See keen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keen as a bean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keen as knives"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keen as mustard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keenly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keenness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keeno"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keen on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keen-witted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "peachy keen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "peachy keen jelly bean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "treat 'em mean to keep 'em keen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "young and keen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kene",
"4": "",
"5": "bold, brave, sharp"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kene (“bold, brave, sharp”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cēne",
"4": "",
"5": "keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise"
},
"expansion": "Old English cēne (“keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kōniz",
"4": "",
"5": "knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kōniz (“knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-",
"4": "",
"5": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "køn",
"3": "",
"4": "handsome, pretty"
},
"expansion": "Danish køn (“handsome, pretty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kien",
"3": "",
"4": "smart, wise, able"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kien (“smart, wise, able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kühn",
"3": "",
"4": "bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome"
},
"expansion": "German kühn (“bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kænn",
"3": "",
"4": "wise, crafty, clever, able"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kænn (“wise, crafty, clever, able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kønur",
"3": "",
"4": "expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable"
},
"expansion": "Faroese kønur (“expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "keen",
"3": "",
"4": "lively, brisk; avaricious"
},
"expansion": "Scots keen (“lively, brisk; avaricious”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cunnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to know how to, be able to"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English kene (“bold, brave, sharp”), from Old English cēne (“keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise”), from Proto-Germanic *kōniz (“knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).\nCognate with Danish køn (“handsome, pretty”), Dutch kien (“smart, wise, able”), koen (“daring, valiant, doughty, courageous”), German kühn (“bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome”), Icelandic kænn (“wise, crafty, clever, able”), Faroese kønur (“expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable”), Scots keen (“lively, brisk; avaricious”). Related to Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”). More at cunning, can.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keener",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more keen",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "keenest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most keen",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "keen (comparative keener or more keen, superlative keenest or most keen)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Commonwealth English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 5 2 7 6 2 17 20 1 9 2 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I’m keen on computers.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I’m keen on you. ― I like you.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She’s keen to learn another language.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "“Do you want to go on holiday with me?” “Yes, I’m keen.”",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act III, scene ii, page 268, column 2:",
"text": "Ophe[lia] You are keene my Lord, you are keene. / Ham[let] It would coſt you a groaning, to take off my edge.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Jane Green, Bookends, London: Penguin Books; republished as Bookends: A Novel, trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Broadway Books, 2003, page 304",
"text": "In fact, she doesn't mention the fact that I've obviously been avoiding her, just sounds genuinely thrilled to hear from me, and as soon as I mention getting together she suggests Monday, which is rather keen, even for Portia."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often with a prepositional phrase, or with to and an infinitive: showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness; eager, enthusiastic, interested."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-en:enthusiastic",
"links": [
[
"prepositional phrase",
"prepositional phrase"
],
[
"to",
"to#English"
],
[
"quick",
"quick#Adjective"
],
[
"ardent",
"ardent"
],
[
"responsiveness",
"responsiveness"
],
[
"willingness",
"willingness"
],
[
"eager",
"eager"
],
[
"enthusiastic",
"enthusiastic"
],
[
"interested",
"interested"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Commonwealth) Often with a prepositional phrase, or with to and an infinitive: showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness; eager, enthusiastic, interested."
