See above on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above a bit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above all"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above and beyond"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above average"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-board"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above board"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovedeck"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Above Derwent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovedescribed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above grass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above ground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aboveground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-ground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-line"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovelisted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above measure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovementioned"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "aboveness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's bend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's huckleberry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's pay grade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's paygrade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above one's station"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above par"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above proof"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-stairs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovestairs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above stairs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovestated"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the curve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-the-fold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the fold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the fray"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the line"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the rim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above the salt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "a notch above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "brood above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Caesar's wife must be above suspicion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cut above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "don't get above your raising"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "get above oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gift from above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "heavens above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "height above average terrain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hell from above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hereabove"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hereinabove"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hit above one's weight"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hold one's head above water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hook above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huckleberry above a persimmon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huckleberry above one's persimmon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keep one's head above the water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "keep one's head above water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lie above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "over and above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "punch above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "punch above one's weight"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "put one's head above the parapet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rise above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thereabove"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thereinabove"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "up above"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "whereabove"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prepositions",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "above",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "above",
"name": "en-prep"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 12 2 14 0 1 1 2 0 1 3 3 10 1 2 10 1 0 4 7 1 16 1 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 0 16 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 2 11 2 1 13 0 0 3 8 1 17 1 1 1 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 5 12 3 3 11 0 0 5 7 1 15 1 1 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Farefare translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manggarai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 11 1 1 4 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 1 14 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 5 12 2 2 12 0 0 4 7 1 17 1 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 0 0 2 3 2 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 15 1 2 1 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 5 10 3 2 11 1 1 4 6 2 15 2 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 3 10 1 2 4 7 2 12 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He always put his coat on above his sweater.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-aVKtfk2W",
"links": [
[
"Physically",
"physically"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "abe",
"lang": "Abenaki",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "Tasiwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaʕlā",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "أَعْلَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōʔ",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōg",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "отгоре"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "líl·e-m·yˀ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "a-ugh dhe"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "bovenop"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "sur"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "päällä"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "ufar",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apó páno",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "από πάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hupér",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"with-accusative"
],
"word": "ὑπέρ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ke ūpar",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "के ऊपर"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "lastuas de"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "áry"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ishpayi'ii"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yukarı",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "یوقاری"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "owwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "pata"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "na"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "iznad"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "na"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "encima"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "över"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ovanför"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thod la",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ཐོད་ལ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 4 2 1 2 1 24 1 0 1 11 1",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thog la",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ཐོག་ལ"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "below"
},
{
"word": "beneath"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:",
"text": "And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:",
"text": "Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:",
"text": "Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-otoirivc",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "lart"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "mbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "فَوقَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōʔ",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "disuprã"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "prisuprã"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore na",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "отгоре на"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-visoko ot",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "по-високо от"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.pau",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "အပေါ်"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "damunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "喺…上便"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zài...shàngmiàn",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "在...上面"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenover"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenpå"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "oppe over"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "hoger dan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "üles"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "päällä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ylempänä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ylemmäs"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "au-dessus de"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sore"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páno",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "πάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "anlè"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"alt": "me`ál",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "מעל"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "... ke ūpar",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "... के ऊपर"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "fölött"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "felett"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "fölé"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "felé"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "atas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sopra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"alt": "...のうえに",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "... no ue ni",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "...の上に"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "jje",
"lang": "Jeju",
"roman": "u-i",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "우이"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "...wi-e",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "...위에"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "...u-e",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "...우에"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "raserî"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "li hindavî"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "li ser"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "virs"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "atas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "runga"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vartī",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "वरती"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "áry"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "bikáaʼgi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenfor"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yukarı",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "یوقاری"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pox",
"lang": "Polabian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "em cima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "deasupra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "survart"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "soura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sesura"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "süsur"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
],
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "supra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sùpira"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "górjejce"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "encima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "suso"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "asuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "över"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ibabaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "mēlē",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "மேலே"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nʉ̌ʉa",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "เหนือ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yukarıya"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "... ke ūpar",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "... کے اوپر"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sovra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sora"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "trên"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "dizeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ådzeu di"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "uwchben"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 62 1 2 8 9 5 4 4 1 2 1",
