See -ese on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-eys<id:-eys enm>",
"id": "-ese en",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-iskbor.\nLate Latin -iscus\nVulgar Latin -iscus\nLatin -ēnsis\nOld French -eisbor.\nMiddle English -eys\nEnglish -ese",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-eys"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -eys",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-eis"
},
"expansion": "Old French -eis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ēnsis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ēnsis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "-iscus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin -iscus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Italian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-iskbor.\nLate Latin -iscus\nVulgar Latin -iscus\nLatin -ēnsis\nOld French -eisbor.\nMiddle English -eys\nEnglish -ese\nFrom Middle English -eys, from Old French -eis, from Latin -ēnsis and, less often, Late Latin -iscus. Generally used in place of more common equivalent suffixes such as -er and -an on the model of equivalent terms in Italian and Portuguese, particularly for Italian, Portuguese African, and East Asian places first widely discussed in Portuguese and Latin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ese",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ese",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 33 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aragonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Algherese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Ambonese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Amoyese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Andamanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Annamese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Annobonese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Aragonese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Assamese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Auvergnese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Balinese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Beninese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Berlinese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Bhutanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Brooklynese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Burmese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Canarese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Cantonese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Chinese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Congolese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Dublinese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "East Timorese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Faroese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Foochowese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Foochownese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Fukienese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Gabonese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Genoese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Gilbertese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Guyanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Hainanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Hoisanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Japanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Javanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Katangese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Kinmenese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Lebanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Macanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Maltese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Marshallese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Milanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Nepalese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Nipponese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Parmese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Pekingese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Piedmontese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Pitcairnese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Pittsburghese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Portuguese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Reunionese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Runyonese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Rwandese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Saigonese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Senegalese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Sentinelese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Shanghainese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Siamese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Sikkimese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Sudanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Sundanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Surinamese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Taishanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Taiwanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Timese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Togolese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Toisanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Toishanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Viennese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Vietnamese"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Wenchowese"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Faroese, Maltese, Milanese, Parmese, Portuguese, Viennese; Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese; Beninese, Congolese, Togolese"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives and nouns describing things and characteristics of a city, region, or country, such as the people and the language spoken by these people."
],
"id": "en--ese-en-suffix-LOUM~w8E",
"links": [
[
"language",
"language#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "59 41",
"word": "-ess"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"word": "-an"
},
{
"word": "-ian"
},
{
"word": "-ic"
},
{
"word": "-ite"
},
{
"word": "-i"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ees"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-isht"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "-iyy",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "ـِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-cə"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ca (after vowel a/ı/o/u)"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"note": "for languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-era"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"note": "for persons",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-tar"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"note": "for persons",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-dar"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"note": "for adjectives",
"roman": "-ski",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ски"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ès"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"Valencian",
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"Valencian",
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"note": "use attributive noun",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "zh",
"note": "use attributive noun",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ština"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-čtina"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ský"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ská"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-esisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ees"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"lang_code": "ext",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fax",
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fax",
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fax",
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-skur"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-iskur"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"note": "persons or adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-lainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ais"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ois"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ês"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-esu"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "-uri",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ური"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"note": "in words ending in -r",
"roman": "-uli",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ული"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"note": "for adjectives and languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-isch"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"note": "for persons",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "-ikós",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-skur"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"note": "for adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-iskur"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"note": "for languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ska"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ach"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-each"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"note": "for languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ensis"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ita"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ites"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-anus"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-inus"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ius"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ietis"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-iete"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-isks"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "roa-leo",
"lang": "Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-leo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "roa-leo",
"lang": "Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-leo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"note": "for adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ski"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-esch"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"note": "for adjectives",
