See culmen on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for culmen meaning in All languages combined (9.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "culminal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "culmen",
"4": "",
"5": "apex, acme",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin culmen (“apex, acme”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "culmen",
"4": "",
"5": "apex, acme"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin culmen (“apex, acme”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin culmen (“apex, acme”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culmens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culmina",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "culmina"
},
"expansion": "culmen (plural culmens or culmina)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1681, Balm from Gilead",
"text": "the Shibboleth and Culmen of Honesty",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Top; summit."
],
"id": "en-culmen-en-noun-WVPeH08r",
"links": [
[
"Top",
"top"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "top"
},
{
"word": "summit"
},
{
"word": "acme"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "en:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997 June 20, “A Role for Ecotones in Generating Rainforest Biodiversity”, in Science, volume 276, number 5320, →DOI, pages 1855–1857",
"text": "The measurements were taken as follows: wing length, from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest primary; tarsus length, from the tibiotarsal joint to the distal undivided scute; upper mandible length, the chord length from the point where the culmen enters the feathers of the head to the tip; bill depth, in the vertical plane level at the anterior edge of the nares.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1910, Alfred M. Tozzer, Glover M. Allen, Animal Figures in the Maya Codices",
"text": "A very simple form was found in the carving shown in Pl. 17, fig. 13, where a long projecting knob is seen at the base of the culmen.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The dorsal ridge of a bird's bill."
],
"id": "en-culmen-en-noun-jw85XXiJ",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"bill",
"bill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The dorsal ridge of a bird's bill."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"word": "culmen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kulm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: kulm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: kulm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "culmã",
"3": "culmi"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: culmã, culmi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: culmã, culmi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "culmen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: culmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: culmen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cume",
"3": "cumio"
},
"expansion": "Galician: cume, cumio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: cume, cumio"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "colmo",
"3": "culmine"
},
"expansion": "Italian: colmo, culmine",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: colmo, culmine"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cume"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: cume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: cume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "culme"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: culme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: culme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "culm"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: culm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: culm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "curma"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: curma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: curma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: cumbre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "culmen",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ culmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: cumbre, → culmen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kulmen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: kulmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: kulmen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kolamen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kolamen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "columen"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of columen",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *kolamen, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH-. Doublet of columen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culminis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "culmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culminis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culminum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culminī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culminibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culmine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culminibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "culmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "culmen<3>"
},
"expansion": "culmen n (genitive culminis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "culmen<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 39 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 29 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 25 23",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "la:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stalk"
],
"id": "en-culmen-la-noun--jEiHVUH",
"links": [
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "fundus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"top, roof, summit, peak"
],
"id": "en-culmen-la-noun-qRbgKnQ3",
"links": [
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"roof",
"roof"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"peak",
"peak"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cacūmen"
},
{
"word": "apex"
},
{
"word": "vertex"
},
{
"word": "fastīgium"
},
{
"word": "summitās"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"height, acme"
],
"id": "en-culmen-la-noun-q7Y49cam",
"links": [
[
"height",
"height"
],
[
"acme",
"acme"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) height, acme"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkul.men/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʊɫ̪mɛn]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkul.men/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkulmen]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "culmen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "culmen"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin culmen",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cumbre"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cumbre",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin culmen. Doublet of cumbre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cúlmenes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "culmen m (plural cúlmenes)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cul‧men"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"height, epitome, high point"
],
"id": "en-culmen-es-noun-D6kb8pMD",
"links": [
[
"height",
"height"
],
[
"epitome",
"epitome"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkulmen/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkul.mẽn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ulmen"
}
],
"word": "culmen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelH-"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "culminal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "culmen",
"4": "",
"5": "apex, acme",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin culmen (“apex, acme”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "culmen",
"4": "",
"5": "apex, acme"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin culmen (“apex, acme”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin culmen (“apex, acme”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culmens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culmina",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "culmina"
},
"expansion": "culmen (plural culmens or culmina)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1681, Balm from Gilead",
"text": "the Shibboleth and Culmen of Honesty",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Top; summit."
],
"links": [
[
"Top",
"top"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "top"
},
{
"word": "summit"
},
{
"word": "acme"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Zoology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997 June 20, “A Role for Ecotones in Generating Rainforest Biodiversity”, in Science, volume 276, number 5320, →DOI, pages 1855–1857",
"text": "The measurements were taken as follows: wing length, from the carpal joint to the tip of the longest primary; tarsus length, from the tibiotarsal joint to the distal undivided scute; upper mandible length, the chord length from the point where the culmen enters the feathers of the head to the tip; bill depth, in the vertical plane level at the anterior edge of the nares.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1910, Alfred M. Tozzer, Glover M. Allen, Animal Figures in the Maya Codices",
"text": "A very simple form was found in the carving shown in Pl. 17, fig. 13, where a long projecting knob is seen at the base of the culmen.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The dorsal ridge of a bird's bill."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
],
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"bill",
"bill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) The dorsal ridge of a bird's bill."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
}
],
"word": "culmen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin doublets",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelH-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"la:Landforms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kulm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: kulm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: kulm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "culmã",
"3": "culmi"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: culmã, culmi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: culmã, culmi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "culmen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: culmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: culmen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "cume",
"3": "cumio"
},
"expansion": "Galician: cume, cumio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: cume, cumio"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "colmo",
"3": "culmine"
},
"expansion": "Italian: colmo, culmine",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: colmo, culmine"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cume"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: cume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: cume"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "culme"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: culme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: culme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "culm"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: culm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: culm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "curma"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: curma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: curma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cumbre"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: cumbre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "culmen",
"bor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ culmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: cumbre, → culmen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kulmen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: kulmen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: kulmen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kolamen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kolamen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kelH-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kelH-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "columen"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of columen",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *kolamen, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH-. Doublet of columen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culminis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "culmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culminis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culminum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culminī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culminibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culmine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "culminibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "culmen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "culmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "culmen<3>"
},
"expansion": "culmen n (genitive culminis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "culmen<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stalk"
],
"links": [
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "fundus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"top, roof, summit, peak"
],
"links": [
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"roof",
"roof"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"peak",
"peak"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cacūmen"
},
{
"word": "apex"
},
{
"word": "vertex"
},
{
"word": "fastīgium"
},
{
"word": "summitās"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"height, acme"
],
"links": [
[
"height",
"height"
],
[
"acme",
"acme"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) height, acme"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkul.men/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʊɫ̪mɛn]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkul.men/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkulmen]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "culmen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "culmen"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin culmen",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cumbre"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cumbre",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin culmen. Doublet of cumbre.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cúlmenes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "culmen m (plural cúlmenes)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cul‧men"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/ulmen",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ulmen/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish learned borrowings from Latin",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"height, epitome, high point"
],
"links": [
[
"height",
"height"
],
[
"epitome",
"epitome"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkulmen/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkul.mẽn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ulmen"
}
],
"word": "culmen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.