See est on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for est meaning in All languages combined (66.6kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ISO 639-2",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ISO 639-3",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Theknightwho's maintenance category",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Estonian."
],
"id": "en-est-mul-symbol-bEQh9vyQ",
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Estonian."
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃neh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "este"
},
"expansion": "Middle English este",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēst",
"4": "",
"5": "will, consent, favour"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēst (“will, consent, favour”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ansti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ansti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*anstiz",
"4": "",
"5": "favour, affection"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“favour, affection”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ān-",
"4": "",
"5": "to notice; face, mouth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₃neh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "to bestow, offer, help; to enjoy"
},
"expansion": "*h₃neh₂- (“to bestow, offer, help; to enjoy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ást",
"3": "",
"4": "affection, love"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ást (“affection, love”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gunst",
"3": "",
"4": "favour, grace, courtesy, privilege"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gunst (“favour, grace, courtesy, privilege”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gunst",
"3": "",
"4": "favour, goodwill, boon"
},
"expansion": "German Gunst (“favour, goodwill, boon”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "yndest",
"3": "",
"4": "favour"
},
"expansion": "Danish yndest (“favour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ynnest",
"3": "",
"4": "favour, indulgence, grace"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ynnest (“favour, indulgence, grace”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English este, from Old English ēst (“will, consent, favour”), from Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“favour, affection”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”) or from *h₃neh₂- (“to bestow, offer, help; to enjoy”).\nCognate with Icelandic ást (“affection, love”), Dutch gunst (“favour, grace, courtesy, privilege”), German Gunst (“favour, goodwill, boon”), Danish yndest (“favour”), Swedish ynnest (“favour, indulgence, grace”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ests",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "est (usually uncountable, plural ests)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 37 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Knitting",
"orig": "en:Knitting",
"parents": [
"Crafts",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Grace; favour."
],
"id": "en-est-en-noun-0a1kNdbN",
"links": [
[
"Grace",
"grace"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Grace; favour."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "este"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "est (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "established"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 37 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Knitting",
"orig": "en:Knitting",
"parents": [
"Crafts",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "re-est"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Acme Manufacturing Inc., est 1952",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Julie Turjoman, Brave New Knits, page 49",
"text": "Work sleeve, sl raglan marker, work in ribbing as est to cable marker",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of established."
],
"id": "en-est-en-adj-2DtPLomF",
"links": [
[
"established",
"established#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "est."
}
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a course intended to promote satisfaction with life in the present moment, as opposed to strivings to attain it",
"word": "Erhard Seminars Training"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 37 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 48 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 41 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Knitting",
"orig": "en:Knitting",
"parents": [
"Crafts",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Initialism of Erhard Seminars Training, a course intended to promote satisfaction with life in the present moment, as opposed to strivings to attain it."
],
"id": "en-est-en-name-TCRqRibI",
"links": [
[
"Erhard Seminars Training",
"w:Erhard Seminars Training"
],
[
"course",
"course"
],
[
"satisfaction",
"satisfaction"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "EST"
},
{
"word": "Est"
}
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"initialism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "est first-singular present indicative",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "esti",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fute",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fute",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "him",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hits",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pp": "fute",
"pres3s": "esti"
},
"expansion": "est first-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicative esti, past participle fute)",
"name": "rup-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-est-rup-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hiu"
},
{
"word": "escu"
}
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French est",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French est",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "ca:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in the east of the country",
"text": "a l'est del país",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-ca-noun-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orient"
},
{
"word": "llevant"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈest]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "gorlewin"
},
{
"word": "howlsedhes"
},
{
"word": "west"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "en",
"3": "east"
},
"expansion": "English east",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English east.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{2}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "north-east",
"word": "north-est"
},
{
"english": "south-east",
"word": "soth-est"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-kw-noun-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "howldrehevel"
},
{
"word": "howldrevel"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "est",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "m",
"3": "t",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "co-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"est"
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "este"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Corsican entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "co",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "co:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of este"
],
"id": "en-est-co-noun-5X-L9r2p",
"links": [
[
"este",
"este#Corsican"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛst/"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "vera",
"4": "est"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną",
"4": "*izi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *izi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti",
"4": "*h₁ési"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sum",
"3": "es"
},
"expansion": "Latin es",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰμί",
"3": "εἶ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek εἶ (eî)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अस्ति",
"3": "असि",
"tr": "ási"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit असि (ási)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse est, from Proto-Germanic *izi, with addition of -t from the preterite-present verbs. The Germanic form goes back to Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési, cognate with Latin es, Ancient Greek εἶ (eî), Sanskrit असि (ási).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Even if I, each night, the meadows / Must walk upon, mourningly, / Thy power always has its grip on me, / Though thou art not present: ...",
"ref": "1812, Udvalgte danske Viser fra Middelalderen, page 19",
"text": "Om jeg end Engene hver Nat / I Sorgen maa betræde, / Din Magt den har mig altid fat, / Dog du est ej tilstede: ...",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "I can sort of guess what has driven thee to such things: / Undoubtedly, thou art become frightened of death. / Rabble, prepare thyself straight away, commence the journey, / Call together the people; see, thou canst save thy life!",
"ref": "1863, Ludvig baron Holberg, Frederik Ludvig LIEBENBERG, Vilhelm MARSTRAND, Ludvig Holbergs Peder Paars, udgivet for det Holbergske Samfund af F. L. Liebenberg, page 152",
"text": "Jeg nesten gietter hvad til saadant dig har dreven: / Du est vist uden Tvivl for Døden bange bleven. / Rak, giør Dig reede strax, paa Rejsen dig begiv, / Kald Folket sammen; see, du redde kand dit Liv!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“(thou) art”)",
"word": "være"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present tense second-person singular of være (“(thou) art”)"
],
"id": "en-est-da-verb-bidXakrP",
"links": [
[
"være",
"være#Danish"
],
[
"(thou) art",
"art#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) present tense second-person singular of være (“(thou) art”)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"form-of",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛsd̥]"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "non",
"3": "hestr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hestr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hanhistaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hanhistaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hangistaz"
},
"expansion": "*hangistaz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hest"
},
"expansion": "Danish hest",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse hestr, from Proto-Germanic *hanhistaz, an alternative form of *hangistaz. Compare Danish hest.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ovd-decl-noun-a1-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ester",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estär",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "este",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estemes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "ovd-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "est",
"2": "est",
"gsi": "-"
},
"name": "ovd-decl-noun-a1-m"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "estą",
"api": "esta",
"asd": "estn",
"asi": "est",
"dpd": "estum(e)",
"dpi": "estum",
"dsd": "estem",
"dsi": "este",
"g": "masculine",
"gpd": "estumes",
"gpi": "-",
"gsd": "estemes",
"gsi": "-",
"npd": "estär",
"npi": "ester",
"nsd": "estn",
"nsi": "est",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "est"
},
"name": "ovd-decl-blank-full"
}
],