],
"senseid": [
"en:enthusiastic"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ardent"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "eager"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "prompt"
}
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "energičen",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "енергичен"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "revnosten",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ревностен"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entusiasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ivrig"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "innukas"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "usin"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "agar"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "entusiasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"alt": "ინტერესი",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ცხოველი"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "scharf"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"roman": "daring",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "kühn)"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "verwegen (temerarious)"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "de",
"english": "ardent",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "leidenschaftlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "áhugasamur"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "propenso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "incline"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entusiasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "pronto"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "desideroso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "voglioso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "disposto"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "intenzionato"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "preparato"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kurc",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "курч"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "keskin",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "кескин"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "katuu",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "катуу"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "raspoložen",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "расположен"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ivrig"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ivrig"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "afogat"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entosiasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "estrambordat"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "cēne"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pronicátelʹnyj",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "проница́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soobrazítelʹnyj",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "сообрази́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "èasgaidh"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entusiasta"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ardoroso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "fijo"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "motivado"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "interesado"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entusiasmado"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "düşkün"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "hevesli"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 4 2 3 3 2 3 1 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "istekli"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This boy has a keen appetite.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1598, William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act III, scene ii, page 176, column 1:",
"text": "[N]euer did I know / A creature that did beare the ſhape of man / So keene and greedy to confound a man.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885, Helen Hunt Jackson, Zeph: A Posthumous Story:",
"text": "Her love of a good dinner herself, and her still keener love of the approbation she won by setting it before others, kept up perpetual warfare with her savingness […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fierce, intense, vehement."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-5eKRrXeP",
"links": [
[
"Fierce",
"fierce#English"
],
[
"intense",
"intense"
],
[
"vehement",
"vehement"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "silen",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "силен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "intenziven",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "интензивен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "heftig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "akra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "äge"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "inṭensiuri",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ინტენსიური"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "basri",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ბასრი"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "maxvili",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "მახვილი"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ʒlieri",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ძლიერი"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ungestüm"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "vehement"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "heftig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "veemente"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "cēne"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sílʹnyj",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "си́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rézkij",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ре́зкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "intensívnyj",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "интенси́вный"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "vehemente"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "voraz"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ateşli"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "coşkulu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "öfkeli"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 0 1 1 1 1 4 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "şiddetli"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1595–1596, William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act V, scene ii, page 139, column 1:",
"text": "The tongues of mocking wenches are as keen\n As is the Razors edge, inuisible: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act I, scene v, page 134, column 2:",
"text": "Come thick Night, / And pall thee in the dunneſt ſmoake of Hell, / That my keene Knife ſee not the Wound it makes, / Nor Heauen peepe through the Blanket of the darke, / To cry, hold, hold.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having a fine edge or point; sharp."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-N4RzIda7",
"links": [
[
"fine",
"fine#Adjective"
],
[
"edge",
"edge#Noun"
],
[
"point",
"point#Noun"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 87 6 2 1 1 0 0",
"sense": "having a fine edge or point",
"word": "sharp"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "skerp"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "scherp"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "terav"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "scharf"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ostar",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "остар"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ostryj",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "острый"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "shairp"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "sherp"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 5 33 10 17 10 9 5 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hostryj",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гострий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1609, William Shakespeare, “A Louers Complaint”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:",
"text": "For when we rage, aduiſe is often ſeene\n By blunting vs to make our wits more keene.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1781 January, William Cowper, “Table Talk”, in Poems, 4th edition, London: Printed for J. Johnson, No. 72, St. Paul's Church Yard, published 1782, →OCLC, page 11, lines 492–495:",
"text": "So, when remote futurity is brought / Before the keen inquiry of her thought, / A terrible sagacity informs / The poet's heart; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Walt Whitman, “Notes Left Over: Emerson's Books”, in Complete Prose Works:",
"text": "These books will fill, and well fill, certain stretches of life […] But in old or nervous or solemnest or dying hours, when one needs the impalpably soothing and vitalizing influences of abysmic Nature, or its affinities in literature or human society, and the soul resents the keenest mere intellection, they will not be sought for.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Acute of mind, having or expressing mental acuteness; penetrating, sharp."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-sSPlAxcq",
"links": [
[
"Acute",
"acute#English"
],
[
"mind",
"mind#Noun"
],
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"penetrating",
"penetrating#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 4 0 87 0 0 2 0 4",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"word": "acute"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 87 0 0 3 0 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"word": "scharfsinnig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 87 0 0 3 0 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ostroumen",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "остроумен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 87 0 0 3 0 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agudo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 87 0 0 3 0 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aguzado"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 0 87 0 0 3 0 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pronyklyvyj",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "проникливий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "keen satire or sarcasm",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1606, William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act III, scene i, page 9, column 2:",
"text": "O lawfull let it be / That I have roome with Rome to curſe a while, / Good Father Cardinall, cry thou Amen / To my keene curſes; for without my wrong / There is no tongue hath power to curſe him right.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Acrimonious, bitter, piercing."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-ogOHoCNC",
"links": [
[
"Acrimonious",
"acrimonious#English"
],
[
"bitter",
"bitter#Adjective"
],
[
"piercing",
"piercing#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 11 3 79 3 1 1 1",
"sense": "acrimonious",
"word": "biting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 11 3 79 3 1 1 1",
"sense": "acrimonious",
"word": "cutting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 11 3 79 3 1 1 1",
"sense": "acrimonious",
"word": "piercing"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 80 8 1 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "bitter"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 80 8 1 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "scharfzüngig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 80 8 1 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "spitz"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 80 8 1 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "gallig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 5 2 80 8 1 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "beißend"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a keen wind",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "the cold is very keen",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1764 December 19 (indicated as 1765), Oliver Goldsmith, The Traveller, or a Prospect of Society. A Poem. Inscribed to the Rev. Henry Goldsmith, London: Printed for J[ohn] Newbery, →OCLC; 3rd edition, London: Printed for J. Newbury, in St. Paul's Church-yard, 1765, →OCLC, page 10",
"text": "Chearful at morn he wakes from ſhort repoſe, / Breaſts the keen air, and carolls as he goes; […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating, piercing, sharp."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-7P-dSaSK",
"links": [
[
"cutting",
"cutting#Adjective"
],
[
"penetrating",
"penetrating#Adjective"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pronizvašt",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "пронизващ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "akra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "schneidend"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "pūkatokato"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "kōtaratara"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pronízyvajuščij",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "прони́зывающий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rézkij",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "ре́зкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "cortante"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 3 13 3 74 3 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pronyzlyvyj",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пронизливий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 5 2 7 6 2 17 20 1 9 2 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of prices, extremely low as to be competitive."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-LXcWSNOK",
"links": [
[
"low",
"low#Adjective"
],
[
"competitive",
"competitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British) Of prices, extremely low as to be competitive."
