See être in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for être meaning in French (25.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ça a été"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ça y est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ceci étant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cela étant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "c’est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "en être"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "être à"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "il était une fois"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "n’est-ce pas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "peut-être"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "quel que soit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "quoi que ce soit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "quoi qu’il en soit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "raison d’être"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "si ce n’est"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "s’en être"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "estre"
},
"expansion": "Old French estre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "ester",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sum",
"3": "esse"
},
"expansion": "esse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "essere",
"pos": "< <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">esse</i> \"be\""
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin essere (< esse \"be\")",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sto",
"4": "stāre",
"t": "stand"
},
"expansion": "Latin stāre (“stand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "suis"
},
"expansion": "suis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "",
"4": "*suiō"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *suiō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Latin sum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ai"
},
"expansion": "ai",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sais"
},
"expansion": "sais",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "",
"3": "*aiō"
},
"expansion": "*aiō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "",
"3": "*saiō"
},
"expansion": "*saiō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "habeō"
},
"expansion": "habeō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sapiō"
},
"expansion": "sapiō",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French and Old French estre and ester, respectively from Early Medieval Latin essere (< esse \"be\") and Latin stāre (“stand”). Conjugations reflect both but more so the former. The form suis \"(I) am\" appears to reflect Vulgar Latin *suiō < Latin sum. Compare ai \"(I) have\", sais \"(I) know\" < *aiō, *saiō < habeō, sapiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "être",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "étant",
"ipa": "/e.tɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "été",
"ipa": "/e.te/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "suis",
"ipa": "/sɥi/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"ipa": "/ɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"ipa": "/ɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sommes",
"ipa": "/sɔm/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "êtes",
"ipa": "/ɛt/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sont",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "étais",
"ipa": "/e.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "étais",
"ipa": "/e.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "était",
"ipa": "/e.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "étions",
"ipa": "/e.tjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "étiez",
"ipa": "/e.tje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "étaient",
"ipa": "/e.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fus",
"ipa": "/fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fus",
"ipa": "/fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fut",
"ipa": "/fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fûmes",
"ipa": "/fym/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fûtes",
"ipa": "/fyt/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "furent",
"ipa": "/fyʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serai",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seras",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serons",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serez",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "seront",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serais",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serais",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serait",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serions",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "seriez",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "seraient",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sois",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sois",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "soit",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "soyons",
"ipa": "/swa.jɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "soyez",
"ipa": "/swa.je/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "soient",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fusse",
"ipa": "/fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusses",
"ipa": "/fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fût",
"ipa": "/fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fussions",
"ipa": "/fy.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fussiez",
"ipa": "/fy.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fussent",
"ipa": "/fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sois",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "soyons",
"ipa": "/swa.jɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "soyez",
"ipa": "/swa.je/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "s'être",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "s’étant",
"ipa": "/se.tɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "étant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "été",
"ipa": "/e.te/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "me suis",
"ipa": "/mə sɥi/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "t’es",
"ipa": "/tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "s’est",
"ipa": "/sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous sommes",
"ipa": "/nu sɔm/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vous êtes",
"ipa": "/vu.z‿ɛt/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "se sont",
"ipa": "/sə sɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "m’étais",
"ipa": "/me.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "t’étais",
"ipa": "/te.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "s’était",
"ipa": "/se.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous étions",
"ipa": "/nu.z‿e.tjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vous étiez",
"ipa": "/vu.z‿e.tje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "s’étaient",
"ipa": "/se.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "me fus",
"ipa": "/mə fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "te fus",
"ipa": "/tə fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "se fut",
"ipa": "/sə fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous fûmes",
"ipa": "/nu fym/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vous fûtes",
"ipa": "/vu fyt/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "se furent",
"ipa": "/sə fyʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "me serai",
"ipa": "/mə sə.ʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "te seras",
"ipa": "/tə sə.ʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "se sera",
"ipa": "/sə sə.ʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous serons",
"ipa": "/nu sə.ʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vous serez",
"ipa": "/vu sə.ʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "se seront",
