See est in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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},
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"2": "fro",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
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"id": "",
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"pos": "",
"sc": "",
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"tr": "",
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},
"expansion": "Old French",
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{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
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"expansion": "Inherited from Old French",
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"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
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"expansion": "Old English ēast",
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"head_templates": [
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"args": {
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"expansion": "est (invariable)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 42 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "fr:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-fr-adj-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
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"invariable"
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],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: este"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "este",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Corsican: este, est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Corsican: este, est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "leste",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: leste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: leste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "èst",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Occitan: èst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Occitan: èst"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: este",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "leste",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ leste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: este, → leste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: este"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
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"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "fr-noun"
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],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 42 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "fr:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Grand Est"
},
{
"word": "heure normale de l’est"
}
],
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"id": "en-est-fr-noun-a9smKwIB",
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
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{
"word": "orient"
},
{
"word": "levant"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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"args": {
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"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
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"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French est",
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{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Old French est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Latin est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French est, from Old French est, from Latin est, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Next to Jésus-Christ, it is the only word in which silent internal s remains in modern French spelling. The expected form êt existed, but did not establish itself, in contrast to être and êtes. Possible reasons are the sheer frequency of est, its exact agreement with the Latin form, and the fact that it was usually unstressed and thus shortened.",
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
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"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 12 14 0 10 11 7 10 2 2 5 1 0 7 0 5 1 0 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 14 0 9 13 8 12 1 1 6 0 0 8 0 3 1 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 42 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 42 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Compass points",
"orig": "fr:Compass points",
"parents": [
"Directions",
"Navigation",
"Nature",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "c’est"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "être"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of être"
],
"id": "en-est-fr-verb-9I8-eBBS",
"links": [
[
"être",
"être#French"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "êt"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛ.t‿/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e.t‿/"
},
{
"homophone": "aie"
},
{
"homophone": "aies"
},
{
"homophone": "aient"
},
{
"homophone": "ais"
},
{
"homophone": "ait"
},
{
"homophone": "es (general)"
},
{
"homophone": "haie"
},
{
"homophone": "haies"
},
{
"homophone": "hais"
},
{
"homophone": "hait (aspirated)"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French heteronyms",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old English",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"French uncountable nouns",
"French verb forms",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:French/ɛst",
"Rhymes:French/ɛst/1 syllable",
"fr:Compass points"
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"etymology_number": 1,
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"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
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"name": "inh+"
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{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"inv": "1"
},
"expansion": "est (invariable)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French heteronyms",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old English",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"French uncountable nouns",
"French verb forms",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:French/ɛst",
"Rhymes:French/ɛst/1 syllable",
"fr:Compass points"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Grand Est"
},
{
"word": "heure normale de l’est"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: este"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "este",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Corsican: este, est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Corsican: este, est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "leste",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: leste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: leste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "èst",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Occitan: èst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Occitan: èst"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: este",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "leste",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ leste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: este, → leste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "est",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: est",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: est"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "este",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: este",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: este"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
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"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old French",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēast"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēast",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French, from Old English ēast.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "est m (uncountable)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"east"
],
"links": [
[
"east",
"east"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛst/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "orient"
},
{
"word": "levant"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French heteronyms",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"French verb forms",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Compass points"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "c’est"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "est",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French est",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Old French est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "est"
},
"expansion": "Latin est",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ésti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French est, from Old French est, from Latin est, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Next to Jésus-Christ, it is the only word in which silent internal s remains in modern French spelling. The expected form êt existed, but did not establish itself, in contrast to être and êtes. Possible reasons are the sheer frequency of est, its exact agreement with the Latin form, and the fact that it was usually unstressed and thus shortened.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "est",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "être"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of être"
],
"links": [
[
"être",
"être#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛ.t‿/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e.t‿/"
},
{
"homophone": "aie"
},
{
"homophone": "aies"
},
{
"homophone": "aient"
},
{
"homophone": "ais"
},
{
"homophone": "ait"
},
{
"homophone": "es (general)"
},
{
"homophone": "haie"
},
{
"homophone": "haies"
},
{
"homophone": "hais"
},
{
"homophone": "hait (aspirated)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "êt"
}
],
"word": "est"
}
Download raw JSONL data for est meaning in French (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.