See sum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sumr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *sum, see also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ang-decl-sum"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Some said, it is him; some said, No, but instead is similar to him. He said truly, it is me.",
"roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīc. Hē cwæþ sōðlīce, ic hit eom.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-prRt0NGu",
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 42 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Year 785 In this year there was a contentious synod in Chalk, and Archbishop Eanbright gave up a part of his bishopdom, and Higebright was chosen by King Offa, and Edgeferth was crowned king.",
"text": "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\nAn. DCCLXXXV Hēr wæs ġeflitfullīċ seonoð æt Ċealchȳþe, and Ēanbriht arċebisċeop forlēt sumne dǣl his bisċeopdōmes, ⁊ frām Offan cinge Hiġebriht wæs ġecoren, ⁊ Eċġferð tō cininge ġehalgod.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a specific example of a thing: a, a certain"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-x9wh4qVn"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 42 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some of (with another pronoun or article)"
],
"id": "en-sum-ang-pron-SHSbyeLB"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English pronouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)\nEnglish: some\nScots: sum, some\nYola: zim, zum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sum",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sumr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sumr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *sum, see also Old High German sum, Old Norse sumr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sume",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "sum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ang-decl-sum"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Some said, it is him; some said, No, but instead is similar to him. He said truly, it is me.",
"roman": "Sume cwǣdon, Hē hyt is; sume cwǣdon, Nese, ac is him ġelīc. Hē cwæþ sōðlīce, ic hit eom.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 9, verse 9",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"some"
],
"links": [
[
"some",
"some"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Year 785 In this year there was a contentious synod in Chalk, and Archbishop Eanbright gave up a part of his bishopdom, and Higebright was chosen by King Offa, and Edgeferth was crowned king.",
"text": "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\nAn. DCCLXXXV Hēr wæs ġeflitfullīċ seonoð æt Ċealchȳþe, and Ēanbriht arċebisċeop forlēt sumne dǣl his bisċeopdōmes, ⁊ frām Offan cinge Hiġebriht wæs ġecoren, ⁊ Eċġferð tō cininge ġehalgod.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to indicate a specific example of a thing: a, a certain"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"some of (with another pronoun or article)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sum/"
}
],
"word": "sum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sum meaning in Old English (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.