See in- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for in- meaning in All languages combined (63.7kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "exo-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "ecto-"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbound"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbox"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "ingrown"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inlaid"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inner"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "input"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inside"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inward"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbeat"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbend"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "incave"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbent"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbirth"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbreathe"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbreed"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inburning"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "incircle"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "in-between"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "inbeing"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "incar"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "incaved"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "incaverned"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "incenter"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 13 15 15 15 15",
"word": "inblow"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 13 15 15 15 15",
"word": "inbring"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 13 15 15 15 15",
"word": "inburn"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁én"
},
"expansion": "*h₁én",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁én"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁én",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "in-",
"pos": "prefix",
"t": "in, into"
},
"expansion": "Old English in- (“in, into”, prefix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *in",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁én\nFrom Middle English in-, from Old English in- (“in, into”, prefix), from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én. More at in.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inbeat is occurring on an inward beat, inbend is to bend or curve inwards, incave is to cave inward",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into, towards, within.",
"Inward (direction)"
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:inward",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"Inward",
"inward"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:inward"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 30 6 1 2 18 1 13 11 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 8 2 2 14 1 10 9 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 28 8 1 2 12 0 14 8 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inbreed is to produce or generate within, inburning is burning within, incircle is a circle within a polygon",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into, towards, within.",
"Within (position)"
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:within",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"Within",
"within"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:within"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "22 53 22 1 1 1 1",
"sense": "within",
"word": "intra-"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 53 22 1 1 1 1",
"sense": "within",
"word": "en-"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 53 22 1 1 1 1",
"sense": "within",
"word": "em-"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 53 22 1 1 1 1",
"sense": "within",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 53 22 1 1 1 1",
"sense": "within",
"word": "end-"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 53 22 1 1 1 1",
"sense": "within",
"word": "endo-"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 55 23",
"sense": "within",
"word": "ento-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inhold, inmove, intake, inthrill"
},
{
"text": "inborn, inbound"
},
{
"text": "infield, infighting, insight, intalk, inwork"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into, towards, within."
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-Aat8awCa",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"within",
"within"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"word": "en-"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "in- en-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eis-",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "εισ-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "en-",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "εν-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "inn-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "em-"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 33 33",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "in-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "exo-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "ecto-"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "13 13 13 15 15 15 15",
"word": "inblow"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 13 15 15 15 15",
"word": "inbring"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 13 15 15 15 15",
"word": "inburn"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "infiltrate"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "ingress"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "invade"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inflammable"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "imband"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "imbar"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "imbarn"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "imbalsamation"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "imbound"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "imbox"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inbeaming"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inbear"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inbind"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inbreak"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inbreaking"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "incantoning"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "incask"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inbland"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inblind"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "incloister"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "imbank"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inborrow"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inbuild"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inclamation"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "imbannered"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inaureole"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "incarnate"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"word": "inawe"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Latin in-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in"
},
"expansion": "Latin in",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*en"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *en",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "French in-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en-"
},
"expansion": "en-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in"
},
"expansion": "Latin in",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English in-, borrowed (in words of Latinate origin) from Latin in-, from Latin in, from Proto-Indo-European *en (cognate to Germanic in-, above). Often borrowed from French in- (e.g. incise, incite, incline, indication), or as French en-, originally from Latin in.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "imband is to form into a band or bands, imbar is to bar in, imbarn is to store in a barn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into",
"Into"
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:into",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"Into",
"into"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:into"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inbland is to blend, inblind is to make blind, incloister is to cloister",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into",
"Doing; forming verbs."
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:doing",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"Doing",
"doing"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:doing"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "imbannered is having banners, inaureole is to have a halo, incarnate is be crimson",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into",
"Having, possessing"
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:having",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"Having",
"having"
],
[
"possessing",
"possessing"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:having"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Note: Before certain letters, in- becomes",
"text": "il- before l, e.g. illusion\nim- before b, m, or p, e.g. imperil\nir- before r, e.g. irrigate"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into"
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-V9rPAVYC",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inability"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaccuracy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaccurate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadmissible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inanimate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incapable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incredible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incredulity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incredulous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "indefinite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inedible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ineffable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inequitable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "infinite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inhospitable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inimitable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "injustice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "insobriety"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "intolerance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inviolable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "invisible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadaptable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inamiable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incogent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "imbalanced"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inacceptable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaccordant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inacquiescent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inactivate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inactivist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadaptive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaddible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadept"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadequate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadherent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadmissibly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadventurous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadvisable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadvised"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaesthetic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaffable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaffectation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaffected"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaffectionate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaidable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inalienable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inalimental"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inamicable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inamovable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inamyloid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inangular"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inanimated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapparent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappealable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappendiculate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapplicable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapposite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappreciable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappreciative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapprehensive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapproachable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappropriable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappropriate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inarable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inarguable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inartful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inarticulable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inarticulate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inarticulated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inarticulation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inartificial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inartistic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaspirable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaudible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inauspicious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inauthentic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inauthoritative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inavertible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inavoidable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incalculable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incapacious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incapacity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incautelous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incautious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incelibacy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incelibate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incensurable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incertain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inchangeability"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inchaste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incircumscription"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incircumspect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incirrate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incivil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incoagulable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incoalescence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incoercible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incoexistence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incogitative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incognizable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inimicable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inactivism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappetent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inclarity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "imbonity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inabstinence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaccess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inacquaintance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadaptation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inadhesion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inæsthetical"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inanimation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaperturate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapparency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappetence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapplication"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappreciation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapprehension"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inattendance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inattentive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incaution"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incelebrity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inchastity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incivism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "incognizance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inannihilable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappellable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inassimilable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inactinic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inaddibility"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inalterable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inappeasable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapprehensible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inapproximable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "inattributable"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ne"
},
"expansion": "*ne",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ne"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *ne",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"t": "not"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“not”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "un-"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of un-",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *ne\nFrom Middle English in-, borrowed (in words of latinate origin) from Latin in- (“not”). Sometimes the Latin word has passed through French before reaching English (e.g. incapable, incertainty, inclement, incompatible). Doublet of un-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "em-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "en-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Greek"
],
"word": "a-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "non-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "un-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wan-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "inedible"
},
{
"text": "inaccurate"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Added to adjectives to mean not."