"roman": "-ski",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ски"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-î (ku)"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"note": "after vowel-final words",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-yî (ku)"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-ĭskŭ",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ьскъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "-ski",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ски"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "-skova",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-скова"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"alt": "after words or roots ending in -к, -ґ, -т, or -ц",
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "-cki",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-цки"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ی"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-cki"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ski"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ês"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-esc"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ească"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-skij",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "-ский"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-ec",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"noun"
],
"word": "-ец"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-ka",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"noun"
],
"word": "-ка"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "-īya",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ईय"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-esu"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-esu"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ach"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-each"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"note": "for adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ски"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-isi"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-anu"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ský"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ská"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"note": "for adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ski"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ense"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "bilong"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-li"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"note": "(preceding vowel a/ı, o/u, ö/ü respectively:) -lı",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-lu"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-lü"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "-sʹkyj",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ський"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ès"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"note": "for languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-eg"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "cy",
"english": "other senses",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"translation": "other senses",
"word": "-aidd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 45 30 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 33 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 35 22 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aragonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Corsican translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Extremaduran translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Fala translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Friulian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gallurese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Leonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mirandese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sardinian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sassarese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "academese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "Americanese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "bureaucratese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "Christianese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "corporatese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "diplomatese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "fatherese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "headlinese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "Hollywoodese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "idiotese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "initialese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "journalese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "lawyerese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "legalese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "managementese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "marketese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "medicalese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "mentalese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "motherese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "newspaperese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "officialese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "parentese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "patentese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "psychologese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "signalese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "tabloidese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "teacherese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "telegraphese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "textese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "translatese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "translationese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "translatorese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "typoese"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62",
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "Voynichese"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "journal + -ese → journalese",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "legal + -ese → legalese",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "translation + -ese → translationese",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns meaning the jargon or language used by a particular profession or being or in a particular context."
],
"id": "en--ese-en-suffix-MGuo-SUl",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"jargon",
"jargon#English"
],
[
"language",
"language#English"
],
[
"profession",
"profession#English"
],
[
"being",
"being#English"
],
[
"context",
"context#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-speak"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "20 80",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "forming nouns meaning the jargon used by a particular profession",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "forming nouns meaning the jargon used by a particular profession",
"word": "-beli"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "forming nouns meaning the jargon used by a particular profession",
"word": "-ese"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈiːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈiz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"other": "/is/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "-ese"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"id": "inhabitant",
"pos": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "it",
"3": "-ese"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "pt",
"3": "-ese"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -ese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "-ese"
},
"expansion": "English -ese",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably from Italian -ese, Portuguese -ese and English -ese + -e.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-esen",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.weak",
"f": "in"
},
"expansion": "-ese m (weak, genitive -esen, plural -esen, feminine -esin)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.weak"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Balinese"
},
{
"word": "Burmese"
},
{
"word": "Milanese"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns indicating an inhabitant of a place."
],
"id": "en--ese-de-suffix-de:inhabitant",
"senseid": [
"de:inhabitant"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈeː.zə]"
},
{
"audio": "De--ese.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/De--ese.ogg/De--ese.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/De--ese.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-ese"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "en",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "English -an",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-ain"
},
"expansion": "French -ain",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "it",
"3": "-ano"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ano",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "pt",
"3": "-ano"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -ano",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "es",
"3": "-ano"
},
"expansion": "Spanish -ano",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ānus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ānus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English -an, French -ain, Italian -ano, Portuguese -ano/Spanish -ano, all ultimately from Latin -ānus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ese",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "a"
},
"expansion": "-ese",
"name": "ia-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 33 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:ia-suffix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "China (“China”) + -ese → chinese (“Chinese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Geneva (“Geneva”) + -ese → genevese (“Genevese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Francia (“France”) + -ese → francese (“French”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns and adjectives from nouns, denoting or pertaining to a native, citizen or inhabitant; -ese"
],
"id": "en--ese-ia-suffix-2neW8g2M",
"links": [
[
"-ese",
"-ese"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"word": "-ita"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "-an"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 33 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "China (“China”) + -ese → chinese (“Chinese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Brooklyn (“Brooklyn”) + -ese → brooklynese (“Brooklynese, Brooklyn dialect”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns and adjectives from nouns, denoting or pertaining to a language; -ese"
],
"id": "en--ese-ia-suffix-4djEceRy",
"links": [
[
"-ese",