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "lórí"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Idaho is above Utah.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Farther north than."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-~Bd6AtgB",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 83 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šamāliyy",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "شَمَالِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 83 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "喺…上便"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 83 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zài...shàngmiàn",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "在...上面"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 83 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "ten noorden van"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 83 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "pohjoisempana"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-DwnL2apA"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to cut above average",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He was always above reproach.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "That's above my comprehension.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:",
"text": "Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:",
"text": "At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-9HRUjkeX",
"links": [
[
"surpassing",
"surpassing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaʕlā",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "أَعْلَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "výšej",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "вы́шэй"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pa-nád",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "па-на́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "над"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "visš",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "висш"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "meer dan"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "par-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "di ser re"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "whakatamatama"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "utover"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "ponad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prevýše",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "превы́ше"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "itaas"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "üstünde"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ponad",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "понад"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poza",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "поза"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 5 3 7 47 6 1 17 3 2 2 4",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "ådzeu di"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to stand head and shoulders above the rest",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:",
"text": "☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in rank, status, or position."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-3h52S91a",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 11 2 3 13 46 7 5 5 1 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "een trapje hoger"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 11 2 3 13 46 7 5 5 1 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "met een hogere rang"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 11 2 3 13 46 7 5 5 1 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 11 2 3 13 46 7 5 5 1 3 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "nad"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 3 8 0 2 1 3 0 3 3 8 5 4 4 6 1 1 6 5 4 10 2 1 2 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 3 12 0 2 1 1 0 1 4 5 9 3 3 10 0 0 2 7 3 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 10 1 2 2 1 0 2 4 2 8 4 4 8 1 1 5 6 3 12 1 3 3 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English locatives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 2 4 4 4 2 2 3 4 2 3 8 3 3 13 3 2 3 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 1 8 3 2 10 1 1 3 7 2 19 1 2 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 2 14 0 1 1 2 0 1 3 3 10 1 2 10 1 0 4 7 1 16 1 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 0 16 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 2 11 2 1 13 0 0 3 8 1 17 1 1 1 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 3 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Abenaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 4 9 4 4 8 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 1 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aromanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 3 9 4 3 9 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 3 10 0 3 1 2 0 2 2 3 9 4 4 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 1 3 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 2 10 0 2 1 2 0 2 4 5 13 4 3 7 1 1 5 5 2 12 2 1 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Burmese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 4 9 1 1 4 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 6 9 4 4 8 1 1 7 6 2 14 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cebuano translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 5 12 3 3 11 0 0 5 7 1 15 1 1 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chamicuro translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chickasaw translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 2 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 6 9 4 4 8 1 1 7 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 9 0 2 1 1 0 2 3 6 13 4 3 7 1 1 5 5 2 11 2 1 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 9 3 3 10 1 1 5 7 2 19 1 2 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 3 10 1 1 4 6 3 12 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 10 13 4 3 7 1 1 5 6 2 11 2 1 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 10 14 4 3 7 1 1 5 5 2 11 2 1 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 10 4 4 10 1 1 5 6 2 15 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Farefare translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 3 9 4 4 9 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 1 10 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 9 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Friulian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 3 9 1 1 4 6 2 14 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 5 8 5 4 7 1 1 5 7 4 13 1 2 2 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 5 11 1 4 1 4 0 2 4 2 8 4 3 8 1 1 4 5 2 11 2 2 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 2 9 0 2 1 1 0 2 2 6 13 4 3 7 1 1 7 5 2 11 3 1 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 6 8 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 11 2 1 3 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 10 2 1 10 0 0 3 7 1 23 1 0 1 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 2 10 0 2 1 1 0 2 2 6 9 4 4 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 4 1 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 5 10 1 3 1 3 0 2 3 3 13 4 3 7 1 1 4 5 2 11 2 1 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 11 4 3 10 1 1 4 7 2 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 8 4 4 8 1 1 8 6 2 14 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 11 4 3 10 1 1 4 7 2 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Jeju translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 9 10 4 3 8 1 1 7 5 2 12 1 1 4 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lombard translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 10 3 3 11 1 1 5 7 2 15 1 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 3 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maltese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 3 10 1 2 1 2 0 3 4 4 8 3 3 7 1 1 4 5 2 12 2 1 1 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manggarai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 11 1 1 4 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 12 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 1 14 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 5 12 2 2 12 0 0 4 7 1 17 1 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 3 9 4 4 8 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 3 9 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 10 4 4 10 1 1 5 6 2 15 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ojibwe translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 2 7 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 13 6 3 3 6 1 1 8 4 2 11 2 1 3 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 12 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polabian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 9 4 4 9 1 2 5 6 2 11 2 2 3 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 12 6 4 7 1 1 4 8 5 13 2 1 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 3 9 4 4 9 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 10 4 4 10 1 1 5 6 2 15 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romansch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 16 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 4 10 4 3 9 1 1 5 7 2 15 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scots translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 0 0 2 3 2 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 15 1 2 1 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 9 1 1 6 6 2 14 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 15 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 5 15 2 1 10 0 0 3 5 1 22 2 0 1 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 9 1 1 6 6 2 14 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 3 2 10 8 3 3 8 1 1 6 6 2 12 2 1 3 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 4 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 5 10 3 2 11 1 1 4 6 2 15 2 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 4 9 4 3 8 1 1 6 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 3 10 1 2 4 7 2 12 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 7 9 3 2 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 1 1 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 8 8 3 3 8 1 1 5 5 2 12 2 1 2 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 6 9 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 13 1 2 3 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yoruba translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "above and beyond the call of duty",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "over and above",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In addition to; besides."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-rwNwZtKk",
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) In addition to; besides."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "17 1 1 2 5 2 56 2 1 1 13 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "bovendien"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 1 1 2 5 2 56 2 1 1 13 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "daarenboven"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 1 1 2 5 2 56 2 1 1 13 0",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 1 1 2 5 2 56 2 1 1 13 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "lisäksi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That amount is way above our asking price.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-81HbH3Dw",
"links": [
[
"Surpassing",
"surpassing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In preference to."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-uxrd9iuB",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 77 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕalā",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "على"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 77 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "mieluummin (kuin)"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 3 3 3 3 3 77 1 1 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "pred"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The owner was above taking more than a token salary.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;"
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-aUEHt2bf",
"links": [
[
"proud",
"proud"
],
[
"averse",
"averse"
],
[
"disinclined",
"disinclined"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 2 12 3 2 3 2 1 66 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "too proud or averse to",
"word": "yläpuolella"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 6 8 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 11 2 1 3 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 8 8 3 3 8 1 1 5 5 2 12 2 1 2 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Beyond; on the other side."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-0R8bUdhx",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 1 2 1 4 4 26 2 0 1 50 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvǎd",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "отвъд"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 2 1 4 4 26 2 0 1 50 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "takana"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 2 1 4 4 26 2 0 1 50 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 2 1 4 4 26 2 0 1 50 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "jenseits"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Theater",
"orig": "en:Theater",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Upstage of."
