sum in Old English

IPA: /sum/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*sumaz}} Proto-Germanic *sumaz, {{cog|goh|sum}} Old High German sum, {{cog|non|sumr}} Old Norse sumr Head templates: {{head|ang|pronoun}} sum Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-sum}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], sum [masculine, nominative, singular], sumu [feminine, nominative, singular], sum [neuter, nominative, singular], sumne [accusative, masculine, singular], sume [accusative, feminine, singular], sum [accusative, neuter, singular], sumes [genitive, masculine, singular], sumre [feminine, genitive, singular], sumes [genitive, neuter, singular], sumum [dative, masculine, singular], suman [dative, masculine, singular], sumre [dative, feminine, singular], sumum [dative, neuter, singular], suman [dative, neuter, singular], sume [instrumental, masculine, singular], sumre [feminine, instrumental, singular], sume [instrumental, neuter, singular], sume [nominative, plural], suma [nominative, plural], sumu [nominative, plural], sume [accusative, plural], suma [accusative, plural], sumu [accusative, plural], sumra [genitive, plural], sumum [dative, plural], sumum [instrumental, plural]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "som"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sumaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "sum"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German sum",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "sumr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "sum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "ang-decl-sum"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Some said, it is him; some said, No, but instead is similar to him. He said truly, it is me.",
          "roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīc. Hē cwæþ sōðlīce, ic hit eom.",
          "text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "some"
      ],
      "id": "en-sum-ang-pron-prRt0NGu",
      "links": [
        [
          "some",
          "some"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sum/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sum"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "som"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: som, somme, summe; zome\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sumaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "sum"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German sum",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "sumr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suman",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "suma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sumum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "sum",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "ang-decl-sum"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English pronouns",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Some said, it is him; some said, No, but instead is similar to him. He said truly, it is me.",
          "roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīc. Hē cwæþ sōðlīce, ic hit eom.",
          "text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "some"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "some",
          "some"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/sum/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sum"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"sum" meaning in Old English

Pronoun