See dere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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"expansion": "",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "dere"
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *daru",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*darō",
"4": "",
"5": "damage, injury"
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"2": "ine-pro",
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"expansion": "Low German dere",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "𐬛𐬁𐬭𐬁"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬭𐬁 (dārā)",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
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"tr": "dhā́rā"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धारा (dhā́rā)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dere, from Old English dæru, daru (“injury, hurt, harm, damage, calamity; loss, deprivation”), from Proto-West Germanic *daru, from Proto-Germanic *darō (“damage, injury”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰórh₃-eh₂, from *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”).\nCognate with Middle Dutch dare, dere, Low German dere, Old High German tara, Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬭𐬁 (dārā), Sanskrit धारा (dhā́rā).",
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"form": "deres",
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"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
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{
"text": "She did him dere.",
"type": "example"
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"Hurt; harm; injury."
],
"id": "en-dere-en-noun-ft2EbUww",
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"hurt"
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[
"harm",
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"(UK dialectal) Hurt; harm; injury."
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{
"word": "injury"
}
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{
"homophone": "deer"
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{
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"name": "inh"
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"4": "to injure, damage"
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"name": "cog"
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"name": "cog"
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"args": {
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"2": "deren",
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"4": "to injure, damage, scathe"
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"name": "cog"
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"2": "tern",
"3": "",
"4": "to injure"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German tern (“to injure”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English deren, derien, from Old English derian (“to damage, injure, hurt, harm”), from Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to injure, harm”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”). Cognate with Scots dere, deir (“to harm, hurt, injure”), Saterland Frisian dera (“to injure, damage”), West Frisian deare, derre (“to harm, injure”), Dutch deren (“to injure, damage, scathe”), Middle High German tern (“to injure”). Related to dart.",
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"form": "dering",
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"form": "dered",
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"categories": [
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"To hurt; harm; injure; wound."
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"id": "en-dere-en-verb-1WwNCxvK",
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"(transitive, UK, archaic, dialectal) To hurt; harm; injure; wound."
],
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"word": "damage"
},
{
"word": "scathe"
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{
"word": "harm"
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"word": "hurt"
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"To annoy, trouble, grieve."
],
"id": "en-dere-en-verb-6Fbcyglv",
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[
"annoy",
"annoy"
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[
"trouble",
"trouble"
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"(transitive, UK dialectal) To annoy, trouble, grieve."
],
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"tags": [
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{
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"homophone": "dear"
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{
"homophone": "deer"
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"etymology_number": 3,
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"English terms inherited from Middle English",
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{
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "धारा",
"tr": "dhā́rā"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धारा (dhā́rā)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dere, from Old English dæru, daru (“injury, hurt, harm, damage, calamity; loss, deprivation”), from Proto-West Germanic *daru, from Proto-Germanic *darō (“damage, injury”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰórh₃-eh₂, from *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”).\nCognate with Middle Dutch dare, dere, Low German dere, Old High German tara, Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬭𐬁 (dārā), Sanskrit धारा (dhā́rā).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deres",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dere (plural deres)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She did him dere.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hurt; harm; injury."
],
"links": [
[
"Hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal) Hurt; harm; injury."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "injury"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"homophone": "dear"
},
{
"homophone": "deer"
}
],
"word": "dere"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English pronouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰerh₃-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dering"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰerh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "deren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English deren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "derian",
"4": "",
"5": "to damage, injure, hurt, harm"
},
"expansion": "Old English derian (“to damage, injure, hurt, harm”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*darjan",
"4": "",
"5": "to injure, harm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to injure, harm”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰerh₃-",
"4": "",
"5": "to leap, spring"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dere"
},
"expansion": "Scots dere",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "dera",
"3": "",
"4": "to injure, damage"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian dera (“to injure, damage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "deare"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian deare",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "deren",
"3": "",
"4": "to injure, damage, scathe"
},
"expansion": "Dutch deren (“to injure, damage, scathe”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "tern",
"3": "",
"4": "to injure"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German tern (“to injure”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English deren, derien, from Old English derian (“to damage, injure, hurt, harm”), from Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to injure, harm”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”). Cognate with Scots dere, deir (“to harm, hurt, injure”), Saterland Frisian dera (“to injure, damage”), West Frisian deare, derre (“to harm, injure”), Dutch deren (“to injure, damage, scathe”), Middle High German tern (“to injure”). Related to dart.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deres",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dere (third-person singular simple present deres, present participle dering, simple past and past participle dered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To hurt; harm; injure; wound."
],
"links": [
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"injure",
"injure"
],
[
"wound",
"wound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, UK, archaic, dialectal) To hurt; harm; injure; wound."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "damage"
},
{
"word": "scathe"
},
{
"word": "harm"
},
{
"word": "hurt"
}
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To annoy, trouble, grieve."
],
"links": [
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"grieve",
"grieve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, UK dialectal) To annoy, trouble, grieve."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"homophone": "dear"
},
{
"homophone": "deer"
}
],
"word": "dere"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English pronouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "dere (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "there"
}
],
"categories": [
"English pronunciation spellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Pronunciation spelling of there."
],
"links": [
[
"Pronunciation spelling",
"pronunciation spelling"
],
[
"there",
"there#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"not-comparable",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛː(ɹ)/",
"note": "African-American Vernacular, New York City"
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪ɛː(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"English",
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪ɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Midlands"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪iəɹ/",
"note": "rural areas of Scotland, rare"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛː(ɹ)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"homophone": "dare stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "der"
}
],
"word": "dere"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English pronouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dere",
"name": "en-interjection"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "there"
}
],
"categories": [
"English pronunciation spellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Pronunciation spelling of there."
],
"links": [
[
"Pronunciation spelling",
"pronunciation spelling"
],
[
"there",
"there#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛː(ɹ)/",
"note": "African-American Vernacular, New York City"
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪ɛː(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"English",
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪ɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Midlands"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪iəɹ/",
"note": "rural areas of Scotland, rare"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛː(ɹ)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"homophone": "dare stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "der"
}
],
"word": "dere"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English pronouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "dere (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "there"
}
],
"categories": [
"English pronunciation spellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Pronunciation spelling of there."
],
"links": [
[
"Pronunciation spelling",
"pronunciation spelling"
],
[
"there",
"there#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"pronunciation-spelling",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛː(ɹ)/",
"note": "African-American Vernacular, New York City"
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪ɛː(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"English",
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪ɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Midlands"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪iəɹ/",
"note": "rural areas of Scotland, rare"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛː(ɹ)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"homophone": "dare stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "der"
}
],
"word": "dere"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English pronouns",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɛː(ɹ)/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "pronoun",
"20": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dere",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dere",
"name": "en-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "there"
}
],
"categories": [
"English pronunciation spellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Pronunciation spelling of there."
],
"links": [
[
"Pronunciation spelling",
"pronunciation spelling"
],
[
"there",
"there#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"pronunciation-spelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɛː(ɹ)/",
"note": "African-American Vernacular, New York City"
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪ɛː(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"English",
"Ulster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪ɛə(ɹ)/",
"tags": [
"Midlands"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d̪iəɹ/",
"note": "rural areas of Scotland, rare"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛː(ɹ)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛə(ɹ)"
},
{
"homophone": "dare stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "der"
}
],
"word": "dere"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dere meaning in English (13.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.