See an- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for an- meaning in All languages combined (44.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂en-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old English an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on-",
"3": "",
"4": "on-"
},
"expansion": "on- (“on-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ana-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ana-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ana-",
"4": "",
"5": "on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ana- (“on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "on"
},
"expansion": "on",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English an-, from Old English an-, on- (“on-”), from Proto-West Germanic *ana-, from Proto-Germanic *ana- (“on”). More at on.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "on-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ancome, aneal, anent"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of on-"
],
"id": "en-an--en-prefix-AaXOIovP",
"links": [
[
"on-",
"on-#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "on-"
},
{
"word": "a-"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἀν-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-). Doublet of un- and in- .",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "anti-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "non-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "un-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"not; used to make words that have a sense opposite to the word (or stem) to which the prefix is attached. Used with stems that begin with vowels and \"h\"."
],
"id": "en-an--en-prefix-RR1izCfF",
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "dys-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "non-"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"sense": "not",
"word": "un-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 27 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "anoxia (without oxygen), anandrous (without male parts)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Without, lacking."
],
"id": "en-an--en-prefix-d3h7NHEC",
"links": [
[
"Without",
"without"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"sense": "without",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"sense": "without",
"word": "-less"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"sense": "without",
"word": "-free"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ãn-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ãn-"
],
"id": "en-an--rup-prefix-7TghKHkk",
"links": [
[
"ãn-",
"ãn-#Aromanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nci",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Classical Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Subject prefix for verbs; it indicates that the subject is second-person plural; you, you all."
],
"id": "en-an--nci-prefix-6qceyokG",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"you all",
"you all"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "when followed by a vowel or a consonant which is labial",
"word": "am-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"un-, non-"
],
"id": "en-an--kw-prefix--4FerMLR",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"non-",
"non-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἀ-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀν-"
},
"expansion": "ἀν- (an-)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an-: Not, without, opposite of."
],
"id": "en-an--nl-prefix-6ZCdLgdI",
"links": [
[
"an-",
"an-#English"
],
[
"Not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-an-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/Nl-an-.ogg/Nl-an-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Nl-an-.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in-, an-. Alternative form of a- before a vowel or h"
],
"id": "en-an--fr-prefix-NyCYDXki",
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-"
],
[
"an-",
"an-#English"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an‿/"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "an"
},
"expansion": "an",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "ane",
"4": "an(e)"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German an(e)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ana"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ana",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ana"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ana",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "aan-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch aan-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "on-"
},
"expansion": "English on-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the preposition an, from Middle High German an(e), from Proto-West Germanic *ana, from Proto-Germanic *ana. Compare Dutch aan-, English on-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "seperable verb prefix"
},
"expansion": "an- (seperable verb prefix)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + schrauben (“to screw”) → anschrauben (“to screw on, attach by screwing”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + schreien (“to shout”) → anschreien (“to shout at”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + bauen (“to build”) → anbauen (“to attach, expand, build next to”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onto, at, towards (the object)"
],
"id": "en-an--de-prefix-NolJLH6z",
"links": [
[
"onto",
"onto"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "ab-"
},
{
"word": "weg-"
},
{
"word": "fort-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 52 28 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + ziehen (“to pull”) → anziehen (“to attract, pull towards one”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + kaufen (“to buy”) → ankaufen (“to buy so as to form a stock, buy up”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near, over, towards (the subject)"
],
"id": "en-an--de-prefix-YMKpRdRS",
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"over",
"over"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "her-"
},
{
"word": "herbei-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "durch-"
},
{
"word": "fertig-"
},
{
"word": "weg-"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + knabbern (“to nibble”) → anknabbern (“to nibble part of, start to nibble”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + braten (“to fry”) → anbraten (“to sear, fry outwardly or slightly”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + zahlen (“to pay”) → anzahlen (“to pay down, pay part of”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expresses a beginning, partial or slight action"
],
"id": "en-an--de-prefix-nquqZKYP",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "aus-"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + stellen (“to put”) → anstellen (“to turn on”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on, in use"
],
"id": "en-an--de-prefix-34kUfeY0",
"links": [
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"in use",
"in use"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔan]"
},
{
"homophone": "an"
},
{
"ipa": "/aːn/"
},
{