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:inverse",
"links": [
[
"reverse",
"reverse"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"(non-productive) Added to adjectives to mean not."
],
"senseid": [
"en:inverse",
"en:not"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "dys-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "non-"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 4 22 1",
"sense": "not",
"word": "un-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "incredulity"
},
{
"text": "ineptitude"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Added to nouns to mean lacking or without."
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:inverse1",
"links": [
[
"reverse",
"reverse"
],
[
"lack",
"lack"
],
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Added to nouns to mean lacking or without."
],
"senseid": [
"en:inverse",
"en:absence"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inannihilable is that cannot be annihilated, inappellable is that cannot be appealed against, inassimilable is that cannot be assimilated",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Cannot, unable."
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:inverse1",
"links": [
[
"reverse",
"reverse"
],
[
"Cannot",
"cannot"
],
[
"unable",
"unable"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Cannot, unable."
],
"senseid": [
"en:inverse",
"en:cannot"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Note: Before certain letters, in- becomes",
"text": "ig- before n, e.g. ignoble\nil- before l, e.g. illegal\nim- before b, m, or p, e.g. improper\nir- before r, e.g. irresistible"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with certain words to reverse their meaning."
],
"id": "en-in--en-prefix-en:inverse1",
"links": [
[
"reverse",
"reverse"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning."
],
"senseid": [
"en:inverse"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "an-",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ան-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ne-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "epä-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "a-",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "α-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "an-",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "αν-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "i",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "אִי"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bílti",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "בִּלְתִּי"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ne-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"alt": "ふ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fu",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "不"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ikke-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "u-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "van-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ikkje-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "u-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "van-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "nie-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ne",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "не"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "o-"
},
{
"_dis1": "25 25 25 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
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{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "before l",
"4": "il-",
"5": "before b, m, or p",
"6": "im-",
"7": "before r",
"8": "ir-"
},
"expansion": "in- (before l il-, before b, m, or p im-, before r ir-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in-; un- (reversal of meaning or lack of an attribute)"
],
"id": "en-in--ca-prefix-BYXWUVXi",
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From in.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
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"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prepended to a noun or adjective, it reinforces the quality signified thereby"
],
"id": "en-in--nl-prefix-zacsiDVX",
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[
"prepend",
"prepend"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "in en in"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prepended to an adjective to negate its meaning; occurs mostly in borrowed terms from French: in-, un-"
],
"id": "en-in--nl-prefix-BldFA-MW",
"links": [
[
"prepend",
"prepend"
],
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-in-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/Nl-in-.ogg/Nl-in-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Nl-in-.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in-; un- (indicates negation)"
],
"id": "en-in--fr-prefix-1o4u3ODL",
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ̃/",
"note": "before a consonant"
},
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"note": "before a consonant"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-in-.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *in",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*en"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *en",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "inne-"
},
"expansion": "inne-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *en. More at in and inne-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + Land (“land”) → Inland (“domestic territory”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + Schrift (“writing”) → Inschrift (“inscription”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + Sasse (“someone who sits”) → Insasse (“passenger, inhabitant”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + Begriff (“concept”) → Inbegriff (“embodiment”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, inside, interior"
],
"id": "en-in--de-prefix-DH79mJYK",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
],
[
"interior",
"interior"
]
],
"qualifier": "only in nouns",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, only in nouns) in, inside, interior"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ein-"
},
{
"word": "inner-"
},
{
"word": "binnen-"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "in verbs",
"word": "inne-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪn/"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in-",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + filtrieren (“to filter”) → infiltrieren (“to infiltrate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into"
],
"id": "en-in--de-prefix-V9rPAVYC",
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
]
],
"qualifier": "rarely productive; only with Latinate stems; rarely productive; only with Latinate stems",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rarely productive, only with Latinate stems) in, into"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪn/"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in-",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 6 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + konsequent (“consistent”) → inkonsequent (“inconsistent”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in-, un- (indicates negation)"
],
"id": "en-in--de-prefix-c50s1wBJ",
"links": [
[
"in-",
"#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"qualifier": "rarely productive; only with Latinate stems; rarely productive; only with Latinate stems",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rarely productive, only with Latinate stems) in-, un- (indicates negation)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "un-"
},
{
"word": "nicht-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪn/"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌹𐌽-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌹𐌽-"
],
"id": "en-in--got-romanization-5pXo7Xsc",
"links": [
[
"𐌹𐌽-",
"𐌹𐌽-#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch in-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fr",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "French in-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch in-, from French in-, from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in-: used with certain words to reverse their meaning."
