See sum on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sum meaning in All languages combined (99.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Abel sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Appell-Lerch sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "a tidy sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "checksum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "digit sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "direct sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "linear sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lump sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Murasugi sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "negative-sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "partial sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "positive-sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "princely sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Ramanujan's sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rank sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "residual sum of squares"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Riemann sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ring sum normal form"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum and substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum assured"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum of best"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum of its parts"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum of parts"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum-total"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum-up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vector sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wedge sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zero-sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zero-sum game"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English summe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Old French summe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "summus",
"3": "",
"4": "highest"
},
"expansion": "summus (“highest”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English summe, from Old French summe, from Latin summa, feminine of summus (“highest”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "checksum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "empty sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nullary sum"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summand"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "summative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "successor"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 46 3 3 2 3 4",
"english": "difference",
"roman": "subtrahend",
"sense": "subtraction",
"word": "− ="
},
{
"_dis1": "37 38 5 3 5 6 5",
"english": "factor; factor; product",
"sense": "multiplication, factorization; factor",
"word": "× ×... ="
},
{
"_dis1": "17 15 3 14 25 4 22",
"alt": "antilogarithm",
"english": "logarithm",
"sense": "logarithmization",
"word": "log(base) ="
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sum of 3 and 4 is 7."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity obtained by addition or aggregation."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-Op1WKSxw",
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
],
[
"aggregation",
"aggregation"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "54 29 2 2 7 4 2",
"alt": "augend",
"english": "addend; total",
"sense": "addition, summation",
"word": "+ ="
},
{
"_dis1": "54 29 2 2 7 4 2",
"alt": "summand",
"english": "sum",
"sense": "addition, summation",
"word": "+ +... ="
},
{
"_dis1": "39 29 7 4 12 5 4",
"english": "product",
"roman": "multiplicand",
"sense": "multiplication, factorization; multiplier",
"word": "× ="
},
{
"_dis1": "36 22 9 6 7 9 11",
"roman": "quotient",
"sense": "division; dividend",
"word": "÷ ="
},
{
"_dis1": "44 19 8 4 7 9 9",
"alt": "quotient",
"english": "with remaining",
"sense": "numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient",
"word": "Or sometimes"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 22 11 6 11 14 10",
"alt": "exponent",
"english": "power",
"sense": "exponentiation; base",
"word": "="
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "amount"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "sum total"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summation"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "total"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "totality"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "majmūʕ",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَجْمُوع"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gumar",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "գումար"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "nətijə",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "нәтижә"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sbor",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сбор"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tingob"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "sumada"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "總和"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǒnghé",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "总和"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "總數"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǒngshù",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "总数"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "součet"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somme"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ǯami",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ჯამი"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Summe"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áthroisma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "άθροισμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'khum",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סְכוּם"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "összeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "samtala"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"alt": "そうがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sōgaku",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "総額"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "phɑɑlbouk",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ផលបូក"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"alt": "合計",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hapgye",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "합계"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"alt": "總和",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chonghwa",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "총화"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "suma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сума"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbir",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "збир"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "hasil tambah"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "jumlah"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuka",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "തുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tapeke"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "otinga tāpiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ida'ama"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "majmu'",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "مجموع"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Somm"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "qullu"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súmma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мма"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suim"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbroj"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зби̑р"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbȋr"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "súčet"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vsota"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adición"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "jumla"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "dagup"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "toplam"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "yekûn"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "tgmr",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "𐎚𐎂𐎎𐎗"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 6 12 5 1 1 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tổng số"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "We're learning about division, and the sums are tricky."
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arithmetic computation, especially one posed to a student as an exercise (not necessarily limited to addition)."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-b8u5Fevx",
"links": [
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often plural) An arithmetic computation, especially one posed to a student as an exercise (not necessarily limited to addition)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "7 85 2 2 1 1 2",
"sense": "arithmetic computation",
"word": "calculation"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 85 2 2 1 1 2",
"sense": "arithmetic computation",
"word": "computation"
}
],
"tags": [
"often",
"plural"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zadáča",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зада́ча"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rekensom"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"word": "laskutehtävä"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calcul"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "práxi",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πράξη"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soma"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adição"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadáča",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зада́ча"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "matematikexempel"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "matematikuppgift"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 71 5 4 2 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "räkneuppgift"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a tidy sum"
},
{
"text": "the sum of forty pounds"
},
{
"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Noveria",
"text": "Merchant Opold: This one promised compensation for services rendered. It humbly suggests that a sum of 250 credits would be most appropriate.\nShepard: Would you have had any chance of getting this past customs without me? You can be a bit more generous.\nMerchant Opold: The other's words possess the discomforting ring of truth.\nMerchant Opold: This one could raise the sum to 500 credits. That is half this one's profit taken by the other. It can offer no more.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity of money."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-C9uryYQ6",
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "19 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "amount"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "quantity of money"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "sum of money"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mablaḡ",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَبْلَغ"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gumar",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "գումար"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "suma",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сума"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "kantidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金額"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīn'é",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金额"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "částka"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somme"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contía"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "raodenoba",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "რაოდენობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "odenoba",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "ოდენობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Summe"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "posó",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ποσό"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'khum",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סְכוּם"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upphæð"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"alt": "きんがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kingaku",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金額"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"alt": "金額",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geumaek",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "금액"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"alt": "額數",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "aeksu",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "액수"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuka",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "തുക"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "pūranga moni"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "quantia"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súmma",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мма"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suim"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cantidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "belopp"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 1 73 5 1 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "meblağ"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "This is the sum of all the evidence in the case."