"audio": "De-an-.OGG",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/De-an-.OGG/De-an-.OGG.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/De-an-.OGG",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "an",
"3": "",
"4": "at, on"
},
"expansion": "an (“at, on”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an (“at, on”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"at, on"
],
"id": "en-an--io-prefix-u9cwsAJ3",
"links": [
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"on",
"on"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "un"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Old Irish an-, from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"very"
],
"id": "en-an--ga-prefix-ga:very",
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"qualifier": "always spelled with a hyphen",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with adjectives, always spelled with a hyphen) very"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with adjectives"
],
"senseid": [
"ga:very"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fíor-"
},
{
"word": "rí-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"over-, excessively, intensely"
],
"id": "en-an--ga-prefix-ga:excessively",
"links": [
[
"over-",
"over-"
],
[
"excessively",
"excessively"
],
[
"intensely",
"intensely"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with adjectives) over-, excessively, intensely"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with adjectives"
],
"senseid": [
"ga:excessively"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 90 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"great, excessive"
],
"id": "en-an--ga-prefix-ga:great",
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"excessive",
"excessive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with nouns) great, excessive"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with nouns"
],
"senseid": [
"ga:great"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑn̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑːn/",
"tags": [
"Aran"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈan̪ˠ/",
"tags": [
"Connemara",
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "form used before consonants in Munster",
"word": "ana-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "not"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "an-, in-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish an-, in-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Old Irish an-, in-, from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spelled without a hyphen",
"tags": [
"usually"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "usually spelled without a hyphen"
},
"expansion": "an- (usually spelled without a hyphen)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"in-, un-, not"
],
"id": "en-an--ga-prefix-ga:un_",
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"senseid": [
"ga:un-"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bad, unnatural"
],
"id": "en-an--ga-prefix-ga:bad",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
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]
],
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],
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]
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]
},
{
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]
},
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"Ulster"
]
}
],
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}
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}
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{
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},
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"ipa": "[ɑn]"
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}
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],
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"1": "ang",
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],
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"form": "ān-",
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{
"text": "ān- + -hende (“handed”) → ānhende (“one-handed”)"
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{
"text": "ān- + horn (“horn”) → ānhorn (“unicorn”)"
},
{
"text": "ān- + -īeġe (“-eyed”) → ānīeġe (“one-eyed”)"
},
{
"text": "ān- + -mōd (“-minded”) → ānmōd (“unanimous”)"
},
{
"text": "ān- + -nes (“-ness”) → ānnes (“unity”)"
},
{
"text": "ān- + wīġ (“battle”) → ānwīġ (“duel”)"
},
{
"text": "ān- + -wille (“-willed”) → ānwille (“stubborn”)"
},
{
"text": "ān- + -wintre (“years old”) → ānwintre (“one year old”)"
}
],
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],
[
"mono-",
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[
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},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ān- + *genġa (“walker”) → āngenġa (“loner”)"
},
{
"text": "ān- + *setla (“settler”) → ānsetla (“hermit”)"
}
],
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"lone, alone"
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[
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[
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"ipa": "/ɑːn/"
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{
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[
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[
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],
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"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
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"descendants": [
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"depth": 1,
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{
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}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nUncertain. Maybe related to Welsh en- and Gaulish ande- in proper names Andecarus (literally “very dear”) and Anderoudus (literally “very red”). Considered the same word as an- (“un-”) by DIL (see Further reading).",
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Unknown",
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],
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{
"english": "from the front",
"word": "anair"
},
{
"english": "from beyond",
"word": "anall"
},
{
"english": "from the right",
"word": "andess"
},
{
"english": "from outside",
"word": "anechtar"
},
{
"english": "from the back",
"word": "aníar"
},
{
"english": "from below",
"word": "aníos"
},
{
"english": "from the left",
"word": "antúaid"
},
{
"english": "from where?",
"word": "can"
},
{
"english": "then",
"word": "dano"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denoting a movement away from some reference point, used to form adverbs of place, for example anúas (“from above”)"
],
"id": "en-an--sga-prefix-GFPMtqwO",
"links": [
[
"anúas",
"anúas#Old Irish"
]
],
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"word": "s-"
},
{
"word": "t-"
}
],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
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}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "a- used before words beginning with vowels"
}
],
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-an--pi-prefix-Qa3HFZaf",
"links": [
[
"a-",