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"lang_code": "ovd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elfdalian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elfdalian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:ovd-decl-blank-full",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:ovd-noun",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ovd",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "ovd:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse"
],
"id": "en-est-ovd-noun-~WKGK23C",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"inv": "1"
},
"expansion": "est (invariable)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 44 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "fr:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-fr-adj-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: este"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "este",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Corsican: este, est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Corsican: este, est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "leste",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: leste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: leste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "èst",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Occitan: èst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Occitan: èst"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: este",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "leste",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ leste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: este, → leste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: este"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 44 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "fr:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Grand Est"
},
{
"word": "heure normale de l’est"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-fr-noun-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orient"
},
{
"word": "levant"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French est",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Old French est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Latin est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Jésus-Christ"
},
"expansion": "Jésus-Christ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "",
"3": "êt"
},
"expansion": "êt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "",
"3": "être"
},
"expansion": "être",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "êtes"
},
"expansion": "êtes",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French est, from Old French est, from Latin est, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Next to Jésus-Christ, it is the only word in which silent internal s remains in modern French spelling. The expected form êt existed, but did not establish itself, in contrast to être and êtes. Possible reasons are the sheer frequency of est, its exact agreement with the Latin form, and the fact that it was usually unstressed and thus shortened.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 44 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "fr:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "c’est"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "être"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of être"
],
"id": "en-est-fr-verb-9I8-eBBS",
"links": [
[
"être",
"être#French"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "êt"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛ.t‿/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e.t‿/"
},
{
"homophone": "aie"
},
{
"homophone": "aies"
},
{
"homophone": "aient"
},
{
"homophone": "ais"
},
{
"homophone": "ait"
},
{
"homophone": "es (general)"
},
{
"homophone": "haie"
},
{
"homophone": "haies"
},
{
"homophone": "hais"
},
{
"homophone": "hait (aspirated)"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "esti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "estike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dalest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "emlékest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "estebéd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "estharang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "estidő"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "fogadóest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "karácsonyest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kultúrest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "táncest"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "",
"3": "es-"
},
"expansion": "es-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "esik",
"3": "-t",
"pos": "noun",
"pos2": "noun-forming suffix",
"t1": "to fall"
},
"expansion": "esik (“to fall”) + -t (noun-forming suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the es- stem of the verb esik (“to fall”) + -t (noun-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "estek",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "front unrounded harmony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-e-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esteket",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estnek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esteknek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esttel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekkel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estté",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "estekké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "estig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "estekig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "estként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "esteken",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "estnél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esteknél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "estekre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "esthez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekhez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esttől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estektől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esté",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esteké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "estéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-pos-etek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "estem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ested",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estjei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estünk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeink",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "estetek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeitek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estjük",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "estek",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{alt}}}",
"head": "",
"nopalindromecat": ""
},
"expansion": "est (plural estek)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ek"
},
"expansion": "est (plural estek)",
"name": "hu-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "este",
"2": "e"
},
"name": "hu-infl-nom"
},
{
"args": {
"1pl_pl": "estjeink",
"1pl_sg": "estünk",
"1sg_pl": "estjeim",
"1sg_sg": "estem",
"2pl_pl": "estjeitek",
"2pl_sg": "estetek",
"2sg_pl": "estjeid",
"2sg_sg": "ested",
"3pl_pl": "estjeik",
"3pl_sg": "estjük",
"3sg_pl": "estjei",
"3sg_sg": "estje",
"n": "",
"perspron": ""
},
"name": "hu-infl-pos-table"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian nouns suffixed with -t",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "hu",
"name": "Times of day",
"orig": "hu:Times of day",
"parents": [
"Periodic occurrences",
"Timekeeping",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"evening, eve"
],
"id": "en-est-hu-noun-crDepJMk",
"links": [
[
"evening",
"evening"
],
[
"eve",
"eve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) evening, eve"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "este"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an evening with entertainment",
"text": "műsoros est",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"recital, party (in the evening)"
],
"id": "en-est-hu-noun-iI5HycVS",
"links": [
[
"recital",
"recital"
],
[
"party",
"party"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, by extension) recital, party (in the evening)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛʃt]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
},
{
"audio": "Hu-est.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Hu-est.ogg/Hu-est.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Hu-est.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French est",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French est",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "est m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"èst"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "it:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-it-noun-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "oriente"
},
{
"word": "levante"
}
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "ye"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: ye",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: ye"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "és"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: és",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: és"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "est"
},
"expansion": "French: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "é"
},
"expansion": "Galician: é",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: é"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "è"
},
"expansion": "Italian: è",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: è"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "é"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: é",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: é"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "este",
"3": "e"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: este, e",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: este, e"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "est"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: es",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: es"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अस्ति",
"sc": "Deva",
"tr": "ásti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अस्ति (ásti)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐστί"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹",
"sc": "Xpeo",
"ts": "astiy"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (a-s-t-i-y /astiy/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒂊𒌍𒍣",
"sc": "Xsux",
"tr": "ēszi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒍣 (ēszi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ѥстъ",
"sc": "Cyrs"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ѥстъ (jestŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐍃𐍄"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.\nCognate with Sanskrit अस्ति (ásti), Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí), Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (a-s-t-i-y /astiy/), Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒍣 (ēszi), Old Church Slavonic ѥстъ (jestŭ), Gothic 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "h.e."