},
{
"text": "This is the sum and substance of his objections."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A summary; the principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-LRLjpq8y",
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 83 13 1 1",
"sense": "summary",
"word": "summary"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A central idea or point; gist."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-ESvDJgSN",
"links": [
[
"gist",
"gist"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "center"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "centre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "core"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "essence"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "gist"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "heart"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "heart and soul"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "inwardness"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "kernel"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "marrow"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "meat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "nub"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "nitty-gritty"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "pith substance"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎ́štnost",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "съ́щност"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sutʹ",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "суть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kontenta"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 1 3 91 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kärna"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The utmost degree."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-Vr6LeJnE",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "20 15 11 4 7 39 5",
"roman": "radicand",
"sense": "root extraction; degree",
"tags": [
"root"
],
"word": "√ ="
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 2 1 1 92 1",
"sense": "utmost degree",
"word": "summit"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 207",
"text": "The sum is also used for the quarter, and the strike for the bushel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old English measure of corn equal to the quarter."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-C4qs9bPe",
"links": [
[
"quarter",
"quarter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An old English measure of corn equal to the quarter."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 2 2 4 4 82",
"sense": "obsolete: old English measure of corn",
"word": "quarter"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭm"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English summe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Old French summe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "summus",
"3": "",
"4": "highest"
},
"expansion": "summus (“highest”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English summe, from Old French summe, from Latin summa, feminine of summus (“highest”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "summing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "summed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "summed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (third-person singular simple present sums, present participle summing, simple past and past participle summed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 250b",
"text": "when you say that stability and change are, it's because you're summing them up together as embraced by it, and taking note of the communion each of them has with being.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add together."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-verb-zA9Kqpzl",
"links": [
[
"add",
"add"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To add together."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "add"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "add together"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "add up"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sum up"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summate"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "tally"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "tot"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "tot up"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "total"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "tote up"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sumiram",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "сумирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎbiram",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "събирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "optellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "bijeentellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summata"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"english": "old",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "ynnätä"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "laskea yhteen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "additionner"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aǯamva",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "აჯამვა"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "athroízo",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "αθροίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sommare"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sumować"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zsumować"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zsumowywać"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "somar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "summírovatʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "сумми́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skládyvatʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "скла́дывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "složítʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сложи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sumar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "addera"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summera"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "toplamak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To give a summary of."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-verb-R4Gu-6pl",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give a summary of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"sense": "to give a summary of",
"word": "summarize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭm"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kk",
"3": "сом"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh сом (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ky",
"3": "сом"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz сом (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ug",
"3": "سوم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur سوم (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "uz",
"3": "soʻm"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek soʻm",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Kazakh сом (som), Kyrgyz сом (som), Uyghur سوم (som), and Uzbek soʻm, all of which have the core signification “pure”, used in elliptical reference to historical coins of pure gold.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The basic unit of money in Kyrgyzstan."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-XFOsWfMw",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"Kyrgyzstan",
"Kyrgyzstan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The basic unit of money in Uzbekistan."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-WFLWSEc9",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"Uzbekistan",
"Uzbekistan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "soum"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "som",
"word": "سوم"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kyrgyzstani som",
"Som (currency)",
"Uzbekistani sum"
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mn",
"3": "сум"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian сум (sum)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠨᡳᡵᡠ",
"t": "a large arrow, militia company, district"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru, “a large arrow, militia company, district”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*sumun",
"t": "arrow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mongolian сум (sum), from Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru, “a large arrow, militia company, district”). Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 9 1 6 13 3 14 2 2 36 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 1 5 12 4 20 3 3 30 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 11 4 6 11 5 5 3 3 23 13 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of administrative district used in China, Mongolia, and Russia. In Mongolia, a sum is smaller than a province. In China, it is only used in Inner Mongolia, where it is equivalent to a township."
],
"id": "en-sum-en-noun-ycBTQF6p",
"links": [
[
"district",
"district"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Inner Mongolia",
"Inner Mongolia"
],
[
"township",
"township"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "choy sum"
},
{
"word": "dim sum"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "in Buryatia",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "somon"
},
{
"alt": "in Tuva",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "sumon"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"in Inner Mongolia"
],
"tags": [
"China",
"sometimes"
],
"word": "sumu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭm"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Sum (country subdivision)"
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "la",
"3": "subtus"
},
"expansion": "Latin subtus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "Romanian sub",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin subtus, from sub. Compare Romanian sub.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"under"
],
"id": "en-sum-rup-prep-12d0imA3",
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sun"
},
{
"word": "su"
}
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of suma"
],
"id": "en-sum-cs-noun-n90Vi2v9",
"links": [
[
"suma",
"suma#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sumo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of sumo"
],
"id": "en-sum-cs-noun-B3XcWAow",
"links": [
[
"sumo",
"sumo#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "sem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse sem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"like, as"
],
"id": "en-sum-fo-conj-aIl4-0qB",
"links": [
[
"like",
"like"
],
[
"as",
"as"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"when, as"
],
"id": "en-sum-fo-conj-SuDtsnGU",
"links": [
[
"when",
"when"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʊmː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊmː"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "sem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse sem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "particle",
"3": "relative particle"
},
"expansion": "sum (relative particle)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Faroese particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"that, who, which"
],
"id": "en-sum-fo-particle-0cb1VCdO",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"which",
"which"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ið"
}
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʊmː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊmː"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐍃𐌿𐌼"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼"
],
"id": "en-sum-got-romanization-YmJ-zsUa",
"links": [
[
"𐍃𐌿𐌼",
"𐍃𐌿𐌼#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sùm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "ideophone",
"head": "sùm",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sùm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ideophone",
"2": "sùm"
},
"expansion": "sùm",
"name": "ha-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "smelling bad",
"word": "gùm"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hausa ideophones",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gùm (“smelling bad”)"
],
"id": "en-sum-ha-noun-Uf5QUVPT",
"links": [
[
"gùm",
"gum#Hausa"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"ideophone"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sùm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɪ̀m]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 44 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"nominative feminine singular"
],
"id": "en-sum-is-adj-MVxaTQDn",
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 44 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"nominative/accusative neuter plural"
],
"id": "en-sum-is-adj-27Mmp~0u",
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I knew some of the children.",
"text": "Ég þekkti sum barnanna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "some",
"word": "sumur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"inflection of sumur (“some”)"
],
"id": "en-sum-is-adj-pPVILbr2",
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʏːm"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kavalan",
"lang_code": "ckv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kavalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"urine"
],
"id": "en-sum-ckv-noun-g1O-oXKf",
"links": [
[
"urine",
"urine"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "fa",
"3": "سم",
"tr": "som"
},
"expansion": "Persian سم (som)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Persian سم (som).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sumı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "klj-infl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumııñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarııñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumça",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarça",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumvâra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarvâra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (definite accusative sumı, plural sumlar)",
