See above in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for above meaning in English (71.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above a bit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above all"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above and beyond"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above average"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above board"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-board"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovedeck"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Above Derwent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovedescribed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above grass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-ground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aboveground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above ground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-line"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovelisted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above measure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovementioned"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aboveness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's bend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's huckleberry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's pay grade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's paygrade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's station"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above par"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above proof"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovestairs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-stairs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above stairs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovestated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the curve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the fold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-the-fold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the fray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the line"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the rim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the salt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "a notch above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Caesar's wife must be above suspicion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cut above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "don't get above your raising"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gift from above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "heavens above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "height above average terrain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hereabove"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hereinabove"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hit above one's weight"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hold one's head above water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hook above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huckleberry above a persimmon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huckleberry above one's persimmon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keep one's head above the water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keep one's head above water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "over and above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "punch above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "punch above one's weight"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rise above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thereabove"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thereinabove"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "up above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "whereabove"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "aboven"
},
"expansion": "aboven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abuven"
},
"expansion": "abuven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onbufan"
},
"expansion": "onbufan",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on",
"3": "",
"4": "on"
},
"expansion": "on (“on”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "bufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "boven",
"3": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bī",
"3": "",
"4": "by"
},
"expansion": "bī (“by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "ufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prepositions",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "above",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "above",
"name": "en-prep"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He always put his coat on above his sweater.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-aVKtfk2W",
"links": [
[
"Physically",
"physically"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "abe",
"lang": "Abenaki",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "Tasiwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaʕlā",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "أَعْلَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōʔ",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōg",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "отгоре"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "líl·e-m·yˀ"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "a-ugh dhe"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "bovenop"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "sur"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "päällä"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "ufar",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apó páno",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "από πάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hupér",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"with-accusative"
],
"word": "ὑπέρ"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ke ūpar",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "के ऊपर"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "áry"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ishpayi'ii"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yukarı",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "یوقاری"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "owwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "pata"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "na"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "iznad"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "na"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "encima"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "över"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ovanför"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thod la",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ཐོད་ལ"
},
{
"_dis1": "49 4 2 3 2 1 25 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thog la",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ཐོག་ལ"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "below"
},
{
"word": "beneath"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7",
"text": "Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-otoirivc",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "lart"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "mbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "فَوقَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōʔ",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "disuprã"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "prisuprã"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore na",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "отгоре на"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-visoko ot",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "по-високо от"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.pau",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "အပေါ်"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "damunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "喺…上便"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zài...shàngmiàn",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "在...上面"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenover"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenpå"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "oppe over"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "hoger dan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "üles"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "päällä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ylempänä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ylemmäs"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "au-dessus de"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sore"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páno",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "πάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "anlè"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"alt": "me`ál",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "מעל"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "... ke ūpar",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "... के ऊपर"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "fölött"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "felett"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "fölé"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "felé"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "atas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sopra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"alt": "...のうえに",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "... no ue ni",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "...の上に"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "jje",
"lang": "Jeju",