},
{
"word": "i.e."
},
{
"word": "mihi nomen est"
},
{
"word": "quid est nomen tibi"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "\"Marcus is a farmer.\"",
"text": "Marcus agricola est.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "\"He is old.\"",
"text": "Est senex.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "\"There is a girl in the villa.\"",
"text": "Est puella in vīllā.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present active indicative of sum"
],
"id": "en-est-la-verb-yGfPq458",
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/est/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛs̠t̪]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/est/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛst̪]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁édti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "edō",
"3": "",
"4": "I eat"
},
"expansion": "edō (“I eat”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "есть"
},
"expansion": "Russian есть (jestʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ēst"
},
"expansion": "Latvian ēst",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ꙗсти"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti; form of the verb edō (“I eat”). Cognate with Russian есть (jestʹ), Latvian ēst, Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ēst",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "ēst"
},
"expansion": "ēst",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "meanwhile, as a quiet wound lives in her chest.",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.66–67",
"text": "Ēst mollis flamma medullās\nintereā, et tacitum vīvit sub pectore vulnus.\nA soft flame consumes her [Dido's] bonemarrow"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "edō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present active indicative of edō"
],
"id": "en-est-la-verb-pwbOlvHo",
"links": [
[
"edō",
"edo#Latin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "edit"
}
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːst/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[eːs̠t̪]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/est/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛst̪]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "noun",
"3": "<small>please provide plural</small>",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est m (please provide plural)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "est m (please provide plural)",
"name": "lij-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ligurian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ligurian terms with the plural missing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east (cardinal point)"
],
"id": "en-est-lij-noun-jAUHQ732",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "east"
},
"expansion": "English: east",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: east"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cornish: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cornish: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "aist",
"3": "eist"
},
"expansion": "Scots: aist, eist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: aist, eist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*austr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *austr",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ēast, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *austr.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "esturne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "estward"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 5 1 34 4 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 3 1 32 3 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 9 30 9 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "enm:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "54 13 34",
"sense": "compass point",
"word": "north"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 13 34",
"sense": "compass point",
"word": "south"
},
{
"_dis1": "54 13 34",
"sense": "compass point",
"word": "west"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east, easternness"
],
"id": "en-est-enm-noun-q4UxA8ic",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east#English"
],
[
"easternness",
"easternness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A location to the south; the south"
],
"id": "en-est-enm-noun-PMQxPZ4K"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 5 1 34 4 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 3 1 32 3 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Orient"
],
"id": "en-est-enm-noun-Fdrs7id3",
"links": [
[
"Orient",
"Orient"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛːst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "æst"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "este"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "eest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "east"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "easte"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "east"
},
"expansion": "English: east",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: east"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "aist",
"3": "eist"
},
"expansion": "Scots: aist, eist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: aist, eist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*austr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *austr",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ēast, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *austr.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 5 1 34 4 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 3 1 32 3 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To the east, eastwards, eastbound"
],
"id": "en-est-enm-adv-SnvU~kFj",
"links": [
[
"eastwards",
"eastwards"
],
[
"eastbound",
"eastbound"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"From the east, eastern"
],
"id": "en-est-enm-adv-hzMTGrX9",
"links": [
[
"eastern",
"eastern"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In the east"
],
"id": "en-est-enm-adv-k3ZdSZaQ"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛːst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "æst"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "este"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "eest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "east"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "easte"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "estre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of estre"
],
"id": "en-est-frm-verb-cOqiEVJY",
"links": [
[
"estre",
"estre#Middle French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "ang",
"3": "east",
"4": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "uncountable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "nrf-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Guernsey Norman",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sarkese Norman",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nrf",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "nrf:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-nrm-noun-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Guernsey, Sark) east"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"continental-Normandy"
],
"word": "êt"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "êst"
}
],
"tags": [
"Guernsey",
"Sark",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "este"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: este"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "est",
"3": "este"
},
"expansion": "English: est, este",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: est, este (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ansti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ansti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*anstiz",
"4": "",
"5": "grace, thanks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*unnaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to grant, thank"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ān-",
"4": "",
"5": "to notice; face, mouth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "anst",
"3": "",
"4": "grace, favour"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "anst",
"3": "",
"4": "goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace"
},
"expansion": "Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "joy, grace, thankfulness"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "unnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to grant, allow"
},
"expansion": "Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”), derivative of Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”).\nCognate with Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”), Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”). Related to Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”). More at own.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ēst",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ēst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-i-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ēst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "ēste",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f",