"name": "klj-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "c"
},
"name": "klj-infl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sum",
"10": "sumlarça",
"11": "sumda",
"12": "sumlarda",
"13": "sumla",
"14": "sumlarla",
"15": "sumvâra",
"16": "sumlarvâra",
"2": "sumlar",
"3": "sumııñ",
"4": "sumlarııñ",
"5": "sumqa",
"6": "sumlarqa",
"7": "sumı",
"8": "sumları",
"9": "sumça"
},
"name": "klj-infl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hoof"
],
"id": "en-sum-klj-noun-khLpyET8",
"links": [
[
"hoof",
"hoof"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "süm"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sʊ̞m]",
"note": "Talxâbî"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "absum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "adsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "coest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dēsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "essentia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "id est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "intersum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mihi nōmen est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nōn semper Sāturnālia erunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "obsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "possum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "praesum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "prōsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "quid est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "quid est nōmen tibi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "quid tibi est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "subsum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sum ubi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "supersum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sōns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "unde es"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ēns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "īnsum"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fio",
"3": "fierī"
},
"expansion": "fierī",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blended with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">fierī</i>"
},
"expansion": "(blended with fierī)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Balkan Romance: (blended with fierī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "săm"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: săm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: săm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "hiu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: hiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: hiu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "fi"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: fi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: fi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fi"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: fi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: fi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdn",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Gallurese: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gallurese: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "essere"
},
"expansion": "Italian: essere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: essere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "essere"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: essere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: essere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "assé"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese: assé",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sassarese: assé"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "èssiri"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: èssiri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: èssiri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "èssere"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: èssere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: èssere"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "èser"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: èser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: èser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "ièsi"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: ièsi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: ièsi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "êse"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: êse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: êse"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "vesser"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: vesser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: vesser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: esse"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: es",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: es"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "jessi",
"3": "sei"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: jessi, sei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: jessi, sei"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: ester",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: ester"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "esser"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: esser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: esser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "èser"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: èser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: èser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ésser"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: ésser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: ésser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "étre"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: étre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: étre"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "estre"
},
"expansion": "Old French: estre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: estre (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "èsser"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: èsser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: èsser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sedeo",
"3": "sedēre"
},
"expansion": "sedēre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blended with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">sedēre</i>"
},
"expansion": "(blended with sedēre)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ibero-Romance: (blended with sedēre)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mxi",
"2": "שיראד"
},
"expansion": "Mozarabic: שיראד (šyrʔd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mozarabic: שיראד (šyrʔd)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fax",
"2": "sel"
},
"expansion": "Fala: sel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fala: sel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Galician: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese: [Term?]",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "sel"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: sel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: sel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: ser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ser",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Catalan: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Catalan: ser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "esse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Esse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Esse"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-",
"4": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*ezom",
"4": "*som~*ezom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *som~*ezom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti",
"t": "be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“be”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHt",
"t": "become"
},
"expansion": "*bʰúHt (“become”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fore"
},
"expansion": "fore",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fīō",
"t": "become"
},
"expansion": "fīō (“become”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-bō"
},
"expansion": "-bō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-bam"
},
"expansion": "-bam",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "esum"
},
"expansion": "esum",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *som~*ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“be”) + *bʰúHt (“become”). From the latter of the two derive all the /f-/ forms of Latin sum (including fore), the separate verb fīō (“become”), and the verb-endings -bō (future) and -bam (past imperfect). Clipped conjugations with /s-/, such as sum itself, occurred alongside more conservative equivalents with /es-/ in early Latin, such as the archaic esum. The clipped forms likely arose as unstressed clitics.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no passive",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no supine stem except in the future active participle",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "esse",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fuī",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrus",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular no-supine",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sumus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "estis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuistī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuistis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuērunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fueram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fueris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fueritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "essem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "esset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foret",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "essēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "forent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuisset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "este",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estōte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suntō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fuisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrum esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "sum (present infinitive esse, perfect active fuī, future participle futūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle",
"name": "la-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"2": "sum"
},
"name": "la-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am a Roman citizen.",
"text": "Civis romanus sum.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am without a kingdom.",
"text": "Sum sine regno.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Dixit duas res ei rubori fuisse.\nHe said that two things had abashed him.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(literally, “A lot of time is to me.”)",
"roman": "I have a lot of time.",
"text": "Mihi est multum tempus.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am a man, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.",
"ref": "163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos 1.77",
"text": "Homō sum, hūmānī nihil ā mē aliēnum putō."
},
{
"english": "O ye immortal gods, where on earth are we?",
"ref": "63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations 1.9",
"text": "Ō dī immortālēs, ubinam gentium sumus?"
},
{
"english": "The die is cast.",
"ref": "121 CE, Suetonius, De Vita Caesarum, Iulius 33",
"text": "Alea iacta est.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Honour thy father and thy mother, that thou mayest be longlived upon the land which the Lord thy God will give thee.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus 20:12",
"text": "Honōrā patrem tuum et matrem tuam, ut sīs longaevus super terram, quam Dominus Deus tuus dabit tibi."
},
{
"english": "I think, therefore I am.",
"ref": "1647, René Descartes, Meditationes de Prima Philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animæ immortalitas demonstratur",
"text": "Cogito, ergo sum.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, exist, have [+dative]",
"to be, exist, have"
],
"id": "en-sum-la-verb-HdE4snqp",
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"have",
"have"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) to be, exist, have [+dative]"
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 43 22 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 36 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle",
"parents": [
"Future active participles",
"Active participles",
"Participles",
"Verb forms",
"Non-lemma forms",
"Verbs",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is there still anything bad\nwith me in the world?",
"ref": "c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Hercules Oetaeus 1399–1400",
"roman": "in orbe mēcum?",
"text": "Estne adhūc aliquid malī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"there be"
],
"id": "en-sum-la-verb-H3~Yim6a",
"links": [
[
"there be",
"there be"
]
],
"qualifier": "existential",
"raw_glosses": [
"(existential) there be"
],
"tags": [
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They went to conquer Pisanius' castle with fifty boats, engines, siege weapons, etc.",
"text": "Ad quod castrum vincendum Pisani fuerunt cum quinquaginta navibus, plattis et schafis, etc,",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go"
],
"id": "en-sum-la-verb-gNM9bcDR",
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, in the past tense) to go"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"irregular",
"past"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Medieval Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hear instruction and be wise, and refuse it not.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs 8:33",
"text": "Audīte disciplīnam et estōte sapientēs et nōlīte abicere eam."