"a-#Pali"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀅𑀦𑁆-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "अन्-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "অন্-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "අන්-"
},
{
"word": "အန်-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ဢၼ်-"
},
{
"word": "อนฺ-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character"
],
"word": "อัน-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᩋᨶ᩺-"
},
{
"word": "ອນ຺-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lao",
"character"
],
"word": "ອັນ-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "អន៑-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄃𑄚𑄴-"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ppl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pipil",
"lang_code": "ppl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pipil entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you work at the cornfield?",
"text": "Antekitit tik ne mil?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, second-person plural subject marker."
],
"id": "en-an--ppl-prefix-OKUmRkOE",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal) you, second-person plural subject marker."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ni-"
},
{
"word": "ti-"
},
{
"alt": "shi-",
"word": "ti-"
},
{
"word": "-"
},
{
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun"
],
"word": "anmejemet"
},
{
"english": "object marker",
"word": "metzin-"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"suffix",
"verb"
],
"word": "-t"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἀ-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀν-"
},
"expansion": "ἀν- (an-)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-",
"t": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ne",
"t": "not"
},
"expansion": "*ne (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "nie"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of nie",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-, not”), zero-grade form of *ne (“not”). Doublet of nie.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"an"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming words with the sense of negation, an-"
],
"id": "en-an--pl-prefix-YVuho57t",
"links": [
[
"an-",
"an-#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "a-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ofs",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ana-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ana-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "oan-"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian oan-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "German an-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Frisian an-, from Proto-West Germanic *ana-. Cognates include West Frisian oan- and German an-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Saterland Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "an"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Combining form of an"
],
"id": "en-an--stq-prefix-RYO~Msk6",
"links": [
[
"an",
"an#Saterland Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"in-compounds",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an-/"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "an-fhoiseil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "sga",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish an-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish an-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ao-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "do-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "eu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mì-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "neo-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"un-, anti-"
],
"id": "en-an--gd-prefix-FyiU1szE",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"anti-",
"anti-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bad, unnatural"
],
"id": "en-an--gd-prefix-N5drGOBP",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"unnatural",
"unnatural"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ana-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ain-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "sga",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish an-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish an-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 4 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "an-mhòr"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to emphasise the root."
],
"id": "en-an--gd-prefix-ZfpoC~eE",
"links": [
[
"emphasise",
"emphasise#English"
],
[
"root",
"root#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ana-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ain-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an-"
],
"id": "en-an--es-prefix-I81EBBFl",
"links": [
[
"an-",
"an-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "and-"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish and-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Old Swedish and- meaning “against/towards”.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against, towards"
],
"id": "en-an--sv-prefix-2PNVRe68",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Cornish an-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh an-, from Proto-Brythonic *an-, from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Cognate with Cornish an-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "61 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + parch (“respect”) → amarch (“disrespect”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + prisiadwy (“valuable”) → amhrisiadwy (“invaluable”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + teg (“fair”) → annheg (“unfair”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + cofio (“to remember”) → anghofio (“to forget”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + diwedd (“end”) → anniwedd (“endless”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + gwybod (“to know”) → anwybod (“ignorance”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + mantais (“advantage”) → anfantais (“disadvantage”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not, un-, non-, an-, dis-, negative prefix"
],
"id": "en-an--cy-prefix-e~zx4Cot",
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"non-",
"non-"
],
[
"an-",
"an-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "used before ''gl'', ''ll'', ''rh'', and consonantal ''i''",
"word": "af-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ande-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ande-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*ando-",
"3": "",
"4": "inside"
},
"expansion": "*ando- (“inside”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ande-, *ando- (“inside”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "han-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-h"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"intensive prefix"
],
"id": "en-an--cy-prefix-XqENjeyK",
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"in-, inside, inward"
],
"id": "en-an--cy-prefix-V40rpUdI",
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
],
[
"inward",
"inward"
]
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"allomorph of ön- (negative/sociative irrealis prefix) used for stems that begin with a or e."