"-ese"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "-an"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈese/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈeze/"
}
],
"word": "-ese"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ēnsis",
"4": "-ēnsem",
"t": "originating in"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ēnsem (“originating in”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-ense",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "-ense",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ēnsem (“originating in”), whence also Italian -ense.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-esi",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esi",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ese m or f by sense (adjective-forming suffix, plural -esi)",
"name": "it-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "-ese m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -esi)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-é‧se"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"é‧se"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Libano (“Lebanon”) + -ese → libanese (“Lebanese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Cina (“China”) + -ese → cinese (“Chinese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sinistra (“left”) + -ese → sinistrese (“left-wing political jargon”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "giornalista (“journalist”) + -ese → giornalistese (“journalese”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ese (both senses); -er"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en--ese-it-suffix-psaJUa7U",
"links": [
[
"-ese",
"-ese#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.ze/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.se/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eze"
},
{
"rhymes": "(traditional) -ese"
}
],
"word": "-ese"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Portuguese",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Requests for review of Belarusian translations",
"Requests for review of Corsican translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aragonese translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Corsican translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Extremaduran translations",
"Terms with Fala translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Gallurese translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Leonese translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mirandese translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
"Terms with Pannonian Rusyn translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Sardinian translations",
"Terms with Sassarese translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Algherese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Ambonese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Amoyese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Andamanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Annamese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Annobonese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Aragonese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Assamese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Auvergnese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Balinese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Beninese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Berlinese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Bhutanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Brooklynese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Burmese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Canarese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Cantonese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Chinese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Congolese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Dublinese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "East Timorese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Faroese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Foochowese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Foochownese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Fukienese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Gabonese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Genoese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Gilbertese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Guyanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Hainanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Hoisanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Japanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Javanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Katangese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Kinmenese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Lebanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Macanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Maltese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Marshallese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Milanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Nepalese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Nipponese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Parmese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Pekingese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Piedmontese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Pitcairnese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Pittsburghese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Portuguese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Reunionese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Runyonese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Rwandese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Saigonese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Senegalese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Sentinelese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Shanghainese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Siamese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Sikkimese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Sudanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Sundanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Surinamese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Taishanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Taiwanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Timese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Togolese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Toisanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Toishanese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Viennese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Vietnamese"
},
{
"sense": "Adjectives and nouns describing characteristics of a region",
"word": "Wenchowese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "academese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "Americanese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "bureaucratese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "Christianese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "corporatese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "diplomatese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "fatherese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "headlinese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "Hollywoodese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "idiotese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "initialese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "journalese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "lawyerese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "legalese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "managementese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "marketese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "medicalese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "mentalese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "motherese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "newspaperese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "officialese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "parentese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "patentese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "psychologese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "signalese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "tabloidese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "teacherese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "telegraphese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "textese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "translatese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "translationese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "translatorese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "typoese"
},
{
"sense": "Nouns denoting jargon",
"word": "Voynichese"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-eys<id:-eys enm>",
"id": "-ese en",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-iskbor.\nLate Latin -iscus\nVulgar Latin -iscus\nLatin -ēnsis\nOld French -eisbor.\nMiddle English -eys\nEnglish -ese",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-eys"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -eys",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-eis"
},
"expansion": "Old French -eis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ēnsis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ēnsis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "-iscus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin -iscus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Italian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pt",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-iskos\nProto-Germanic *-iskaz\nProto-West Germanic *-iskbor.\nLate Latin -iscus\nVulgar Latin -iscus\nLatin -ēnsis\nOld French -eisbor.\nMiddle English -eys\nEnglish -ese\nFrom Middle English -eys, from Old French -eis, from Latin -ēnsis and, less often, Late Latin -iscus. Generally used in place of more common equivalent suffixes such as -er and -an on the model of equivalent terms in Italian and Portuguese, particularly for Italian, Portuguese African, and East Asian places first widely discussed in Portuguese and Latin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ese",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ese",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ess"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Faroese, Maltese, Milanese, Parmese, Portuguese, Viennese; Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese; Beninese, Congolese, Togolese"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives and nouns describing things and characteristics of a city, region, or country, such as the people and the language spoken by these people."