],
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 5 2 7 6 2 17 20 1 9 2 3 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 1 5 6 11 4 20 29 0 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 0 3 4 6 2 16 28 5 6 4 5 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 0 2 4 6 2 16 29 5 5 4 4 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 5 8 4 17 38 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 5 3 5 8 4 18 35 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 4 8 4 17 37 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 2 3 6 3 15 49 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 0 4 7 9 4 18 36 0 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 0 2 4 5 2 19 48 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 3 5 9 4 18 37 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 3 5 9 4 18 37 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 5 3 5 8 4 19 36 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 3 4 7 8 4 17 36 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 5 8 4 17 38 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 2 4 7 3 15 42 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 1 3 6 7 3 18 42 0 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 5 8 4 17 38 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 3 5 9 4 18 37 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 5 8 4 17 38 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 3 5 9 4 18 35 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 2 1 3 4 2 17 50 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 2 3 5 6 3 18 42 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 4 1 4 5 1 17 42 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 1 3 6 7 3 18 42 0 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 3 4 7 3 17 41 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 4 8 4 18 38 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 0 3 6 7 3 18 41 0 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 4 8 4 17 39 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 4 3 5 8 4 17 38 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I just got this peachy keen new dress.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1974 February 4, “Bennie and the Jets”, in Elton John (lyrics), Bernie Taupin (music), Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, performed by Elton John, Davey Johnstone, Dee Murray, Nigel Olsson, track 3:",
"text": "Oh, but they're weird and they're wonderful / Oh, Bennie, she's really keen / She's got electric boots, a mohair suit / You know I read it in a magazine, oh / B-B-B-Bennie and the Jets",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1985, Douglas Adams, The Original Hitchhiker Radio Scripts, New York, N.Y.: Harmony Books, →ISBN, page 82:",
"text": "Well our hosts here attacked us with a fantastic Dismodulating Anti Phase stun ray and then invited us to this amazingly keen meal by way of making it up to us.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marvelous."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-qDfUZUmW",
"links": [
[
"Marvelous",
"marvelous#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, informal, dated) Marvelous."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dated",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Brave, courageous; audacious, bold."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-adj-cBK8cbSf",
"links": [
[
"Brave",
"brave#English"
],
[
"courageous",
"courageous"
],
[
"audacious",
"audacious"
],
[
"bold",
"bold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Brave, courageous; audacious, bold."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kēn",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg/En-us-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg/En-au-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "Keane"
},
{
"homophone": "Keene"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "penetrating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shrewd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intelligent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "kene"
}
],
"word": "keen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kene",
"4": "",
"5": "bold, brave, sharp"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kene (“bold, brave, sharp”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cēne",
"4": "",
"5": "keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise"
},
"expansion": "Old English cēne (“keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kōniz",
"4": "",
"5": "knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kōniz (“knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-",
"4": "",
"5": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "køn",
"3": "",
"4": "handsome, pretty"
},
"expansion": "Danish køn (“handsome, pretty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kien",
"3": "",
"4": "smart, wise, able"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kien (“smart, wise, able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kühn",
"3": "",
"4": "bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome"
},
"expansion": "German kühn (“bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kænn",
"3": "",
"4": "wise, crafty, clever, able"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kænn (“wise, crafty, clever, able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kønur",
"3": "",
"4": "expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable"
},
"expansion": "Faroese kønur (“expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "keen",
"3": "",
"4": "lively, brisk; avaricious"
},
