See rind on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bacon rind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "immortal rind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pork rind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rind gall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rind oil spot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rind-oil spot"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Old English rind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rindā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rindā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rindō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rindō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rem-",
"t": "to come to rest, support or prop oneself"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to come to rest, support or prop oneself”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rinde",
"t": "bark, rind"
},
"expansion": "German Rinde (“bark, rind”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rand"
},
"expansion": "English rand",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rind, rinde, from Old English rind and rinde (“treebark, crust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rindā, from Proto-Germanic *rindō, *rindǭ (“crust, rind”), from Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to come to rest, support or prop oneself”). Cognate with German Rinde (“bark, rind”). related to English rand.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rinds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rind (plural rinds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "peel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "skin"
}
],
"senses": [
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"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"tree bark"
],
"id": "en-rind-en-noun-S4R7MsCp",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kora",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kůra"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "phloiós",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φλοιός"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "tree bark",
"word": "kéreg"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteccia"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "tree bark",
"word": "rind"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kora"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteza"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 0 8",
"code": "tft",
"lang": "Ternate",
"sense": "tree bark",
"word": "ahi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "Sweetest nut hath sourest rind.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Comus",
"ref": "1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:",
"text": "Thou canst not touch the freedom of my mind / With all thy charms, although this corporal rind / Thou hast immanacled.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hard, tough outer layer, particularly on food such as fruit, cheese, etc"
],
"id": "en-rind-en-noun-DlDVTq66",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"tough",
"tough"
],
[
"outer",
"outer"
],
[
"layer",
"layer"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit"
],
[
"cheese",
"cheese"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qabıq",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "ҡабыҡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kora",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crosta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escorça"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "closca"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cotna"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "is̈hoopa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kůra"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"note": "of fruit",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skal"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"note": "of cheese",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skorpe"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"note": "of pork",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "svær"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schil"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bast"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "kuori"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "of fruit",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pelure"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "of cheese",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croûte"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "of pork",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "couenne"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casca"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tona"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwarte"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lépos",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λέπος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lépuron",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λέπυρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "héj"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "buccia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crosta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crusta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"note": "of bread, cheese, or similar",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luoba"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žievė"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"note": "of fruit, potatoes, or similar",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žievelė"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "hiako"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "kiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "peha"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "tapeha"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "rind"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skorpe"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "svor"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "no",
"english": "(of fruit)",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skall"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schal"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skóra"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skórka"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "łupina"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casca"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kožurá",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "кожура́"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kórka",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ко́рка"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóžica",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ко́жица"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "škúrka",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шку́рка"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cairt"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"note": "of fruit",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cáscara"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 92 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"note": "of fruit",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "skal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 218:",
"text": "\"I'm hanged if I know how you've got the immortal rind to come at me with a yarn like this.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1939, Roy Forster, Joyous Deliverance, London: Thornton Butterworth, p. 262",
"text": "Taking the money from a man when he's got his pants down. What are you, a doctor or a tailor's tout? Thirty bucks! If I figured you'd have the rind to touch me that much I'd have lashed them up with a pair of braces!"