],
"id": "en-an--mch-prefix-lm8jmxBo",
"links": [
[
"ön-",
"ön-#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[an-]"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *an-\nBreton: an-\nMiddle Welsh: an-\nWelsh: an-, af-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *an-\nBreton: an-\nMiddle Welsh: an-\nWelsh: an-, af-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: an-, am-, é-, in-\nIrish: an-\nScottish Gaelic: an-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: an-, am-, é-, in-\nIrish: an-\nScottish Gaelic: an-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/an-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"un-, not"
],
"id": "en-an--cel-pro-prefix-91bXtNmE",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Breton: an-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: an-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: an-\nWelsh: an-, af-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: an-\nWelsh: an-, af-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "andagin",
"3": "",
"4": "worthless",
"pos": "accusative singular feminine"
},
"expansion": "andagin (“worthless”, accusative singular feminine)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier an- (found in andagin (“worthless”, accusative singular feminine) of the Bath curse tablets), from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/an-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Brythonic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"un-, not"
],
"id": "en-an--cel-bry-pro-prefix-91bXtNmE",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬥"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬥 (an)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬥 (an)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ne-"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: ne-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: ne-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎠𐎴",
"ts": "an"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎠𐎴 (a-n /an/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎠𐎴 (a-n /an/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "ʾn",
"tr": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: ʾn (an-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: ʾn (an-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫀𐫗",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫗 (ʾn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫗 (ʾn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ʾn"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*a-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *a-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *a-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/an-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "used before a vowel sound",
"word": "a-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of *a- (used before a vowel sound)"
],
"id": "en-an--ira-pro-prefix-INxxpjCg",
"links": [
[
"*a-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/a-#Prefix"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "a-"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ykg",
"2": "аруу"
},
"expansion": "Northern Yukaghir: аруу (aruu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Yukaghir: аруу (aruu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yux",
"2": "ажуу"
},
"expansion": "Southern Yukaghir: ажуу (ažū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Yukaghir: ажуу (ažū)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*äne"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *äne",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Has been compared to Proto-Uralic *äne.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yuk-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Yukaghir",
"lang_code": "qfa-yuk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Yukaghir/an-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Yukaghir entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Yukaghir roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"speech"
],
"id": "en-an--qfa-yuk-pro-root-BfthetVD",
"links": [
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ãn-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Aromanian lemmas",
"Aromanian prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ãn-"
],
"links": [
[
"ãn-",
"ãn-#Aromanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nci",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Classical Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"Classical Nahuatl lemmas",
"Classical Nahuatl prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Subject prefix for verbs; it indicates that the subject is second-person plural; you, you all."
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"you all",
"you all"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "when followed by a vowel or a consonant which is labial",
"word": "am-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"un-, non-"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"non-",
"non-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἀ-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀν-"
},
"expansion": "ἀν- (an-)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch prefixes",
"Dutch terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"an-: Not, without, opposite of."