],
"id": "en-in--id-prefix-MCuwNnYh",
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɪn]"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "do-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"capable of, fit for, fit to be"
],
"id": "en-in--ga-prefix-ZlLyx9-N",
"links": [
[
"capable",
"capable"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "i"
},
"expansion": "i",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From i, in (“in”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "in-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "n-in-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "hin-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-h"
]
},
{
"form": "t-in-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-t"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msn"
},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"en-, in-, il-, im-, ir-"
],
"id": "en-in--ga-prefix-02poAA0t",
"links": [
[
"en-",
"en-"
],
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"il-",
"il-#English"
],
[
"im-",
"im-#English"
],
[
"ir-",
"ir-#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"english": "broad",
"word": "ion-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 0 94 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"endo-"
],
"id": "en-in--ga-prefix-jPrXwd1i",
"links": [
[
"endo-",
"endo-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"intra-"
],
"id": "en-in--ga-prefix-mA3uFCrp",
"links": [
[
"intra-",
"intra-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Latin in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in",
"3": "",
"4": "in, into"
},
"expansion": "in (“in, into”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin in-, a prefixation of in (“in, into”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in-"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"used to denote derivation"
],
"id": "en-in--it-prefix-B8zwkIOR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(forms verbs) used to denote derivation"
],
"raw_tags": [
"forms verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"used as an intensifier"
],
"id": "en-in--it-prefix-5NKB00dZ",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) used as an intensifier"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/"
},
{
"ipa": "[iɱ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[iŋ]"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ne"
},
"expansion": "*ne",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin in- (“un-, not”), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-, zero grade form of the sentence negative *ne.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in-"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 13 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to denote negation or opposition or privation; un-; in-; a-"
],
"id": "en-in--it-prefix-YLMzYU0w",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"in-",
"in#English"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#Etymology_5"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"alt": "assimilated form before b-/m-/p-",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"alt": "assimilated form before l-",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"alt": "assimilated form before r-",
"word": "ir-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/"
},
{
"ipa": "[iɱ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[iŋ]"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: in-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "i-"
},
"expansion": "i-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "im-"
},
"expansion": "im-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: in- (sometimes i-, or im- before p, b and m)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: in-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: in-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: in-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in-",
"3": "ir-",
"4": "il-",
"5": "im-"
},
"expansion": "English: in-, ir-, il-, im-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: in-, ir-, il-, im-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: in-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "im-"
},
"expansion": "im-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "i-"
},
"expansion": "i-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ir-"
},
"expansion": "ir-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: in- (im- before p or b, i- before l, n, or m, and ir- before r)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "n-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: n-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "m-"
},
"expansion": "m-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "il-"
},
"expansion": "il-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "ir-"
},
"expansion": "ir-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: n- (m- before p, b or m, il- before l, and ir- before r)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: in-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "im-"
},
"expansion": "im-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "i-"
},
"expansion": "i-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ir-"
},
"expansion": "ir-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: in- (im- before p or b, i- before l, and ir- before r)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "not"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*ən-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *ən-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-",
"4": "",
"5": "not"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“not”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zero-grade"
},
"expansion": "zero-grade",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ne",
"3": "",
"4": "not"
},
"expansion": "*ne (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ne-"
},
"expansion": "ne-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "nē"
},
"expansion": "nē",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "nī"
},
"expansion": "nī",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Italic *ən-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“not”), zero-grade form of the negative particle *ne (“not”). Akin to ne-, nē, nī.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "in- -is"
}
],
"glosses": [
"un-, non-, not"
],
"id": "en-in--la-prefix-dwGZKdaM",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"non-",
"non-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɪn]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[in]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "ãn-",
"3": "n-",
"4": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: ãn-, n-, an-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: ãn-, n-, an-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "en-"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: en-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: en-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in-"
},
"expansion": "English: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: in-"
},
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{
"args": {
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"2": "en-"
},
"expansion": "French: en-",
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],
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},
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{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "in-",
"3": "en-"
},
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}
],
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},
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
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],
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},
{
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{
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},
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}
],
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},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
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},
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}
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},
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],
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],
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}
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"morpheme"
]
},
{
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{
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},
{
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"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + cadō (“fall”) → incidō (“fall into, fall upon”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + pangō (“set, fix, settle, fasten”) → impingō (“fasten upon, dash against, strike against”)",
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},
{
"text": "in- + flīgō (“strike”) → īnflīgō (“strike on, strike against, inflict, impose upon”)",
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},
{
"text": "in- + vocō (“call”) → invocō (“call on, call upon, invoke”)",
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}
],
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}
],
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],
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{
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}
],
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"Prepositional prefix, generally attached to verbs to derive new verbs with a range of meanings.",
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],
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"morpheme"
]
}
],
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]
},
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},
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{
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},
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"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Indo-European *énu (“along, after”). Cognate with Sanskrit अनु (ánu-, “after”), Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬎 (anu, “after; corresponding to”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎵𐎺 (a-nu-v /anuv/), and Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌿 (inu, “without”) (whose meaning developed “along” > “past” > “without”).",
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}
],
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
"expansion": "English: in-",
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],
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"2": "in",
"3": "",
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],
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],
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"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + weorc (“work”) → inweorc (“indoor work”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
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],
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],
[
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],
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}
],
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],
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"2": "*oyd-",
"3": "",
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},
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}
],
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"head_templates": [
{
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],
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"id-#Old Irish"
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],
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],
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"un-; not"
],
"id": "en-in--pt-prefix-LeB0AsyJ",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "before p or b",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"english": "before r",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"english": "before m, n or l",
"word": "i-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not (negation)"
],
"id": "en-in--es-prefix-43S6Odza",
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "before p or b",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"english": "before r",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"english": "before l",
"word": "i-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-n-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 noun prefix."
],
"id": "en-in--ss-prefix-P2kj1Gxa",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜁᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "in- (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in-"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms without tl-pr template",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-in-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prefix form of -in-."
],
"id": "en-in--tl-prefix-EZlDUkgE",
"links": [
[
"-in-",
"-in-#Tagalog"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"prefix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʔin/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɪn]"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-n-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 noun prefix."
],
"id": "en-in--xh-prefix-P2kj1Gxa",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-n-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ín-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes",
"head": "ín-"
},
"expansion": "ín-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 noun prefix."