},
{
"ref": "1940, Amy Helen Bell (ed.), London Was Ours: Diaries and Memoirs of the London Blitz, 1940-1941, published 2002, Kingston, Ontario: Queen's University, p. 99",
"text": "April 9, 1940. Then one of our RAF customers had the rind to suggest that ‘you women ought to give up smoking for the duration you know’. This, when they have the alternative of smoking pipes which is not open to us, …"
},
{
"ref": "1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XVIII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:",
"text": "“Oh?” she said. “So you have decided to revise my guest list for me? You have the nerve, the – the –” I saw she needed helping out. “Audacity,” I said, throwing her the line. “The audacity to dictate to me who I shall have in my house.” It should have been “whom”, but I let it go. “You have the –” “Crust.” “– the immortal rind,” she amended, and I had to admit it was stronger, “to tell me whom” – she got it right that time – “I may entertain at Brinkley Court and who” – wrong again – “I may not.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, David Stubbs, Send Them Victorious: England's Path to Glory 2006-2010, O Books (Zero Books), p. 12",
"text": "[About a football match.] Come the second half and the Trinidadians and Tobagans had the immortal rind to make excursions into the England half, the spectacle of which was deeply offensive to those whose memories extend to those happy days before 1962, when independence was unwisely conferred on this archipelago. Back in those days, a game like this would have presented little anxiety. Any goals scored by the Trinidadians, or Tobagans for that matter, would have been instantly become the property of the Crown and therefore added to England's tally. Glad times – 22 men working together for a common aim. However, such is the insolence of the modern age that these dark fellows dared approach the England penalty box, forelocks untugged, as if demanding instant entry to the Garrick club without having been put up by existing members."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The gall, the crust, the insolence; often as \"the immortal rind\""
],
"id": "en-rind-en-noun-YJQt-bf3",
"links": [
[
"gall",
"gall"
],
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"insolence",
"insolence"
]
],
"qualifier": "usually \"the\"",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, uncountable, rare, usually \"the\") The gall, the crust, the insolence; often as \"the immortal rind\""
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹaɪnd/"
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{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"rind"
],
"word": "rind"
}
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{
"args": {
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"3": "rind"
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"expansion": "Old English rind",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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{
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{
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
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"t": "bark, rind"
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"expansion": "German Rinde (“bark, rind”)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rand"
},
"expansion": "English rand",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rind, rinde, from Old English rind and rinde (“treebark, crust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rindā, from Proto-Germanic *rindō, *rindǭ (“crust, rind”), from Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to come to rest, support or prop oneself”). Cognate with German Rinde (“bark, rind”). related to English rand.",
"forms": [
{
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rinding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
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},
{
"form": "rinded",
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"participle",
"past"
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},
{
"form": "rinded",
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"past"
]
}
],
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To remove the rind from."
],
"id": "en-rind-en-verb-z9ZOEBc6",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To remove the rind from."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
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{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rind.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"rind"
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Flemish rijne, Low German ryn.",
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{
"form": "rinds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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],
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"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An iron support fitting used on the upper millstone of a grist mill."
],
"id": "en-rind-en-noun-xIs1By8Y",
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"millstone",
"millstone"
],
[
"grist mill",
"grist mill"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rynd"
},
{
"word": "rine"
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "an iron support fitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "segorella"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "paraplica",
"sense": "an iron support fitting",
"tags": [
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"word": "параплица"
}
]
}
],
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
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],
"wikipedia": [
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"word": "rind"
}
{
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"expansion": "Finnish rinta",
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{
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"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*rinta"
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"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *rinta",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of Finno-Samic origin. Cognate with Finnish rinta. See Proto-Finnic *rinta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rinna",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
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},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"table-tags"
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},
{
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"inflection-template"
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},
{
"form": "d-n gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "22u/leib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rind",
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnad",
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rind",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnad",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "rinnad",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindade",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindasid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindades",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnuks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnaga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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"10": "",
"2": "nouns",
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"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "rinda",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rind (genitive rinna, partitive rinda)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rinna",
"2": "rinda"
},
"expansion": "rind (genitive rinna, partitive rinda)",
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}
],
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"3": "n",
"4": "a"
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"name": "et-decl-leib"
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],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian leib-type nominals",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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"id": "en-rind-et-noun-OBNtbjQ4",
"links": [
[
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]
}
],
"word": "rind"
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{
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"3": "*rinta"
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"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *rinta",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "rinta"
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"expansion": "Finnish rinta",
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],
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{
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"2": "noun"
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"expansion": "rind",
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],
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{
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},
{
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{
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{
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],
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[
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]
}
],
"word": "rind"
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{
"descendants": [
{
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"templates": [
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"2": "rind"
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"expansion": "English: rind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "rind",
"3": "reen",
"4": "reind"
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"expansion": "Scots: rind, reen, reind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rind, reen, reind"
}
],
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{
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"3": "gem-pro",
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"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rind"
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"expansion": "Old English rind",
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],
"etymology_text": "From Old English rind, rinde.",
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{
"form": "rindes",
"tags": [
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}
],
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{
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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],
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[
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],
"senseid": [
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},
{
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-rind-enm-noun-U~yDiWL7"
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An animal's hard outer coating (e.g. the carapace of an insect.)"