"expansion": "Scots keen (“lively, brisk; avaricious”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cunnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to know how to, be able to"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English kene (“bold, brave, sharp”), from Old English cēne (“keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise”), from Proto-Germanic *kōniz (“knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).\nCognate with Danish køn (“handsome, pretty”), Dutch kien (“smart, wise, able”), koen (“daring, valiant, doughty, courageous”), German kühn (“bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome”), Icelandic kænn (“wise, crafty, clever, able”), Faroese kønur (“expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable”), Scots keen (“lively, brisk; avaricious”). Related to Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”). More at cunning, can.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "keening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "keened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "keened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "keen (third-person singular simple present keens, present participle keening, simple past and past participle keened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 93, lines 1256–1259:",
"text": "This is the pureſt exerciſe of health, / The kind refreſher of the ſummer-heats; / Nor, when cold Winter keens the brightening flood, / Would I weak-ſhivering linger on the brink.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make cold, to sharpen."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-verb-nQWa2RKs",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold#Adjective"
],
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To make cold, to sharpen."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kēn",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg/En-us-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg/En-au-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "Keane"
},
{
"homophone": "Keene"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "kene"
}
],
"word": "keen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "caoin",
"4": "",
"5": "to cry, weep; to keen"
},
"expansion": "Irish caoin (“to cry, weep; to keen”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Irish caoin (“to cry, weep; to keen”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "keen (plural keens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “3/5/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days, London: W[illiam] Collins Sons & Co., →OCLC, →OL:",
"text": "[S]he went so swiftly that he could only follow her to the door. The large shape of the car swallowed her up; and the car twisted softly around the little drive and away to the London road. Minutes later he heard its Klaxon, just one sharp keen, like the harsh cry of a sea-bird.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A prolonged wail for a deceased person."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-noun-h~82Rk2L",
"links": [
[
"prolonged",
"prolonged#Adjective"
],
[
"wail",
"wail#Noun"
],
[
"deceased",
"deceased"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kēn",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg/En-us-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg/En-au-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "Keane"
},
{
"homophone": "Keene"
}
],
"word": "keen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "caoin",
"4": "",
"5": "to cry, weep; to keen"
},
"expansion": "Irish caoin (“to cry, weep; to keen”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Irish caoin (“to cry, weep; to keen”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "keening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "keened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "keened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "keen (third-person singular simple present keens, present participle keening, simple past and past participle keened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "keener"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "20th century, Stuart Howard-Jones (1904–1974), “Hibernia”, in Kingsley Amis, comp., The New Oxford Book of English Light Verse, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 1978, page 243",
"text": "Last night he had put down too much Potheen / (A vulgar blend of Methyl and Benzene) / That, at some Wake, he might the better keen. / (Keen—meaning 'brisk'? Nay, here the Language warps: / 'Tis singing bawdy Ballads to a Corpse.)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To utter a keen."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-verb-en:to_lament",
"links": [
[
"utter",
"utter#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To utter a keen."
],
"senseid": [
"en:to lament"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "howl"
},
{
"word": "wail"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1981, Gene Wolfe, chapter VIII, in The Claw of the Conciliator (The Book of the New Sun; 2), New York: Timescape, →ISBN, page 71:",
"text": "Pelicans fly below us with stiffly formal strokes, and gulls wheel and keen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Mercedes Lackey, Brightly Burning, New York, N.Y.: DAW Books, →ISBN:",
"text": "Satiran, lost in his own grief, shuddered once, then lifted his head to the sky and keened out his loss to the heavens.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To utter with a loud wailing voice or wordless cry."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-verb--mS~khAh",
"links": [
[
"loud",
"loud"
],
[
"wailing",
"wailing"
],
[
"voice",
"voice#Noun"
],
[
"wordless",
"wordless"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To utter with a loud wailing voice or wordless cry."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1996, Virginia Warner Brodine, Seed of the Fire, New York, N.Y.: International Publishers, →ISBN, page 28:",
"text": "I keened my Gran, I keened my babies, but then my words poured out of my grief. I don't have the full heart like that for Owen, sorry as I am for his goin. Without the heavy grief on me I can maybe think of the words easier.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Neil Gaiman, Norse Mythology, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 113:",
"text": "She sniffed and nodded and cried and wailed and keened for her husband, who would never come back to her.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mourn."