],
"id": "en-in--zu-prefix-P2kj1Gxa",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Dravidian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurukh-Malto:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmj",
"tr": "embe"
},
"expansion": "Kumarbhag Paharia: [script needed] (embe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumarbhag Paharia: [script needed] (embe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kru",
"tr": "embā"
},
"expansion": "Kurukh: [script needed] (embā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kurukh: [script needed] (embā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brh",
"tr": "hanēn"
},
"expansion": "Brahui: [script needed] (hanēn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Brahui: [script needed] (hanēn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Dravidian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tcy",
"2": "ಇಮ್ಪು"
},
"expansion": "Tulu: ಇಮ್ಪು (impu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tulu: ಇಮ್ಪು (impu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tamil-Kannada:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಇನಿ",
"3": "ಇನಿದು"
},
"expansion": "Kannada: ಇನಿ (ini), ಇನಿದು (inidu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kannada: ಇನಿ (ini), ಇನಿದು (inidu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tamil-Malayalam:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ml",
"2": "ഇനിപ്പ്",
"3": "ഇനിവ്",
"4": "ഇൻപം",
"5": "ഇമ്പം"
},
"expansion": "Malayalam: ഇനിപ്പ് (inippŭ), ഇനിവ് (inivŭ), ഇൻപം (iṉpaṁ), ഇമ്പം (impaṁ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Malayalam: ഇനിപ്പ് (inippŭ), ഇനിവ് (inivŭ), ഇൻപം (iṉpaṁ), ഇമ്പം (impaṁ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "இனி",
"3": "இனிப்பு",
"4": "இனிய",
"5": "இனிமை",
"6": "இன்பம்"
},
"expansion": "Tamil: இனி (iṉi), இனிப்பு (iṉippu), இனிய (iṉiya), இனிமை (iṉimai), இன்பம் (iṉpam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tamil: இனி (iṉi), இனிப்பு (iṉippu), இனிய (iṉiya), இனிமை (iṉimai), இன்பம் (iṉpam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South-Central Dravidian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "te",
"2": "ఇంచు",
"3": "ఇంపు"
},
"expansion": "Telugu: ఇంచు (iñcu), ఇంపు (impu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Telugu: ఇంచు (iñcu), ఇంపు (impu)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dra-pro",
"2": "adj"
},
"expansion": "*in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Dravidian",
"lang_code": "dra-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Dravidian/in-",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Dravidian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sweet"
],
"id": "en-in--dra-pro-adj-uQQ8Fq82",
"links": [
[
"sweet",
"sweet"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "before l",
"4": "il-",
"5": "before b, m, or p",
"6": "im-",
"7": "before r",
"8": "ir-"
},
"expansion": "in- (before l il-, before b, m, or p im-, before r ir-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan prefixes",
"Catalan terms borrowed from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"in-; un- (reversal of meaning or lack of an attribute)"
],
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch prefixes",
"Dutch terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "in en in"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From in.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"prepended to a noun or adjective, it reinforces the quality signified thereby"
],
"links": [
[
"prepend",
"prepend"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"prepended to an adjective to negate its meaning; occurs mostly in borrowed terms from French: in-, un-"
],
"links": [
[
"prepend",
"prepend"
],
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-in-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/Nl-in-.ogg/Nl-in-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Nl-in-.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "exo-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "ecto-"
}
],
"categories": [
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁én",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive prefixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "inbound"
},
{
"word": "inbox"
},
{
"word": "ingrown"
},
{
"word": "inlaid"
},
{
"word": "inner"
},
{
"word": "input"
},
{
"word": "inside"
},
{
"word": "inward"
},
{
"word": "inbeat"
},
{
"word": "inbend"
},
{
"word": "incave"
},
{
"word": "inbent"
},
{
"word": "inbirth"
},
{
"word": "inblow"
},
{
"word": "inbreathe"
},
{
"word": "inbring"
},
{
"word": "inbreed"
},
{
"word": "inburning"
},
{
"word": "incircle"
},
{
"word": "in-between"
},
{
"word": "inbeing"
},
{
"word": "inburn"
},
{
"word": "incar"
},
{
"word": "incaved"
},
{
"word": "incaverned"
},
{
"word": "incenter"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁én"
},
"expansion": "*h₁én",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "h₁én"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *h₁én",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "in-",
"pos": "prefix",
"t": "in, into"
},
"expansion": "Old English in- (“in, into”, prefix)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *in",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *h₁én\nFrom Middle English in-, from Old English in- (“in, into”, prefix), from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én. More at in.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inbeat is occurring on an inward beat, inbend is to bend or curve inwards, incave is to cave inward",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into, towards, within.",
"Inward (direction)"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"Inward",
"inward"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:inward"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inbreed is to produce or generate within, inburning is burning within, incircle is a circle within a polygon",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into, towards, within.",
"Within (position)"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"Within",
"within"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:within"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inhold, inmove, intake, inthrill"
},
{
"text": "inborn, inbound"
},
{
"text": "infield, infighting, insight, intalk, inwork"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into, towards, within."