"roman": "u-i",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "우이"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "...wi-e",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "...위에"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "...u-e",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "...우에"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "raserî"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "li hindavî"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "li ser"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "virs"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "atas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "runga"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vartī",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "वरती"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "áry"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "bikáaʼgi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenfor"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yukarı",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "یوقاری"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "em cima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "deasupra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "survart"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "soura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sesura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "süsur"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
],
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "supra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sùpira"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "górjejce"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "encima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "över"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ibabaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "mēlē",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "மேலே"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nʉ̌ʉa",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "เหนือ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yukarıya"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "... ke ūpar",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "... کے اوپر"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sovra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sora"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "trên"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "dizeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ådzeu di"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "uwchben"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 61 1 3 8 9 6 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "lórí"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Idaho is above Utah.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Farther north than."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-~Bd6AtgB",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 80 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šamāliyy",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "شَمَالِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 80 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "喺…上便"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 80 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zài...shàngmiàn",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "在...上面"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 80 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "ten noorden van"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 80 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "pohjoisempana"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-DwnL2apA"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He was always above reproach.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "That's above my comprehension.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "to cut above average",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i",
"text": "Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-9HRUjkeX",
"links": [
[
"surpassing",
"surpassing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaʕlā",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "أَعْلَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "výšej",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "вы́шэй"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pa-nád",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "па-на́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "visš",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "висш"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "meer dan"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "par-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "di ser re"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "whakatamatama"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "utover"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "ponad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prevýše",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "превы́ше"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "itaas"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "üstünde"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ponad",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "понад"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poza",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "поза"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "ådzeu di"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to stand head and shoulders above the rest",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in rank, status, or position."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-3h52S91a",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 11 2 4 13 45 7 4 4 1 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "een trapje hoger"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 11 2 4 13 45 7 4 4 1 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "met een hogere rang"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 11 2 4 13 45 7 4 4 1 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 11 2 4 13 45 7 4 4 1 2 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "nad"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 3 4 2 4 3 4 2 4 5 4 2 2 3 4 2 2 8 3 3 12 3 2 3 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "above and beyond the call of duty",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "over and above",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In addition to; besides."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-rwNwZtKk",
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) In addition to; besides."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 1 2 4 4 1 61 2 1 1 10 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "bovendien"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 1 2 4 4 1 61 2 1 1 10 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "daarenboven"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 1 2 4 4 1 61 2 1 1 10 1",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 1 2 4 4 1 61 2 1 1 10 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "lisäksi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That amount is way above our asking price.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-81HbH3Dw",
"links": [
[
"Surpassing",
"surpassing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In preference to."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-uxrd9iuB",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 77 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕalā",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "على"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 77 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "mieluummin (kuin)"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 77 1 1 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "pred"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The owner was above taking more than a token salary.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;"
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-aUEHt2bf",
"links": [
[
"proud",
"proud"
],
[
"averse",
"averse"
],
[
"disinclined",
"disinclined"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 2 12 3 2 3 2 1 64 4 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "too proud or averse to",
"word": "yläpuolella"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Beyond; on the other side."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-0R8bUdhx",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 1 2 3 2 1 27 2 0 1 52 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvǎd",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "отвъд"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 2 3 2 1 27 2 0 1 52 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "takana"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 2 3 2 1 27 2 0 1 52 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 2 3 2 1 27 2 0 1 52 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "jenseits"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Theater",
"orig": "en:Theater",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Upstage of."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-wHFL7D9K",
"links": [
[
"theater",
"theater"
],
[
"Upstage",
"upstage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theater) Upstage of."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"theater"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 2 4 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 76",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upstage of",
"word": "takana"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 2 4 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 76",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upstage of",
"word": "taaempana"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 2 46 39 1 3 1 0 1 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "out of reach, heightwise",
"word": "ylle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔakṯār",
"sense": "more",
"word": "أَكْثٰر"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osven tova",