}
],
"glosses": [
", imperative be",
"imperative be"
],
"id": "en-sum-la-verb-JBYyycxd",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin), imperative be"
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"Medieval-Latin",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[s̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[sum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"archaic"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "obsolete hapax",
"word": "esum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esam > eram"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esat > erat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "esed > erit?"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "eso > ero"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "essis > es"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "forem in the sense of essem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuam in the sense of sim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fueit > fuit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuvimus > fuimus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fuvisset > fuisset"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "siēd > sit"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "leiesum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pengesum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin summa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "summer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "summene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What's the sum of 2+2?",
"text": "Hva er summen av 2+2?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sum (addition or aggregation)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nb-noun-hvMf2k-2",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sum (amount of money)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nb-noun-K5s59E-c",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "summe"
},
"expansion": "summe",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb summe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "summet",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n (definite singular summet)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzz (continuous noise)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nb-noun--iOXn9v-",
"links": [
[
"buzz",
"buzz"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "verb form",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "nb-verb-form"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "summe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of summe"
],
"id": "en-sum-nb-verb-qrH7-fbt",
"links": [
[
"summe",
"summe#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pengesum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin summa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "summar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "summane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What's the sum of 2+2?",
"text": "Kva er summen av 2+2?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sum (addition or aggregation)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-noun-hvMf2k-2",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sum (amount of money)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-noun-K5s59E-c",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "summe"
},
"expansion": "summe",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb summe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "summet",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n (definite singular summet)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzz (continuous noise)"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-noun--iOXn9v-",
"links": [
[
"buzz",
"buzz"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sumet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They started swimming towards the holm.",
"text": "Dei la på sum utover mot holmen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an act of swimming"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-noun-6q5lJ4hp",
"links": [
[
"swimming",
"swimming"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sumt",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "feminine",
"4": "sum",
"5": "neuter",
"6": "sumt",
"7": "plural",
"8": "sume",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "sum m (feminine sum, neuter sumt, plural sume)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "som"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of som"
],
"id": "en-sum-nn-pron-mWwDtRPw",
"links": [
[
"som",
"som#Norwegian Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pre-2012) alternative form of som"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sumr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ang-decl-sum"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Some said, it is him; some said, No, but instead is similar to him. He said truly, it is me.",
"roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīc. Hē cwæþ sōðlīce, ic hit eom.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-prRt0NGu",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: som",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: som"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Low German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: sum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old English sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-adj-st",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sum",
"title": "sum"
},
"name": "osx-decl-adj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"id": "en-sum-osx-pron-prRt0NGu",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "سُم",
"tags": [
"Perso-Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Perso-Arabic spelling",
"4": "سُم",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "sum m (Perso-Arabic spelling سُم)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mud (dry), dust"
],
"id": "en-sum-phl-noun-uiXCsqCN",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "aav-khs-pro",
"3": "*sum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Khasian *sum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "huo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "hum"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar hum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Khasian *sum, from Proto-Mon-Khmer. Cognate with Hu θúm. Likely related to the forms with h- and null initials, such as Bahnar hum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "pbv-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Pnar",
"lang_code": "pbv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pnar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bathe"
],
"id": "en-sum-pbv-noun-J~-PMm2P",
"links": [
[
"bathe",
"bathe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "som",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish som",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "som"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish som",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish som.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "sum m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Catfish",
"orig": "pl:Catfish",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Otocephalan fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wels, wels catfish, sheatfish (Silurus glanis)"
],
"id": "en-sum-pl-noun--b955rts",
"links": [
[
"wels",
"wels"
],
[
"wels catfish",
"wels catfish"
],
[
"sheatfish",
"sheatfish"
],
[
"Silurus glanis",
"Silurus glanis#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sum europejski"
},
{
"word": "sum pospolity"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"homophone": "Sum"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "sum f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of suma"
],
"id": "en-sum-pl-noun-n90Vi2v9",
"links": [
[
"suma",
"suma#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"homophone": "Sum"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sbf",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Shabo",
"lang_code": "sbf",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Shabo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"say"
],
"id": "en-sum-sbf-verb-oLln~GAT",
"links": [
[
"say",
"say"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sȗm",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hard o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "súm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "súmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmov",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "súmov",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "súmom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "súme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmih",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "súmih",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "súmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sȗm",
"2": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "sȗm m inan",
"name": "sl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "súm"
},
"name": "sl-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suspicion, mistrust"
],
"id": "en-sum-sl-noun-xsCg8yQa",
"links": [
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
],
[
"mistrust",
"mistrust"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/súːm/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msn",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vurës",
"lang_code": "msn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vurës entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to drink"
],
"id": "en-sum-msn-verb-5i9kA2DY",
"links": [
[
"drink",
"drink"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sym/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sum\nMiddle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sum\nMiddle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "som",
"3": "sam",
"4": "säm"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: som, sam, säm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: som, sam, säm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sume",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sume, sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sume, sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: sum\nMiddle Low German: som\nLow German: sum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: sum\nMiddle Low German: som\nLow German: sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: som\nDutch: som, saom (dialectal)\nLimburgish: zóm",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: som\nDutch: som, saom (dialectal)\nLimburgish: zóm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: sum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "determiner"
},
"expansion": "*sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sum",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"id": "en-sum-gmw-pro-det-prRt0NGu",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "la",
"3": "subtus"
},
"expansion": "Latin subtus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "Romanian sub",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin subtus, from sub. Compare Romanian sub.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Aromanian lemmas",
"Aromanian prepositions",
"Aromanian terms derived from Latin",
"Aromanian terms inherited from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"under"
],
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sun"
},
{
"word": "su"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech non-lemma forms",
"Czech noun forms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of suma"
],
"links": [
[
"suma",
"suma#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech non-lemma forms",
"Czech noun forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sumo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of sumo"
],
"links": [
[
"sumo",
"sumo#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Abel sum"
},
{
"word": "Appell-Lerch sum"
},
{
"word": "a tidy sum"
},
{
"word": "checksum"
},
{
"word": "digit sum"
},
{
"word": "direct sum"
},
{
"word": "in sum"
},
{
"word": "linear sum"
},
{
"word": "lump sum"
},
{
"word": "Murasugi sum"
},
{
"word": "negative-sum"
},
{
"word": "partial sum"
},
{
"word": "positive-sum"
},
{
"word": "princely sum"
},
{
"word": "Ramanujan's sum"
},
{
"word": "rank sum"
},
{
"word": "residual sum of squares"
},
{
"word": "Riemann sum"
},
{
"word": "ring sum normal form"
},
{
"word": "sum and substance"
},
{
"word": "sum assured"
},
{
"word": "sum of best"
},
{
"word": "sum of its parts"
},
{
"word": "sum of parts"
},
{
"word": "sum-total"
},
{
"word": "sum up"
},
{
"word": "sum-up"
},
{
"word": "vector sum"
},
{
"word": "wedge sum"
},
{
"word": "zero-sum"
},
{
"word": "zero-sum game"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English summe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Old French summe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "summus",
"3": "",
"4": "highest"
},
"expansion": "summus (“highest”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English summe, from Old French summe, from Latin summa, feminine of summus (“highest”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "checksum"
},
{
"word": "empty sum"
},
{
"word": "nullary sum"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "summand"
},
{
"word": "summary"
},
{
"word": "summation"
},
{
"word": "summative"
},
{
"word": "successor"
},
{
"alt": "augend",
"english": "addend; total",
"sense": "addition, summation",
"word": "+ ="
},
{
"alt": "summand",
"english": "sum",
"sense": "addition, summation",
"word": "+ +... ="
},
{
"english": "difference",
"roman": "subtrahend",
"sense": "subtraction",
"word": "− ="
},
{
"english": "product",
"roman": "multiplicand",
"sense": "multiplication, factorization; multiplier",
"word": "× ="
},
{
"english": "factor; factor; product",
"sense": "multiplication, factorization; factor",
"word": "× ×... ="
},
{
"roman": "quotient",
"sense": "division; dividend",
"word": "÷ ="
},
{
"alt": "quotient",
"english": "with remaining",
"sense": "numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient",
"word": "Or sometimes"
},
{
"alt": "exponent",
"english": "power",
"sense": "exponentiation; base",
"word": "="
},
{
"roman": "radicand",
"sense": "root extraction; degree",
"tags": [
"root"
],
"word": "√ ="
},
{
"alt": "antilogarithm",
"english": "logarithm",
"sense": "logarithmization",
"word": "log(base) ="
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sum of 3 and 4 is 7."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity obtained by addition or aggregation."