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"within",
"within"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "intra-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "en-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "em-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "end-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "endo-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "ento-"
},
{
"word": "i-"
},
{
"word": "il-"
},
{
"word": "en-"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "in- en-"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "eis-",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "εισ-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "en-",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "εν-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "inn-"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "em-"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in, into, towards",
"word": "in-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "out-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "exo-"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"within\"",
"word": "ecto-"
}
],
"categories": [
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive prefixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "infiltrate"
},
{
"word": "ingress"
},
{
"word": "invade"
},
{
"word": "inflammable"
},
{
"word": "imband"
},
{
"word": "imbar"
},
{
"word": "imbarn"
},
{
"word": "imbalsamation"
},
{
"word": "imbound"
},
{
"word": "imbox"
},
{
"word": "inbeaming"
},
{
"word": "inbear"
},
{
"word": "inbind"
},
{
"word": "inblow"
},
{
"word": "inbreak"
},
{
"word": "inbreaking"
},
{
"word": "inbring"
},
{
"word": "inburn"
},
{
"word": "incantoning"
},
{
"word": "incask"
},
{
"word": "inbland"
},
{
"word": "inblind"
},
{
"word": "incloister"
},
{
"word": "imbank"
},
{
"word": "inborrow"
},
{
"word": "inbuild"
},
{
"word": "inclamation"
},
{
"word": "imbannered"
},
{
"word": "inaureole"
},
{
"word": "incarnate"
},
{
"word": "inawe"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Latin in-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in"
},
"expansion": "Latin in",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*en"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *en",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "French in-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en-"
},
"expansion": "en-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in"
},
"expansion": "Latin in",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English in-, borrowed (in words of Latinate origin) from Latin in-, from Latin in, from Proto-Indo-European *en (cognate to Germanic in-, above). Often borrowed from French in- (e.g. incise, incite, incline, indication), or as French en-, originally from Latin in.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "imband is to form into a band or bands, imbar is to bar in, imbarn is to store in a barn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into",
"Into"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"Into",
"into"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:into"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inbland is to blend, inblind is to make blind, incloister is to cloister",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into",
"Doing; forming verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"Doing",
"doing"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:doing"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "imbannered is having banners, inaureole is to have a halo, incarnate is be crimson",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into",
"Having, possessing"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"Having",
"having"
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[
"possessing",
"possessing"
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],
"senseid": [
"en:having"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Note: Before certain letters, in- becomes",
"text": "il- before l, e.g. illusion\nim- before b, m, or p, e.g. imperil\nir- before r, e.g. irrigate"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "intra-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "en-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "em-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "end-"
},
{
"sense": "within",
"word": "endo-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"English unproductive prefixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "inability"
},
{
"word": "inaccuracy"
},
{
"word": "inaccurate"
},
{
"word": "inadmissible"
},
{
"word": "inanimate"
},
{
"word": "incapable"
},
{
"word": "incredible"
},
{
"word": "incredulity"
},
{
"word": "incredulous"
},
{
"word": "indefinite"
},
{
"word": "inedible"
},
{
"word": "ineffable"
},
{
"word": "inequitable"
},
{
"word": "infinite"
},
{
"word": "inhospitable"
},
{
"word": "inimitable"
},
{
"word": "injustice"
},
{
"word": "insobriety"
},
{
"word": "intolerance"
},
{
"word": "inviolable"
},
{
"word": "invisible"
},
{
"word": "inadaptable"
},
{
"word": "inamiable"
},
{
"word": "incogent"
},
{
"word": "imbalanced"
},
{
"word": "inable"
},
{
"word": "inacceptable"
},
{
"word": "inaccordant"
},
{
"word": "inacquiescent"
},
{
"word": "inactivate"
},
{
"word": "inactivist"
},
{
"word": "inadaptive"
},
{
"word": "inaddible"
},
{
"word": "inadept"
},
{
"word": "inadequate"
},
{
"word": "inadherent"
},
{
"word": "inadmissibly"
},
{
"word": "inadventurous"
},
{
"word": "inadvisable"
},
{
"word": "inadvised"
},
{
"word": "inaesthetic"
},
{
"word": "inaffable"
},
{
"word": "inaffectation"
},
{
"word": "inaffected"
},
{
"word": "inaffectionate"
},
{
"word": "inaidable"
},
{
"word": "inalienable"
},
{
"word": "inalimental"
},
{
"word": "inamicable"
},
{
"word": "inamovable"
},
{
"word": "inamyloid"
},
{
"word": "inangular"
},
{
"word": "inanimated"
},
{
"word": "inapparent"
},
{
"word": "inappealable"
},
{
"word": "inappendiculate"
},
{
"word": "inapplicable"
},
{
"word": "inapposite"
},
{
"word": "inappreciable"
},
{
"word": "inappreciative"
},
{
"word": "inapprehensive"
},
{
"word": "inapproachable"
},
{
"word": "inappropriable"
},
{
"word": "inappropriate"
},
{
"word": "inarable"
},
{
"word": "inarguable"
},
{
"word": "inartful"
},
{
"word": "inarticulable"
},
{
"word": "inarticulate"
},
{
"word": "inarticulated"
},
{
"word": "inarticulation"
},
{
"word": "inartificial"
},
{
"word": "inartistic"
},
{
"word": "inaspirable"
},
{
"word": "inaudible"
},
{
"word": "inauspicious"
},
{
"word": "inauthentic"
},
{
"word": "inauthoritative"
},
{
"word": "inavertible"
},
{
"word": "inavoidable"
},
{
"word": "incalculable"
},
{
"word": "incapacious"
},
{
"word": "incapacity"
},
{
"word": "incautelous"
},
{
"word": "incautious"
},
{
"word": "incelibacy"
},
{
"word": "incelibate"
},
{
"word": "incensurable"
},
{
"word": "incertain"
},
{
"word": "inchangeability"
},
{
"word": "inchaste"
},
{
"word": "incircumscription"
},
{
"word": "incircumspect"
},
{
"word": "incirrate"
},
{
"word": "incivil"
},
{
"word": "incoagulable"
},
{
"word": "incoalescence"
},
{
"word": "incoercible"
},
{
"word": "incoexistence"
},
{
"word": "incogitative"
},
{
"word": "incognizable"
},
{
"word": "inimicable"
},
{
"word": "inactivism"
},
{
"word": "inappetent"
},
{
"word": "inclarity"
},
{
"word": "imbonity"
},
{
"word": "inabstinence"
},
{
"word": "inaccess"
},
{
"word": "inacquaintance"
},
{
"word": "inaction"
},
{
"word": "inadaptation"
},
{
"word": "inadhesion"
},
{
"word": "inæsthetical"
},
{
"word": "inanimation"
},
{
"word": "inaperturate"
},
{
"word": "inapparency"
},
{
"word": "inappetence"
},
{
"word": "inapplication"
},
{
"word": "inappreciation"
},
{
"word": "inapprehension"
},
{
"word": "inattendance"
},
{
"word": "inattentive"
},
{
"word": "incaution"
},
{
"word": "incelebrity"
},
{
"word": "inchastity"
},
{
"word": "incivism"
},
{
"word": "incognizance"
},
{
"word": "inannihilable"
},
{
"word": "inappellable"
},
{
"word": "inassimilable"
},
{
"word": "inactinic"
},
{
"word": "inaddibility"
},
{
"word": "inalterable"
},
{
"word": "inappeasable"
},
{
"word": "inapprehensible"
},
{
"word": "inapproximable"
},
{
"word": "inattributable"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ne"
},
"expansion": "*ne",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ne"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *ne",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"t": "not"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“not”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "un-"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of un-",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *ne\nFrom Middle English in-, borrowed (in words of latinate origin) from Latin in- (“not”). Sometimes the Latin word has passed through French before reaching English (e.g. incapable, incertainty, inclement, incompatible). Doublet of un-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
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{
"args": {},
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],
"lang": "English",
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"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "em-"
},
{
"word": "en-"
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{
"tags": [
"Greek"
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"word": "a-"
},
{
"word": "an-"
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{
"word": "non-"
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{
"word": "un-"
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{
"word": "wan-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
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"text": "inedible"
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{
"text": "inaccurate"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Added to adjectives to mean not."