],
"id": "en-rind-enm-noun-11BZ5LUN",
"links": [
[
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],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 6 7 68 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "enm:Botany",
"parents": [
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 14 13 19 35 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hides",
"orig": "enm:Hides",
"parents": [
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"Materials",
"Crafts",
"Manufacturing",
"Society",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 4 14 2 64 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A scab; a protective coating over a wound."
],
"id": "en-rind-enm-noun-WYCX-EsO",
"links": [
[
"scab",
"scab"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A scab; a protective coating over a wound."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Something's surface signification."
],
"id": "en-rind-enm-noun-S3p7695k",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, figurative) Something's surface signification."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/riːnd/",
"note": "from OE rind"
},
{
"ipa": "/rind/",
"note": "from OE rind"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈriːnd(ə)/",
"note": "from OE rinde"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrind(ə)/",
"note": "from OE rinde"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rynd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rynde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ryn"
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rindî"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "rindtir",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindtirîn",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rindtir",
"2": "rindtirîn"
},
"expansion": "rind (comparative rindtir, superlative rindtirîn)",
"name": "kmr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"good"
],
"id": "en-rind-kmr-adj-dw5gdiTW",
"links": [
[
"good",
"good"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beautiful"
],
"id": "en-rind-kmr-adj-xqFCfXEZ",
"links": [
[
"beautiful",
"beautiful"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɪnd/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnd"
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "berindan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: rind, rinde, rynd, rynde, ryn\nEnglish: rind\nScots: rind, reen, reind",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: rind, rinde, rynd, rynde, ryn\nEnglish: rind\nScots: rind, reen, reind"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rindu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rindu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rindō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rindō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *rindu, from Proto-Germanic *rindō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rind f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "rind f",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rind"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-o-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rind",
"2": "rinda,rinde",
"3": "rinde",
"4": "rinda,rinde",
"5": "rinde",
"6": "rinda",
"7": "rinde",
"8": "rindum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rand"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rinde"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (of a tree)"
],
"id": "en-rind-ang-noun-0LXgaXSD",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crust, rind"
],
"id": "en-rind-ang-noun-EXssg6w3",
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"rind",
"rind#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rind/"
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rint"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: rint",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: rint"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Rind"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Rind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Rind"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Rend",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Rend, Renk (native in most of Ripuarian, now chiefly western dialects), Rond, Rönd (Eifel)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Rend, Renk (native in most of Ripuarian, now chiefly western dialects), Rond, Rönd (Eifel)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rind"
},
"expansion": "German: Rind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Rind"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Rind"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Rind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Rind"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Rand"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Rand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Rand"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "rynd"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian: rynd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vilamovian: rynd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "inh",
"3": "gmw-pro>*hrinþ>cattle",
"id": "cattle"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrinþ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrinþ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hrīþer"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrīþer",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hrinþ, whence also Old English hrīþer.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rind n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "rind n",
"name": "goh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 1 5 8 1 20 20 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 20 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cattle"
],
"id": "en-rind-goh-noun-rdC4hzlX",
"links": [
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hrind"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*rinta"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *rinta",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rinta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish rinta",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *rinta. Cognates include Finnish rinta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vep-decl-sana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoiden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoikš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindaspäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoišpäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindaha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoihe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindalpäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoilpäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindanke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidenke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindanno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidenno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindannoks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidennoks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-ii",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindannopäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidennopäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindahasai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoihesai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "rindalesai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoilesai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "rindassai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-iii"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-iii"
]
},
{
"form": "rindahapäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoihepäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindalepäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoilepäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-ii",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "rind",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rinda"
},
"name": "vep-decl-sana"
}
],
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vep",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "vep:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Veps entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Veps sana-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chest, breast"
],
"id": "en-rind-vep-noun-JR6Uj8gN",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"chest",
"chest"
],
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) chest, breast"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"breast (front part of a shirt)"
],
"id": "en-rind-vep-noun-B~CV05XN",
"links": [
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chamicuro translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ternate translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bacon rind"