],
"links": [
[
"language",
"language#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"word": "-an"
},
{
"word": "-ian"
},
{
"word": "-ic"
},
{
"word": "-ite"
},
{
"word": "-i"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "journal + -ese → journalese",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "legal + -ese → legalese",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "translation + -ese → translationese",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns meaning the jargon or language used by a particular profession or being or in a particular context."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"jargon",
"jargon#English"
],
[
"language",
"language#English"
],
[
"profession",
"profession#English"
],
[
"being",
"being#English"
],
[
"context",
"context#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-speak"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈiːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈiz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"other": "/is/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ees"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-isht"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "-iyy",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "ـِيّ"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-cə"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ca (after vowel a/ı/o/u)"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"note": "for languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-era"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"note": "for persons",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-tar"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"note": "for persons",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-dar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"note": "for adjectives",
"roman": "-ski",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ски"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ès"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"Valencian",
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"Valencian",
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"lang_code": "yue",
"note": "use attributive noun",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place"
},
{
"code": "zh",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "zh",
"note": "use attributive noun",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ština"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-čtina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ský"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ská"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-esisk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ees"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"lang_code": "ext",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "fax",
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"code": "fax",
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"code": "fax",
"lang": "Fala",
"lang_code": "fax",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-skur"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-iskur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"note": "persons or adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-lainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ais"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ois"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ês"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-esu"
},
{
"code": "sdn",
"lang": "Gallurese",
"lang_code": "sdn",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "-uri",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ური"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"note": "in words ending in -r",
"roman": "-uli",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ული"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"note": "for adjectives and languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-isch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"note": "for persons",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "-ikós",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ικός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-skur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"note": "for adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-iskur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"note": "for languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ska"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-each"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"note": "for languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-is"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ensis"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ita"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ites"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-anus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-inus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ius"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ietis"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-iete"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-isks"
},
{
"code": "roa-leo",
"lang": "Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-leo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "roa-leo",
"lang": "Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-leo",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"note": "for adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ski"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-esch"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"note": "for adjectives",
"roman": "-ski",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ски"
},
{
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "mwl",
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-î (ku)"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"note": "after vowel-final words",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-yî (ku)"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-ĭskŭ",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ьскъ"
},
{
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "-ski",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ски"
},
{
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "-skova",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-скова"
},
{
"alt": "after words or roots ending in -к, -ґ, -т, or -ц",
"code": "rsk",
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"roman": "-cki",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-цки"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-cki"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ski"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ês"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-esc"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ească"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-skij",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "-ский"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-ec",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"noun"
],
"word": "-ец"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-ka",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"noun"
],
"word": "-ка"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"roman": "-īya",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ईय"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-esu"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-esu"
},
{
"code": "sdc",
"lang": "Sassarese",
"lang_code": "sdc",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ach"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-each"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"note": "for adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ски"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-isi"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-anu"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ský"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ská"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"note": "for adjectives",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ski"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-és"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-esa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ense"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "bilong"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-li"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"note": "(preceding vowel a/ı, o/u, ö/ü respectively:) -lı",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-lu"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-lü"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "-sʹkyj",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ський"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-ès"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"note": "for languages",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"word": "-eg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"english": "other senses",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place",
"translation": "other senses",
"word": "-aidd"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "forming nouns meaning the jargon used by a particular profession",
"word": "-i"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "forming nouns meaning the jargon used by a particular profession",
"word": "-beli"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"sense": "forming nouns meaning the jargon used by a particular profession",
"word": "-ese"
}
],
"word": "-ese"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Balinese"
},
{
"word": "Burmese"
},
{
"word": "Milanese"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"id": "inhabitant",
"pos": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "it",
"3": "-ese"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "pt",
"3": "-ese"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -ese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "-ese"
},
"expansion": "English -ese",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably from Italian -ese, Portuguese -ese and English -ese + -e.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-esen",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ese",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-esen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.weak",
"f": "in"
},
"expansion": "-ese m (weak, genitive -esen, plural -esen, feminine -esin)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.weak"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine suffixes",
"German noun-forming suffixes",
"German suffixes",
"German terms borrowed from English",
"German terms borrowed from Italian",
"German terms borrowed from Portuguese",
"German terms derived from English",
"German terms derived from Italian",
"German terms derived from Portuguese",
"German weak suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns indicating an inhabitant of a place."