],
"links": [
[
"reverse",
"reverse"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"(non-productive) Added to adjectives to mean not."
],
"senseid": [
"en:inverse",
"en:not"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "incredulity"
},
{
"text": "ineptitude"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Added to nouns to mean lacking or without."
],
"links": [
[
"reverse",
"reverse"
],
[
"lack",
"lack"
],
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Added to nouns to mean lacking or without."
],
"senseid": [
"en:inverse",
"en:absence"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "inannihilable is that cannot be annihilated, inappellable is that cannot be appealed against, inassimilable is that cannot be assimilated",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Cannot, unable."
],
"links": [
[
"reverse",
"reverse"
],
[
"Cannot",
"cannot"
],
[
"unable",
"unable"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning.",
"Cannot, unable."
],
"senseid": [
"en:inverse",
"en:cannot"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Note: Before certain letters, in- becomes",
"text": "ig- before n, e.g. ignoble\nil- before l, e.g. illegal\nim- before b, m, or p, e.g. improper\nir- before r, e.g. irresistible"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used with certain words to reverse their meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"reverse",
"reverse"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used with certain words to reverse their meaning."
],
"senseid": [
"en:inverse"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "an-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "dys-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "non-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "un-"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "an-",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ան-"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ne-"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "epä-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "a-",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "α-"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "an-",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "αν-"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "i",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "אִי"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bílti",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "בִּלְתִּי"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ne-"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"alt": "ふ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fu",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "不"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ikke-"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "u-"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "van-"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "ikkje-"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "u-"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "van-"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "mis-"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "nie-"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ne",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "не"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "o-"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "reversal of meaning",
"word": "in-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French prefixes",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"in-; un- (indicates negation)"
],
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ̃/",
"note": "before a consonant"
},
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"note": "before a consonant"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-in-.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"German terms borrowed from Latin",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*in"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *in",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*en"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *en",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "inne-"
},
"expansion": "inne-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *en. More at in and inne-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ein-"
},
{
"word": "inner-"
},
{
"word": "binnen-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + Land (“land”) → Inland (“domestic territory”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + Schrift (“writing”) → Inschrift (“inscription”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + Sasse (“someone who sits”) → Insasse (“passenger, inhabitant”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + Begriff (“concept”) → Inbegriff (“embodiment”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, inside, interior"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
],
[
"interior",
"interior"
]
],
"qualifier": "only in nouns",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, only in nouns) in, inside, interior"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "in verbs",
"word": "inne-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"German terms borrowed from Latin",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in-",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + filtrieren (“to filter”) → infiltrieren (“to infiltrate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
]
],
"qualifier": "rarely productive; only with Latinate stems; rarely productive; only with Latinate stems",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rarely productive, only with Latinate stems) in, into"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪn/"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"German terms borrowed from Latin",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in-",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + konsequent (“consistent”) → inkonsequent (“inconsistent”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in-, un- (indicates negation)"
],
"links": [
[
"in-",
"#English"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"qualifier": "rarely productive; only with Latinate stems; rarely productive; only with Latinate stems",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rarely productive, only with Latinate stems) in-, un- (indicates negation)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "un-"
},
{
"word": "nicht-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪn/"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌹𐌽-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌹𐌽-"
],
"links": [
[
"𐌹𐌽-",
"𐌹𐌽-#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch in-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "fr",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "French in-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch in-, from French in-, from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian prefixes",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from French",
"Indonesian terms derived from Latin",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"in-: used with certain words to reverse their meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɪn]"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "do-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"capable of, fit for, fit to be"
],
"links": [
[
"capable",
"capable"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "i"
},
"expansion": "i",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From i, in (“in”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "in-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "n-in-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "hin-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-h"
]
},
{
"form": "t-in-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-t"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msn"
},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"en-, in-, il-, im-, ir-"
],
"links": [
[
"en-",
"en-"
],
[
"in-",
"in-#English"
],
[
"il-",
"il-#English"
],
[
"im-",
"im-#English"
],
[
"ir-",
"ir-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"endo-"
],
"links": [
[
"endo-",
"endo-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"intra-"
],
"links": [
[
"intra-",
"intra-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "broad",
"word": "ion-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian prefixes",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Latin in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in",
"3": "",
"4": "in, into"
},
"expansion": "in (“in, into”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁én"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁én",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin in-, a prefixation of in (“in, into”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in-"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"used to denote derivation"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(forms verbs) used to denote derivation"
],
"raw_tags": [
"forms verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with obsolete senses",
"Italian terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"used as an intensifier"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, rare) used as an intensifier"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"obsolete",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/"
},
{
"ipa": "[iɱ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[iŋ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "assimilated form before b-/m-/p-",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"alt": "assimilated form before l-",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"alt": "assimilated form before r-",
"word": "ir-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian prefixes",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ne"
},
"expansion": "*ne",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin in- (“un-, not”), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-, zero grade form of the sentence negative *ne.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in-"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"used to denote negation or opposition or privation; un-; in-; a-"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"in-",