"ipa": "/sə sə.ʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "me serais",
"ipa": "/mə sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "te serais",
"ipa": "/tə sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "se serait",
"ipa": "/sə sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous serions",
"ipa": "/nu sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vous seriez",
"ipa": "/vu sə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "se seraient",
"ipa": "/sə sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "me sois",
"ipa": "/mə swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "te sois",
"ipa": "/tə swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "se soit",
"ipa": "/sə swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous soyons",
"ipa": "/nu swa.jɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "vous soyez",
"ipa": "/vu swa.je/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "se soient",
"ipa": "/sə swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "me fusse",
"ipa": "/mə fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "te fusses",
"ipa": "/tə fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "se fût",
"ipa": "/sə fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous fussions",
"ipa": "/nu fy.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "vous fussiez",
"ipa": "/vu fy.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "se fussent",
"ipa": "/sə fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sois-toi",
"ipa": "/swa.twa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "soyons-nous",
"ipa": "/swa.jɔ̃.nu/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "soyez-vous",
"ipa": "/swa.je.vu/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"type": "auxiliary"
},
"expansion": "être",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"être"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
},
{
"args": {
"refl": "yes"
},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ester"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "avoir"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You must be clearer.",
"text": "Vous devez être plus clairs.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-être-fr-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 7 3 47 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "After having gone to yoga, I came back home.",
"text": "Après être allé au yoga, je suis rentré chez moi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect and pluperfect tense of certain verbs (including all reflexive verbs)"
],
"id": "en-être-fr-verb-JrPSLo4k",
"links": [
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
],
[
"pluperfect",
"pluperfect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) Used to form the perfect and pluperfect tense of certain verbs (including all reflexive verbs)"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 7 3 47 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He can be beaten this evening.",
"text": "Il peut être battu ce soir.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be (Used to form the passive voice)"
],
"id": "en-être-fr-verb-QUrJujlR",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"passive voice",
"passive voice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(semi-auxiliary) to be (Used to form the passive voice)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛtʁ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʁ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛːtʁ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛtrə/",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛt/",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "aître"
},
{
"homophone": "aîtres"
},
{
"homophone": "êtres (general)"
},
{
"homophone": "hêtre"
},
{
"homophone": "hêtres (aspirated)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-être.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Paris"
],
"text": "Audio (Paris) [ɛtχ]"
},
{
"audio": "Qc-être.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg",
"tags": [
"Montreal"
],
"text": "Audio (Montreal) [aɛ̯tχ]"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-être-fr-ouest.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"West"
],
"text": "Audio (France, West) [ɛːtχ]"
}
],
"word": "être"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "estre"
},
"expansion": "Old French estre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "ester",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sum",
"3": "esse"
},
"expansion": "esse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "essere",
"pos": "< <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">esse</i> \"be\""
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin essere (< esse \"be\")",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sto",
"4": "stāre",
"t": "stand"
},
"expansion": "Latin stāre (“stand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "suis"
},
"expansion": "suis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "",
"4": "*suiō"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *suiō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Latin sum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ai"
},
"expansion": "ai",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sais"
},
"expansion": "sais",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "",
"3": "*aiō"
},
"expansion": "*aiō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "",
"3": "*saiō"
},
"expansion": "*saiō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "habeō"
},
"expansion": "habeō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sapiō"
},
"expansion": "sapiō",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French and Old French estre and ester, respectively from Early Medieval Latin essere (< esse \"be\") and Latin stāre (“stand”). Conjugations reflect both but more so the former. The form suis \"(I) am\" appears to reflect Vulgar Latin *suiō < Latin sum. Compare ai \"(I) have\", sais \"(I) know\" < *aiō, *saiō < habeō, sapiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "êtres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "être m (plural êtres)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"être"
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "être humain"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"being, creature"
],
"id": "en-être-fr-noun-BirLBhxR",
"links": [
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1943, Jean-Paul Sartre, L'Être et le néant:",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"being, the state or fact of existence"
],
"id": "en-être-fr-noun-eQ9Me8RI",
"links": [
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) being, the state or fact of existence"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛtʁ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʁ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛːtʁ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛtrə/",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛt/",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "aître"
},
{
"homophone": "aîtres"
},
{
"homophone": "êtres (general)"
},
{
"homophone": "hêtre"
},
{
"homophone": "hêtres (aspirated)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-être.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Paris"
],
"text": "Audio (Paris) [ɛtχ]"
},
{
"audio": "Qc-être.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg",
"tags": [
"Montreal"
],
"text": "Audio (Montreal) [aɛ̯tχ]"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-être-fr-ouest.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"West"
],
"text": "Audio (France, West) [ɛːtχ]"
}
],
"word": "être"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French 2-syllable words",
"French auxiliary verbs",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French irregular verbs",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nominalized infinitives",
"French nouns",
"French suppletive verbs",
"French terms derived from Early Medieval Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"French terms with homophones",
"French third group verbs",
"French verbs",
"Rhymes:French/ɛtʁ",
"Rhymes:French/ɛtʁ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ça a été"