"g3": "",
"head": "ēst",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "ēste",
"g2": "f",
"head": "ēst"
},
"expansion": "ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ēst"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ēst",
"2": "ēstas",
"3": "ēst",
"4": "ēstas",
"5": "ēstes",
"6": "ēsta",
"7": "ēste",
"8": "ēstum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong i-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ēst"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-i-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ēst",
"2": "ēste,ēsta",
"3": "ēst,ēste",
"4": "ēste,ēsta",
"5": "ēste",
"6": "ēsta",
"7": "ēste",
"8": "ēstum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong i-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"consent, grace, favor; kindness"
],
"id": "en-est-ang-noun-zWW9E9q9",
"links": [
[
"consent",
"consent"
],
[
"grace",
"grace"
],
[
"favor",
"favor"
],
[
"kindness",
"kindness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pleasure"
],
"id": "en-est-ang-noun-8aWDs~W-",
"links": [
[
"pleasure",
"pleasure"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ār"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "āre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ǣst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "estre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of estre"
],
"id": "en-est-fro-verb-cOqiEVJY",
"links": [
[
"estre",
"estre#Old French"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ẽ"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vera"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active indicative of vera"
],
"id": "en-est-non-verb-~mVUwGbU",
"links": [
[
"vera",
"vera#Old Norse"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French est",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French est",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est n (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "estelor",
"gpi": "este",
"gsd": "estului",
"gsi": "est",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "estele",
"npi": "este",
"nsd": "estul",
"nsi": "est",
"vp": "estelor",
"vs": "estule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "ro:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"sense": "compass points",
"word": "punct cardinal"
},
{
"word": "miazănoapte"
},
{
"word": "apus"
},
{
"word": "răsărit"
},
{
"word": "miazăzi"
},
{
"word": "nord-vest"
},
{
"word": "nord"
},
{
"word": "nord-est"
},
{
"word": "vest"
},
{
"word": "sud-vest"
},
{
"word": "sud"
},
{
"word": "sud-est"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-ro-noun-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orient"
},
{
"word": "răsărit"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "la",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Latin est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin est, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "sc",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sardinian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "èssere"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of èssere"
],
"id": "en-est-sc-verb-kjGVlUgA",
"links": [
[
"èssere",
"èssere#Sardinian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈest/"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "noun",
"3": "uncountable",
"cat2": "uncountable nouns",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est (uncountable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "est (uncountable)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Orkney Scots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"envy"
],
"id": "en-est-sco-noun-~JE2jyA2",
"links": [
[
"envy",
"envy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Orkney) envy"
],
"tags": [
"Orkney",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/øst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aest"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ests",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estan",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ested",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ested",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "ested",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "ests",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "estan",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "ested",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est (third-person singular simple present ests, present participle estan, simple past ested, past participle ested)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ests",
"2": "estan",
"3": "ested"
},
"expansion": "est (third-person singular simple present ests, present participle estan, simple past ested, past participle ested)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Orkney Scots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To envy."
],
"id": "en-est-sco-verb-~osaXXc7",
"links": [
[
"envy",
"envy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Orkney) To envy."
],
"tags": [
"Orkney"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/øst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aest"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ester",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esterna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ests",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esters",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esternas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "est c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "est c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Nationalities",
"orig": "sv:Nationalities",
"parents": [
"Demonyms",
"People",
"Names",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Estonian; a person from Estonia"
],
"id": "en-est-sv-noun--COXs~Xw",
"links": [
[
"Estonian",
"Estonian"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "estländsk"
},
{
"word": "estniska"
},
{
"word": "estnisk"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sv-est.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/Sv-est.ogg/Sv-est.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Sv-est.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "cy-verb form"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mynd"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular preterite colloquial of mynd"
],
"id": "en-est-cy-verb-CfEzbXDj",
"links": [
[
"mynd",
"mynd#Welsh"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "aethost"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"form-of",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛsd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛst]",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/eːsd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[eːst]",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛsd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛst]",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛsd"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "est first-singular present indicative",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "esti",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fute",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fute",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esht",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "him",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hits",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pp": "fute",
"pres3s": "esti"
},
"expansion": "est first-singular present indicative (third-person singular present indicative esti, past participle fute)",
"name": "rup-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Aromanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Aromanian lemmas",
"Aromanian verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hiu"
},
{
"word": "escu"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French est",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French est",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms borrowed from French",
"Catalan terms derived from French",
"Catalan terms derived from Old English",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Catalan terms with audio links",
"Catalan terms with usage examples",
"Catalan uncountable nouns",
"ca:Compass points"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in the east of the country",
"text": "a l'est del país",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orient"
},
{
"word": "llevant"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈest]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencian"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q7026 (cat)-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav/LL-Q7026_%28cat%29-Unjoanqualsevol-est.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "gorlewin"