],
"id": "en-above-en-prep-wHFL7D9K",
"links": [
[
"theater",
"theater"
],
[
"Upstage",
"upstage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theater) Upstage of."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"theater"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 78",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upstage of",
"word": "takana"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 78",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upstage of",
"word": "taaempana"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 49 43 0 1 1 0 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "out of reach, heightwise",
"word": "ylle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔakṯār",
"sense": "more",
"word": "أَكْثٰر"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osven tova",
"sense": "more",
"word": "освен това"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ošte poveče",
"sense": "more",
"word": "още повече"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "more",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "more",
"word": "meer dan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "yli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "more",
"word": "plus de"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "more",
"word": "über"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "me`ál",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "more",
"word": "מעל"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "zêdeyî"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "more",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "more",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "āṇkhī",
"sense": "more",
"word": "आणखी"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "more",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "ponad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "mais que"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "mais de"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svýše",
"sense": "more",
"word": "свы́ше"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "more",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "more",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "more",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "more",
"word": "za"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "more",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "daha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "more",
"word": "pus ki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "more",
"word": "dipus ki"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-cited"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-described"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-given"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-mentioned"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-named"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-quoted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-said"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-specified"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "above-written"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80:",
"text": "Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Directly overhead; vertically on top of."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv--YrFl2ph",
"links": [
[
"overhead",
"overhead"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ibabaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "a-vann"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "gur",
"lang": "Farefare",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "zuum"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "en haut"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "iupa",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"note": "ὑπεράνω (huperánō, literally “far above”)",
"sense": "overhead, on top of"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epánō",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ἐπάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "fent"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "lastuas"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "sopra"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "insuper"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "sora"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "mqy",
"lang": "Manggarai",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "eta"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "taas"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "kauc"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "ʿln",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "𐎓𐎍𐎐"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "dissu"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "mbb",
"lang": "Western Bukidnon Manobo",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "bavew"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybn",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "אויבן"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 5 1 5 2 3 0 1 7",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oyvn",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "אויוון"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 11 3 12 0 2 1 1 0 1 4 5 9 3 3 10 0 0 2 7 3 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 10 1 2 2 1 0 2 4 2 8 4 4 8 1 1 5 6 3 12 1 3 3 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English locatives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 2 14 0 1 1 2 0 1 3 3 10 1 2 10 1 0 4 7 1 16 1 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 0 16 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 2 11 2 1 13 0 0 3 8 1 17 1 1 1 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 4 9 4 4 8 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 1 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 3 9 4 3 9 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 4 9 1 1 4 6 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 5 12 3 3 11 0 0 5 7 1 15 1 1 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 3 10 1 1 4 6 3 12 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Farefare translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 3 9 4 4 9 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 5 11 1 4 1 4 0 2 4 2 8 4 3 8 1 1 4 5 2 11 2 2 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 6 8 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 11 2 1 3 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 11 4 3 10 1 1 4 7 2 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 11 4 3 10 1 1 4 7 2 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Jeju translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manggarai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 11 1 1 4 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 12 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 1 14 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 5 12 2 2 12 0 0 4 7 1 17 1 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 12 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polabian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 9 4 4 9 1 2 5 6 2 11 2 2 3 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 3 9 4 4 9 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 0 0 2 3 2 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 15 1 2 1 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 2 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 10 4 4 9 1 1 5 7 2 13 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 3 2 10 8 3 3 8 1 1 6 6 2 12 2 1 3 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 5 10 3 2 11 1 1 4 6 2 15 2 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 3 10 1 2 4 7 2 12 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Ambrose Bierce, Present at a Hanging and Other Ghost Stories:",
"text": "Nobody has lived in it since the summer of 1879, and it is fast going to pieces. For some three years before the date mentioned above, it was occupied by the family of Charles May",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1905, Emanuel Swedenborg, chapter 19, in Heaven and Hell:",
"text": "That angels are men in the most complete form, and enjoy every sense, may be seen above (n. 73-77); and that the light in heaven is far brighter than the light in the world (n. 126-132).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-wcpfyFaw",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "edellä"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "früher"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "vorher"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výše",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "вы́ше"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "vyššie"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "zgôraj"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "divant"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 51 3 8 8 5 4 4 12",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "cial ådzeu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He’s in a better place now, floating free as the clouds above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Into or from heaven; in the sky."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-FFsl6T5O",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 18 30 12 11 14 11 3 1",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 30 12 11 14 11 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 30 12 11 14 11 3 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "å hôt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 30 12 11 14 11 3 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "ådzeu"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In a higher place; upstairs; farther upstream."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-4kjffSwL",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "navjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "наве́рсе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "uvjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "уве́рсе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "ŭvjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ўве́рсе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gore",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "горе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "отгоре"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "dalt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "i'yijku shana"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "hierboven"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ylhäällä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "korkealla"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "au-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "höher"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "darüber"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páno",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "πάνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ūpar",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ऊपर"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "fent"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "felül"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "thuas"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "bikáaʼgi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ovenfor"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "para cima"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "deasupra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naverxú",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "наверху́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vverxú",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вверху́"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výše",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вы́ше"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "hore"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "vyššie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "povyše"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "zgôraj"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyšče",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вище"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ūpar",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "اوپر"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "al copete"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "padzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "uwchben"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "uwchlaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 10 2 65 11 4 3 1 2",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybn",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "אויבן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He appealed to the court above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in rank, power, or position."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-LG0AxyDP",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "s po-visok rang",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "с по-висок ранг"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "高於"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gāoyú",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "高于"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ylempänä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "olla ylempiarvoinen kuin"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ranghöher"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "vorgesetzt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "høyere"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 18 3 14 51 5 4 2 2",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "pus hôt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"In addition."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-dczLIUXy",
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) In addition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 4 2 83 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "archaic: in addition",
"word": "ynnä"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"More in number."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-MSdlUFp2",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It was a cold day at only 5 above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Above zero; above freezing."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-W2x1cHvx",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 0 2 2 1 0 88 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "above freezing",
"word": "yli nollan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sparrow I saw was rufous above and off-white below.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adv-KldGsHCr",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 6 0 3 2 0 0 0 80",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "on the upper half of the dorsal surface",
"word": "päältä"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "yli"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of heaven; heavenly."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adj-fpyIEKFq",
"links": [
[
"heavenly",
"heavenly"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "heavenly",
"word": "hemels in de lucht"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "heavenly",
"word": "taivaallinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 11 3 12 0 2 1 1 0 1 4 5 9 3 3 10 0 0 2 7 3 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 2 14 0 1 1 2 0 1 3 3 10 1 2 10 1 0 4 7 1 16 1 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 14 0 16 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 2 11 2 1 13 0 0 3 8 1 17 1 1 1 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 5 12 3 3 11 0 0 5 7 1 15 1 1 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Farefare translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manggarai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 11 1 1 4 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 1 14 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 5 12 2 2 12 0 0 4 7 1 17 1 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 0 0 2 3 2 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 15 1 2 1 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 5 10 3 2 11 1 1 4 6 2 15 2 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"id": "en-above-en-adj-OSWrOkC7",
"links": [
[
"ellipsis",
"ellipsis"
]
],
"qualifier": "by ellipsis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shàngshù",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "上述"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ovenstående"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "bovenstaand"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "eerder genoemd"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "bovenvermeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ylempänä (oleva)"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "augšā"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "powyższy"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "predchádzajúci"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "abovesaid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "aboves'd"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 6 3 8 0 2 1 3 0 3 3 8 5 4 4 6 1 1 6 5 4 10 2 1 2 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 4 7 0 3 2 3 0 4 2 12 5 3 4 5 1 1 7 4 2 10 3 2 2 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 2 7 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 13 6 3 3 6 1 1 8 4 2 11 2 1 3 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, “Twinz”, in Capital Punishment, performed by Big Pun and Fat Joe:",
"text": "A brother from another mother, sent from the above.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Heaven."