},
{
"word": "ça y est"
},
{
"word": "ceci étant"
},
{
"word": "cela étant"
},
{
"word": "c’est"
},
{
"word": "en être"
},
{
"word": "être à"
},
{
"word": "il était une fois"
},
{
"word": "n’est-ce pas"
},
{
"word": "peut-être"
},
{
"word": "quel que soit"
},
{
"word": "quoi que ce soit"
},
{
"word": "quoi qu’il en soit"
},
{
"word": "raison d’être"
},
{
"word": "si ce n’est"
},
{
"word": "s’en être"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "estre"
},
"expansion": "Old French estre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "ester",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sum",
"3": "esse"
},
"expansion": "esse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "essere",
"pos": "< <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">esse</i> \"be\""
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin essere (< esse \"be\")",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sto",
"4": "stāre",
"t": "stand"
},
"expansion": "Latin stāre (“stand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "suis"
},
"expansion": "suis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "",
"4": "*suiō"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *suiō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Latin sum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ai"
},
"expansion": "ai",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sais"
},
"expansion": "sais",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "",
"3": "*aiō"
},
"expansion": "*aiō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "",
"3": "*saiō"
},
"expansion": "*saiō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "habeō"
},
"expansion": "habeō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sapiō"
},
"expansion": "sapiō",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French and Old French estre and ester, respectively from Early Medieval Latin essere (< esse \"be\") and Latin stāre (“stand”). Conjugations reflect both but more so the former. The form suis \"(I) am\" appears to reflect Vulgar Latin *suiō < Latin sum. Compare ai \"(I) have\", sais \"(I) know\" < *aiō, *saiō < habeō, sapiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "être",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "étant",
"ipa": "/e.tɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "été",
"ipa": "/e.te/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "suis",
"ipa": "/sɥi/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"ipa": "/ɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "est",
"ipa": "/ɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sommes",
"ipa": "/sɔm/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "êtes",
"ipa": "/ɛt/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sont",
"ipa": "/sɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "étais",
"ipa": "/e.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "étais",
"ipa": "/e.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "était",
"ipa": "/e.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "étions",
"ipa": "/e.tjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "étiez",
"ipa": "/e.tje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "étaient",
"ipa": "/e.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fus",
"ipa": "/fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fus",
"ipa": "/fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fut",
"ipa": "/fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fûmes",
"ipa": "/fym/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fûtes",
"ipa": "/fyt/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "furent",
"ipa": "/fyʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serai",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seras",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sera",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serons",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "serez",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "seront",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serais",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serais",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "serait",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serions",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "seriez",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "seraient",
"ipa": "/sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sois",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sois",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "soit",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "soyons",
"ipa": "/swa.jɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "soyez",
"ipa": "/swa.je/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "soient",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fusse",
"ipa": "/fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fusses",
"ipa": "/fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fût",
"ipa": "/fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fussions",
"ipa": "/fy.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fussiez",
"ipa": "/fy.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fussent",
"ipa": "/fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sois",
"ipa": "/swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "soyons",
"ipa": "/swa.jɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "soyez",
"ipa": "/swa.je/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "s'être",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "s’étant",
"ipa": "/se.tɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "étant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "été",
"ipa": "/e.te/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "me suis",
"ipa": "/mə sɥi/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "t’es",
"ipa": "/tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "s’est",
"ipa": "/sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous sommes",
"ipa": "/nu sɔm/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vous êtes",
"ipa": "/vu.z‿ɛt/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "se sont",
"ipa": "/sə sɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "m’étais",
"ipa": "/me.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "t’étais",
"ipa": "/te.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "s’était",
"ipa": "/se.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous étions",
"ipa": "/nu.z‿e.tjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vous étiez",
"ipa": "/vu.z‿e.tje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "s’étaient",
"ipa": "/se.tɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "me fus",
"ipa": "/mə fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "te fus",
"ipa": "/tə fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "se fut",
"ipa": "/sə fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous fûmes",
"ipa": "/nu fym/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vous fûtes",
"ipa": "/vu fyt/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "se furent",
"ipa": "/sə fyʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "me serai",
"ipa": "/mə sə.ʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "te seras",
"ipa": "/tə sə.ʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "se sera",
"ipa": "/sə sə.ʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous serons",
"ipa": "/nu sə.ʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vous serez",
"ipa": "/vu sə.ʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "se seront",
"ipa": "/sə sə.ʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "me serais",
"ipa": "/mə sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "te serais",
"ipa": "/tə sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "se serait",
"ipa": "/sə sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous serions",
"ipa": "/nu sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vous seriez",
"ipa": "/vu sə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "se seraient",
"ipa": "/sə sə.ʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "me sois",
"ipa": "/mə swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "te sois",
