See grieve in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "begrieve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grieved"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "griever"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grievor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grievingly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "un-grieve"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷreh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "grever",
"4": "",
"5": "to burden"
},
"expansion": "Old French grever (“to burden”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gravo",
"4": "gravō, gravāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin gravō, gravāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тяготи́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to be a burden (on), to oppress"
},
"expansion": "Russian тяготи́ть (tjagotítʹ, “to be a burden (on), to oppress”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тужи́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to experience grief"
},
"expansion": "Russian тужи́ть (tužítʹ, “to experience grief”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тяжёлый",
"3": "",
"4": "heavy, grave"
},
"expansion": "Russian тяжёлый (tjažólyj, “heavy, grave”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greven, from Old French grever (“to burden”), from Latin gravō, gravāre, from adjective gravis (“grave”). For the meaning development compare with Russian тяготи́ть (tjagotítʹ, “to be a burden (on), to oppress”), Russian тужи́ть (tužítʹ, “to experience grief”), related to Russian тяжёлый (tjažólyj, “heavy, grave”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grieves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grieving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grieved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grieved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grieve (third-person singular simple present grieves, present participle grieving, simple past and past participle grieved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grievance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grievous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ephesian 4:30–passage-Grieve not the Holy Spirit of God.:",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1782, William Cowper, “On the Receipt of my Mother’s Picture”, in Poems, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Thy maidens griev'd themselves at my concern.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause sorrow or distress to."
],
"id": "en-grieve-en-verb-en:sadden",
"links": [
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause sorrow or distress to."
],
"senseid": [
"en:sadden"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sadden"
},
{
"word": "upset"
},
{
"word": "sadden"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ogorčavam",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "огорчавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naskǎrbjavam",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "наскърбявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "bedroeven"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "aflikti"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "ĉagreni"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "malĝojigi"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "tehdä murheelliseksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "attrister"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "chagriner"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "pesar"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "aflixir"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lupéō",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "λυπέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "elszomorít"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "bánt"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "chagrenigar"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "buair"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "affliggere"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "whakapō"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ogorčátʹ",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "огорча́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ogorčítʹ",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "огорчи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "contristar"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "üzmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zasmúčuvaty",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "засму́чувати"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zasmutýty",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "засмути́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 6 1 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "muğul dayen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 38 33 22 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "en:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to grieve one's fate",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To feel very sad about; to mourn; to sorrow for."
],
"id": "en-grieve-en-verb-DRKnFqtA",
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"mourn",
"mourn"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To feel very sad about; to mourn; to sorrow for."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bewail"
},
{
"word": "lament"
},
{
"word": "lament"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skǎrbja",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "скърбя"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asgoniha",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "ᎠᏍᎪᏂᎭ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "betreuren"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "leinama"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "ee",
"lang": "Ewe",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "fa konyi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "murehtia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "surra"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "avoir du chagrin"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "affliggj’"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "afrigj’"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "bánkódik"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "chagrenar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "surra"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "tusata"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "affliggersi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "whakapō"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "gadduu"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "rozpaczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "sofrer por"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorevátʹ",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "горева́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skorbétʹ",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "скорбе́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oplákivatʹ",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опла́кивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śocati",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "शोचति"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "accurà"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "affriggì"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "caoidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "caoin"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "contristarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "sörja"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "üzülmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 2 1 3",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "xod şıkiyen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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{
"_dis": "3 3 1 38 33 22 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "en:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To experience grief."
],
"id": "en-grieve-en-verb-DP2D0LEw",
"links": [
[
"grief",
"grief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To experience grief."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "besorrow"
},
{
"word": "regret"
},
{
"word": "be sad"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaddir",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "قدر"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sgal",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "սգալ"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "oġbal",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "ողբալ"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎguvam",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "тъгувам"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "treuren"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "être affligé"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "trauern"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "gyászol"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "surra"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "tusata"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "huamo"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "zdj",
"lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "uhuzuniha"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przeżywać żałobę"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorevátʹ",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "горева́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skorbétʹ",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "скорбе́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "caoidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "caoin"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "contristarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "penarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "enlutarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "penar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "kuhuzunika"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "śōkiñcu",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "శోకించు"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "üzülmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 5 76 5 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "đau lòng"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 38 33 22 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "en:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To harm."