],
"id": "en-above-en-noun-HvqX2kBe",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 14 0 16 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 2 11 2 1 13 0 0 3 8 1 17 1 1 1 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 2 10 0 2 1 2 0 2 4 5 13 4 3 7 1 1 5 5 2 12 2 1 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Burmese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 5 12 3 3 11 0 0 5 7 1 15 1 1 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 9 0 2 1 1 0 2 3 6 13 4 3 7 1 1 5 5 2 11 2 1 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 3 10 1 1 4 6 3 12 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 10 13 4 3 7 1 1 5 6 2 11 2 1 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 10 14 4 3 7 1 1 5 5 2 11 2 1 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 15 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Farefare translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 2 9 0 2 1 1 0 2 2 6 13 4 3 7 1 1 7 5 2 11 3 1 2 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 5 10 1 3 1 3 0 2 3 3 13 4 3 7 1 1 4 5 2 11 2 1 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 15 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 11 4 3 10 1 1 4 7 2 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 11 4 3 10 1 1 4 7 2 15 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Jeju translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 15 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 15 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manggarai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 2 3 2 11 4 3 10 1 1 3 7 2 14 1 2 1 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 4 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 14 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 1 13 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 4 11 3 2 11 1 1 4 7 2 16 1 1 1 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 12 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 12 1 14 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 5 12 2 2 12 0 0 4 7 1 17 1 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 6 2 7 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 4 18 5 4 6 1 1 5 5 2 11 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pennsylvania German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 12 4 4 9 1 1 5 6 2 14 1 2 1 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polabian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 7 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 4 12 6 4 7 1 1 4 8 5 13 2 1 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 15 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 0 13 0 1 1 0 0 2 3 2 11 3 2 12 1 1 3 7 2 15 1 2 1 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 15 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 12 2 1 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 10 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 3 15 4 3 8 1 1 4 6 2 12 2 1 3 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 10 1 12 0 1 1 1 0 1 3 5 10 3 2 11 1 1 4 6 2 15 2 1 1 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 1 9 0 1 1 1 0 2 2 5 15 4 3 8 1 1 5 6 2 12 2 1 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 9 1 11 0 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 10 4 3 10 1 2 4 7 2 12 2 2 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something, especially a person's name in legal documents, that appears higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"id": "en-above-en-noun-RNyXiy-u",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 66 15 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gorespomenat",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "гореспоменат"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 66 15 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "vyšší"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 66 15 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "yllä mainittu"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 66 15 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "edellä mainittu"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 66 15 10",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "fentemlített"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 66 15 10",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "iepriekšminētais"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 66 15 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyšeupomjánutyj",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "вышеупомя́нутый"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Higher authority."
],
"id": "en-above-en-noun-TlFz7Sip",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1896, William Morris, The Well at the World's End:",
"text": "Withal they saw of him that he had no doubt but that they should come to their above on the morrow,",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"betterment, raised status or condition."
],
"id": "en-above-en-noun-F9uCmkDf",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) betterment, raised status or condition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English locatives",
"English nouns",
"English prepositions",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables",
"Terms with Abenaki translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"Terms with Chamicuro translations",
"Terms with Chickasaw translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Egyptian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Farefare translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Jeju translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manggarai translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ojibwe translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations",
"Terms with Polabian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Yoruba translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "above a bit"
},
{
"word": "above all"
},
{
"word": "above and beyond"
},
{
"word": "above average"
},
{
"word": "above-board"
},
{
"word": "above board"
},
{
"word": "abovedeck"
},
{
"word": "Above Derwent"
},
{
"word": "abovedescribed"
},
{
"word": "above grass"
},
{
"word": "above ground"
},
{
"word": "aboveground"
},
{
"word": "above-ground"
},
{
"word": "above-line"
},
{
"word": "abovelisted"
},
{
"word": "above measure"
},
{
"word": "abovementioned"
},
{
"word": "aboveness"
},
{
"word": "above one's bend"
},
{
"word": "above oneself"
},
{
"word": "above one's huckleberry"
},
{
"word": "above one's pay grade"
},
{
"word": "above one's paygrade"
},
{
"word": "above one's station"
},
{
"word": "above par"
},
{
"word": "above proof"
},
{
"word": "above-stairs"
},
{
"word": "abovestairs"
},
{
"word": "above stairs"
},
{
"word": "abovestated"
},
{
"word": "above the curve"
},
{
"word": "above-the-fold"
},
{
"word": "above the fold"
},
{
"word": "above the fray"
},
{
"word": "above the law"
},
{
"word": "above the line"
},
{
"word": "above the rim"
},
{
"word": "above the salt"
},
{
"word": "above-water"
},
{
"word": "above water"
},
{
"word": "a notch above"
},
{
"word": "brood above"
},
{
"word": "Caesar's wife must be above suspicion"
},
{
"word": "cut above"
},
{
"word": "don't get above your raising"
},
{
"word": "get above oneself"
},
{
"word": "gift from above"
},
{
"word": "heavens above"
},
{
"word": "height above average terrain"
},
{
"word": "hell from above"
},
{
"word": "hereabove"
},
{
"word": "hereinabove"
},
{
"word": "hit above one's weight"
},
{
"word": "hold one's head above water"
},
{
"word": "hook above"
},
{
"word": "huckleberry above a persimmon"
},
{
"word": "huckleberry above one's persimmon"
},
{
"word": "keep one's head above the water"
},
{
"word": "keep one's head above water"
},
{
"word": "lie above"
},
{
"word": "over and above"
},
{
"word": "punch above"
},
{
"word": "punch above one's weight"
},
{
"word": "put one's head above the parapet"
},
{
"word": "rise above"
},
{
"word": "thereabove"
},
{
"word": "thereinabove"
},
{
"word": "up above"
},
{
"word": "whereabove"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prepositions",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "above",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "above",
"name": "en-prep"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He always put his coat on above his sweater.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing."
