"sum" meaning in Khalaj

See sum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /sum/, [sʊ̞m] (note: Talkh Ab), [sʊm] (note: Esfid)
Etymology: From Persian سم (som). Etymology templates: {{bor|klj|fa|سم|tr=som}} Persian سم (som) Head templates: {{klj-noun}} sum (definite accusative sumı, plural sumlar) Inflection templates: {{klj-infl-noun|u|c}}, {{klj-infl-noun-table|sum|sumlar|sumııñ|sumlarııñ|sumqa|sumlarqa|sumı|sumları|sumça|sumlarça|sumda|sumlarda|sumla|sumlarla|sumvâra|sumlarvâra}} Forms: sumı [accusative, definite], sumlar [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], sum [nominative, singular], sumlar [nominative, plural], sumııñ [genitive, singular], sumlarııñ [genitive, plural], sumqa [dative, singular], sumlarqa [dative, plural], sumı [accusative, definite, singular], sumları [accusative, definite, plural], sumça [locative, singular], sumlarça [locative, plural], sumda [ablative, singular], sumlarda [ablative, plural], sumla [instrumental, singular], sumlarla [instrumental, plural], sumvâra [equative, singular], sumlarvâra [equative, plural], süm [alternative]
  1. hoof
    Sense id: en-sum-klj-noun-khLpyET8 Categories (other): Khalaj entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Khalaj entries with incorrect language header: 87 13
  2. fingernail Synonyms: məccə, tırnaq
    Sense id: en-sum-klj-noun-nCjoxhB0

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "klj",
        "2": "fa",
        "3": "سم",
        "tr": "som"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian سم (som)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Persian سم (som).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sumı",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "klj-infl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumııñ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarııñ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumqa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarqa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumça",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarça",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumvâra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarvâra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "süm",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "sum (definite accusative sumı, plural sumlar)",
      "name": "klj-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "u",
        "2": "c"
      },
      "name": "klj-infl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sum",
        "10": "sumlarça",
        "11": "sumda",
        "12": "sumlarda",
        "13": "sumla",
        "14": "sumlarla",
        "15": "sumvâra",
        "16": "sumlarvâra",
        "2": "sumlar",
        "3": "sumııñ",
        "4": "sumlarııñ",
        "5": "sumqa",
        "6": "sumlarqa",
        "7": "sumı",
        "8": "sumları",
        "9": "sumça"
      },
      "name": "klj-infl-noun-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Khalaj",
  "lang_code": "klj",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hoof"
      ],
      "id": "en-sum-klj-noun-khLpyET8",
      "links": [
        [
          "hoof",
          "hoof"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fingernail"
      ],
      "id": "en-sum-klj-noun-nCjoxhB0",
      "links": [
        [
          "fingernail",
          "fingernail"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "məccə"
        },
        {
          "word": "tırnaq"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sum/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sʊ̞m]",
      "note": "Talkh Ab"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sʊm]",
      "note": "Esfid"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sum"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
    "Khalaj lemmas",
    "Khalaj nouns",
    "Khalaj terms borrowed from Persian",
    "Khalaj terms derived from Persian",
    "Pages with 23 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "klj",
        "2": "fa",
        "3": "سم",
        "tr": "som"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian سم (som)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Persian سم (som).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sumı",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "klj-infl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumııñ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarııñ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumqa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarqa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumça",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarça",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumvâra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumlarvâra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "süm",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "sum (definite accusative sumı, plural sumlar)",
      "name": "klj-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "u",
        "2": "c"
      },
      "name": "klj-infl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sum",
        "10": "sumlarça",
        "11": "sumda",
        "12": "sumlarda",
        "13": "sumla",
        "14": "sumlarla",
        "15": "sumvâra",
        "16": "sumlarvâra",
        "2": "sumlar",
        "3": "sumııñ",
        "4": "sumlarııñ",
        "5": "sumqa",
        "6": "sumlarqa",
        "7": "sumı",
        "8": "sumları",
        "9": "sumça"
      },
      "name": "klj-infl-noun-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Khalaj",
  "lang_code": "klj",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hoof"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hoof",
          "hoof"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fingernail"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fingernail",
          "fingernail"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "məccə"
        },
        {
          "word": "tırnaq"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sum/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sʊ̞m]",
      "note": "Talkh Ab"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[sʊm]",
      "note": "Esfid"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sum meaning in Khalaj (2.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "sum",
    "Template:IPA",
    "Template:no deprecated lang param usage",
    "ARGVAL-1",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:IPA/templates:IPA()"
  ],
  "section": "Khalaj",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "sum",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 267934707<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 14 Jan 2026 20:10:25 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "sum",
    "Template:IPA",
    "Template:no deprecated lang param usage",
    "ARGVAL-1",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:IPA/templates:IPA()"
  ],
  "section": "Khalaj",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "sum",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 281657350<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 14 Jan 2026 20:11:20 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "sum",
    "Template:IPA",
    "Template:no deprecated lang param usage",
    "ARGVAL-1",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:IPA/templates:IPA()"
  ],
  "section": "Khalaj",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "sum",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 280937092<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 14 Jan 2026 20:12:16 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Khalaj dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.