],
"links": [
[
"an-",
"an-#English"
],
[
"Not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑn/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-an-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/Nl-an-.ogg/Nl-an-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Nl-an-.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂en-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old English an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on-",
"3": "",
"4": "on-"
},
"expansion": "on- (“on-”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ana-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ana-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ana-",
"4": "",
"5": "on"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ana- (“on”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "on"
},
"expansion": "on",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English an-, from Old English an-, on- (“on-”), from Proto-West Germanic *ana-, from Proto-Germanic *ana- (“on”). More at on.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "on-"
}
],
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ancome, aneal, anent"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of on-"
],
"links": [
[
"on-",
"on-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "on-"
},
{
"word": "a-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἀν-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-). Doublet of un- and in- .",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "a-"
},
{
"word": "anti-"
},
{
"word": "in-"
},
{
"word": "non-"
},
{
"word": "un-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"not; used to make words that have a sense opposite to the word (or stem) to which the prefix is attached. Used with stems that begin with vowels and \"h\"."
],
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "anoxia (without oxygen), anandrous (without male parts)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Without, lacking."
],
"links": [
[
"Without",
"without"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "dys-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "il-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "im-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "in-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "ir-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "mal-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "non-"
},
{
"sense": "not",
"word": "un-"
},
{
"sense": "without",
"word": "ex-"
},
{
"sense": "without",
"word": "-less"
},
{
"sense": "without",
"word": "-free"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "fr-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French prefixes",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"in-, an-. Alternative form of a- before a vowel or h"
],
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-"
],
[
"an-",
"an-#English"
],
[
"a-",
"a-#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an‿/"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"German terms with audio links",
"German terms with homophones"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "an"
},
"expansion": "an",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "ane",
"4": "an(e)"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German an(e)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ana"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ana",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ana"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ana",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "aan-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch aan-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "on-"
},
"expansion": "English on-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the preposition an, from Middle High German an(e), from Proto-West Germanic *ana, from Proto-Germanic *ana. Compare Dutch aan-, English on-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "seperable verb prefix"
},
"expansion": "an- (seperable verb prefix)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + schrauben (“to screw”) → anschrauben (“to screw on, attach by screwing”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + schreien (“to shout”) → anschreien (“to shout at”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + bauen (“to build”) → anbauen (“to attach, expand, build next to”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onto, at, towards (the object)"
],
"links": [
[
"onto",
"onto"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "ab-"
},
{
"word": "weg-"
},
{
"word": "fort-"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + ziehen (“to pull”) → anziehen (“to attract, pull towards one”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + kaufen (“to buy”) → ankaufen (“to buy so as to form a stock, buy up”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near, over, towards (the subject)"
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"over",
"over"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "her-"
},
{
"word": "herbei-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "durch-"
},
{
"word": "fertig-"
},
{
"word": "weg-"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + knabbern (“to nibble”) → anknabbern (“to nibble part of, start to nibble”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + braten (“to fry”) → anbraten (“to sear, fry outwardly or slightly”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + zahlen (“to pay”) → anzahlen (“to pay down, pay part of”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expresses a beginning, partial or slight action"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "aus-"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + stellen (“to put”) → anstellen (“to turn on”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on, in use"
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"in use",
"in use"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʔan]"
},
{
"homophone": "an"
},
{
"ipa": "/aːn/"
},
{
"audio": "De-an-.OGG",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/De-an-.OGG/De-an-.OGG.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/De-an-.OGG",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "an",
"3": "",
"4": "at, on"
},
"expansion": "an (“at, on”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an (“at, on”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"Ido lemmas",
"Ido prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"at, on"
],
"links": [
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"on",
"on"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish prefixes",
"Irish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "un"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Old Irish an-, from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"very"
],
"links": [
[
"very",
"very"
]
],
"qualifier": "always spelled with a hyphen",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with adjectives, always spelled with a hyphen) very"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with adjectives"
],
"senseid": [
"ga:very"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fíor-"
},
{
"word": "rí-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"over-, excessively, intensely"
],
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{
"text": "ān- + -īeġe (“-eyed”) → ānīeġe (“one-eyed”)"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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],
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],