},
{
"word": "howlsedhes"
},
{
"word": "west"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "north-east",
"word": "north-est"
},
{
"english": "south-east",
"word": "soth-est"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "en",
"3": "east"
},
"expansion": "English east",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English east.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{2}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms borrowed from English",
"Cornish terms derived from English"
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "howldrehevel"
},
{
"word": "howldrevel"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "est",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "m",
"3": "t",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "co-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"est"
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "este"
}
],
"categories": [
"Corsican entries with incorrect language header",
"Corsican lemmas",
"Corsican masculine nouns",
"Corsican nouns",
"Corsican terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Corsican terms with redundant head parameter",
"Corsican uncountable nouns",
"co:Compass points"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of este"
],
"links": [
[
"este",
"este#Corsican"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛst/"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "vera",
"4": "est"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wesaną",
"4": "*izi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *izi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti",
"4": "*h₁ési"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sum",
"3": "es"
},
"expansion": "Latin es",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "εἰμί",
"3": "εἶ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek εἶ (eî)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अस्ति",
"3": "असि",
"tr": "ási"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit असि (ási)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse est, from Proto-Germanic *izi, with addition of -t from the preterite-present verbs. The Germanic form goes back to Proto-Indo-European *h₁ési, cognate with Latin es, Ancient Greek εἶ (eî), Sanskrit असि (ási).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish archaic verb forms",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Danish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Danish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Danish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Danish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Danish terms with quotations",
"Danish verb forms",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Even if I, each night, the meadows / Must walk upon, mourningly, / Thy power always has its grip on me, / Though thou art not present: ...",
"ref": "1812, Udvalgte danske Viser fra Middelalderen, page 19",
"text": "Om jeg end Engene hver Nat / I Sorgen maa betræde, / Din Magt den har mig altid fat, / Dog du est ej tilstede: ...",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "I can sort of guess what has driven thee to such things: / Undoubtedly, thou art become frightened of death. / Rabble, prepare thyself straight away, commence the journey, / Call together the people; see, thou canst save thy life!",
"ref": "1863, Ludvig baron Holberg, Frederik Ludvig LIEBENBERG, Vilhelm MARSTRAND, Ludvig Holbergs Peder Paars, udgivet for det Holbergske Samfund af F. L. Liebenberg, page 152",
"text": "Jeg nesten gietter hvad til saadant dig har dreven: / Du est vist uden Tvivl for Døden bange bleven. / Rak, giør Dig reede strax, paa Rejsen dig begiv, / Kald Folket sammen; see, du redde kand dit Liv!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“(thou) art”)",
"word": "være"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present tense second-person singular of være (“(thou) art”)"
],
"links": [
[
"være",
"være#Danish"
],
[
"(thou) art",
"art#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) present tense second-person singular of være (“(thou) art”)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"form-of",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛsd̥]"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "non",
"3": "hestr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hestr",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hanhistaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hanhistaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hangistaz"
},
"expansion": "*hangistaz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hest"
},
"expansion": "Danish hest",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse hestr, from Proto-Germanic *hanhistaz, an alternative form of *hangistaz. Compare Danish hest.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ovd-decl-noun-a1-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ester",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estär",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "este",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estemes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m",
"name": "ovd-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "est",
"2": "est",
"gsi": "-"
},
"name": "ovd-decl-noun-a1-m"
},
{
"args": {
"apd": "estą",
"api": "esta",
"asd": "estn",
"asi": "est",
"dpd": "estum(e)",
"dpi": "estum",
"dsd": "estem",
"dsi": "este",
"g": "masculine",
"gpd": "estumes",
"gpi": "-",
"gsd": "estemes",
"gsi": "-",
"npd": "estär",
"npi": "ester",
"nsd": "estn",
"nsi": "est",
"stem": "strong a-stem",
"title": "est"
},
"name": "ovd-decl-blank-full"
}
],
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"lang_code": "ovd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Elfdalian a-stem nouns",
"Elfdalian entries with incorrect language header",
"Elfdalian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Elfdalian lemmas",
"Elfdalian masculine nouns",
"Elfdalian nouns",
"Elfdalian terms derived from Old Norse",
"Elfdalian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Elfdalian terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Elfdalian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages using bad params when calling Template:ovd-decl-blank-full",
"Pages using bad params when calling Template:ovd-noun",
"ovd:Horses"
],
"glosses": [
"horse"
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃neh₂-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable",
"en:Knitting"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃neh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "este"
},
"expansion": "Middle English este",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēst",
"4": "",
"5": "will, consent, favour"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēst (“will, consent, favour”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ansti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ansti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*anstiz",
"4": "",
"5": "favour, affection"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“favour, affection”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ān-",
"4": "",
"5": "to notice; face, mouth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₃neh₂-",
"3": "",
"4": "to bestow, offer, help; to enjoy"
},
"expansion": "*h₃neh₂- (“to bestow, offer, help; to enjoy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ást",
"3": "",
"4": "affection, love"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ást (“affection, love”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gunst",
"3": "",
"4": "favour, grace, courtesy, privilege"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gunst (“favour, grace, courtesy, privilege”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gunst",
"3": "",
"4": "favour, goodwill, boon"
},
"expansion": "German Gunst (“favour, goodwill, boon”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "yndest",
"3": "",
"4": "favour"
},
"expansion": "Danish yndest (“favour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ynnest",
"3": "",
"4": "favour, indulgence, grace"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ynnest (“favour, indulgence, grace”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English este, from Old English ēst (“will, consent, favour”), from Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“favour, affection”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”) or from *h₃neh₂- (“to bestow, offer, help; to enjoy”).\nCognate with Icelandic ást (“affection, love”), Dutch gunst (“favour, grace, courtesy, privilege”), German Gunst (“favour, goodwill, boon”), Danish yndest (“favour”), Swedish ynnest (“favour, indulgence, grace”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ests",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "est (usually uncountable, plural ests)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Grace; favour."