],
"links": [
[
"Physically",
"physically"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "below"
},
{
"word": "beneath"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:",
"text": "And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:",
"text": "Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:",
"text": "Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Idaho is above Utah.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Farther north than."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to cut above average",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He was always above reproach.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "That's above my comprehension.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:",
"text": "Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:",
"text": "At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts."
],
"links": [
[
"surpassing",
"surpassing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to stand head and shoulders above the rest",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:",
"text": "☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in rank, status, or position."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "above and beyond the call of duty",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "over and above",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In addition to; besides."
],
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) In addition to; besides."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That amount is way above our asking price.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than."
],
"links": [
[
"Surpassing",
"surpassing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In preference to."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The owner was above taking more than a token salary.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;"
],
"links": [
[
"proud",
"proud"
],
[
"averse",
"averse"
],
[
"disinclined",
"disinclined"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Beyond; on the other side."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Theater"
],
"glosses": [
"Upstage of."
],
"links": [
[
"theater",
"theater"
],
[
"Upstage",
"upstage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theater) Upstage of."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"theater"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "abe",
"lang": "Abenaki",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "Tasiwi"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaʕlā",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "أَعْلَى"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōʔ",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōg",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "отгоре"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "líl·e-m·yˀ"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "a-ugh dhe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "bovenop"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "sur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "päällä"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "über"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "ufar",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apó páno",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "από πάνω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hupér",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"tags": [
"with-accusative"
],
"word": "ὑπέρ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ke ūpar",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "के ऊपर"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "lastuas de"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "áry"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ishpayi'ii"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yukarı",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "یوقاری"
},
{
"code": "pdc",
"lang": "Pennsylvania German",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "owwe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "pata"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "na"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "iznad"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "na"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "encima"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "över"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ovanför"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thod la",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ཐོད་ལ"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "thog la",
"sense": "over, on top of",
"word": "ཐོག་ལ"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "lart"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "mbi"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "فَوقَ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fōʔ",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "فوق"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "disuprã"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "prisuprã"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore na",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "отгоре на"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-visoko ot",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "по-високо от"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "a.pau",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "အပေါ်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "damunt"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "喺…上便"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zài...shàngmiàn",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "在...上面"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenover"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenpå"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "oppe over"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "hoger dan"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "üles"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "päällä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ylempänä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ylemmäs"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "au-dessus de"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sore"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "über"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páno",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "πάνω"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "anlè"
},
{
"alt": "me`ál",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "מעל"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "... ke ūpar",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "... के ऊपर"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "fölött"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "felett"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "fölé"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "felé"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "atas"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sopra"
},
{
"alt": "...のうえに",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "... no ue ni",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "...の上に"
},
{
"code": "jje",
"lang": "Jeju",
"roman": "u-i",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "우이"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "...wi-e",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "...위에"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "...u-e",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "...우에"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "raserî"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "li hindavî"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "li ser"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "virs"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "atas"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "runga"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vartī",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "वरती"
},
{
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "áry"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "bikáaʼgi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovenfor"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yukarı",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "یوقاری"
},
{
"code": "pox",
"lang": "Polabian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "em cima de"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "deasupra"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sura"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "survart"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "soura"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sesura"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "süsur"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"with-instrumental"
],
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "supra"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sùpira"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "górjejce"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "encima de"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "suso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "asuso"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "över"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ovan"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ibabaw"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "mēlē",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "மேலே"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nʉ̌ʉa",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "เหนือ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "yukarıya"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "... ke ūpar",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "... کے اوپر"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sovra"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "sora"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "trên"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "dizeu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "ådzeu di"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "uwchben"
},
{
"code": "yo",
"lang": "Yoruba",
"sense": "in or to a higher place",
"word": "lórí"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šamāliyy",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "شَمَالِيّ"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "喺…上便"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zài...shàngmiàn",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "在...上面"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "ten noorden van"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "farther north",
"word": "pohjoisempana"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "out of reach, heightwise",
"word": "ylle"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaʕlā",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "أَعْلَى"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "výšej",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "вы́шэй"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pa-nád",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "па-на́д"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nad",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "над"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "visš",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "висш"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "meer dan"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "par-dessus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "über"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "di ser re"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "whakatamatama"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "utover"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "ponad"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prevýše",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "превы́ше"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "itaas"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "üstünde"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ponad",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "понад"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "poza",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "поза"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "superior to, surpassing",
"word": "ådzeu di"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "een trapje hoger"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "met een hogere rang"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "bovendien"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "daarenboven"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "ḥr",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "Hr:Z1"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in addition to",
"word": "lisäksi"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔakṯār",
"sense": "more",
"word": "أَكْثٰر"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osven tova",
"sense": "more",
"word": "освен това"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ošte poveče",
"sense": "more",
"word": "още повече"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "more",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "more",
"word": "meer dan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "yli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "more",
"word": "plus de"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "more",
"word": "über"
},
{
"alt": "me`ál",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "more",
"word": "מעל"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "zêdeyî"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "more",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "more",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "āṇkhī",
"sense": "more",
"word": "आणखी"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "more",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "ponad"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "acima de"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "mais que"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "more",
"word": "mais de"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svýše",
"sense": "more",
"word": "свы́ше"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "more",
"word": "abune"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "more",
"word": "aboon"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "more",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "more",
"word": "za"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "more",
"word": "nad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "sobre"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "daha"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "more",
"word": "pus ki"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "more",
"word": "dipus ki"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕalā",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "على"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "mieluummin (kuin)"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in preference to",
"word": "pred"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "too proud or averse to",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upstage of",
"word": "takana"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "upstage of",
"word": "taaempana"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvǎd",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "отвъд"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "takana"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "über"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "beyond",
"word": "jenseits"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English locatives",
"English nouns",
"English prepositions",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables",
"Terms with Abenaki translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"Terms with Chamicuro translations",
"Terms with Chickasaw translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Egyptian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Farefare translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Jeju translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manggarai translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ojibwe translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations",
"Terms with Polabian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Yoruba translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "above-cited"
},
{
"word": "above-described"
},
{
"word": "above-given"
},
{
"word": "above-mentioned"
},
{
"word": "above-named"
},
{
"word": "above-quoted"
},
{
"word": "above-said"
},
{
"word": "above-specified"
},
{
"word": "above-written"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80:",
"text": "Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Directly overhead; vertically on top of."