],
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
],
[
"aggregation",
"aggregation"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "We're learning about division, and the sums are tricky."
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arithmetic computation, especially one posed to a student as an exercise (not necessarily limited to addition)."
],
"links": [
[
"student",
"student"
],
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often plural) An arithmetic computation, especially one posed to a student as an exercise (not necessarily limited to addition)."
],
"tags": [
"often",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a tidy sum"
},
{
"text": "the sum of forty pounds"
},
{
"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Noveria",
"text": "Merchant Opold: This one promised compensation for services rendered. It humbly suggests that a sum of 250 credits would be most appropriate.\nShepard: Would you have had any chance of getting this past customs without me? You can be a bit more generous.\nMerchant Opold: The other's words possess the discomforting ring of truth.\nMerchant Opold: This one could raise the sum to 500 credits. That is half this one's profit taken by the other. It can offer no more.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A quantity of money."
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "This is the sum of all the evidence in the case."
},
{
"text": "This is the sum and substance of his objections."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A summary; the principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A central idea or point; gist."
],
"links": [
[
"gist",
"gist"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The utmost degree."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 207",
"text": "The sum is also used for the quarter, and the strike for the bushel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old English measure of corn equal to the quarter."
],
"links": [
[
"quarter",
"quarter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An old English measure of corn equal to the quarter."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "amount"
},
{
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "sum total"
},
{
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summation"
},
{
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "total"
},
{
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "totality"
},
{
"sense": "arithmetic computation",
"word": "calculation"
},
{
"sense": "arithmetic computation",
"word": "computation"
},
{
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "amount"
},
{
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "quantity of money"
},
{
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "sum of money"
},
{
"sense": "summary",
"word": "summary"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "center"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "centre"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "core"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "essence"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "gist"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "heart"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "heart and soul"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "inwardness"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "kernel"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "marrow"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "meat"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "nub"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "nitty-gritty"
},
{
"sense": "central idea or point",
"word": "pith substance"
},
{
"sense": "utmost degree",
"word": "summit"
},
{
"sense": "obsolete: old English measure of corn",
"word": "quarter"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "majmūʕ",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَجْمُوع"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gumar",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "գումար"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "nətijə",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "нәтижә"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sbor",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сбор"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tingob"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "sumada"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "總和"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǒnghé",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "总和"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "總數"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zǒngshù",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "总数"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "součet"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somme"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ǯami",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ჯამი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Summe"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "áthroisma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "άθροισμα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'khum",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סְכוּם"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "összeg"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "samtala"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"alt": "そうがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sōgaku",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "総額"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "phɑɑlbouk",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ផលបូក"
},
{
"alt": "合計",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hapgye",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "합계"
},
{
"alt": "總和",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chonghwa",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "총화"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "suma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сума"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbir",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "збир"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "hasil tambah"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "jumlah"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuka",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "തുക"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tapeke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "otinga tāpiri"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "ida'ama"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "majmu'",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "مجموع"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Somm"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soma"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "qullu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súmma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мма"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suim"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbroj"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "зби̑р"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zbȋr"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "súčet"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vsota"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adición"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "jumla"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "dagup"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "toplam"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "yekûn"
},
{
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "tgmr",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "𐎚𐎂𐎎𐎗"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "súma",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́ма"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "quantity obtained by addition or aggregation",
"word": "tổng số"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zadáča",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зада́ча"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rekensom"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"word": "laskutehtävä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calcul"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "práxi",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πράξη"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "soma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adição"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadáča",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зада́ча"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "matematikexempel"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "matematikuppgift"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "arithmetic problem",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "räkneuppgift"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mablaḡ",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَبْلَغ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "gumar",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "գումար"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "suma",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сума"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "kantidad"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金額"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīn'é",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金额"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "částka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contía"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "raodenoba",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "რაოდენობა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "odenoba",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "ოდენობა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Summe"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "posó",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ποσό"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'khum",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סְכוּם"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "upphæð"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "somma"
},
{
"alt": "きんがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kingaku",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "金額"
},
{
"alt": "金額",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geumaek",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "금액"
},
{
"alt": "額數",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "aeksu",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "액수"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuka",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "തുക"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "pūranga moni"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sum"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "quantia"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sumă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súmma",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́мма"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suim"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cantidad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "suma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "belopp"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "summa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "quantity of money",
"word": "meblağ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎ́štnost",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "съ́щност"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sutʹ",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "суть"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kontenta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "central idea or point",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kärna"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English summe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "summe"
},
"expansion": "Old French summe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "summus",
"3": "",
"4": "highest"
},
"expansion": "summus (“highest”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English summe, from Old French summe, from Latin summa, feminine of summus (“highest”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "summing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "summed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "summed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (third-person singular simple present sums, present participle summing, simple past and past participle summed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 250b",
"text": "when you say that stability and change are, it's because you're summing them up together as embraced by it, and taking note of the communion each of them has with being.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add together."