"in#English"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#Etymology_5"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/"
},
{
"ipa": "[iɱ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[iŋ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "assimilated form before b-/m-/p-",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"alt": "assimilated form before l-",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"alt": "assimilated form before r-",
"word": "ir-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin prefixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "in- -is"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: in-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "i-"
},
"expansion": "i-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "im-"
},
"expansion": "im-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: in- (sometimes i-, or im- before p, b and m)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: in-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: in-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: in-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in-",
"3": "ir-",
"4": "il-",
"5": "im-"
},
"expansion": "English: in-, ir-, il-, im-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: in-, ir-, il-, im-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: in-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "im-"
},
"expansion": "im-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "i-"
},
"expansion": "i-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ir-"
},
"expansion": "ir-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: in- (im- before p or b, i- before l, n, or m, and ir- before r)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "n-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sicilian: n-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "m-"
},
"expansion": "m-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "il-"
},
"expansion": "il-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "ir-"
},
"expansion": "ir-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Sicilian: n- (m- before p, b or m, il- before l, and ir- before r)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "in-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: in-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "im-"
},
"expansion": "im-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "i-"
},
"expansion": "i-",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ir-"
},
"expansion": "ir-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: in- (im- before p or b, i- before l, and ir- before r)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "not"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*ən-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *ən-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-",
"4": "",
"5": "not"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“not”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zero-grade"
},
"expansion": "zero-grade",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ne",
"3": "",
"4": "not"
},
"expansion": "*ne (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ne-"
},
"expansion": "ne-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "nē"
},
"expansion": "nē",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "nī"
},
"expansion": "nī",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Italic *ən-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“not”), zero-grade form of the negative particle *ne (“not”). Akin to ne-, nē, nī.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"un-, non-, not"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"non-",
"non-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɪn]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[in]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin prefixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "ãn-",
"3": "n-",
"4": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: ãn-, n-, an-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: ãn-, n-, an-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "en-"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: en-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: en-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in-"
},
"expansion": "English: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: in-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en-"
},
"expansion": "French: en-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: en-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "in-",
"3": "en-"
},
"expansion": "Italian: in-, en-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: in-, en-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "en-"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: en-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: en-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "în-"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: în-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: în-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en-"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: en-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: en-"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "in",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nPrefixation of the preposition in.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + hālō (“breathe”) → inhālō (“breathe in, inhale”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prepositional prefix, generally attached to verbs to derive new verbs with a range of meanings.",
"in, within, inside"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + gradior (“step, go”) → ingredior (“go into, enter”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + nūbō (“marry”) → innūbō (“marry into”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + cadō (“fall”) → incidō (“fall into, fall upon”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + pangō (“set, fix, settle, fasten”) → impingō (“fasten upon, dash against, strike against”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + flīgō (“strike”) → īnflīgō (“strike on, strike against, inflict, impose upon”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + vocō (“call”) → invocō (“call on, call upon, invoke”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prepositional prefix, generally attached to verbs to derive new verbs with a range of meanings.",
"against; into; on, upon; to, towards"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"into",
"into"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + crepō (“I rattle”) → increpō (“I rattle, rebuke”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prepositional prefix, generally attached to verbs to derive new verbs with a range of meanings.",
"Used as an intensifier."
],
"links": [
[
"intensifier",
"Appendix:Glossary#intensifier"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + ārēscō (“I am drying, am growing drier”) → inārēscō (“I start becoming dry, become somewhat dry”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prepositional prefix, generally attached to verbs to derive new verbs with a range of meanings.",
"Attached to inchoative verbs, can express the sense of a change being started or reaching partial completion"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɪn]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[in]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ind-"
},
{
"word": "indu-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin prefixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "after"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*énu",
"4": "",
"5": "along, after"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *énu (“along, after”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अनु",
"t": "after",
"tr": "ánu-"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अनु (ánu-, “after”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬥𐬎",
"3": "",
"4": "after; corresponding to"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬎 (anu, “after; corresponding to”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎠𐎵𐎺",
"ts": "anuv"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎠𐎵𐎺 (a-nu-v /anuv/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": ",",
"name": ","
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌽𐌿",
"3": "",
"4": "without"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌿 (inu, “without”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Indo-European *énu (“along, after”). Cognate with Sanskrit अनु (ánu-, “after”), Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬎 (anu, “after; corresponding to”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎵𐎺 (a-nu-v /anuv/), and Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌿 (inu, “without”) (whose meaning developed “along” > “past” > “without”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"after"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɪn]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/in/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[in]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "īn-"
},
{
"word": "ī-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "article"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "article",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "il-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Maltese 1-syllable words",
"Maltese articles",
"Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
"Maltese lemmas",
"Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of il-"
],
"links": [
[
"il-",
"il-#Maltese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪn/"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-n-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Ndebele lemmas",
"Northern Ndebele noun prefixes",
"Northern Ndebele prefixes",
"Northern Ndebele terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Northern Ndebele terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "personal prefixes"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"lang_code": "oj",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ni-"
},
{
"word": "gi-"
},
{
"word": "o-"
},
{
"word": "nin-"
},
{
"word": "nim-"
},
{
"word": "nindo-"
},
{
"word": "gido-"
},
{
"word": "odo-"
},
{
"word": "nind-"