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"english": "from beyond",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "from"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nUnknown.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "sga-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "s-"
},
{
"word": "t-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"denoting a movement away from some reference point, used to form adverbs of place, for example anúas (“from above”)"
],
"links": [
[
"anúas",
"anúas#Old Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "a- used before words beginning with vowels"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of a- used before words beginning with vowels"
],
"links": [
[
"a-",
"a-#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Brahmi",
"character"
],
"word": "𑀅𑀦𑁆-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"character"
],
"word": "अन्-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Bengali"
],
"word": "অন্-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Sinhalese",
"character"
],
"word": "අන්-"
},
{
"word": "အန်-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Burmese",
"character"
],
"word": "ဢၼ်-"
},
{
"word": "อนฺ-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Thai",
"character"
],
"word": "อัน-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tai-Tham",
"character"
],
"word": "ᩋᨶ᩺-"
},
{
"word": "ອນ຺-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lao",
"character"
],
"word": "ອັນ-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Khmer",
"character"
],
"word": "អន៑-"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chakma",
"character"
],
"word": "𑄃𑄚𑄴-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ppl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Pipil",
"lang_code": "ppl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ni-"
},
{
"word": "ti-"
},
{
"alt": "shi-",
"word": "ti-"
},
{
"word": "-"
},
{
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun"
],
"word": "anmejemet"
},
{
"english": "object marker",
"word": "metzin-"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"suffix",
"verb"
],
"word": "-t"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pipil entries with incorrect language header",
"Pipil lemmas",
"Pipil prefixes",
"Pipil terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pipil terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you work at the cornfield?",
"text": "Antekitit tik ne mil?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, second-person plural subject marker."
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal) you, second-person plural subject marker."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"personal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "ἀ-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀν-"
},
"expansion": "ἀν- (an-)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-",
"t": "un-, not"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-, not”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ne",
"t": "not"
},
"expansion": "*ne (“not”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "nie"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of nie",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-) (ἀν- (an-) immediately preceding a vowel), from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-, not”), zero-grade form of *ne (“not”). Doublet of nie.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"an"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prefixes",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/an",
"Rhymes:Polish/an/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"forming words with the sense of negation, an-"
],
"links": [
[
"an-",
"an-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-an"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "a-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Breton: an-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: an-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: an-\nWelsh: an-, af-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: an-\nWelsh: an-, af-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "andagin",
"3": "",
"4": "worthless",
"pos": "accusative singular feminine"
},
"expansion": "andagin (“worthless”, accusative singular feminine)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier an- (found in andagin (“worthless”, accusative singular feminine) of the Bath curse tablets), from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/an-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Brythonic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Brythonic lemmas",
"Proto-Brythonic prefixes",
"Proto-Brythonic terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Proto-Brythonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Brythonic terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Proto-Brythonic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"un-, not"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *an-\nBreton: an-\nMiddle Welsh: an-\nWelsh: an-, af-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *an-\nBreton: an-\nMiddle Welsh: an-\nWelsh: an-, af-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: an-, am-, é-, in-\nIrish: an-\nScottish Gaelic: an-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: an-, am-, é-, in-\nIrish: an-\nScottish Gaelic: an-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/an-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic prefixes",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"un-, not"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬥"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬥 (an)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬀𐬥 (an)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "ne-"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: ne-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: ne-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎠𐎴",
"ts": "an"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎠𐎴 (a-n /an/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎠𐎴 (a-n /an/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "ʾn",
"tr": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: ʾn (an-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: ʾn (an-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫀𐫗",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫗 (ʾn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫗 (ʾn)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ʾn"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*a-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *a-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *a-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/an-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Iranian links with manual fragments",
"Proto-Iranian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Proto-Iranian prefixes",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "used before a vowel sound",
"word": "a-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of *a- (used before a vowel sound)"
],
"links": [
[
"*a-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/a-#Prefix"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "a-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ykg",
"2": "аруу"
},
"expansion": "Northern Yukaghir: аруу (aruu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Yukaghir: аруу (aruu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yux",