],
"links": [
[
"Grace",
"grace"
],
[
"favour",
"favour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Grace; favour."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "este"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable",
"en:Knitting"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "re-est"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "est (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "established"
}
],
"categories": [
"English abbreviations",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Acme Manufacturing Inc., est 1952",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Julie Turjoman, Brave New Knits, page 49",
"text": "Work sleeve, sl raglan marker, work in ribbing as est to cable marker",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Abbreviation of established."
],
"links": [
[
"established",
"established#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "est."
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable",
"en:Knitting"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a course intended to promote satisfaction with life in the present moment, as opposed to strivings to attain it",
"word": "Erhard Seminars Training"
}
],
"categories": [
"English initialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"Initialism of Erhard Seminars Training, a course intended to promote satisfaction with life in the present moment, as opposed to strivings to attain it."
],
"links": [
[
"Erhard Seminars Training",
"w:Erhard Seminars Training"
],
[
"course",
"course"
],
[
"satisfaction",
"satisfaction"
],
[
"life",
"life"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"initialism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "EST"
},
{
"word": "Est"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French heteronyms",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old English",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"French uncountable nouns",
"French verb forms",
"Rhymes:French/ɛst",
"Rhymes:French/ɛst/1 syllable",
"fr:Compass points"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"inv": "1"
},
"expansion": "est (invariable)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French heteronyms",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old English",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"French uncountable nouns",
"French verb forms",
"Rhymes:French/ɛst",
"Rhymes:French/ɛst/1 syllable",
"fr:Compass points"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Grand Est"
},
{
"word": "heure normale de l’est"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: este"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "este",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Corsican: este, est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Corsican: este, est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "leste",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: leste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: leste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "èst",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Occitan: èst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Occitan: èst"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: este",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "leste",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ leste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: este, → leste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: este"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orient"
},
{
"word": "levant"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French heteronyms",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"French verb forms",
"fr:Compass points"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "c’est"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French est",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Old French est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Latin est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Jésus-Christ"
},
"expansion": "Jésus-Christ",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "",
"3": "êt"
},
"expansion": "êt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "",
"3": "être"
},
"expansion": "être",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "êtes"
},
"expansion": "êtes",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French est, from Old French est, from Latin est, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Next to Jésus-Christ, it is the only word in which silent internal s remains in modern French spelling. The expected form êt existed, but did not establish itself, in contrast to être and êtes. Possible reasons are the sheer frequency of est, its exact agreement with the Latin form, and the fact that it was usually unstressed and thus shortened.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "être"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of être"
],
"links": [
[
"être",
"être#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛ.t‿/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e.t‿/"
},
{
"homophone": "aie"
},
{
"homophone": "aies"
},
{
"homophone": "aient"
},
{
"homophone": "ais"
},
{
"homophone": "ait"
},
{
"homophone": "es (general)"
},
{
"homophone": "haie"
},
{
"homophone": "haies"
},
{
"homophone": "hais"
},
{
"homophone": "hait (aspirated)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "êt"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Hungarian nouns",
"Hungarian nouns suffixed with -t",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hungarian terms with audio links",
"Hungarian three-letter words",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛʃt",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛʃt/1 syllable",
"hu:Times of day"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "esti"
},
{
"word": "estike"
},
{
"word": "dalest"
},
{
"word": "emlékest"
},
{
"word": "estebéd"
},
{
"word": "estharang"
},
{
"word": "estidő"
},
{
"word": "fogadóest"
},
{
"word": "karácsonyest"
},
{
"word": "kultúrest"
},
{
"word": "táncest"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "",
"3": "es-"
},
"expansion": "es-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "esik",
"3": "-t",
"pos": "noun",
"pos2": "noun-forming suffix",
"t1": "to fall"
},
"expansion": "esik (“to fall”) + -t (noun-forming suffix)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the es- stem of the verb esik (“to fall”) + -t (noun-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "estek",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "front unrounded harmony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-e-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esteket",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estnek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esteknek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esttel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekkel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estté",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "estekké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "estig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "estekig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "estként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekben",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "esteken",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "estnél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esteknél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "estekre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "esthez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekhez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekből",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "estről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekről",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esttől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estektől",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esté",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esteké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "estéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estekéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-pos-etek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "estem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ested",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estjei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estünk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeink",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "estetek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeitek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estjük",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estjeik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "estek",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{alt}}}",
"head": "",
"nopalindromecat": ""
},
"expansion": "est (plural estek)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ek"
},
"expansion": "est (plural estek)",
"name": "hu-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "este",
"2": "e"
},
"name": "hu-infl-nom"
},
{
"args": {
"1pl_pl": "estjeink",
"1pl_sg": "estünk",
"1sg_pl": "estjeim",
"1sg_sg": "estem",
"2pl_pl": "estjeitek",
"2pl_sg": "estetek",
"2sg_pl": "estjeid",
"2sg_sg": "ested",
"3pl_pl": "estjeik",
"3pl_sg": "estjük",
"3sg_pl": "estjei",
"3sg_sg": "estje",
"n": "",
"perspron": ""
},
"name": "hu-infl-pos-table"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"evening, eve"
],
"links": [
[
"evening",
"evening"
],
[
"eve",
"eve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) evening, eve"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "este"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian literary terms",
"Hungarian terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "an evening with entertainment",
"text": "műsoros est",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"recital, party (in the evening)"
],
"links": [
[
"recital",
"recital"
],
[
"party",
"party"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, by extension) recital, party (in the evening)"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɛʃt]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
},
{
"audio": "Hu-est.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Hu-est.ogg/Hu-est.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Hu-est.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French est",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French est",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "est m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"èst"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from French",
"Italian terms derived from French",
"Italian terms derived from Old English",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛst",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛst/1 syllable",
"it:Compass points"
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "oriente"
},
{
"word": "levante"
}
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verb forms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "h.e."