],
"links": [
[
"add",
"add"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To add together."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To give a summary of."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give a summary of."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "add"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "add together"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "add up"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sum up"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summate"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "tally"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "tot"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "tot up"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "total"
},
{
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "tote up"
},
{
"sense": "to give a summary of",
"word": "summarize"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sumiram",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "сумирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎbiram",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "събирам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "optellen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "bijeentellen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "old",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "ynnätä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "laskea yhteen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "additionner"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aǯamva",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "აჯამვა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summieren"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "athroízo",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "αθροίζω"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sommare"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sumować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zsumować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zsumowywać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "somar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "summírovatʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "сумми́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skládyvatʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "скла́дывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "složítʹ",
"sense": "to add together",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сложи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "sumar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "addera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "summera"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to add together",
"word": "toplamak"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Kazakh",
"English terms borrowed from Kyrgyz",
"English terms borrowed from Mongolian",
"English terms borrowed from Uyghur",
"English terms borrowed from Uzbek",
"English terms derived from Kazakh",
"English terms derived from Kyrgyz",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"English terms derived from Uyghur",
"English terms derived from Uzbek",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kk",
"3": "сом"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh сом (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ky",
"3": "сом"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz сом (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ug",
"3": "سوم"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur سوم (som)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "uz",
"3": "soʻm"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek soʻm",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Kazakh сом (som), Kyrgyz сом (som), Uyghur سوم (som), and Uzbek soʻm, all of which have the core signification “pure”, used in elliptical reference to historical coins of pure gold.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The basic unit of money in Kyrgyzstan."
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"Kyrgyzstan",
"Kyrgyzstan"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The basic unit of money in Uzbekistan."
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
],
[
"Uzbekistan",
"Uzbekistan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "som"
},
{
"word": "soum"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "som",
"word": "سوم"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "som",
"word": "сом"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "som",
"word": "سوم"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kyrgyzstani som",
"Som (currency)",
"Uzbekistani sum"
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"en:Mathematics"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mn",
"3": "сум"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian сум (sum)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠨᡳᡵᡠ",
"t": "a large arrow, militia company, district"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru, “a large arrow, militia company, district”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*sumun",
"t": "arrow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mongolian сум (sum), from Manchu ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru, “a large arrow, militia company, district”). Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (plural sums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "choy sum"
},
{
"word": "dim sum"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A type of administrative district used in China, Mongolia, and Russia. In Mongolia, a sum is smaller than a province. In China, it is only used in Inner Mongolia, where it is equivalent to a township."
],
"links": [
[
"district",
"district"
],
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Inner Mongolia",
"Inner Mongolia"
],
[
"township",
"township"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌm/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "some"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg/En-us-sum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-sum.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "sŭm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "in Buryatia",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "somon"
},
{
"alt": "in Tuva",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "sumon"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"in Inner Mongolia"
],
"tags": [
"China",
"sometimes"
],
"word": "sumu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Sum (country subdivision)"
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Faroese conjunctions",
"Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"Faroese lemmas",
"Faroese particles",
"Faroese terms derived from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Faroese/ʊmː"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "sem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse sem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"like, as"
],
"links": [
[
"like",
"like"
],
[
"as",
"as"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"when, as"
],
"links": [
[
"when",
"when"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʊmː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊmː"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Faroese conjunctions",
"Faroese entries with incorrect language header",
"Faroese lemmas",
"Faroese particles",
"Faroese terms derived from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Faroese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Faroese/ʊmː"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "non",
"3": "sem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse sem.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "particle",
"3": "relative particle"
},
"expansion": "sum (relative particle)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"that, who, which"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that"
],
[
"who",
"who"
],
[
"which",
"which"
]
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʊmː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊmː"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ið"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐍃𐌿𐌼"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼"
],
"links": [
[
"𐍃𐌿𐌼",
"𐍃𐌿𐌼#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sùm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "ideophone",
"head": "sùm",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sùm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ideophone",
"2": "sùm"
},
"expansion": "sùm",
"name": "ha-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "smelling bad",
"word": "gùm"
}
],
"categories": [
"Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"Hausa ideophones",
"Hausa lemmas",
"Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gùm (“smelling bad”)"
],
"links": [
[
"gùm",
"gum#Hausa"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"ideophone"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sùm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɪ̀m]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic pronoun forms",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ʏːm",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ʏːm/1 syllable"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"nominative feminine singular"
],
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"nominative/accusative neuter plural"
],
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I knew some of the children.",
"text": "Ég þekkti sum barnanna.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "some",
"word": "sumur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):",
"inflection of sumur (“some”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of sumur (“some”):"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ʏːm"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckv",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kavalan",
"lang_code": "ckv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kavalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Kavalan lemmas",
"Kavalan nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"urine"
],
"links": [
[
"urine",
"urine"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "fa",
"3": "سم",
"tr": "som"
},
"expansion": "Persian سم (som)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Persian سم (som).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sumı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "klj-infl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumııñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarııñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarqa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumça",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarça",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumvâra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumlarvâra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum (definite accusative sumı, plural sumlar)",
"name": "klj-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "u",
"2": "c"
},
"name": "klj-infl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sum",
"10": "sumlarça",
"11": "sumda",
"12": "sumlarda",
"13": "sumla",
"14": "sumlarla",
"15": "sumvâra",
"16": "sumlarvâra",
"2": "sumlar",
"3": "sumııñ",
"4": "sumlarııñ",
"5": "sumqa",
"6": "sumlarqa",
"7": "sumı",
"8": "sumları",
"9": "sumça"
},
"name": "klj-infl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"Khalaj lemmas",
"Khalaj nouns",
"Khalaj terms borrowed from Persian",
"Khalaj terms derived from Persian",
"Khalaj terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Khalaj terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"glosses": [
"hoof"
],
"links": [
[
"hoof",
"hoof"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sʊ̞m]",
"note": "Talxâbî"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "süm"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin active-only verbs",
"Latin defective verbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin irregular verbs",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin suppletive verbs",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verbs",
"Latin verbs with missing supine stem except in the future active participle"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "absum"
},
{
"word": "adsum"
},
{
"word": "coest"
},
{
"word": "dēsum"
},
{
"word": "essentia"
},
{
"word": "id est"
},
{
"word": "intersum"
},
{
"word": "mihi nōmen est"
},
{
"word": "nōn semper Sāturnālia erunt"
},
{
"word": "obsum"
},
{
"word": "possum"
},
{
"word": "praesum"
},
{
"word": "prōsum"
},
{
"word": "quid est"
},
{
"word": "quid est nōmen tibi"
},
{
"word": "quid tibi est"
},
{
"word": "subsum"
},
{
"word": "sum ubi"
},
{
"word": "supersum"
},
{
"word": "sōns"
},
{
"word": "unde es"
},
{
"word": "ēns"
},
{
"word": "īnsum"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fio",
"3": "fierī"
},
"expansion": "fierī",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blended with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">fierī</i>"
},