"2": "ажуу"
},
"expansion": "Southern Yukaghir: ажуу (ažū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Yukaghir: ажуу (ažū)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*äne"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *äne",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Has been compared to Proto-Uralic *äne.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yuk-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Yukaghir",
"lang_code": "qfa-yuk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Yukaghir/an-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Yukaghir entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Yukaghir lemmas",
"Proto-Yukaghir roots"
],
"glosses": [
"speech"
],
"links": [
[
"speech",
"speech"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ofs",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ana-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ana-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "oan-"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian oan-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "German an-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Frisian an-, from Proto-West Germanic *ana-. Cognates include West Frisian oan- and German an-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Saterland Frisian combining forms",
"Saterland Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"Saterland Frisian lemmas",
"Saterland Frisian prefixes",
"Saterland Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian",
"Saterland Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Saterland Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian",
"Saterland Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Saterland Frisian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "an"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Combining form of an"
],
"links": [
[
"an",
"an#Saterland Frisian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"in-compounds",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an-/"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"Scottish Gaelic lemmas",
"Scottish Gaelic prefixes",
"Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Old Irish",
"Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Old Irish"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "an-fhoiseil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "sga",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish an-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish an-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ao-"
},
{
"word": "do-"
},
{
"word": "eu-"
},
{
"word": "mì-"
},
{
"word": "neo-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"un-, anti-"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"anti-",
"anti-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bad, unnatural"
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"unnatural",
"unnatural"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ana-"
},
{
"word": "ain-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"Scottish Gaelic lemmas",
"Scottish Gaelic prefixes",
"Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Old Irish",
"Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Old Irish"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "an-mhòr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "sga",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish an-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish an-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to emphasise the root."
],
"links": [
[
"emphasise",
"emphasise#English"
],
[
"root",
"root#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ana-"
},
{
"word": "ain-"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"an-"
],
"links": [
[
"an-",
"an-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "and-"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish and-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Old Swedish and- meaning “against/towards”.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish prefixes",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish"
],
"glosses": [
"against, towards"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh prefixes",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*an-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*n̥-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "an-"
},
"expansion": "Cornish an-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh an-, from Proto-Brythonic *an-, from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Cognate with Cornish an-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "an- + parch (“respect”) → amarch (“disrespect”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + prisiadwy (“valuable”) → amhrisiadwy (“invaluable”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + teg (“fair”) → annheg (“unfair”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + cofio (“to remember”) → anghofio (“to forget”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + diwedd (“end”) → anniwedd (“endless”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + gwybod (“to know”) → anwybod (“ignorance”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "an- + mantais (“advantage”) → anfantais (“disadvantage”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not, un-, non-, an-, dis-, negative prefix"
],
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"non-",
"non-"
],
[
"an-",
"an-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "used before ''gl'', ''ll'', ''rh'', and consonantal ''i''",
"word": "af-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh prefixes",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ande-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ande-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*ando-",
"3": "",
"4": "inside"
},
"expansion": "*ando- (“inside”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ande-, *ando- (“inside”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "han-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"prothesis-h"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"intensive prefix"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"in-, inside, inward"
],
"links": [
[
"in-",
"in-"
],
[
"inside",
"inside"
],
[
"inward",
"inward"
]
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/an/"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "an-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"Ye'kwana lemmas",
"Ye'kwana prefixes",
"Ye'kwana terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"allomorph of ön- (negative/sociative irrealis prefix) used for stems that begin with a or e."
],
"links": [
[
"ön-",
"ön-#Ye'kwana"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[an-]"
}
],
"word": "an-"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: seperable verb prefix",
"path": [
"an-"
],
"section": "German",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "an-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: unchanged, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"an-"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "an-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: unchanged, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"an-"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "an-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: han-, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"an-"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "an-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.