},
{
"word": "gid-"
},
{
"word": "od-"
},
{
"word": "n-"
},
{
"word": "g-"
},
{
"word": "w-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "nin-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Ojibwe entries with incorrect language header",
"Ojibwe initials",
"Ojibwe lemmas",
"Ojibwe personal prefixes",
"Ojibwe prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of nin-"
],
"links": [
[
"nin-",
"nin-#Ojibwe"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English prefixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "in-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: in-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "in-"
},
"expansion": "English: in-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: in-"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "in",
"3": "",
"4": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From in (“in”). More at in.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "in-",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "in-"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "ang-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + ēþung (“breathing”) → inēþung (“inspiration”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in, into"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"into",
"into"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + coþu (“disease”) → incoþu (“internal disease”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + weorc (“work”) → inweorc (“indoor work”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"internal, inside"
],
"links": [
[
"internal",
"internal"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English prefixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*in-",
"4": "",
"5": "strong",
"pos": "adj"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *in- (“strong”, adj)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*indʰro-",
"4": "",
"5": "swelling; strong"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *indʰro- (“swelling; strong”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*oyd-",
"3": "",
"4": "to swell"
},
"expansion": "*oyd- (“to swell”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *in- (“strong”, adj), from Proto-Indo-European *indʰro- (“swelling; strong”), from *oyd- (“to swell”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "in-",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "in-"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "ang-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "in- + frōd (“wise”) → infrōd (“very wise”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "in- + dryhten (“noble”) → indryhten (“very noble”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"very"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"qualifier": "intensifying",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intensifying) very"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/in/"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish personal pronouns",
"Old Irish prefixes",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "in"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*en-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *en-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*eni-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *eni-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "hi",
"3": "i"
},
"expansion": "i",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ind-"
},
"expansion": "ind-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom conflated Proto-Celtic *en- and Proto-Celtic *eni-; these two are variants of the same prefix. Prefix form of i. Conflated with ind- quite early.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"in"
],
"links": [
[
"in",
"in"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "en-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish personal pronouns",
"Old Irish prefixes",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "not"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Celtic *an-. In is the regular outcome of *an before voiced stops unless lowered to an via a-affection.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "sga-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "un-, not",
"word": "an-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of an- (“un-, not”)"
],
"links": [
[
"an-",
"an-#Old Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"D. A. Binchy",
"Osborn Bergin"
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish personal pronouns",
"Old Irish prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "class C infixed pronoun",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "in- (class C infixed pronoun)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "C"
},
"expansion": "in- (class C infixed pronoun)",
"name": "sga-infixed pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "id-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of id-"
],
"links": [
[
"id-",
"id-#Old Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"class-C",
"infix",
"morpheme",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese prefixes",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"un-; not"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "before p or b",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"english": "before r",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"english": "before m, n or l",
"word": "i-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Dravidian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurukh-Malto:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmj",
"tr": "embe"
},
"expansion": "Kumarbhag Paharia: [script needed] (embe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumarbhag Paharia: [script needed] (embe)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kru",
"tr": "embā"
},
"expansion": "Kurukh: [script needed] (embā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kurukh: [script needed] (embā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brh",
"tr": "hanēn"
},
"expansion": "Brahui: [script needed] (hanēn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Brahui: [script needed] (hanēn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Dravidian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tcy",
"2": "ಇಮ್ಪು"
},
"expansion": "Tulu: ಇಮ್ಪು (impu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tulu: ಇಮ್ಪು (impu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tamil-Kannada:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಇನಿ",
"3": "ಇನಿದು"
},
"expansion": "Kannada: ಇನಿ (ini), ಇನಿದು (inidu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kannada: ಇನಿ (ini), ಇನಿದು (inidu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tamil-Malayalam:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ml",
"2": "ഇനിപ്പ്",
"3": "ഇനിവ്",
"4": "ഇൻപം",
"5": "ഇമ്പം"
},
"expansion": "Malayalam: ഇനിപ്പ് (inippŭ), ഇനിവ് (inivŭ), ഇൻപം (iṉpaṁ), ഇമ്പം (impaṁ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Malayalam: ഇനിപ്പ് (inippŭ), ഇനിവ് (inivŭ), ഇൻപം (iṉpaṁ), ഇമ്പം (impaṁ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "இனி",
"3": "இனிப்பு",
"4": "இனிய",
"5": "இனிமை",
"6": "இன்பம்"
},
"expansion": "Tamil: இனி (iṉi), இனிப்பு (iṉippu), இனிய (iṉiya), இனிமை (iṉimai), இன்பம் (iṉpam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tamil: இனி (iṉi), இனிப்பு (iṉippu), இனிய (iṉiya), இனிமை (iṉimai), இன்பம் (iṉpam)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South-Central Dravidian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "te",
"2": "ఇంచు",
"3": "ఇంపు"
},
"expansion": "Telugu: ఇంచు (iñcu), ఇంపు (impu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Telugu: ఇంచు (iñcu), ఇంపు (impu)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dra-pro",
"2": "adj"
},
"expansion": "*in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Dravidian",
"lang_code": "dra-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Dravidian/in-",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Dravidian adjectives",
"Proto-Dravidian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Dravidian lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"sweet"
],
"links": [
[
"sweet",
"sweet"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "in-",
"4": "",
"5": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin in- (“un-, not”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish prefixes",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"not (negation)"
],
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "before p or b",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"english": "before r",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"english": "before l",
"word": "i-"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-n-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"Swazi lemmas",
"Swazi noun prefixes",
"Swazi prefixes",
"Swazi terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Swazi terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜁᜈ᜔",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "in- (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"in-"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tagalog 1-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog prefixes",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"Tagalog terms without tl-pr template"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-in-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prefix form of -in-."
],
"links": [
[
"-in-",
"-in-#Tagalog"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"prefix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʔin/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔɪn]"
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-n-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "in-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"Xhosa lemmas",
"Xhosa noun prefixes",
"Xhosa prefixes",
"Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-n-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-n-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ín-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes",
"head": "ín-"
},
"expansion": "ín-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"Zulu lemmas",
"Zulu noun prefixes",
"Zulu prefixes",
"Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "in-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.