],
"id": "en-keen-en-verb-~dNHArqg",
"links": [
[
"mourn",
"mourn#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To mourn."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grieve"
},
{
"word": "lament"
},
{
"word": "lament"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kēn",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg/En-us-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg"
},
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "Keane"
},
{
"homophone": "Keene"
}
],
"word": "keen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "keen as a bean"
},
{
"word": "keen as knives"
},
{
"word": "keen as mustard"
},
{
"word": "keenly"
},
{
"word": "keenness"
},
{
"word": "keeno"
},
{
"word": "keen on"
},
{
"word": "keen-witted"
},
{
"word": "peachy keen"
},
{
"word": "peachy keen jelly bean"
},
{
"word": "treat 'em mean to keep 'em keen"
},
{
"word": "young and keen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kene",
"4": "",
"5": "bold, brave, sharp"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kene (“bold, brave, sharp”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cēne",
"4": "",
"5": "keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise"
},
"expansion": "Old English cēne (“keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kōniz",
"4": "",
"5": "knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kōniz (“knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-",
"4": "",
"5": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "køn",
"3": "",
"4": "handsome, pretty"
},
"expansion": "Danish køn (“handsome, pretty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kien",
"3": "",
"4": "smart, wise, able"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kien (“smart, wise, able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kühn",
"3": "",
"4": "bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome"
},
"expansion": "German kühn (“bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kænn",
"3": "",
"4": "wise, crafty, clever, able"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kænn (“wise, crafty, clever, able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kønur",
"3": "",
"4": "expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable"
},
"expansion": "Faroese kønur (“expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "keen",
"3": "",
"4": "lively, brisk; avaricious"
},
"expansion": "Scots keen (“lively, brisk; avaricious”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cunnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to know how to, be able to"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English kene (“bold, brave, sharp”), from Old English cēne (“keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise”), from Proto-Germanic *kōniz (“knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).\nCognate with Danish køn (“handsome, pretty”), Dutch kien (“smart, wise, able”), koen (“daring, valiant, doughty, courageous”), German kühn (“bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome”), Icelandic kænn (“wise, crafty, clever, able”), Faroese kønur (“expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable”), Scots keen (“lively, brisk; avaricious”). Related to Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”). More at cunning, can.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keener",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more keen",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "keenest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most keen",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "keen (comparative keener or more keen, superlative keenest or most keen)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Commonwealth English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I’m keen on computers.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I’m keen on you. ― I like you.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "She’s keen to learn another language.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "“Do you want to go on holiday with me?” “Yes, I’m keen.”",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act III, scene ii, page 268, column 2:",
"text": "Ophe[lia] You are keene my Lord, you are keene. / Ham[let] It would coſt you a groaning, to take off my edge.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Jane Green, Bookends, London: Penguin Books; republished as Bookends: A Novel, trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Broadway Books, 2003, page 304",
"text": "In fact, she doesn't mention the fact that I've obviously been avoiding her, just sounds genuinely thrilled to hear from me, and as soon as I mention getting together she suggests Monday, which is rather keen, even for Portia."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Often with a prepositional phrase, or with to and an infinitive: showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness; eager, enthusiastic, interested."
],
"links": [
[
"prepositional phrase",
"prepositional phrase"
],
[
"to",
"to#English"
],
[
"quick",
"quick#Adjective"
],
[
"ardent",
"ardent"
],
[
"responsiveness",
"responsiveness"
],
[
"willingness",
"willingness"
],
[
"eager",
"eager"
],
[
"enthusiastic",
"enthusiastic"
],
[
"interested",
"interested"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Commonwealth) Often with a prepositional phrase, or with to and an infinitive: showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness; eager, enthusiastic, interested."
],
"senseid": [
"en:enthusiastic"
],
"tags": [
"Commonwealth"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This boy has a keen appetite.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1596–1598, William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act III, scene ii, page 176, column 1:",
"text": "[N]euer did I know / A creature that did beare the ſhape of man / So keene and greedy to confound a man.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885, Helen Hunt Jackson, Zeph: A Posthumous Story:",
"text": "Her love of a good dinner herself, and her still keener love of the approbation she won by setting it before others, kept up perpetual warfare with her savingness […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fierce, intense, vehement."