],
"id": "en-grieve-en-verb-WPws4mdI",
"links": [
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To harm."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "injure"
},
{
"word": "wound"
},
{
"word": "harm"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, D'Amico, Rob (editor), Texas Teacher, published by Texas AFT (affiliate of American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO); \"Austin classified employees gain due process rights\", April 2009, p14",
"text": "Even if the executive director rules against the employee on appeal, the employee can still grieve the termination to the superintendent followed by an appeal to the … Board of Trustees."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To submit or file a grievance (about)."
],
"id": "en-grieve-en-verb-xRr0tdQv",
"links": [
[
"file",
"file"
],
[
"grievance",
"grievance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To submit or file a grievance (about)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"word": "grieve"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grieveship"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "greifi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse greifi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "grēve"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German grēve",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grœfa"
},
"expansion": "Old English grœfa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġerēfa",
"t": "steward, reeve"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġerēfa (“steward, reeve”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greve, greyve, grave, grafe, from Old Norse greifi, from Middle Low German grēve, grâve,\nrelated to Old English grœfa, groefa, variants of Old English ġerēfa (“steward, reeve”). More at reeve.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grieves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grieve (plural grieves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A governor of a town or province."
],
"id": "en-grieve-en-noun-T03Bz96W",
"links": [
[
"governor",
"governor"
],
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"province",
"province"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A governor of a town or province."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], Guy Mannering; or, The Astrologer. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and Archibald Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Their children were horsewhipped by the grieve.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A manager or steward, e.g. of a farm."
],
"id": "en-grieve-en-noun-rJ4HWtyK",
"links": [
[
"manager",
"manager"
],
[
"steward",
"steward"
],
[
"farm",
"farm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Scotland) A manager or steward, e.g. of a farm."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"word": "grieve"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷreh₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Ewe translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Gallurese translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Ngazidja Comorian translations",
"Terms with Oromo translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Sassarese translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Death"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "begrieve"
},
{
"word": "grieved"
},
{
"word": "griever"
},
{
"word": "grievor"
},
{
"word": "grievingly"
},
{
"word": "un-grieve"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷreh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "grever",
"4": "",
"5": "to burden"
},
"expansion": "Old French grever (“to burden”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "gravo",
"4": "gravō, gravāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin gravō, gravāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тяготи́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to be a burden (on), to oppress"
},
"expansion": "Russian тяготи́ть (tjagotítʹ, “to be a burden (on), to oppress”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тужи́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to experience grief"
},
"expansion": "Russian тужи́ть (tužítʹ, “to experience grief”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "тяжёлый",
"3": "",
"4": "heavy, grave"
},
"expansion": "Russian тяжёлый (tjažólyj, “heavy, grave”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greven, from Old French grever (“to burden”), from Latin gravō, gravāre, from adjective gravis (“grave”). For the meaning development compare with Russian тяготи́ть (tjagotítʹ, “to be a burden (on), to oppress”), Russian тужи́ть (tužítʹ, “to experience grief”), related to Russian тяжёлый (tjažólyj, “heavy, grave”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grieves",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grieving",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grieved",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grieved",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grieve (third-person singular simple present grieves, present participle grieving, simple past and past participle grieved)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "grief"
},
{
"word": "grievance"
},
{
"word": "grievous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ephesian 4:30–passage-Grieve not the Holy Spirit of God.:",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1782, William Cowper, “On the Receipt of my Mother’s Picture”, in Poems, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Thy maidens griev'd themselves at my concern.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause sorrow or distress to."
],
"links": [
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause sorrow or distress to."
],
"senseid": [
"en:sadden"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sadden"
},
{
"word": "upset"
},
{
"word": "sadden"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to grieve one's fate",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To feel very sad about; to mourn; to sorrow for."
],
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"mourn",
"mourn"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To feel very sad about; to mourn; to sorrow for."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bewail"
},
{
"word": "lament"
},
{
"word": "lament"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To experience grief."