"expansion": "(blended with fierī)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Balkan Romance: (blended with fierī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "săm"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: săm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: săm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "hiu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: hiu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: hiu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "fi"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: fi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: fi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fi"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: fi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: fi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdn",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Gallurese: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gallurese: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "essere"
},
"expansion": "Italian: essere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: essere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "essere"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: essere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: essere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "assé"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese: assé",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sassarese: assé"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "èssiri"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: èssiri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: èssiri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "èssere"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: èssere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: èssere"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Padanian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "egl",
"2": "èser"
},
"expansion": "Emilian: èser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emilian: èser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "ièsi"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: ièsi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: ièsi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "êse"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: êse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: êse"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "vesser"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: vesser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: vesser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "esse"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: esse"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: es",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: es"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "jessi",
"3": "sei"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: jessi, sei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: jessi, sei"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: ester",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: ester"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "esser"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: esser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: esser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "èser"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: èser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: èser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ésser"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: ésser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: ésser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "étre"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: étre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: étre"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "estre"
},
"expansion": "Old French: estre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: estre (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "èsser"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: èsser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: èsser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sedeo",
"3": "sedēre"
},
"expansion": "sedēre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blended with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">sedēre</i>"
},
"expansion": "(blended with sedēre)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ibero-Romance: (blended with sedēre)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mxi",
"2": "שיראד"
},
"expansion": "Mozarabic: שיראד (šyrʔd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mozarabic: שיראד (šyrʔd)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fax",
"2": "sel"
},
"expansion": "Fala: sel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fala: sel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Galician: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese: [Term?]",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese: [Term?]"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "sel"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: sel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: sel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: ser"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ser"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: ser"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ser",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Catalan: ser",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Catalan: ser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "esse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: esse"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Esse",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Esse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Esse"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-",
"4": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*ezom",
"4": "*som~*ezom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *som~*ezom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti",
"t": "be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“be”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHt",
"t": "become"
},
"expansion": "*bʰúHt (“become”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fore"
},
"expansion": "fore",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fīō",
"t": "become"
},
"expansion": "fīō (“become”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-bō"
},
"expansion": "-bō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-bam"
},
"expansion": "-bam",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "esum"
},
"expansion": "esum",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *som~*ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“be”) + *bʰúHt (“become”). From the latter of the two derive all the /f-/ forms of Latin sum (including fore), the separate verb fīō (“become”), and the verb-endings -bō (future) and -bam (past imperfect). Clipped conjugations with /s-/, such as sum itself, occurred alongside more conservative equivalents with /es-/ in early Latin, such as the archaic esum. The clipped forms likely arose as unstressed clitics.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular conjugation",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no passive",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no supine stem except in the future active participle",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "esse",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fuī",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrus",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular no-supine",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sumus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "estis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "erunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuistī",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuistis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuērunt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuēre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fueram",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerās",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerāmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerātis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fueris",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerimus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fueritis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"indicative",
"perfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "essem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "esset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foret",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "essēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "forētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "essent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "forent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerīs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerīmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerītis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuerint",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"perfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissēs",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuisset",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissēmus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissētis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fuissent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "este",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estōte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "suntō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fuisse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"infinitive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrum esse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"infinitive",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "futūrus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"participle",
"passive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "sum (present infinitive esse, perfect active fuī, future participle futūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle",
"name": "la-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "irreg",
"2": "sum"
},
"name": "la-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin copulative verbs",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am a Roman citizen.",
"text": "Civis romanus sum.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am without a kingdom.",
"text": "Sum sine regno.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Dixit duas res ei rubori fuisse.\nHe said that two things had abashed him.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(literally, “A lot of time is to me.”)",
"roman": "I have a lot of time.",
"text": "Mihi est multum tempus.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I am a man, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.",
"ref": "163 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos 1.77",
"text": "Homō sum, hūmānī nihil ā mē aliēnum putō."
},
{
"english": "O ye immortal gods, where on earth are we?",
"ref": "63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations 1.9",
"text": "Ō dī immortālēs, ubinam gentium sumus?"
},
{
"english": "The die is cast.",
"ref": "121 CE, Suetonius, De Vita Caesarum, Iulius 33",
"text": "Alea iacta est.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Honour thy father and thy mother, that thou mayest be longlived upon the land which the Lord thy God will give thee.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus 20:12",
"text": "Honōrā patrem tuum et matrem tuam, ut sīs longaevus super terram, quam Dominus Deus tuus dabit tibi."
},
{
"english": "I think, therefore I am.",
"ref": "1647, René Descartes, Meditationes de Prima Philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animæ immortalitas demonstratur",
"text": "Cogito, ergo sum.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, exist, have [+dative]",
"to be, exist, have"
],
"links": [
[
"copulative",
"copular verb"
],
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"have",
"have"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(copulative) to be, exist, have [+dative]"
],
"tags": [
"copulative",
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is there still anything bad\nwith me in the world?",
"ref": "c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Hercules Oetaeus 1399–1400",
"roman": "in orbe mēcum?",
"text": "Estne adhūc aliquid malī"
}
],
"glosses": [
"there be"
],
"links": [
[
"there be",
"there be"
]
],
"qualifier": "existential",
"raw_glosses": [
"(existential) there be"
],
"tags": [
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples",
"Medieval Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They went to conquer Pisanius' castle with fifty boats, engines, siege weapons, etc.",
"text": "Ad quod castrum vincendum Pisani fuerunt cum quinquaginta navibus, plattis et schafis, etc,",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to go"
],
"links": [
[
"go",
"go"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, in the past tense) to go"
],
"tags": [
"Medieval-Latin",
"irregular",
"past"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ecclesiastical Latin",
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Medieval Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hear instruction and be wise, and refuse it not.",
"ref": "405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs 8:33",
"text": "Audīte disciplīnam et estōte sapientēs et nōlīte abicere eam."
