"crosta" meaning in Catalan

See crosta in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈkɾɔs.tə] [Balearic, Central], [ˈkɾɔs.ta] [Valencia] Audio: LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-crosta.wav Forms: crostes [plural]
Etymology: Inherited from Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”) (compare Occitan crosta, French croûte, Spanish costra), from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”). The /ɔ/ is unexpected and perhaps due to influence from other words with similar meanings. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ca|la|crusta||bark, crust, shell|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”), {{inh+|ca|la|crusta|t=bark, crust, shell}} Inherited from Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”), {{cog|oc|crosta}} Occitan crosta, {{cog|fr|croûte}} French croûte, {{cog|es|costra}} Spanish costra, {{inh|ca|ine-pro|*krustós|t=hardened}} Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”) Head templates: {{ca-noun|f}} crosta f (plural crostes)
  1. crust (any hard surface layer; surface layer of most breads and pastries) Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Foods
    Sense id: en-crosta-ca-noun-1sb6ZnK~ Disambiguation of Foods: 41 28 13 18 Categories (other): Catalan entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Catalan entries with incorrect language header: 43 29 13 14
  2. (geology) crust (outermost solid layer of a planet) Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Geology Synonyms: escorça
    Sense id: en-crosta-ca-noun-RYNJ3V-t Topics: geography, geology, natural-sciences
  3. rind (hard surface layer of a cheese) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-crosta-ca-noun-DY7m~bvM
  4. scab (crust over a wound made from clotted blood) Tags: feminine Categories (topical): Pathology
    Sense id: en-crosta-ca-noun-1UTR0qcN Disambiguation of Pathology: 19 5 8 68
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: crosta làctia (english: cradle cap), crostera (english: scab), crostó (english: heel [of bread]), crostós (english: crusty), encrostar (english: to encrust) Related terms: incrustar

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "cradle cap",
      "word": "crosta làctia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "scab",
      "word": "crostera"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "heel [of bread]",
      "word": "crostó"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "crusty",
      "word": "crostós"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to encrust",
      "word": "encrostar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crusta",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bark, crust, shell",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crusta",
        "t": "bark, crust, shell"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oc",
        "2": "crosta"
      },
      "expansion": "Occitan crosta",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "croûte"
      },
      "expansion": "French croûte",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "costra"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish costra",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*krustós",
        "t": "hardened"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”) (compare Occitan crosta, French croûte, Spanish costra), from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”). The /ɔ/ is unexpected and perhaps due to influence from other words with similar meanings.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crostes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "crosta f (plural crostes)",
      "name": "ca-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "incrustar"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 29 13 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 28 13 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ca",
          "name": "Foods",
          "orig": "ca:Foods",
          "parents": [
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crust (any hard surface layer; surface layer of most breads and pastries)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosta-ca-noun-1sb6ZnK~",
      "links": [
        [
          "crust",
          "crust"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ca",
          "name": "Geology",
          "orig": "ca:Geology",
          "parents": [
            "Earth sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crust (outermost solid layer of a planet)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosta-ca-noun-RYNJ3V-t",
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ],
        [
          "crust",
          "crust"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geology) crust (outermost solid layer of a planet)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "escorça"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rind (hard surface layer of a cheese)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosta-ca-noun-DY7m~bvM",
      "links": [
        [
          "rind",
          "rind"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "19 5 8 68",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ca",
          "name": "Pathology",
          "orig": "ca:Pathology",
          "parents": [
            "Disease",
            "Medicine",
            "Health",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Body",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "scab (crust over a wound made from clotted blood)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crosta-ca-noun-1UTR0qcN",
      "links": [
        [
          "scab",
          "scab"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɾɔs.tə]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic",
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɾɔs.ta]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencia"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-crosta.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Millars-crosta.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Millars-crosta.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Millars-crosta.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Millars-crosta.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosta"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Catalan countable nouns",
    "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
    "Catalan feminine nouns",
    "Catalan lemmas",
    "Catalan nouns",
    "Catalan terms derived from Latin",
    "Catalan terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
    "Catalan terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ca:Foods",
    "ca:Pathology"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "cradle cap",
      "word": "crosta làctia"
    },
    {
      "english": "scab",
      "word": "crostera"
    },
    {
      "english": "heel [of bread]",
      "word": "crostó"
    },
    {
      "english": "crusty",
      "word": "crostós"
    },
    {
      "english": "to encrust",
      "word": "encrostar"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crusta",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bark, crust, shell",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crusta",
        "t": "bark, crust, shell"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oc",
        "2": "crosta"
      },
      "expansion": "Occitan crosta",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "croûte"
      },
      "expansion": "French croûte",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "costra"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish costra",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*krustós",
        "t": "hardened"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin crusta (“bark, crust, shell”) (compare Occitan crosta, French croûte, Spanish costra), from Proto-Indo-European *krustós (“hardened”), from *krews- (“to form a crust, begin to freeze”). The /ɔ/ is unexpected and perhaps due to influence from other words with similar meanings.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crostes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "crosta f (plural crostes)",
      "name": "ca-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "incrustar"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "crust (any hard surface layer; surface layer of most breads and pastries)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crust",
          "crust"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "ca:Geology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crust (outermost solid layer of a planet)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ],
        [
          "crust",
          "crust"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geology) crust (outermost solid layer of a planet)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "escorça"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rind (hard surface layer of a cheese)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rind",
          "rind"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scab (crust over a wound made from clotted blood)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scab",
          "scab"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɾɔs.tə]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic",
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɾɔs.ta]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencia"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Millars-crosta.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Millars-crosta.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Millars-crosta.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Millars-crosta.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Millars-crosta.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crosta"
}

Download raw JSONL data for crosta meaning in Catalan (3.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Catalan dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.