},
{
"word": "immortal rind"
},
{
"word": "pork rind"
},
{
"word": "rind gall"
},
{
"word": "rind oil spot"
},
{
"word": "rind-oil spot"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Old English rind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rindā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rindā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rindō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rindō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rem-",
"t": "to come to rest, support or prop oneself"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to come to rest, support or prop oneself”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rinde",
"t": "bark, rind"
},
"expansion": "German Rinde (“bark, rind”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rand"
},
"expansion": "English rand",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rind, rinde, from Old English rind and rinde (“treebark, crust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rindā, from Proto-Germanic *rindō, *rindǭ (“crust, rind”), from Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to come to rest, support or prop oneself”). Cognate with German Rinde (“bark, rind”). related to English rand.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rinds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rind (plural rinds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "peel"
},
{
"word": "skin"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tree bark"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:",
"text": "Sweetest nut hath sourest rind.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Comus",
"ref": "1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:",
"text": "Thou canst not touch the freedom of my mind / With all thy charms, although this corporal rind / Thou hast immanacled.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hard, tough outer layer, particularly on food such as fruit, cheese, etc"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"tough",
"tough"
],
[
"outer",
"outer"
],
[
"layer",
"layer"
],
[
"fruit",
"fruit"
],
[
"cheese",
"cheese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 218:",
"text": "\"I'm hanged if I know how you've got the immortal rind to come at me with a yarn like this.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1939, Roy Forster, Joyous Deliverance, London: Thornton Butterworth, p. 262",
"text": "Taking the money from a man when he's got his pants down. What are you, a doctor or a tailor's tout? Thirty bucks! If I figured you'd have the rind to touch me that much I'd have lashed them up with a pair of braces!"
},
{
"ref": "1940, Amy Helen Bell (ed.), London Was Ours: Diaries and Memoirs of the London Blitz, 1940-1941, published 2002, Kingston, Ontario: Queen's University, p. 99",
"text": "April 9, 1940. Then one of our RAF customers had the rind to suggest that ‘you women ought to give up smoking for the duration you know’. This, when they have the alternative of smoking pipes which is not open to us, …"
},
{
"ref": "1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XVIII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:",
"text": "“Oh?” she said. “So you have decided to revise my guest list for me? You have the nerve, the – the –” I saw she needed helping out. “Audacity,” I said, throwing her the line. “The audacity to dictate to me who I shall have in my house.” It should have been “whom”, but I let it go. “You have the –” “Crust.” “– the immortal rind,” she amended, and I had to admit it was stronger, “to tell me whom” – she got it right that time – “I may entertain at Brinkley Court and who” – wrong again – “I may not.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, David Stubbs, Send Them Victorious: England's Path to Glory 2006-2010, O Books (Zero Books), p. 12",
"text": "[About a football match.] Come the second half and the Trinidadians and Tobagans had the immortal rind to make excursions into the England half, the spectacle of which was deeply offensive to those whose memories extend to those happy days before 1962, when independence was unwisely conferred on this archipelago. Back in those days, a game like this would have presented little anxiety. Any goals scored by the Trinidadians, or Tobagans for that matter, would have been instantly become the property of the Crown and therefore added to England's tally. Glad times – 22 men working together for a common aim. However, such is the insolence of the modern age that these dark fellows dared approach the England penalty box, forelocks untugged, as if demanding instant entry to the Garrick club without having been put up by existing members."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The gall, the crust, the insolence; often as \"the immortal rind\""
],
"links": [
[
"gall",
"gall"
],
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"insolence",
"insolence"
]
],
"qualifier": "usually \"the\"",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, uncountable, rare, usually \"the\") The gall, the crust, the insolence; often as \"the immortal rind\""
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹaɪnd/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rind.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kora",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kůra"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "phloiós",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φλοιός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "tree bark",
"word": "kéreg"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteccia"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "tree bark",
"word": "rind"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kora"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "tree bark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corteza"
},
{
"code": "tft",
"lang": "Ternate",
"sense": "tree bark",
"word": "ahi"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qabıq",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "ҡабыҡ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kora",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кора"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crosta"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escorça"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "closca"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cotna"
},
{
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "is̈hoopa"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kůra"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"note": "of fruit",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skal"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"note": "of cheese",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skorpe"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"note": "of pork",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "svær"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schil"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bast"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "kuori"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "of fruit",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pelure"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "of cheese",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croûte"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "of pork",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "couenne"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casca"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tona"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rinde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwarte"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lépos",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λέπος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lépuron",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λέπυρον"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "héj"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "buccia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crosta"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crusta"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pluta"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"note": "of bread, cheese, or similar",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "luoba"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žievė"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"note": "of fruit, potatoes, or similar",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žievelė"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "hiako"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "kiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "peha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "tapeha"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "rind"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bark"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skorpe"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "svor"