],
"links": [
[
"overhead",
"overhead"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1913, Ambrose Bierce, Present at a Hanging and Other Ghost Stories:",
"text": "Nobody has lived in it since the summer of 1879, and it is fast going to pieces. For some three years before the date mentioned above, it was occupied by the family of Charles May",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1905, Emanuel Swedenborg, chapter 19, in Heaven and Hell:",
"text": "That angels are men in the most complete form, and enjoy every sense, may be seen above (n. 73-77); and that the light in heaven is far brighter than the light in the world (n. 126-132).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He’s in a better place now, floating free as the clouds above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Into or from heaven; in the sky."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In a higher place; upstairs; farther upstream."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He appealed to the court above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Higher in rank, power, or position."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"In addition."
],
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) In addition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"More in number."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It was a cold day at only 5 above.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Above zero; above freezing."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Biology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The sparrow I saw was rufous above and off-white below.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"dorsal",
"dorsal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ibabaw"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "a-vann"
},
{
"code": "gur",
"lang": "Farefare",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "zuum"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "en haut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "iupa",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"note": "ὑπεράνω (huperánō, literally “far above”)",
"sense": "overhead, on top of"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "epánō",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ἐπάνω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "fent"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "lastuas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "sopra"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "insuper"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "sora"
},
{
"code": "mqy",
"lang": "Manggarai",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "eta"
},
{
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "taas"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "kauc"
},
{
"code": "uga",
"lang": "Ugaritic",
"roman": "ʿln",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "𐎓𐎍𐎐"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "dissu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "mbb",
"lang": "Western Bukidnon Manobo",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "bavew"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybn",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "אויבן"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oyvn",
"sense": "overhead, on top of",
"word": "אויוון"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "edellä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "früher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "vorher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výše",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "вы́ше"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "vyššie"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "zgôraj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "divant"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "earlier in order in writing",
"word": "cial ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "yllä"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "å hôt"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "of or in the heavens or sky",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "navjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "наве́рсе"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "uvjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "уве́рсе"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "ŭvjérsje",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ўве́рсе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gore",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "горе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otgore",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "отгоре"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "dalt"
},
{
"code": "ccc",
"lang": "Chamicuro",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "i'yijku shana"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "aba'"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "boven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "hierboven"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ylhäällä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "korkealla"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "au-dessus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "höher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "oben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "darüber"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "páno",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "πάνω"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ūpar",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ऊपर"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "fent"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "felül"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "thuas"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "os cionn"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "super"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "bikáaʼgi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ovenfor"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "over"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "powyżej"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "para cima"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "deasupra"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naverxú",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "наверху́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vverxú",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вверху́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výše",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вы́ше"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "hore"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "vyššie"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "povyše"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "zgôraj"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "arriba"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyšče",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "вище"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ūpar",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "اوپر"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "al copete"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "padzeu"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "uwchben"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "uwchlaw"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "oybn",
"sense": "in a higher place",
"word": "אויבן"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "po-gore",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "по-горе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "s po-visok rang",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "с по-висок ранг"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "高於"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gāoyú",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "高于"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "výše"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ylempänä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "yläpuolella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "olla ylempiarvoinen kuin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ranghöher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "vorgesetzt"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "suprā"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "høyere"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "acima"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "ådzeu"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "higher in rank",
"word": "pus hôt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "archaic: in addition",
"word": "ynnä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "more",
"word": "yli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "above freezing",
"word": "yli nollan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "on the upper half of the dorsal surface",
"word": "päältä"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English locatives",
"English nouns",
"English prepositions",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables",
"Terms with Abenaki translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"Terms with Chamicuro translations",
"Terms with Chickasaw translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Egyptian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Farefare translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Jeju translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manggarai translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ojibwe translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations",
"Terms with Polabian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Yoruba translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of heaven; heavenly."