"sense": "more",
"word": "освен това"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ošte poveče",
"sense": "more",
"word": "още повече"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "more",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "more",
"word": "meer dan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "yli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "more",
"word": "plus de"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "more",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "me`ál",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "more",
"word": "מעל"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "zêdeyî"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "more",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "more",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "āṇkhī",
"sense": "more",
"word": "आणखी"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "more",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "ponad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "mais que"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "mais de"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svýše",
"sense": "more",
"word": "свы́ше"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "more",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "more",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "more",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "more",
"word": "za"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "more",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "daha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "more",
"word": "pus ki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "more",
"word": "dipus ki"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-cited"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-described"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-given"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-mentioned"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-named"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-quoted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-said"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-specified"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-written"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "aboven"
},
"expansion": "aboven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abuven"
},
"expansion": "abuven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onbufan"
},
"expansion": "onbufan",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on",
"3": "",
"4": "on"
},
"expansion": "on (“on”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "bufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "boven",
"3": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bī",
"3": "",
"4": "by"
},
"expansion": "bī (“by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "ufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80",
"text": "Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Directly overhead; vertically on top of."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv--YrFl2ph",
"links": [
[
"overhead",
"overhead"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ibabaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "a-vann"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "gur",
"lang": "Farefare",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "zuum"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "en haut"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "iupa",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epánō",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ἐπάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "fent"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "sopra"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "insuper"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "sora"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "mqy",
"lang": "Manggarai",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "eta"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "taas"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "kauc"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "ʿln",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "𐎓𐎍𐎐"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "dissu"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "mbb",
"lang": "Western Bukidnon Manobo",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "bavew"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybn",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "אויבן"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 5 1 5 1 12 0 1 6",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oyvn",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "אויוון"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Ambrose Bierce, Present at a Hanging and Other Ghost Stories",
"text": "Nobody has lived in it since the summer of 1879, and it is fast going to pieces. For some three years before the date mentioned above, it was occupied by the family of Charles May",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1905, Emanuel Swedenborg, chapter 19, in Heaven and Hell",
"text": "That angels are men in the most complete form, and enjoy every sense, may be seen above (n. 73-77); and that the light in heaven is far brighter than the light in the world (n. 126-132).",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-wcpfyFaw",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He's in a better place now, floating free as the clouds above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Into or from heaven; in the sky."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-FFsl6T5O",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 18 30 12 11 14 11 3 1",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 30 12 11 14 11 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 30 12 11 14 11 3 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "å hôt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 30 12 11 14 11 3 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "ådzeu"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In a higher place; upstairs; farther upstream."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-4kjffSwL",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "navjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "наве́рсе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "uvjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "уве́рсе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "ŭvjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ўве́рсе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gore",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "горе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "отгоре"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "dalt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "i'yijku shana"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "hierboven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ylhäällä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "korkealla"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "au-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "höher"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "darüber"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páno",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "πάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ūpar",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ऊपर"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "fent"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "felül"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "thuas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "bikáaʼgi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ovenfor"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "para cima"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "deasupra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naverxú",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "наверху́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vverxú",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вверху́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výše",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вы́ше"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "hore"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "vyššie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "povyše"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "zgôraj"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyšče",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вище"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ūpar",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "اوپر"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "al copete"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "padzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "uwchben"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "uwchlaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 64 11 6 3 1 2",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybn",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "אויבן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He appealed to the court above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in rank, power, or position."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-LG0AxyDP",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "s po-visok rang",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "с по-висок ранг"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "高於"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gāoyú",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "高于"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ylempänä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "olla ylempiarvoinen kuin"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ranghöher"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "vorgesetzt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "høyere"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 17 3 13 49 8 4 1 3",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "pus hôt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 9 5 10 0 2 1 21 0 1 3 1 7 1 1 8 0 0 7 6 1 12 1 1 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 4 6 0 1 1 28 0 1 3 1 10 1 1 5 1 1 6 4 1 16 1 1 1 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 3 8 1 1 2 15 0 2 3 1 6 2 3 7 1 1 8 5 2 9 1 3 3 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English locatives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 6 3 8 0 1 0 30 0 1 2 2 5 1 1 6 0 0 6 5 1 19 1 0 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hijazi Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 3 8 0 1 1 27 0 1 2 2 6 1 1 6 0 0 7 5 1 18 1 1 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In addition."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-dczLIUXy",