}
],
"glosses": [
", imperative be",
"imperative be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin), imperative be"
],
"tags": [
"Ecclesiastical",
"Latin",
"Medieval-Latin",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[s̠ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[sum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "esom"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"archaic"
],
"word": "som"
},
{
"english": "obsolete hapax",
"word": "esum"
},
{
"word": "esam > eram"
},
{
"word": "esat > erat"
},
{
"word": "esed > erit?"
},
{
"word": "eso > ero"
},
{
"word": "essis > es"
},
{
"word": "forem in the sense of essem"
},
{
"word": "fuam in the sense of sim"
},
{
"word": "fueit > fuit"
},
{
"word": "fuvimus > fuimus"
},
{
"word": "fuvisset > fuisset"
},
{
"word": "siēd > sit"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "leiesum"
},
{
"word": "pengesum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin summa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "summer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "summene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What's the sum of 2+2?",
"text": "Hva er summen av 2+2?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sum (addition or aggregation)"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sum (amount of money)"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "summe"
},
"expansion": "summe",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb summe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "summet",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n (definite singular summet)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzz (continuous noise)"
],
"links": [
[
"buzz",
"buzz"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "verb form",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "nb-verb-form"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "summe"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of summe"
],
"links": [
[
"summe",
"summe#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "pengesum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "summa"
},
"expansion": "Latin summa",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin summa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "summar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "summane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What's the sum of 2+2?",
"text": "Kva er summen av 2+2?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sum (addition or aggregation)"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sum (amount of money)"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "summe"
},
"expansion": "summe",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the verb summe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "summet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite singular",
"4": "summet",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n (definite singular summet)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"buzz (continuous noise)"
],
"links": [
[
"buzz",
"buzz"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sumet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They started swimming towards the holm.",
"text": "Dei la på sum utover mot holmen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an act of swimming"
],
"links": [
[
"swimming",
"swimming"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "sum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sumt",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "feminine",
"4": "sum",
"5": "neuter",
"6": "sumt",
"7": "plural",
"8": "sume",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "sum m (feminine sum, neuter sumt, plural sume)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "som"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk pre-2012 forms"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of som"
],
"links": [
[
"som",
"som#Norwegian Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pre-2012) alternative form of som"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sumr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ang-decl-sum"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English pronouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Some said, it is him; some said, No, but instead is similar to him. He said truly, it is me.",
"roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīc. Hē cwæþ sōðlīce, ic hit eom.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: som",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: som"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Low German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: sum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old English sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-adj-st",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaro",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "sum n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sum",
"title": "sum"
},
"name": "osx-decl-adj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon pronouns",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "سُم",
"tags": [
"Perso-Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "noun",
"3": "Perso-Arabic spelling",
"4": "سُم",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "sum m (Perso-Arabic spelling سُم)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"Phalura lemmas",
"Phalura masculine nouns",
"Phalura nouns",
"Phalura terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"mud (dry), dust"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "aav-khs-pro",
"3": "*sum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Khasian *sum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "mkh-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "huo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bdq",
"2": "hum"
},
"expansion": "Bahnar hum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Khasian *sum, from Proto-Mon-Khmer. Cognate with Hu θúm. Likely related to the forms with h- and null initials, such as Bahnar hum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pbv",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "pbv-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Pnar",
"lang_code": "pbv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pnar entries with incorrect language header",
"Pnar lemmas",
"Pnar terms derived from Proto-Khasian",
"Pnar terms derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer",
"Pnar terms inherited from Proto-Khasian",
"Pnar terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pnar verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to bathe"
],
"links": [
[
"bathe",
"bathe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/um",
"Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable",
"pl:Catfish"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "ine-bsl-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "som",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish som",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "som"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish som",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish som.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "sum m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wels, wels catfish, sheatfish (Silurus glanis)"
],
"links": [
[
"wels",
"wels"
],
[
"wels catfish",
"wels catfish"
],
[
"sheatfish",
"sheatfish"
],
[
"Silurus glanis",
"Silurus glanis#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sum europejski"
},
{
"word": "sum pospolity"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"homophone": "Sum"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/um",
"Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable",
"pl:Catfish"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "sum f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"sum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "suma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of suma"
],
"links": [
[
"suma",
"suma#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
},
{
"homophone": "Sum"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sum\nMiddle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sum\nMiddle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "som",
"3": "sam",
"4": "säm"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: som, sam, säm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: som, sam, säm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sume",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: sume, sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: sume, sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: sum\nMiddle Low German: som\nLow German: sum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: sum\nMiddle Low German: som\nLow German: sum"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: som\nDutch: som, saom (dialectal)\nLimburgish: zóm",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: som\nDutch: som, saom (dialectal)\nLimburgish: zóm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: sum"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: sum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: sum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "determiner"
},
"expansion": "*sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sum",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic determiners",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sbf",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Shabo",
"lang_code": "sbf",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Shabo entries with incorrect language header",
"Shabo lemmas",
"Shabo verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"say"
],
"links": [
[
"say",
"say"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "sȗm",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sl-decl-noun-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hard o-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "súm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "súmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmov",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "súmov",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "súmom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "súme",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmih",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "súmih",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "súmom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "súmoma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "súmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sȗm",
"2": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "sȗm m inan",
"name": "sl-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "súm"
},
"name": "sl-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Slovene 1-syllable words",
"Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
"Slovene inanimate nouns",
"Slovene lemmas",
"Slovene masculine hard o-stem nouns",
"Slovene masculine inanimate nouns",
"Slovene masculine nouns",
"Slovene nouns",
"Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"suspicion, mistrust"
],
"links": [
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
],
[
"mistrust",
"mistrust"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/súːm/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "msn",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Vurës",
"lang_code": "msn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vurës entries with incorrect language header",
"Vurës lemmas",
"Vurës terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vurës verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to drink"
],
"links": [
[
"drink",
"drink"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sym/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''inflection of sumur (“some”):'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-2012",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-2012",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for please help by adding the tonal marks.",
"path": [
"sum"
],
"section": "Slovene",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2517",
"msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'basic unit of money in Kyrgyzstan', 2: 'som#English'}",
"path": [
"sum",
"trans-top-see"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2517",
"msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'basic unit of money in Uzbekistan', 2: 'som#English'}",
"path": [
"sum",
"trans-top-see"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "sum",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.