],
"links": [
[
"Fierce",
"fierce#English"
],
[
"intense",
"intense"
],
[
"vehement",
"vehement"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1595–1596, William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act V, scene ii, page 139, column 1:",
"text": "The tongues of mocking wenches are as keen\n As is the Razors edge, inuisible: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act I, scene v, page 134, column 2:",
"text": "Come thick Night, / And pall thee in the dunneſt ſmoake of Hell, / That my keene Knife ſee not the Wound it makes, / Nor Heauen peepe through the Blanket of the darke, / To cry, hold, hold.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having a fine edge or point; sharp."
],
"links": [
[
"fine",
"fine#Adjective"
],
[
"edge",
"edge#Noun"
],
[
"point",
"point#Noun"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1609, William Shakespeare, “A Louers Complaint”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:",
"text": "For when we rage, aduiſe is often ſeene\n By blunting vs to make our wits more keene.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1781 January, William Cowper, “Table Talk”, in Poems, 4th edition, London: Printed for J. Johnson, No. 72, St. Paul's Church Yard, published 1782, →OCLC, page 11, lines 492–495:",
"text": "So, when remote futurity is brought / Before the keen inquiry of her thought, / A terrible sagacity informs / The poet's heart; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Walt Whitman, “Notes Left Over: Emerson's Books”, in Complete Prose Works:",
"text": "These books will fill, and well fill, certain stretches of life […] But in old or nervous or solemnest or dying hours, when one needs the impalpably soothing and vitalizing influences of abysmic Nature, or its affinities in literature or human society, and the soul resents the keenest mere intellection, they will not be sought for.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Acute of mind, having or expressing mental acuteness; penetrating, sharp."
],
"links": [
[
"Acute",
"acute#English"
],
[
"mind",
"mind#Noun"
],
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"penetrating",
"penetrating#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "keen satire or sarcasm",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1606, William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act III, scene i, page 9, column 2:",
"text": "O lawfull let it be / That I have roome with Rome to curſe a while, / Good Father Cardinall, cry thou Amen / To my keene curſes; for without my wrong / There is no tongue hath power to curſe him right.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Acrimonious, bitter, piercing."
],
"links": [
[
"Acrimonious",
"acrimonious#English"
],
[
"bitter",
"bitter#Adjective"
],
[
"piercing",
"piercing#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a keen wind",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "the cold is very keen",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1764 December 19 (indicated as 1765), Oliver Goldsmith, The Traveller, or a Prospect of Society. A Poem. Inscribed to the Rev. Henry Goldsmith, London: Printed for J[ohn] Newbery, →OCLC; 3rd edition, London: Printed for J. Newbury, in St. Paul's Church-yard, 1765, →OCLC, page 10",
"text": "Chearful at morn he wakes from ſhort repoſe, / Breaſts the keen air, and carolls as he goes; […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating, piercing, sharp."
],
"links": [
[
"cutting",
"cutting#Adjective"
],
[
"penetrating",
"penetrating#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"Of prices, extremely low as to be competitive."
],
"links": [
[
"low",
"low#Adjective"
],
[
"competitive",
"competitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British) Of prices, extremely low as to be competitive."
],
"tags": [
"British"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English dated terms",
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I just got this peachy keen new dress.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1974 February 4, “Bennie and the Jets”, in Elton John (lyrics), Bernie Taupin (music), Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, performed by Elton John, Davey Johnstone, Dee Murray, Nigel Olsson, track 3:",
"text": "Oh, but they're weird and they're wonderful / Oh, Bennie, she's really keen / She's got electric boots, a mohair suit / You know I read it in a magazine, oh / B-B-B-Bennie and the Jets",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1985, Douglas Adams, The Original Hitchhiker Radio Scripts, New York, N.Y.: Harmony Books, →ISBN, page 82:",
"text": "Well our hosts here attacked us with a fantastic Dismodulating Anti Phase stun ray and then invited us to this amazingly keen meal by way of making it up to us.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Marvelous."
],
"links": [
[
"Marvelous",
"marvelous#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, informal, dated) Marvelous."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dated",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Brave, courageous; audacious, bold."