],
"links": [
[
"heavenly",
"heavenly"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English ellipses"
],
"glosses": [
"Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"links": [
[
"ellipsis",
"ellipsis"
]
],
"qualifier": "by ellipsis",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "heavenly",
"word": "hemels in de lucht"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "heavenly",
"word": "taivaallinen"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shàngshù",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "上述"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ovenstående"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "bovenstaand"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "eerder genoemd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "bovenvermeld"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ylempänä (oleva)"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "augšā"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "powyższy"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page",
"word": "predchádzajúci"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English locatives",
"English nouns",
"English prepositions",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Maltese translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv",
"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables",
"Terms with Abenaki translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations",
"Terms with Chamicuro translations",
"Terms with Chickasaw translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Egyptian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Farefare translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Jeju translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manggarai translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ojibwe translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations",
"Terms with Polabian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scots translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ugaritic translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Yoruba translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "above"
},
"expansion": "Middle English above",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ābufan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ābufan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofan",
"3": "",
"4": "from above"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic ofan (“from above”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bōven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bōven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bova"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bova",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bobene"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bobene",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Danish oven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "boven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch boven",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "oben"
},
"expansion": "German oben",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ovan"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ovan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "oban",
"3": "oƀan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon oƀan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "obana"
},
"expansion": "Old High German obana",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "above (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "abovesaid"
},
{
"word": "aboves'd"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, “Twinz”, in Capital Punishment, performed by Big Pun and Fat Joe:",
"text": "A brother from another mother, sent from the above.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Heaven."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something, especially a person's name in legal documents, that appears higher on the same page or on a preceding page."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Higher authority."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1896, William Morris, The Well at the World's End:",
"text": "Withal they saw of him that he had no doubt but that they should come to their above on the morrow,",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"betterment, raised status or condition."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) betterment, raised status or condition."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "ə-bŭvʹ",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbʌv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-above.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "aboue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gorespomenat",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "гореспоменат"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "vyšší"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "yllä mainittu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "edellä mainittu"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "fentemlített"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "iepriekšminētais"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyšeupomjánutyj",
"sense": "something mentioned previously in a document",
"word": "вышеупомя́нутый"
}
],
"word": "above"
}
Download raw JSONL data for above meaning in All languages combined (70.8kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Telugu: __IGNORE__ (1), __IGNORE__ (2)",
"path": [
"above"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above a bit\"}, {\"word\": \"above all\"}, {\"word\": \"above and beyond\"}, {\"word\": \"above average\"}, {\"word\": \"above-board\"}, {\"word\": \"above board\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedeck\"}, {\"word\": \"Above Derwent\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedescribed\"}, {\"word\": \"above grass\"}, {\"word\": \"above ground\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-ground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-line\"}, {\"word\": \"abovelisted\"}, {\"word\": \"above measure\"}, {\"word\": \"abovementioned\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveness\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's bend\"}, {\"word\": \"above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's huckleberry\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's pay grade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's paygrade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's station\"}, {\"word\": \"above par\"}, {\"word\": \"above proof\"}, {\"word\": \"above-stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestairs\"}, {\"word\": \"above stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestated\"}, {\"word\": \"above the curve\"}, {\"word\": \"above-the-fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fray\"}, {\"word\": \"above the law\"}, {\"word\": \"above the line\"}, {\"word\": \"above the rim\"}, {\"word\": \"above the salt\"}, {\"word\": \"above-water\"}, {\"word\": \"above water\"}, {\"word\": \"a notch above\"}, {\"word\": \"brood above\"}, {\"word\": \"Caesar's wife must be above suspicion\"}, {\"word\": \"cut above\"}, {\"word\": \"don't get above your raising\"}, {\"word\": \"get above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"gift from above\"}, {\"word\": \"heavens above\"}, {\"word\": \"height above average terrain\"}, {\"word\": \"hell from above\"}, {\"word\": \"hereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hit above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"hold one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"hook above\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above a persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above one's persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above the water\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"lie above\"}, {\"word\": \"over and above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"put one's head above the parapet\"}, {\"word\": \"rise above\"}, {\"word\": \"thereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"thereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"up above\"}, {\"word\": \"whereabove\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"prepositions\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"en-prep\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"prep\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He always put his coat on above his sweater.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physically\", \"physically\"]]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"below\"}, {\"word\": \"beneath\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:\", \"text\": \"And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:\", \"text\": \"Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Idaho is above Utah.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Farther north than.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to cut above average\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"He was always above reproach.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"That's above my comprehension.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:\", \"text\": \"Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:\", \"text\": \"At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"links\": [[\"surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to stand head and shoulders above the rest\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:\", \"text\": \"☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, status, or position.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"Scottish English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"above and beyond the call of duty\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"over and above\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In addition to; besides.\"], \"links\": [[\"besides\", \"besides\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Scotland) In addition to; besides.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"That amount is way above our asking price.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than.\"], \"links\": [[\"Surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In preference to.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The owner was above taking more than a token salary.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;\"], \"links\": [[\"proud\", \"proud\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"], [\"disinclined\", \"disinclined\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Beyond; on the other side.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Theater\"], \"glosses\": [\"Upstage of.\"], \"links\": [[\"theater\", \"theater\"], [\"Upstage\", \"upstage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(theater) Upstage of.\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"theater\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"abe\", \"lang\": \"Abenaki\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Tasiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōg\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"csm\", \"lang\": \"Central Sierra Miwok\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"líl·e-m·yˀ\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-ugh dhe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"bovenop\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"sur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ufar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"apó páno\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"από πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"hupér\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"with-accusative\"], \"word\": \"ὑπέρ\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas de\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ishpayi'ii\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pdc\", \"lang\": \"Pennsylvania German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"owwe\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"pata\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"peste\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"iznad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"encima\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ovanför\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thod la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོད་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thog la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོག་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lart\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"mbi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"فَوقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"disuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"prisuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore na\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре на\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-visoko ot\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"по-високо от\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"a.pau\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"အပေါ်\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"damunt\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenover\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenpå\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"oppe over\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"hoger dan\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"üles\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylemmäs\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus de\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sore\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"anlè\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölött\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felett\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölé\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felé\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"alt\": \"...のうえに\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"... no ue ni\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...の上に\"}, {\"code\": \"jje\", \"lang\": \"Jeju\", \"roman\": \"u-i\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"우이\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...wi-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...위에\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...u-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"...