"ipa": "/tə swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "se soit",
"ipa": "/sə swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous soyons",
"ipa": "/nu swa.jɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "vous soyez",
"ipa": "/vu swa.je/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "se soient",
"ipa": "/sə swa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "me fusse",
"ipa": "/mə fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "te fusses",
"ipa": "/tə fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "se fût",
"ipa": "/sə fy/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "nous fussions",
"ipa": "/nu fy.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "vous fussiez",
"ipa": "/vu fy.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "se fussent",
"ipa": "/sə fys/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sois-toi",
"ipa": "/swa.twa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "soyons-nous",
"ipa": "/swa.jɔ̃.nu/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "soyez-vous",
"ipa": "/swa.je.vu/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of s'être + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"type": "auxiliary"
},
"expansion": "être",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"être"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
},
{
"args": {
"refl": "yes"
},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "ester"
},
{
"word": "avoir"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You must be clearer.",
"text": "Vous devez être plus clairs.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French auxiliary verbs",
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "After having gone to yoga, I came back home.",
"text": "Après être allé au yoga, je suis rentré chez moi.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the perfect and pluperfect tense of certain verbs (including all reflexive verbs)"
],
"links": [
[
"perfect",
"perfect"
],
[
"pluperfect",
"pluperfect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary) Used to form the perfect and pluperfect tense of certain verbs (including all reflexive verbs)"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He can be beaten this evening.",
"text": "Il peut être battu ce soir.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be (Used to form the passive voice)"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"passive voice",
"passive voice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(semi-auxiliary) to be (Used to form the passive voice)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛtʁ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʁ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛːtʁ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛtrə/",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛt/",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "aître"
},
{
"homophone": "aîtres"
},
{
"homophone": "êtres (general)"
},
{
"homophone": "hêtre"
},
{
"homophone": "hêtres (aspirated)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-être.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Paris"
],
"text": "Audio (Paris) [ɛtχ]"
},
{
"audio": "Qc-être.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg",
"tags": [
"Montreal"
],
"text": "Audio (Montreal) [aɛ̯tχ]"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-être-fr-ouest.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"West"
],
"text": "Audio (France, West) [ɛːtχ]"
}
],
"word": "être"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French 2-syllable words",
"French auxiliary verbs",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French irregular verbs",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nominalized infinitives",
"French nouns",
"French suppletive verbs",
"French terms derived from Early Medieval Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"French terms with homophones",
"French third group verbs",
"French verbs",
"Rhymes:French/ɛtʁ",
"Rhymes:French/ɛtʁ/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "estre"
},
"expansion": "Old French estre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ester"
},
"expansion": "ester",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sum",
"3": "esse"
},
"expansion": "esse",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "essere",
"pos": "< <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">esse</i> \"be\""
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin essere (< esse \"be\")",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sto",
"4": "stāre",
"t": "stand"
},
"expansion": "Latin stāre (“stand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "suis"
},
"expansion": "suis",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "",
"4": "*suiō"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *suiō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Latin sum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ai"
},
"expansion": "ai",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sais"
},
"expansion": "sais",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "",
"3": "*aiō"
},
"expansion": "*aiō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "",
"3": "*saiō"
},
"expansion": "*saiō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "habeō"
},
"expansion": "habeō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sapiō"
},
"expansion": "sapiō",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French and Old French estre and ester, respectively from Early Medieval Latin essere (< esse \"be\") and Latin stāre (“stand”). Conjugations reflect both but more so the former. The form suis \"(I) am\" appears to reflect Vulgar Latin *suiō < Latin sum. Compare ai \"(I) have\", sais \"(I) know\" < *aiō, *saiō < habeō, sapiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "êtres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "être m (plural êtres)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"être"
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "être humain"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"being, creature"
],
"links": [
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French uncountable nouns",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1943, Jean-Paul Sartre, L'Être et le néant:",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"being, the state or fact of existence"
],
"links": [
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) being, the state or fact of existence"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛtʁ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʁ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛːtʁ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛtrə/",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɛt/",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "aître"
},
{
"homophone": "aîtres"
},
{
"homophone": "êtres (general)"
},
{
"homophone": "hêtre"
},
{
"homophone": "hêtres (aspirated)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-GrandCelinien-être.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-GrandCelinien-%C3%AAtre.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Paris"
],
"text": "Audio (Paris) [ɛtχ]"
},
{
"audio": "Qc-être.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Qc-%C3%AAtre.ogg",
"tags": [
"Montreal"
],
"text": "Audio (Montreal) [aɛ̯tχ]"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-être-fr-ouest.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Fr-%C3%AAtre-fr-ouest.ogg",
"tags": [
"France",
"West"
],
"text": "Audio (France, West) [ɛːtχ]"
}
],
"word": "être"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: semi-auxiliary",
"path": [
"être"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "être",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: semi-auxiliary",
"path": [
"être"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "être",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['//en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Prefixindex?from=%C3%AAtre%26hideredirects=1%26stripprefix=0'], ['Pages starting with “être”']){} >",
"path": [
"être"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "être",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.