],
"links": [
[
"Brave",
"brave#English"
],
[
"courageous",
"courageous"
],
[
"audacious",
"audacious"
],
[
"bold",
"bold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Brave, courageous; audacious, bold."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kēn",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg/En-us-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg/En-au-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "Keane"
},
{
"homophone": "Keene"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ardent"
},
{
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "eager"
},
{
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "prompt"
},
{
"sense": "having a fine edge or point",
"word": "sharp"
},
{
"sense": "acrimonious",
"word": "biting"
},
{
"sense": "acrimonious",
"word": "cutting"
},
{
"sense": "acrimonious",
"word": "piercing"
},
{
"sense": "acute of mind",
"word": "acute"
},
{
"word": "penetrating"
},
{
"word": "shrewd"
},
{
"word": "intelligent"
},
{
"word": "keene"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "kene"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "energičen",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "енергичен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "revnosten",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ревностен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entusiasta"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ivrig"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "innukas"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "usin"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "agar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "entusiasta"
},
{
"alt": "ინტერესი",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ცხოველი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "scharf"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"roman": "daring",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "kühn)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "verwegen (temerarious)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "ardent",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "leidenschaftlich"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "áhugasamur"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "propenso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "incline"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entusiasta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "pronto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "desideroso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "voglioso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "disposto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "intenzionato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "preparato"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kurc",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "курч"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "keskin",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "кескин"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "katuu",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "катуу"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "kurc",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "курч"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "raspoložen",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "расположен"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ivrig"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ivrig"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "afogat"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entosiasta"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "estrambordat"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "cēne"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pronicátelʹnyj",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "проница́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soobrazítelʹnyj",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "сообрази́тельный"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "èasgaidh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entusiasta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "ardoroso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "fijo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "motivado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "interesado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "entusiasmado"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "düşkün"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "hevesli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "showing a quick and ardent responsiveness or willingness",
"word": "istekli"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "silen",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "силен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "intenziven",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "интензивен"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "heftig"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "akra"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "äge"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "inṭensiuri",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ინტენსიური"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "basri",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ბასრი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "maxvili",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "მახვილი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ʒlieri",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ძლიერი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ungestüm"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "vehement"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "heftig"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "veemente"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "cēne"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sílʹnyj",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "си́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rézkij",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ре́зкий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "intensívnyj",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "интенси́вный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "vehemente"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "voraz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "ateşli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "coşkulu"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "öfkeli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fierce, intense, vehement",
"word": "şiddetli"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "skerp"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "scherp"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "terav"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "scharf"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ostar",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "остар"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ostryj",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "острый"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "shairp"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"word": "sherp"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hostryj",
"sense": "sharp-edged",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гострий"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"word": "scharfsinnig"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ostroumen",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "остроумен"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agudo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aguzado"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pronyklyvyj",
"sense": "acute of mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "проникливий"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "bitter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "scharfzüngig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "spitz"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "gallig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "acrimonious, bitter, piercing",
"word": "beißend"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pronizvašt",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "пронизващ"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "akra"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "schneidend"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "pūkatokato"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "kōtaratara"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pronízyvajuščij",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "прони́зывающий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rézkij",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "ре́зкий"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"word": "cortante"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pronyzlyvyj",
"sense": "of cold, wind, etc.: cutting, penetrating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пронизливий"
}
],
"word": "keen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "kene",
"4": "",
"5": "bold, brave, sharp"
},
"expansion": "Middle English kene (“bold, brave, sharp”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cēne",
"4": "",
"5": "keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise"
},
"expansion": "Old English cēne (“keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kōniz",
"4": "",
"5": "knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kōniz (“knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-",
"4": "",
"5": "to know"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "køn",
"3": "",
"4": "handsome, pretty"
},
"expansion": "Danish køn (“handsome, pretty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kien",
"3": "",
"4": "smart, wise, able"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kien (“smart, wise, able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kühn",
"3": "",
"4": "bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome"
},
"expansion": "German kühn (“bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kænn",
"3": "",
"4": "wise, crafty, clever, able"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kænn (“wise, crafty, clever, able”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kønur",
"3": "",
"4": "expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable"
},
"expansion": "Faroese kønur (“expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "keen",
"3": "",
"4": "lively, brisk; avaricious"
},
"expansion": "Scots keen (“lively, brisk; avaricious”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cunnan",
"3": "",
"4": "to know how to, be able to"
},
"expansion": "Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English kene (“bold, brave, sharp”), from Old English cēne (“keen, fierce, bold, brave, warlike, powerful; learned, clever, wise”), from Proto-Germanic *kōniz (“knowledgeable, skilful, experienced, clever, capable”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).\nCognate with Danish køn (“handsome, pretty”), Dutch kien (“smart, wise, able”), koen (“daring, valiant, doughty, courageous”), German kühn (“bold, daring, audacious, hardy, valiant, venturesome”), Icelandic kænn (“wise, crafty, clever, able”), Faroese kønur (“expert (in, on), experienced, skilful, able, capable”), Scots keen (“lively, brisk; avaricious”). Related to Old English cunnan (“to know how to, be able to”). More at cunning, can.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "keening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "keened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "keened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "keen (third-person singular simple present keens, present participle keening, simple past and past participle keened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 93, lines 1256–1259:",
"text": "This is the pureſt exerciſe of health, / The kind refreſher of the ſummer-heats; / Nor, when cold Winter keens the brightening flood, / Would I weak-ſhivering linger on the brink.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make cold, to sharpen."