},
{
"code": "no",
"english": "(of fruit)",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skall"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schal"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skóra"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skórka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "łupina"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "casca"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kožurá",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "кожура́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kórka",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ко́рка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóžica",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ко́жица"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "škúrka",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шку́рка"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cairt"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"note": "of fruit",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cáscara"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"note": "of fruit",
"sense": "hard outer layer of fruit, cheese",
"word": "skal"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"rind"
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chamicuro translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ternate translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Old English rind",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rindā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rindā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rindō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rindō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rem-",
"t": "to come to rest, support or prop oneself"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to come to rest, support or prop oneself”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rinde",
"t": "bark, rind"
},
"expansion": "German Rinde (“bark, rind”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rand"
},
"expansion": "English rand",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rind, rinde, from Old English rind and rinde (“treebark, crust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rindā, from Proto-Germanic *rindō, *rindǭ (“crust, rind”), from Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to come to rest, support or prop oneself”). Cognate with German Rinde (“bark, rind”). related to English rand.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rinds",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rinding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rinded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rinded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rind (third-person singular simple present rinds, present participle rinding, simple past and past participle rinded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To remove the rind from."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To remove the rind from."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹaɪnd/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rind.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"rind"
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd",
"Rhymes:English/aɪnd/1 syllable",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Russian translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Flemish rijne, Low German ryn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rinds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rind (plural rinds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An iron support fitting used on the upper millstone of a grist mill."
],
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"millstone",
"millstone"
],
[
"grist mill",
"grist mill"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹaɪnd/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rind.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rind.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪnd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rynd"
},
{
"word": "rine"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "an iron support fitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "segorella"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "paraplica",
"sense": "an iron support fitting",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "параплица"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"rind"
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rinta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish rinta",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*rinta"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *rinta",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of Finno-Samic origin. Cognate with Finnish rinta. See Proto-Finnic *rinta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rinna",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "et-decl-leib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "d-n gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "22u/leib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rind",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnad",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinna",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnad",
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"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindade",
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"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindasid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnasse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadesse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnusse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindades",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnast",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadest",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnalt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadelt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadeks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnuks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadeta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnaga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadega",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "rinna",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "rinda",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rind (genitive rinna, partitive rinda)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rinna",
"2": "rinda"
},
"expansion": "rind (genitive rinna, partitive rinda)",
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}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rin",
"2": "d",
"3": "n",
"4": "a"
},
"name": "et-decl-leib"
}
],
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"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian leib-type nominals",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian nouns",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"breast"
],
"links": [
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*rinta"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *rinta",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rinta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish rinta",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *rinta. Cognates include Finnish rinta.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "rind",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ludian",
"lang_code": "lud",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ludian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ludian lemmas",
"Ludian nouns",
"Ludian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ludian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"breast"
],
"links": [
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Botany",
"enm:Hides",
"enm:Medicine"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rind"
},
"expansion": "English: rind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: rind"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rind",
"3": "reen",
"4": "reind"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rind, reen, reind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rind, reen, reind"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Old English rind",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English rind, rinde.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rindes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "rindes"
},
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The bark of a tree (often used in medicine)."
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:bark"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A part, section or flake of bark."