},
{
"word": "i.e."
},
{
"word": "mihi nomen est"
},
{
"word": "quid est nomen tibi"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "ye"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: ye",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: ye"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "és"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: és",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: és"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "est"
},
"expansion": "French: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "é"
},
"expansion": "Galician: é",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: é"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "è"
},
"expansion": "Italian: è",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: è"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "é"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: é",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: é"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "este",
"3": "e"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: este, e",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: este, e"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "est"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: es",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: es"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अस्ति",
"sc": "Deva",
"tr": "ásti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अस्ति (ásti)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐστί"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹",
"sc": "Xpeo",
"ts": "astiy"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (a-s-t-i-y /astiy/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒂊𒌍𒍣",
"sc": "Xsux",
"tr": "ēszi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒍣 (ēszi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ѥстъ",
"sc": "Cyrs"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ѥстъ (jestŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐍃𐍄"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.\nCognate with Sanskrit अस्ति (ásti), Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí), Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (a-s-t-i-y /astiy/), Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒍣 (ēszi), Old Church Slavonic ѥстъ (jestŭ), Gothic 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "\"Marcus is a farmer.\"",
"text": "Marcus agricola est.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "\"He is old.\"",
"text": "Est senex.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "\"There is a girl in the villa.\"",
"text": "Est puella in vīllā.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present active indicative of sum"
],
"links": [
[
"sum",
"sum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/est/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛs̠t̪]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/est/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛst̪]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁édti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "edō",
"3": "",
"4": "I eat"
},
"expansion": "edō (“I eat”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "есть"
},
"expansion": "Russian есть (jestʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ēst"
},
"expansion": "Latvian ēst",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ꙗсти"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti; form of the verb edō (“I eat”). Cognate with Russian есть (jestʹ), Latvian ēst, Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ēst",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "ēst"
},
"expansion": "ēst",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "meanwhile, as a quiet wound lives in her chest.",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.66–67",
"text": "Ēst mollis flamma medullās\nintereā, et tacitum vīvit sub pectore vulnus.\nA soft flame consumes her [Dido's] bonemarrow"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "edō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present active indicative of edō"
],
"links": [
[
"edō",
"edo#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːst/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[eːs̠t̪]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/est/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛst̪]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "edit"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "noun",
"3": "<small>please provide plural</small>",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est m (please provide plural)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "est m (please provide plural)",
"name": "lij-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ligurian",
"lang_code": "lij",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ligurian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ligurian lemmas",
"Ligurian masculine nouns",
"Ligurian nouns",
"Ligurian terms with the plural missing"
],
"glosses": [
"east (cardinal point)"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Compass points"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"sense": "compass point",
"word": "north"
},
{
"sense": "compass point",
"word": "south"
},
{
"sense": "compass point",
"word": "west"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "east"
},
"expansion": "English: east",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: east"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cornish: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cornish: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "aist",
"3": "eist"
},
"expansion": "Scots: aist, eist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: aist, eist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*austr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *austr",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ēast, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *austr.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "esturne"
},
{
"word": "estward"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"east, easternness"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east#English"
],
[
"easternness",
"easternness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A location to the south; the south"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The Orient"
],
"links": [
[
"Orient",
"Orient"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛːst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "æst"
},
{
"word": "este"
},
{
"word": "eest"
},
{
"word": "east"
},
{
"word": "easte"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Compass points"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "east"
},
"expansion": "English: east",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: east"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "aist",
"3": "eist"
},
"expansion": "Scots: aist, eist",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: aist, eist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*austr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *austr",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ēast, in turn from Proto-West Germanic *austr.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To the east, eastwards, eastbound"
],
"links": [
[
"eastwards",
"eastwards"
],
[
"eastbound",
"eastbound"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"From the east, eastern"
],
"links": [
[
"eastern",
"eastern"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In the east"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛːst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "æst"
},
{
"word": "este"
},
{
"word": "eest"
},
{
"word": "east"
},
{
"word": "easte"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French non-lemma forms",
"Middle French verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "estre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of estre"
],
"links": [
[
"estre",
"estre#Middle French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "ang",
"3": "east",
"4": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "uncountable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "nrf-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Guernsey Norman",
"Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"Norman lemmas",
"Norman masculine nouns",
"Norman nouns",
"Norman terms derived from Old English",
"Norman terms derived from Old French",
"Norman terms inherited from Old French",
"Old English links with redundant target parameters",
"Sarkese Norman",
"nrf:Compass points"
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Guernsey, Sark) east"
],
"tags": [
"Guernsey",
"Sark",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"continental-Normandy"
],
"word": "êt"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "êst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English feminine nouns",
"Old English i-stem nouns",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English nouns with multiple genders",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "este"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: este"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "est",
"3": "este"
},
"expansion": "English: est, este",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: est, este (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*ansti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ansti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*anstiz",
"4": "",
"5": "grace, thanks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*unnaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to grant, thank"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ān-",
"4": "",
"5": "to notice; face, mouth"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "anst",
"3": "",
"4": "grace, favour"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "anst",
"3": "",
"4": "goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace"
},
"expansion": "Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "joy, grace, thankfulness"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "unnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to grant, allow"
},