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) In addition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "edellä"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "früher"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "vorher"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výše",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "вы́ше"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "vyššie"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "zgôraj"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "divant"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 31 2 5 5 42 2 2 6",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "cial ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 6 1 2 1 82 1 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "archaic: in addition",
"word": "ynnä"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"More in number."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-MSdlUFp2",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It was a cold day at only 5 above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Above zero; above freezing."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-W2x1cHvx",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 0 2 2 2 0 87 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "above freezing",
"word": "yli nollan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sparrow I saw was rufous above and off-white below.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-KldGsHCr",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 5 0 3 2 11 0 1 70",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "on the upper half of the dorsal surface",
"word": "päältä"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "yli"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "aboven"
},
"expansion": "aboven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abuven"
},
"expansion": "abuven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onbufan"
},
"expansion": "onbufan",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on",
"3": "",
"4": "on"
},
"expansion": "on (“on”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "bufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "boven",
"3": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bī",
"3": "",
"4": "by"
},
"expansion": "bī (“by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "ufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of heaven; heavenly."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adj-fpyIEKFq",
"links": [
[
"heavenly",
"heavenly"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "heavenly",
"word": "hemels in de lucht"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "heavenly",
"word": "taivaallinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adj-OSWrOkC7",
"links": [
[
"ellipsis",
"ellipsis"
]
],
"qualifier": "by ellipsis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ovenstående"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "bovenstaand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "eerder genoemd"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "bovenvermeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ylempänä (oleva)"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "augšā"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "powyższy"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "predchádzajúci"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "aboven"
},
"expansion": "aboven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abuven"
},
"expansion": "abuven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onbufan"
},
"expansion": "onbufan",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on",
"3": "",
"4": "on"
},
"expansion": "on (“on”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "bufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "boven",
"3": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bī",
"3": "",
"4": "by"
},
"expansion": "bī (“by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "ufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovesaid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "aboves'd"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, “Twinz”, in Capital Punishment, performed by Big Pun and Fat Joe",
"text": "A brother from another mother, sent from the above.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Heaven."
],
"id": "en-above-en-noun-HvqX2kBe",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something, especially a person's name in legal documents, that appears higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"id": "en-above-en-noun-RNyXiy-u",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 67 13 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gorespomenat",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "гореспоменат"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 67 13 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "vyšší"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 67 13 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "yllä mainittu"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 67 13 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "edellä mainittu"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 67 13 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "fentemlített"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 67 13 9",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "iepriekšminētais"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 67 13 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyšeupomjánutyj",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "вышеупомя́нутый"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Higher authority."
],
"id": "en-above-en-noun-TlFz7Sip",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1896, William Morris, The Well at the World's End",
"text": "Withal they saw of him that he had no doubt but that they should come to their above on the morrow,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"betterment, raised status or condition."
],
"id": "en-above-en-noun-F9uCmkDf",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) betterment, raised status or condition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English locatives",
"English nouns",
"English prepositions",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Hijazi Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "above a bit"
},
{
"word": "above all"
},
{
"word": "above and beyond"
},
{
"word": "above average"
},
{
"word": "above board"
},
{
"word": "above-board"
},
{
"word": "abovedeck"
},
{
"word": "Above Derwent"
},
{
"word": "abovedescribed"
},
{
"word": "above grass"
},
{
"word": "above-ground"
},
{
"word": "aboveground"
},
{
"word": "above ground"
},
{
"word": "above-line"
},
{
"word": "abovelisted"
},
{
"word": "above measure"
},
{
"word": "abovementioned"
},
{
"word": "aboveness"
},
{
"word": "above one's bend"
},
{
"word": "above oneself"
},
{
"word": "above one's huckleberry"
},
{
"word": "above one's pay grade"
},
{
"word": "above one's paygrade"
},
{
"word": "above one's station"
},
{
"word": "above par"
},
{
"word": "above proof"
},
{
"word": "abovestairs"
},
{
"word": "above-stairs"
},
{
"word": "above stairs"
},
{
"word": "abovestated"
},
{
"word": "above the curve"
},
{
"word": "above the fold"
},
{
"word": "above-the-fold"
},
{
"word": "above the fray"
},
{
"word": "above the law"
},
{
"word": "above the line"
},
{
"word": "above the rim"
},
{
"word": "above the salt"
},
{
"word": "above water"
},
{
"word": "above-water"
},
{
"word": "a notch above"
},
{
"word": "Caesar's wife must be above suspicion"
},
{
"word": "cut above"
},
{
"word": "don't get above your raising"
},
{
"word": "gift from above"
},
{
"word": "heavens above"
},
{
"word": "height above average terrain"
},
{
"word": "hereabove"
},
{
"word": "hereinabove"
},
{
"word": "hit above one's weight"
},
{
"word": "hold one's head above water"
},
{
"word": "hook above"
},
{
"word": "huckleberry above a persimmon"
},
{
"word": "huckleberry above one's persimmon"
},
{
"word": "keep one's head above the water"
},
{
"word": "keep one's head above water"
},
{
"word": "over and above"
},
{
"word": "punch above"
},
{
"word": "punch above one's weight"
},
{
"word": "rise above"
},
{
"word": "thereabove"
},
{
"word": "thereinabove"
},
{
"word": "up above"
},
{
"word": "whereabove"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "aboven"
},
"expansion": "aboven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abuven"
},
"expansion": "abuven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onbufan"
},
"expansion": "onbufan",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on",
"3": "",
"4": "on"
},
"expansion": "on (“on”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "bufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "boven",
"3": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bī",
"3": "",
"4": "by"
},
"expansion": "bī (“by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "ufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prepositions",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "above",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "above",
"name": "en-prep"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He always put his coat on above his sweater.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing."