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The exterior layer of a fruit or nut (often used in medicine)."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An animal's hard outer coating (e.g. the carapace of an insect.)"
],
"links": [
[
"carapace",
"carapace#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) An animal's hard outer coating (e.g. the carapace of an insect.)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A scab; a protective coating over a wound."
],
"links": [
[
"scab",
"scab"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A scab; a protective coating over a wound."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Something's surface signification."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, figurative) Something's surface signification."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/riːnd/",
"note": "from OE rind"
},
{
"ipa": "/rind/",
"note": "from OE rind"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈriːnd(ə)/",
"note": "from OE rinde"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈrind(ə)/",
"note": "from OE rinde"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rinde"
},
{
"word": "rynd"
},
{
"word": "rynde"
},
{
"word": "ryn"
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish 1-syllable words",
"Northern Kurdish adjectives",
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Northern Kurdish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Northern Kurdish/ɪnd",
"Rhymes:Northern Kurdish/ɪnd/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rindî"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "rindtir",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindtirîn",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rindtir",
"2": "rindtirîn"
},
"expansion": "rind (comparative rindtir, superlative rindtirîn)",
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}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"good"
],
"links": [
[
"good",
"good"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"beautiful"
],
"links": [
[
"beautiful",
"beautiful"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɪnd/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪnd"
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "berindan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rind"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: rind, rinde, rynd, rynde, ryn\nEnglish: rind\nScots: rind, reen, reind",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: rind, rinde, rynd, rynde, ryn\nEnglish: rind\nScots: rind, reen, reind"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
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"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
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},
{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rindō"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *rindu, from Proto-Germanic *rindō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-o-f",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rind",
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
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"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
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"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
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"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rinda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rinde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rind f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
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}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rind"
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"4": "rinda,rinde",
"5": "rinde",
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"7": "rinde",
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"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong ō-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"word": "rand"
},
{
"word": "rinde"
}
],
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{
"glosses": [
"bark (of a tree)"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crust, rind"
],
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
],
[
"rind",
"rind#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rind/"
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "rint"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: rint",
"name": "desc"
}
],
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},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Rind"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Rind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Rind"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Rend",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Rend, Renk (native in most of Ripuarian, now chiefly western dialects), Rond, Rönd (Eifel)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Rend, Renk (native in most of Ripuarian, now chiefly western dialects), Rond, Rönd (Eifel)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rind"
},
"expansion": "German: Rind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Rind"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Rind"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Rind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Rind"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Rand"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Rand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Rand"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wym",
"2": "rynd"
},
"expansion": "Vilamovian: rynd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vilamovian: rynd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "inh",
"3": "gmw-pro>*hrinþ>cattle",
"id": "cattle"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrinþ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrinþ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hrīþer"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrīþer",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hrinþ, whence also Old English hrīþer.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rind n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "rind n",
"name": "goh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German neuter nouns",
"Old High German nouns",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱerh₂-",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"cattle"
],
"links": [
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hrind"
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Veps entries with incorrect language header",
"Veps lemmas",
"Veps nouns",
"Veps sana-type nominals",
"Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*rinta"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *rinta",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rinta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish rinta",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *rinta. Cognates include Finnish rinta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vep-decl-sana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rind",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoiden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindad",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindaks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoikš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoiš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindaspäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoišpäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindaha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoihe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindalpäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoilpäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindanke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidenke",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindadme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindanno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidenno",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindannoks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidennoks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"approximative-ii",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindannopäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoidennopäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindahasai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoihesai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-i"
]
},
{
"form": "rindalesai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoilesai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "rindassai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative",
"terminative-iii"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative",
"terminative-iii"
]
},
{
"form": "rindahapäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-i",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoihepäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-i",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindalepäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-ii",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindoilepäi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"additive",
"additive-ii",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "rind",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rinda"
},
"name": "vep-decl-sana"
}
],
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"vep:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"chest, breast"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"chest",
"chest"
],
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) chest, breast"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"breast (front part of a shirt)"
],
"links": [
[
"breast",
"breast"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rind"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rind meaning in All languages combined (41.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.