"expansion": "Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”), derivative of Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”).\nCognate with Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”), Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”). Related to Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”). More at own.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ēst",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ēst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-i-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ēst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēst",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēsta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ēste",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ēstum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "ēste",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f",
"g3": "",
"head": "ēst",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "ēste",
"g2": "f",
"head": "ēst"
},
"expansion": "ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ēst"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ēst",
"2": "ēstas",
"3": "ēst",
"4": "ēstas",
"5": "ēstes",
"6": "ēsta",
"7": "ēste",
"8": "ēstum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong i-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ēst"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-i-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ēst",
"2": "ēste,ēsta",
"3": "ēst,ēste",
"4": "ēste,ēsta",
"5": "ēste",
"6": "ēsta",
"7": "ēste",
"8": "ēstum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong i-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"consent, grace, favor; kindness"
],
"links": [
[
"consent",
"consent"
],
[
"grace",
"grace"
],
[
"favor",
"favor"
],
[
"kindness",
"kindness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pleasure"
],
"links": [
[
"pleasure",
"pleasure"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ār"
},
{
"word": "āre"
},
{
"word": "ǣst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French non-lemma forms",
"Old French verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "estre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of estre"
],
"links": [
[
"estre",
"estre#Old French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ẽ"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse non-lemma forms",
"Old Norse verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vera"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active indicative of vera"
],
"links": [
[
"vera",
"vera#Old Norse"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"sense": "compass points",
"word": "punct cardinal"
},
{
"word": "miazănoapte"
},
{
"word": "apus"
},
{
"word": "răsărit"
},
{
"word": "miazăzi"
},
{
"word": "nord-vest"
},
{
"word": "nord"
},
{
"word": "nord-est"
},
{
"word": "vest"
},
{
"word": "sud-vest"
},
{
"word": "sud"
},
{
"word": "sud-est"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French est",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French est",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French est, from Old English ēast.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est n (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "estelor",
"gpi": "este",
"gsd": "estului",
"gsi": "est",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "estele",
"npi": "este",
"nsd": "estul",
"nsi": "est",
"vp": "estelor",
"vs": "estule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian terms derived from Old English",
"Romanian uncountable nouns",
"ro:Compass points"
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orient"
},
{
"word": "răsărit"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "la",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Latin est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin est, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Sardinian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sardinian non-lemma forms",
"Sardinian terms derived from Latin",
"Sardinian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sardinian terms inherited from Latin",
"Sardinian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sardinian verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "èssere"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of èssere"
],
"links": [
[
"èssere",
"èssere#Sardinian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈest/"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Scots uncountable nouns",
"Scots verbs"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "noun",
"3": "uncountable",
"cat2": "uncountable nouns",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est (uncountable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "est (uncountable)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Orkney Scots"
],
"glosses": [
"envy"
],
"links": [
[
"envy",
"envy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Orkney) envy"
],
"tags": [
"Orkney",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/øst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aest"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Scots uncountable nouns",
"Scots verbs"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ests",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "estan",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ested",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ested",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "ested",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "ests",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "estan",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "ested",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "est (third-person singular simple present ests, present participle estan, simple past ested, past participle ested)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ests",
"2": "estan",
"3": "ested"
},
"expansion": "est (third-person singular simple present ests, present participle estan, simple past ested, past participle ested)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Orkney Scots"
],
"glosses": [
"To envy."
],
"links": [
[
"envy",
"envy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Orkney) To envy."
],
"tags": [
"Orkney"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːst/"
},
{
"ipa": "/øst/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aest"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ester",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esterna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ests",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "estens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esters",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esternas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "est c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "est c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "estländsk"
},
{
"word": "estniska"
},
{
"word": "estnisk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms with audio links",
"sv:Nationalities"
],
"glosses": [
"Estonian; a person from Estonia"
],
"links": [
[
"Estonian",
"Estonian"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sv-est.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/Sv-est.ogg/Sv-est.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Sv-est.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ISO 639-2",
"ISO 639-3",
"Theknightwho's maintenance category",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Estonian."
],
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Estonian."
]
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "cy-verb form"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɛsd",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɛsd/1 syllable",
"Welsh colloquial verb forms",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Welsh verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mynd"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular preterite colloquial of mynd"
],
"links": [
[
"mynd",
"mynd#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"form-of",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛsd/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛst]",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/eːsd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[eːst]",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛsd/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛst]",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛsd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "aethost"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'mini'",
"path": [
"est"
],
"section": "Aromanian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "est",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'tini'",
"path": [
"est"
],
"section": "Aromanian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "est",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nes, nese, el'",
"path": [
"est"
],
"section": "Aromanian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "est",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nesh, nesi, ei / eyi, eli'",
"path": [
"est"
],
"section": "Aromanian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "est",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Romanian]; cleaned text: n gender",
"path": [
"est"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "est",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"est",
"ovd-noun",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
"section": "Elfdalian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "est",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"est",
"ovd-noun",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:checkparams:warn()",
"frame:preprocess()",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Elfdalian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "est",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
"est",
"ovd-noun",
"#tag",
"#tag"
],
"section": "Elfdalian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "est",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
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"section": "Elfdalian",
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.