"an-" meaning in Welsh

See an- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

IPA: /an/
Etymology: From Middle Welsh an-, from Proto-Brythonic *an-, from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Cognate with Cornish an-. Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|wlm|an-}} Middle Welsh an-, {{inh|cy|cel-bry-pro|*an-}} Proto-Brythonic *an-, {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*an-}} Proto-Celtic *an-, {{inh|cy|ine-pro|*n̥-}} Proto-Indo-European *n̥-, {{cog|kw|an-}} Cornish an- Head templates: {{head|cy|prefix}} an-
  1. not, un-, non-, an-, dis-, negative prefix Tags: morpheme Synonyms: af- (english: used before ''gl'', ''ll'', ''rh'', and consonantal ''i'')
    Sense id: en-an--cy-prefix-e~zx4Cot Categories (other): Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 60 12 28
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Prefix

IPA: /an/ Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], an- [error-unrecognized-form], han- [prothesis-h]
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *ande-, *ando- (“inside”). Etymology templates: {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*ande-}} Proto-Celtic *ande- Head templates: {{head|cy|prefix}} an-, {{tlb|cy|not productive}} (not productive) Inflection templates: {{cy-mut}}
  1. intensive prefix Tags: idiomatic, morpheme
    Sense id: en-an--cy-prefix-XqENjeyK
  2. in-, inside, inward Tags: idiomatic, morpheme
    Sense id: en-an--cy-prefix-V40rpUdI
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh an-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *an-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*n̥-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish an-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh an-, from Proto-Brythonic *an-, from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Cognate with Cornish an-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "an-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "60 12 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "an- + parch (“respect”) → amarch (“disrespect”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + prisiadwy (“valuable”) → amhrisiadwy (“invaluable”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + teg (“fair”) → annheg (“unfair”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + cofio (“to remember”) → anghofio (“to forget”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + diwedd (“end”) → anniwedd (“endless”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + gwybod (“to know”) → anwybod (“ignorance”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + mantais (“advantage”) → anfantais (“disadvantage”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "not, un-, non-, an-, dis-, negative prefix"
      ],
      "id": "en-an--cy-prefix-e~zx4Cot",
      "links": [
        [
          "not",
          "not"
        ],
        [
          "un-",
          "un-"
        ],
        [
          "non-",
          "non-"
        ],
        [
          "an-",
          "an-"
        ],
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "used before ''gl'', ''ll'', ''rh'', and consonantal ''i''",
          "word": "af-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/an/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "an-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ande-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ande-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ande-, *ando- (“inside”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an-",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "han-",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "prothesis-h"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "an-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "not productive"
      },
      "expansion": "(not productive)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "intensive prefix"
      ],
      "id": "en-an--cy-prefix-XqENjeyK",
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in-, inside, inward"
      ],
      "id": "en-an--cy-prefix-V40rpUdI",
      "links": [
        [
          "in-",
          "in-"
        ],
        [
          "inside",
          "inside"
        ],
        [
          "inward",
          "inward"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/an/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "an-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 26 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh prefixes",
    "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh an-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *an-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *an-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*n̥-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *n̥-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "an-"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish an-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh an-, from Proto-Brythonic *an-, from Proto-Celtic *an-, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥-. Cognate with Cornish an-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "an-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "an- + parch (“respect”) → amarch (“disrespect”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + prisiadwy (“valuable”) → amhrisiadwy (“invaluable”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + teg (“fair”) → annheg (“unfair”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + cofio (“to remember”) → anghofio (“to forget”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + diwedd (“end”) → anniwedd (“endless”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + gwybod (“to know”) → anwybod (“ignorance”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "an- + mantais (“advantage”) → anfantais (“disadvantage”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "not, un-, non-, an-, dis-, negative prefix"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "not",
          "not"
        ],
        [
          "un-",
          "un-"
        ],
        [
          "non-",
          "non-"
        ],
        [
          "an-",
          "an-"
        ],
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "used before ''gl'', ''ll'', ''rh'', and consonantal ''i''",
          "word": "af-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/an/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "an-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 26 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh prefixes",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ande-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ande-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ande-, *ando- (“inside”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an-",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "han-",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "prothesis-h"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "an-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "not productive"
      },
      "expansion": "(not productive)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "intensive prefix"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in-, inside, inward"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "in-",
          "in-"
        ],
        [
          "inside",
          "inside"
        ],
        [
          "inward",
          "inward"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/an/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "an-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for an- meaning in Welsh (3.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: an-/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "an-"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "prefix",
  "title": "an-",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: an-/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "an-"
  ],
  "section": "Welsh",
  "subsection": "prefix",
  "title": "an-",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.