],
"links": [
[
"grief",
"grief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To experience grief."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "besorrow"
},
{
"word": "regret"
},
{
"word": "be sad"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To harm."
],
"links": [
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To harm."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "injure"
},
{
"word": "wound"
},
{
"word": "harm"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009, D'Amico, Rob (editor), Texas Teacher, published by Texas AFT (affiliate of American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO); \"Austin classified employees gain due process rights\", April 2009, p14",
"text": "Even if the executive director rules against the employee on appeal, the employee can still grieve the termination to the superintendent followed by an appeal to the … Board of Trustees."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To submit or file a grievance (about)."
],
"links": [
[
"file",
"file"
],
[
"grievance",
"grievance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To submit or file a grievance (about)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ogorčavam",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "огорчавам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naskǎrbjavam",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "наскърбявам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "bedroeven"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "aflikti"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "ĉagreni"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "malĝojigi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "tehdä murheelliseksi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "attrister"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "chagriner"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "pesar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "aflixir"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lupéō",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "λυπέω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "elszomorít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "bánt"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "chagrenigar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "buair"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "affliggere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "whakapō"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ogorčátʹ",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "огорча́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ogorčítʹ",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "огорчи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "contristar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "üzmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zasmúčuvaty",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "засму́чувати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zasmutýty",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "засмути́ти"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to cause sorrow to",
"word": "muğul dayen"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skǎrbja",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "скърбя"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "asgoniha",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "ᎠᏍᎪᏂᎭ"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "betreuren"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "leinama"
},
{
"code": "ee",
"lang": "Ewe",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "fa konyi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "murehtia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "surra"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "avoir du chagrin"
},
{
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "affliggj’"
},
{
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "afrigj’"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "bánkódik"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "chagrenar"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "surra"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "tusata"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "affliggersi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "whakapō"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "gadduu"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "rozpaczać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "sofrer por"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorevátʹ",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "горева́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skorbétʹ",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "скорбе́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oplákivatʹ",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "опла́кивать"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śocati",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "शोचति"
},
{
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "accurà"
},
{
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "affriggì"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "caoidh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "caoin"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "contristarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "sörja"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "üzülmek"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to feel very sad about",
"word": "xod şıkiyen"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaddir",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "قدر"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "sgal",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "սգալ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "oġbal",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "ողբալ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎguvam",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "тъгувам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "treuren"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "être affligé"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "trauern"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "gyászol"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "surra"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "tusata"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "huamo"
},
{
"code": "zdj",
"lang": "Ngazidja Comorian",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "uhuzuniha"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przeżywać żałobę"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorevátʹ",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "горева́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skorbétʹ",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "скорбе́ть"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "caoidh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "caoin"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "contristarse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "penarse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "enlutarse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "penar"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "kuhuzunika"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "śōkiñcu",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "శోకించు"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "üzülmek"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to experience grief",
"word": "đau lòng"
}
],
"word": "grieve"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English ergative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːv",
"Rhymes:English/iːv/1 syllable",
"en:Death"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grieveship"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "greve"
},
"expansion": "Middle English greve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "greifi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse greifi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "grēve"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German grēve",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grœfa"
},
"expansion": "Old English grœfa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġerēfa",
"t": "steward, reeve"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġerēfa (“steward, reeve”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English greve, greyve, grave, grafe, from Old Norse greifi, from Middle Low German grēve, grâve,\nrelated to Old English grœfa, groefa, variants of Old English ġerēfa (“steward, reeve”). More at reeve.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grieves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grieve (plural grieves)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A governor of a town or province."
],
"links": [
[
"governor",
"governor"
],
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"province",
"province"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A governor of a town or province."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], Guy Mannering; or, The Astrologer. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and Archibald Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Their children were horsewhipped by the grieve.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A manager or steward, e.g. of a farm."
],
"links": [
[
"manager",
"manager"
],
[
"steward",
"steward"
],
[
"farm",
"farm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Scotland) A manager or steward, e.g. of a farm."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "en-us-grieve.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg/En-us-grieve.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/En-us-grieve.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹiːv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːv"
}
],
"word": "grieve"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grieve meaning in English (17.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.