],
"links": [
[
"Physically",
"physically"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "below"
},
{
"word": "beneath"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7",
"text": "Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Idaho is above Utah.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Farther north than."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He was always above reproach.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "That's above my comprehension.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "to cut above average",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i",
"text": "Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts."
],
"links": [
[
"surpassing",
"surpassing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to stand head and shoulders above the rest",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in rank, status, or position."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "above and beyond the call of duty",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "over and above",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In addition to; besides."
],
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) In addition to; besides."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That amount is way above our asking price.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than."
],
"links": [
[
"Surpassing",
"surpassing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In preference to."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The owner was above taking more than a token salary.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;"
],
"links": [
[
"proud",
"proud"
],
[
"averse",
"averse"
],
[
"disinclined",
"disinclined"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Beyond; on the other side."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Theater"
],
"glosses": [
"Upstage of."
],
"links": [
[
"theater",
"theater"
],
[
"Upstage",
"upstage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theater) Upstage of."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"theater"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "abe",
"lang": "Abenaki",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "Tasiwi"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaʕlā",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "أَعْلَى"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōʔ",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōg",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "отгоре"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "líl·e-m·yˀ"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "a-ugh dhe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "bovenop"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "sur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "päällä"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "über"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "ufar",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apó páno",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "από πάνω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hupér",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"with-accusative"
],
"word": "ὑπέρ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ke ūpar",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "के ऊपर"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "áry"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ishpayi'ii"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yukarı",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "یوقاری"
},
{
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "owwe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "pata"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "na"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "iznad"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "na"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "encima"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "över"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ovanför"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thod la",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ཐོད་ལ"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thog la",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ཐོག་ལ"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "lart"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "mbi"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "فَوقَ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōʔ",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "disuprã"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "prisuprã"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore na",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "отгоре на"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-visoko ot",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "по-високо от"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.pau",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "အပေါ်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "damunt"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "喺…上便"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zài...shàngmiàn",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "在...上面"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenover"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenpå"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "oppe over"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "hoger dan"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "üles"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "päällä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ylempänä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ylemmäs"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "au-dessus de"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sore"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "über"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páno",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "πάνω"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "anlè"
},
{
"alt": "me`ál",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "מעל"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "... ke ūpar",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "... के ऊपर"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "fölött"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "felett"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "fölé"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "felé"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "atas"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sopra"
},
{
"alt": "...のうえに",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "... no ue ni",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "...の上に"
},
{
"code": "jje",
"lang": "Jeju",
"roman": "u-i",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "우이"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "...wi-e",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "...위에"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "...u-e",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "...우에"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "raserî"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "li hindavî"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "li ser"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "virs"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "atas"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "runga"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vartī",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "वरती"
},
{
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "áry"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "bikáaʼgi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenfor"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yukarı",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "یوقاری"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "em cima de"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "deasupra"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sura"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "survart"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "soura"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sesura"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "süsur"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
],