],
"senseid": [
"de:inhabitant"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈeː.zə]"
},
{
"audio": "De--ese.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/De--ese.ogg/De--ese.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/De--ese.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-ese"
}
{
"categories": [
"Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"Interlingua lemmas",
"Interlingua suffixes",
"Interlingua terms borrowed from English",
"Interlingua terms borrowed from French",
"Interlingua terms borrowed from Italian",
"Interlingua terms borrowed from Portuguese",
"Interlingua terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Interlingua terms derived from English",
"Interlingua terms derived from French",
"Interlingua terms derived from Italian",
"Interlingua terms derived from Latin",
"Interlingua terms derived from Portuguese",
"Interlingua terms derived from Spanish",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:ia-suffix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "en",
"3": "-an"
},
"expansion": "English -an",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-ain"
},
"expansion": "French -ain",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "it",
"3": "-ano"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ano",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "pt",
"3": "-ano"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese -ano",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "es",
"3": "-ano"
},
"expansion": "Spanish -ano",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ānus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ānus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English -an, French -ain, Italian -ano, Portuguese -ano/Spanish -ano, all ultimately from Latin -ānus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ese",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "a"
},
"expansion": "-ese",
"name": "ia-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "China (“China”) + -ese → chinese (“Chinese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Geneva (“Geneva”) + -ese → genevese (“Genevese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Francia (“France”) + -ese → francese (“French”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns and adjectives from nouns, denoting or pertaining to a native, citizen or inhabitant; -ese"
],
"links": [
[
"-ese",
"-ese"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"word": "-ana"
},
{
"word": "-ita"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "-an"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "China (“China”) + -ese → chinese (“Chinese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Brooklyn (“Brooklyn”) + -ese → brooklynese (“Brooklynese, Brooklyn dialect”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms nouns and adjectives from nouns, denoting or pertaining to a language; -ese"
],
"links": [
[
"-ese",
"-ese"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "-ano"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "-an"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈese/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈeze/"
}
],
"word": "-ese"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ēnsis",
"4": "-ēnsem",
"t": "originating in"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ēnsem (“originating in”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-ense",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "-ense",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ēnsem (“originating in”), whence also Italian -ense.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-esi",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-esi",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ese m or f by sense (adjective-forming suffix, plural -esi)",
"name": "it-adj"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "-ese m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -esi)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-é‧se"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"é‧se"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian adjective-forming suffixes",
"Italian countable suffixes",
"Italian doublets",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian epicene suffixes",
"Italian feminine suffixes",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian links with redundant target parameters",
"Italian masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"Italian masculine suffixes",
"Italian noun-forming suffixes",
"Italian suffixes",
"Italian suffixes with multiple genders",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms inherited from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/ese",
"Rhymes:Italian/ese/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Italian/eze",
"Rhymes:Italian/eze/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Libano (“Lebanon”) + -ese → libanese (“Lebanese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Cina (“China”) + -ese → cinese (“Chinese”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sinistra (“left”) + -ese → sinistrese (“left-wing political jargon”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "giornalista (“journalist”) + -ese → giornalistese (“journalese”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ese (both senses); -er"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"-ese",
"-ese#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.ze/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.se/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eze"
},
{
"rhymes": "(traditional) -ese"
}
],
"word": "-ese"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ese meaning in All languages combined (46.3kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"-ese"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ese",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ese"
],
"section": "Italian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ese",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ese"
],
"section": "Italian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ese",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "-ese/English/suffix: 'word' is missing and should be a non-empty string: {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"lang_code\": \"yue\", \"note\": \"use attributive noun\", \"sense\": \"forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ese",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "-ese/English/suffix: 'word' is missing and should be a non-empty string: {\"code\": \"zh\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"note\": \"use attributive noun\", \"sense\": \"forming adjectives or nouns describing things or people characteristic of a particular place\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ese",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
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"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ese",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
"path": [
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"Template:ia-suffix",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:checkparams:warn()",
"extensionTag()"
],
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"subsection": "suffix",
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"trace": ""
}
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"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-11-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-11-01 using wiktextract (2c28785 and a050b89). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.