See af- on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "af-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse af-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ab-"
},
"expansion": "German ab-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "av-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish av-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse af-. Compare German ab-, Swedish av-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "prefix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "da-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tabuisere (“to taboo”) -> aftabuisere (“to detaboo”)"
},
{
"text": "klassificere (“classify, make classified (secret)”) -> afklassificere (“declassify, make unclassified”)"
},
{
"text": "militarisere (“militarize”) -> afmilitarisere (“demilitarize”)"
},
{
"text": "mystificere (“mystify”) -> afmystificere (“demystify”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"de-, to cause to cease to be"
],
"id": "en-af--da-prefix-8-9~uA4H",
"links": [
[
"de-",
"de-"
],
[
"cease",
"cease"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 57 0 0 0 1 0 15 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 70 0 0 0 1 0 11 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rive (“rip”) -> afrive (“rip off”)"
},
{
"text": "skrælle (“peel”) -> afskrælle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"off, from (signifies removal)"
],
"id": "en-af--da-prefix-U8O-stmX",
"links": [
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"from",
"from"
],
[
"removal",
"removal"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑʊ̯/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "de-"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "afbieden"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ab"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ab",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *ab.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"de-, en-"
],
"id": "en-af--nl-prefix-k4GjvPEU",
"links": [
[
"de-",
"de-"
],
[
"en-",
"en-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefix) de-, en-"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"prefix"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"down"
],
"id": "en-af--nl-prefix-kIrsRRLY",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"off"
],
"id": "en-af--nl-prefix-tNxm3egG",
"links": [
[
"off",
"off"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-af-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/Nl-af-.ogg/Nl-af-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Nl-af-.ogg"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌰𐍆-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌰𐍆-"
],
"id": "en-af--got-romanization-1ICAQAO~",
"links": [
[
"𐌰𐍆-",
"𐌰𐍆-#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "af-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse af-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aba-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse af-, from Proto-Germanic *aba-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "prefix",
"sort": "af"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"de-"
],
"id": "en-af--is-prefix-bHyz0YnA",
"links": [
[
"de-",
"de-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aba-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *aba-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "ang-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to come from, originate from",
"text": "ofcuman, afcuman",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"away, off, from, away from"
],
"id": "en-af--ang-prefix-y693FMmf",
"links": [
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"from",
"from"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "of-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑf/"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aba-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "æf-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse æf-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *aba-. Cognate with Old Norse æf-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"away, off, from, away from"
],
"id": "en-af--non-prefix-y693FMmf",
"links": [
[
"away",
"away#English"
],
[
"off",
"off#English"
],
[
"from",
"from#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"excessively, negatively"
],
"id": "en-af--non-prefix-IN4AEVuV",
"links": [
[
"excessively",
"excessively#English"
],
[
"negatively",
"negatively#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aba-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂epó",
"4": "",
"5": "off, away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *aba-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "afgevan/afgeƀan (“to give up, surrender”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming verbs and adjectives with the sense of \"off\", \"away\", \"from\", \"out of\", \"away from\""
],
"id": "en-af--osx-prefix-OyZYCqaF",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "afbrekan (“break down, pluck”)"
},
{
"text": "afheldian (“go down, end”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down"
],
"id": "en-af--osx-prefix-kIrsRRLY",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑf/"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "aff-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Shetland Scots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Shetland form of aff-"
],
"id": "en-af--sco-prefix-C50OiJIw",
"links": [
[
"aff-",
"aff-#Scots"
]
],
"tags": [
"Shetland",
"alt-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "av-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of av-."