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "supra"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sùpira"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "górjejce"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "encima de"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "över"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovan"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ibabaw"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "mēlē",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "மேலே"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nʉ̌ʉa",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "เหนือ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yukarıya"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "... ke ūpar",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "... کے اوپر"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sovra"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sora"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "trên"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "dizeu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ådzeu di"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "uwchben"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "lórí"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šamāliyy",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "شَمَالِيّ"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "喺…上便"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zài...shàngmiàn",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "在...上面"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "ten noorden van"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "pohjoisempana"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "out of reach, heightwise",
"word": "ylle"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaʕlā",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "أَعْلَى"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "výšej",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "вы́шэй"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pa-nád",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "па-на́д"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "visš",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "висш"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "meer dan"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "par-dessus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "über"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "di ser re"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "whakatamatama"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "utover"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "ponad"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prevýše",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "превы́ше"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "itaas"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "üstünde"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ponad",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "понад"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poza",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "поза"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "ådzeu di"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "een trapje hoger"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "met een hogere rang"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "bovendien"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "daarenboven"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "lisäksi"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔakṯār",
"sense": "more",
"word": "أَكْثٰر"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osven tova",
"sense": "more",
"word": "освен това"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ošte poveče",
"sense": "more",
"word": "още повече"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "more",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "more",
"word": "meer dan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "yli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "more",
"word": "plus de"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "more",
"word": "über"
},
{
"alt": "me`ál",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "more",
"word": "מעל"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "zêdeyî"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "more",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "more",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "āṇkhī",
"sense": "more",
"word": "आणखी"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "more",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "ponad"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "mais que"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "mais de"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svýše",
"sense": "more",
"word": "свы́ше"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "more",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "more",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "more",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "more",
"word": "za"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "more",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "daha"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "more",
"word": "pus ki"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "more",
"word": "dipus ki"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕalā",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "على"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "mieluummin (kuin)"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "pred"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "too proud or averse to",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upstage of",
"word": "takana"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upstage of",
"word": "taaempana"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvǎd",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "отвъд"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "takana"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "über"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "jenseits"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English locatives",
"English nouns",
"English prepositions",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Hijazi Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "above-cited"
},
{
"word": "above-described"
},
{
"word": "above-given"
},
{
"word": "above-mentioned"
},
{
"word": "above-named"
},
{
"word": "above-quoted"
},
{
"word": "above-said"
},
{
"word": "above-specified"
},
{
"word": "above-written"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "aboven"
},
"expansion": "aboven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abuven"
},
"expansion": "abuven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onbufan"
},
"expansion": "onbufan",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on",
"3": "",
"4": "on"
},
"expansion": "on (“on”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "bufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "boven",
"3": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bī",
"3": "",
"4": "by"
},
"expansion": "bī (“by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "ufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80",
"text": "Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Directly overhead; vertically on top of."
],
"links": [
[
"overhead",
"overhead"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Ambrose Bierce, Present at a Hanging and Other Ghost Stories",
"text": "Nobody has lived in it since the summer of 1879, and it is fast going to pieces. For some three years before the date mentioned above, it was occupied by the family of Charles May",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1905, Emanuel Swedenborg, chapter 19, in Heaven and Hell",
"text": "That angels are men in the most complete form, and enjoy every sense, may be seen above (n. 73-77); and that the light in heaven is far brighter than the light in the world (n. 126-132).",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He's in a better place now, floating free as the clouds above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Into or from heaven; in the sky."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In a higher place; upstairs; farther upstream."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He appealed to the court above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in rank, power, or position."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"In addition."