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold#Adjective"
],
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To make cold, to sharpen."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kēn",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg/En-us-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg/En-au-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "Keane"
},
{
"homophone": "Keene"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "keene"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "kene"
}
],
"word": "keen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "caoin",
"4": "",
"5": "to cry, weep; to keen"
},
"expansion": "Irish caoin (“to cry, weep; to keen”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Irish caoin (“to cry, weep; to keen”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "keen (plural keens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “3/5/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days, London: W[illiam] Collins Sons & Co., →OCLC, →OL:",
"text": "[S]he went so swiftly that he could only follow her to the door. The large shape of the car swallowed her up; and the car twisted softly around the little drive and away to the London road. Minutes later he heard its Klaxon, just one sharp keen, like the harsh cry of a sea-bird.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A prolonged wail for a deceased person."
],
"links": [
[
"prolonged",
"prolonged#Adjective"
],
[
"wail",
"wail#Noun"
],
[
"deceased",
"deceased"
],
[
"person",
"person"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kēn",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg/En-us-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg/En-au-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "Keane"
},
{
"homophone": "Keene"
}
],
"word": "keen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːn",
"Rhymes:English/iːn/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "caoin",
"4": "",
"5": "to cry, weep; to keen"
},
"expansion": "Irish caoin (“to cry, weep; to keen”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Irish caoin (“to cry, weep; to keen”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "keens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "keening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "keened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "keened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "keen (third-person singular simple present keens, present participle keening, simple past and past participle keened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "keener"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "20th century, Stuart Howard-Jones (1904–1974), “Hibernia”, in Kingsley Amis, comp., The New Oxford Book of English Light Verse, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 1978, page 243",
"text": "Last night he had put down too much Potheen / (A vulgar blend of Methyl and Benzene) / That, at some Wake, he might the better keen. / (Keen—meaning 'brisk'? Nay, here the Language warps: / 'Tis singing bawdy Ballads to a Corpse.)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To utter a keen."
],
"links": [
[
"utter",
"utter#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To utter a keen."
],
"senseid": [
"en:to lament"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "howl"
},
{
"word": "wail"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1981, Gene Wolfe, chapter VIII, in The Claw of the Conciliator (The Book of the New Sun; 2), New York: Timescape, →ISBN, page 71:",
"text": "Pelicans fly below us with stiffly formal strokes, and gulls wheel and keen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Mercedes Lackey, Brightly Burning, New York, N.Y.: DAW Books, →ISBN:",
"text": "Satiran, lost in his own grief, shuddered once, then lifted his head to the sky and keened out his loss to the heavens.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To utter with a loud wailing voice or wordless cry."
],
"links": [
[
"loud",
"loud"
],
[
"wailing",
"wailing"
],
[
"voice",
"voice#Noun"
],
[
"wordless",
"wordless"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To utter with a loud wailing voice or wordless cry."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1996, Virginia Warner Brodine, Seed of the Fire, New York, N.Y.: International Publishers, →ISBN, page 28:",
"text": "I keened my Gran, I keened my babies, but then my words poured out of my grief. I don't have the full heart like that for Owen, sorry as I am for his goin. Without the heavy grief on me I can maybe think of the words easier.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Neil Gaiman, Norse Mythology, Bloomsbury Publishing, page 113:",
"text": "She sniffed and nodded and cried and wailed and keened for her husband, who would never come back to her.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mourn."
],
"links": [
[
"mourn",
"mourn#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To mourn."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grieve"
},
{
"word": "lament"
},
{
"word": "lament"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "kēn",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg/En-us-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/En-us-keen.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-keen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg/En-au-keen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/En-au-keen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːn"
},
{
"homophone": "Keane"
},
{
"homophone": "Keene"
}
],
"word": "keen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for keen meaning in English (39.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2028",
"msg": "more than one value in \"alt\": cxoveli (inṭeresi) vs. ინტერესი",
"path": [
"keen"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "keen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.