],
"id": "en-af--sv-prefix-~QtISxAA",
"links": [
[
"av-",
"av-#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*aβ̃-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *aβ̃-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*am-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *am-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *aβ̃-, from Proto-Celtic *am-, allophonic variant of *an- before *b and *ɸ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "af-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "haf-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"prothesis-h"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "af- + glân (“clean; honest”) → aflan (“corrupt, evil”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "af- + llwyddiannus (“successful”) → aflwyddiannus (“unsuccessful”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "af- + rhwydd (“easy”) → afrwydd (“difficult”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "af- + iechyd (“health”) → afiechyd (“sickness, illness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not, un-, non-, an-, dis-, negative prefix"
],
"id": "en-af--cy-prefix-e~zx4Cot",
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"non-",
"non-"
],
[
"an-",
"an-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "an-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/av/"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish prefixes",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "af-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse af-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ab-"
},
"expansion": "German ab-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "av-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish av-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse af-. Compare German ab-, Swedish av-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "prefix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "da-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tabuisere (“to taboo”) -> aftabuisere (“to detaboo”)"
},
{
"text": "klassificere (“classify, make classified (secret)”) -> afklassificere (“declassify, make unclassified”)"
},
{
"text": "militarisere (“militarize”) -> afmilitarisere (“demilitarize”)"
},
{
"text": "mystificere (“mystify”) -> afmystificere (“demystify”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"de-, to cause to cease to be"
],
"links": [
[
"de-",
"de-"
],
[
"cease",
"cease"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "rive (“rip”) -> afrive (“rip off”)"
},
{
"text": "skrælle (“peel”) -> afskrælle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"off, from (signifies removal)"
],
"links": [
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"from",
"from"
],
[
"removal",
"removal"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑʊ̯/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "de-"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch prefixes",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "afbieden"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ab"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ab",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *ab.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"de-, en-"
],
"links": [
[
"de-",
"de-"
],
[
"en-",
"en-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prefix) de-, en-"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"prefix"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"down"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"off"
],
"links": [
[
"off",
"off"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-af-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/Nl-af-.ogg/Nl-af-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Nl-af-.ogg"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌰𐍆-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌰𐍆-"
],
"links": [
[
"𐌰𐍆-",
"𐌰𐍆-#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "af-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse af-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aba-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse af-, from Proto-Germanic *aba-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "prefix",
"sort": "af"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic prefixes",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"de-"
],
"links": [
[
"de-",
"de-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aba-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *aba-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "ang-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English prefixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to come from, originate from",
"text": "ofcuman, afcuman",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"away, off, from, away from"
],
"links": [
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"from",
"from"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "of-"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse prefixes",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aba-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "æf-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse æf-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *aba-. Cognate with Old Norse æf-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"away, off, from, away from"
],
"links": [
[
"away",
"away#English"
],
[
"off",
"off#English"
],
[
"from",
"from#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"excessively, negatively"
],
"links": [
[
"excessively",
"excessively#English"
],
[
"negatively",
"negatively#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon prefixes",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aba-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aba-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂epó",
"4": "",
"5": "off, away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *aba-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "afgevan/afgeƀan (“to give up, surrender”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming verbs and adjectives with the sense of \"off\", \"away\", \"from\", \"out of\", \"away from\""
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "afbrekan (“break down, pluck”)"
},
{
"text": "afheldian (“go down, end”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑf/"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "aff-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots prefixes",
"Shetland Scots"
],
"glosses": [
"Shetland form of aff-"
],
"links": [
[
"aff-",
"aff-#Scots"
]
],
"tags": [
"Shetland",
"alt-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "av-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish obsolete forms",
"Swedish prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of av-."
],
"links": [
[
"av-",
"av-#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"morpheme",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*aβ̃-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *aβ̃-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*am-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *am-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *aβ̃-, from Proto-Celtic *am-, allophonic variant of *an- before *b and *ɸ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "af-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "haf-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"prothesis-h"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "af-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh prefixes",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "af- + glân (“clean; honest”) → aflan (“corrupt, evil”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "af- + llwyddiannus (“successful”) → aflwyddiannus (“unsuccessful”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "af- + rhwydd (“easy”) → afrwydd (“difficult”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "af- + iechyd (“health”) → afiechyd (“sickness, illness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not, un-, non-, an-, dis-, negative prefix"
],
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"non-",
"non-"
],
[
"an-",
"an-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "an-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/av/"
}
],
"word": "af-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for af- meaning in All languages combined (10.4kB)
{
"called_from": "linkages/371",
"msg": "unrecognized linkage prefix: (de-): de- desc=de- rest=de- cls=romanization cls2=romanization e1=True e2=True",
"path": [
"af-"
],
"section": "Danish",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "af-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: af-/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"af-"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "af-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: af-/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"af-"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "af-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.