],
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) In addition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"More in number."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It was a cold day at only 5 above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Above zero; above freezing."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Biology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sparrow I saw was rufous above and off-white below.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ibabaw"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "a-vann"
},
{
"code": "gur",
"lang": "Farefare",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "zuum"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "en haut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "iupa",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epánō",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ἐπάνω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "fent"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "sopra"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "insuper"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "sora"
},
{
"code": "mqy",
"lang": "Manggarai",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "eta"
},
{
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "taas"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "kauc"
},
{
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "ʿln",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "𐎓𐎍𐎐"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "dissu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "mbb",
"lang": "Western Bukidnon Manobo",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "bavew"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybn",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "אויבן"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oyvn",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "אויוון"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "edellä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "früher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "vorher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výše",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "вы́ше"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "vyššie"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "zgôraj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "divant"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "cial ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "å hôt"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "navjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "наве́рсе"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "uvjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "уве́рсе"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "ŭvjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ўве́рсе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gore",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "горе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "отгоре"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "dalt"
},
{
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "i'yijku shana"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "hierboven"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ylhäällä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "korkealla"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "au-dessus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "höher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "darüber"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páno",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "πάνω"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ūpar",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ऊपर"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "fent"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "felül"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "thuas"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "bikáaʼgi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ovenfor"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "para cima"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "deasupra"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naverxú",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "наверху́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vverxú",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вверху́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výše",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вы́ше"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "hore"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "vyššie"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "povyše"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "zgôraj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyšče",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вище"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ūpar",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "اوپر"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "al copete"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "padzeu"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "uwchben"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "uwchlaw"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybn",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "אויבן"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "s po-visok rang",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "с по-висок ранг"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "高於"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gāoyú",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "高于"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ylempänä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "olla ylempiarvoinen kuin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ranghöher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "vorgesetzt"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "høyere"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "pus hôt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "archaic: in addition",
"word": "ynnä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "yli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "above freezing",
"word": "yli nollan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "on the upper half of the dorsal surface",
"word": "päältä"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English locatives",
"English nouns",
"English prepositions",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Hijazi Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "aboven"
},
"expansion": "aboven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abuven"
},
"expansion": "abuven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onbufan"
},
"expansion": "onbufan",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on",
"3": "",
"4": "on"
},
"expansion": "on (“on”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "bufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "boven",
"3": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bī",
"3": "",
"4": "by"
},
"expansion": "bī (“by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "ufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of heaven; heavenly."
],
"links": [
[
"heavenly",
"heavenly"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English ellipses"
],
"glosses": [
"Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"links": [
[
"ellipsis",
"ellipsis"
]
],
"qualifier": "by ellipsis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "heavenly",
"word": "hemels in de lucht"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "heavenly",
"word": "taivaallinen"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ovenstående"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "bovenstaand"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "eerder genoemd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "bovenvermeld"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ylempänä (oleva)"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "augšā"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "powyższy"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "predchádzajúci"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English locatives",
"English nouns",
"English prepositions",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Hijazi Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
"Middle Dutch links with redundant target parameters",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "aboven"
},
"expansion": "aboven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abuven"
},
"expansion": "abuven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "onbufan"
},
"expansion": "onbufan",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "on",
"3": "",
"4": "on"
},
"expansion": "on (“on”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "bufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "boven",
"3": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bī",
"3": "",
"4": "by"
},
"expansion": "bī (“by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ufan",
"3": "",
"4": "over"
},
"expansion": "ufan (“over”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "abovesaid"
},
{
"word": "aboves'd"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, “Twinz”, in Capital Punishment, performed by Big Pun and Fat Joe",
"text": "A brother from another mother, sent from the above.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Heaven."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something, especially a person's name in legal documents, that appears higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Higher authority."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1896, William Morris, The Well at the World's End",
"text": "Withal they saw of him that he had no doubt but that they should come to their above on the morrow,",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"betterment, raised status or condition."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) betterment, raised status or condition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gorespomenat",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "гореспоменат"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "vyšší"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "yllä mainittu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "edellä mainittu"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "fentemlített"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "iepriekšminētais"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyšeupomjánutyj",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "вышеупомя́нутый"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Telugu: __IGNORE__ (1), __IGNORE__ (2)",
"path": [
"above"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.