"est" meaning in Old English

See est in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /eːst/
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”), derivative of Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”). Cognate with Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”), Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”). Related to Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”). More at own. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*ansti}} Proto-West Germanic *ansti, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*anstiz||grace, thanks}} Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”), {{der|ang|gem-pro|*unnaną||to grant, thank}} Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”), {{der|ang|ine-pro|*ān-||to notice; face, mouth}} Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”), {{cog|osx|anst||grace, favour}} Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”), {{cog|goh|anst||goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace}} Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”), {{cog|got|𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃||joy, grace, thankfulness}} Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”), {{cog|ang|unnan||to grant, allow}} Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|nominative plural|ēste|||g=m|g2=f|g3=|head=ēst|head2=|sort=}} ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste), {{ang-noun|m|ēste|g2=f|head=ēst}} ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste) Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-i-m|ēst}}, {{ang-decl-noun|ēst|ēstas|ēst|ēstas|ēstes|ēsta|ēste|ēstum|num=|title=|type=strong i-stem}}, {{ang-decl-noun-i-f|ēst}}, {{ang-decl-noun|ēst|ēste,ēsta|ēst,ēste|ēste,ēsta|ēste|ēsta|ēste|ēstum|num=|title=|type=strong i-stem}} Forms: ēst [canonical, feminine, masculine], ēste [nominative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], ēst [nominative, singular], ēstas [nominative, plural], ēst [accusative, singular], ēstas [accusative, plural], ēstes [genitive, singular], ēsta [genitive, plural], ēste [dative, singular], ēstum [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], ēst [nominative, singular], ēste [nominative, plural], ēsta [nominative, plural], ēst [accusative, singular], ēste [accusative, singular], ēste [accusative, plural], ēsta [accusative, plural], ēste [genitive, singular], ēsta [genitive, plural], ēste [dative, singular], ēstum [dative, plural], ǣst [alternative]
  1. consent, grace, favor; kindness
    Sense id: en-est-ang-noun-zWW9E9q9 Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 91 9
  2. pleasure
    Sense id: en-est-ang-noun-8aWDs~W-
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ār, āre 
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "este"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: este",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: este"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "est",
            "3": "este"
          },
          "expansion": "English: est, este",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: est, este (obsolete)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*ansti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ansti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*anstiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "grace, thanks"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*unnaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grant, thank"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ān-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to notice; face, mouth"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "anst",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grace, favour"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "anst",
        "3": "",
        "4": "goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃",
        "3": "",
        "4": "joy, grace, thankfulness"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "unnan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grant, allow"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”), derivative of Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”).\nCognate with Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”), Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”). Related to Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”). More at own.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēsta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēsta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēsta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēsta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣst",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "nominative plural",
        "4": "ēste",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "ēst",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "ēste",
        "g2": "f",
        "head": "ēst"
      },
      "expansion": "ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēst"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēst",
        "2": "ēstas",
        "3": "ēst",
        "4": "ēstas",
        "5": "ēstes",
        "6": "ēsta",
        "7": "ēste",
        "8": "ēstum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēst"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēst",
        "2": "ēste,ēsta",
        "3": "ēst,ēste",
        "4": "ēste,ēsta",
        "5": "ēste",
        "6": "ēsta",
        "7": "ēste",
        "8": "ēstum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "91 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "consent, grace, favor; kindness"
      ],
      "id": "en-est-ang-noun-zWW9E9q9",
      "links": [
        [
          "consent",
          "consent"
        ],
        [
          "grace",
          "grace"
        ],
        [
          "favor",
          "favor"
        ],
        [
          "kindness",
          "kindness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pleasure"
      ],
      "id": "en-est-ang-noun-8aWDs~W-",
      "links": [
        [
          "pleasure",
          "pleasure"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/eːst/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ār"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "āre"
    }
  ],
  "word": "est"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English feminine nouns",
    "Old English i-stem nouns",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English masculine nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English nouns with multiple genders",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 24 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "este"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: este",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: este"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "est",
            "3": "este"
          },
          "expansion": "English: est, este",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: est, este (obsolete)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*ansti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ansti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*anstiz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "grace, thanks"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*unnaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grant, thank"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ān-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to notice; face, mouth"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "anst",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grace, favour"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "anst",
        "3": "",
        "4": "goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃",
        "3": "",
        "4": "joy, grace, thankfulness"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "unnan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grant, allow"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *ansti, from Proto-Germanic *anstiz (“grace, thanks”), derivative of Proto-Germanic *unnaną (“to grant, thank”), from Proto-Indo-European *ān- (“to notice; face, mouth”).\nCognate with Old Saxon anst (“grace, favour”), Old High German anst (“goodwill, benevolence, thanks, grace”), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐍃𐍄𐍃 (ansts, “joy, grace, thankfulness”). Related to Old English unnan (“to grant, allow”). More at own.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēsta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēsta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēsta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēsta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēstum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣst",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "nominative plural",
        "4": "ēste",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "ēst",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "ēste",
        "g2": "f",
        "head": "ēst"
      },
      "expansion": "ēst m or f (nominative plural ēste)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēst"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēst",
        "2": "ēstas",
        "3": "ēst",
        "4": "ēstas",
        "5": "ēstes",
        "6": "ēsta",
        "7": "ēste",
        "8": "ēstum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēst"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēst",
        "2": "ēste,ēsta",
        "3": "ēst,ēste",
        "4": "ēste,ēsta",
        "5": "ēste",
        "6": "ēsta",
        "7": "ēste",
        "8": "ēstum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "consent, grace, favor; kindness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "consent",
          "consent"
        ],
        [
          "grace",
          "grace"
        ],
        [
          "favor",
          "favor"
        ],
        [
          "kindness",
          "kindness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pleasure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pleasure",
          "pleasure"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/eːst/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ār"
    },
    {
      "word": "āre"
    }
  ],
  "word": "est"
}

Download raw JSONL data for est meaning in Old English (5.9kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.