우에\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"raserî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li hindavî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li ser\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"virs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"runga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"vartī\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"वरती\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pox\", \"lang\": \"Polabian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"em cima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"survart\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"soura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sesura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"süsur\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"with-instrumental\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"supra\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sùpira\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"górjejce\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"encima de\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"suso\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"asuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"mēlē\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"மேலே\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nʉ̌ʉa\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"เหนือ\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yukarıya\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... کے اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sovra\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"trên\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"dizeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lórí\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šamāliyy\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"شَمَالِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"ten noorden van\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"pohjoisempana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"out of reach, heightwise\", \"word\": \"ylle\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"výšej\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"вы́шэй\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pa-nád\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"па-на́д\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"visš\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"висш\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"par-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"di ser re\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"whakatamatama\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"utover\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prevýše\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"превы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"itaas\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"üstünde\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"ponad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"понад\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"poza\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"поза\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"een trapje hoger\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"met een hogere rang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"bovendien\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"daarenboven\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"lisäksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔakṯār\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"أَكْثٰر\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"osven tova\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"освен това\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"ošte poveče\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"още повече\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"plus de\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"zêdeyî\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"āṇkhī\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"आणखी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais que\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"svýše\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"свы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"za\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"daha\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"pus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"dipus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕalā\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"على\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"mieluummin (kuin)\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"pred\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"too proud or averse to\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"taaempana\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvǎd\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"отвъд\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"jenseits\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "prep",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above a bit\"}, {\"word\": \"above all\"}, {\"word\": \"above and beyond\"}, {\"word\": \"above average\"}, {\"word\": \"above-board\"}, {\"word\": \"above board\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedeck\"}, {\"word\": \"Above Derwent\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedescribed\"}, {\"word\": \"above grass\"}, {\"word\": \"above ground\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-ground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-line\"}, {\"word\": \"abovelisted\"}, {\"word\": \"above measure\"}, {\"word\": \"abovementioned\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveness\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's bend\"}, {\"word\": \"above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's huckleberry\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's pay grade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's paygrade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's station\"}, {\"word\": \"above par\"}, {\"word\": \"above proof\"}, {\"word\": \"above-stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestairs\"}, {\"word\": \"above stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestated\"}, {\"word\": \"above the curve\"}, {\"word\": \"above-the-fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fray\"}, {\"word\": \"above the law\"}, {\"word\": \"above the line\"}, {\"word\": \"above the rim\"}, {\"word\": \"above the salt\"}, {\"word\": \"above-water\"}, {\"word\": \"above water\"}, {\"word\": \"a notch above\"}, {\"word\": \"brood above\"}, {\"word\": \"Caesar's wife must be above suspicion\"}, {\"word\": \"cut above\"}, {\"word\": \"don't get above your raising\"}, {\"word\": \"get above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"gift from above\"}, {\"word\": \"heavens above\"}, {\"word\": \"height above average terrain\"}, {\"word\": \"hell from above\"}, {\"word\": \"hereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hit above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"hold one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"hook above\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above a persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above one's persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above the water\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"lie above\"}, {\"word\": \"over and above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"put one's head above the parapet\"}, {\"word\": \"rise above\"}, {\"word\": \"thereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"thereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"up above\"}, {\"word\": \"whereabove\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"prepositions\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"en-prep\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"prep\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He always put his coat on above his sweater.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physically\", \"physically\"]]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"below\"}, {\"word\": \"beneath\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:\", \"text\": \"And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:\", \"text\": \"Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Idaho is above Utah.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Farther north than.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to cut above average\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"He was always above reproach.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"That's above my comprehension.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:\", \"text\": \"Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:\", \"text\": \"At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"links\": [[\"surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to stand head and shoulders above the rest\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:\", \"text\": \"☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, status, or position.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"Scottish English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"above and beyond the call of duty\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"over and above\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In addition to; besides.\"], \"links\": [[\"besides\", \"besides\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Scotland) In addition to; besides.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"That amount is way above our asking price.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than.\"], \"links\": [[\"Surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In preference to.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The owner was above taking more than a token salary.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;\"], \"links\": [[\"proud\", \"proud\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"], [\"disinclined\", \"disinclined\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Beyond; on the other side.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Theater\"], \"glosses\": [\"Upstage of.\"], \"links\": [[\"theater\", \"theater\"], [\"Upstage\", \"upstage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(theater) Upstage of.\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"theater\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"abe\", \"lang\": \"Abenaki\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Tasiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōg\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"csm\", \"lang\": \"Central Sierra Miwok\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"líl·e-m·yˀ\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-ugh dhe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"bovenop\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"sur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ufar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"apó páno\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"από πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"hupér\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"with-accusative\"], \"word\": \"ὑπέρ\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas de\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ishpayi'ii\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pdc\", \"lang\": \"Pennsylvania German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"owwe\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"pata\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"peste\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"iznad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"encima\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ovanför\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thod la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོད་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thog la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོག་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lart\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"mbi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"فَوقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"disuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"prisuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore na\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре на\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-visoko ot\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"по-високо от\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"a.pau\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"အပေါ်\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"damunt\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenover\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenpå\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"oppe over\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"hoger dan\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"üles\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylemmäs\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus de\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sore\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"anlè\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölött\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felett\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölé\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felé\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"alt\": \"...のうえに\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"... no ue ni\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...の上に\"}, {\"code\": \"jje\", \"lang\": \"Jeju\", \"roman\": \"u-i\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"우이\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...wi-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...위에\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...u-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"...우에\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"raserî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li hindavî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li ser\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"virs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"runga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"vartī\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"वरती\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pox\", \"lang\": \"Polabian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"em cima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"survart\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"soura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sesura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"süsur\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"with-instrumental\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"supra\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sùpira\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"górjejce\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"encima de\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"suso\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"asuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"mēlē\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"மேலே\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nʉ̌ʉa\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"เหนือ\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yukarıya\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... کے اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sovra\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"trên\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"dizeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lórí\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šamāliyy\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"شَمَالِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"ten noorden van\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"pohjoisempana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"out of reach, heightwise\", \"word\": \"ylle\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"výšej\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"вы́шэй\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pa-nád\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"па-на́д\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"visš\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"висш\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"par-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"di ser re\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"whakatamatama\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"utover\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prevýše\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"превы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"itaas\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"üstünde\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"ponad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"понад\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"poza\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"поза\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"een trapje hoger\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"met een hogere rang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"bovendien\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"daarenboven\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"lisäksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔakṯār\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"أَكْثٰر\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"osven tova\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"освен това\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"ošte poveče\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"още повече\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"plus de\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"zêdeyî\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"āṇkhī\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"आणखी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais que\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"svýše\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"свы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"za\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"daha\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"pus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"dipus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕalā\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"على\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"mieluummin (kuin)\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"pred\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"too proud or averse to\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"taaempana\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvǎd\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"отвъд\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"jenseits\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "prep",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above a bit\"}, {\"word\": \"above all\"}, {\"word\": \"above and beyond\"}, {\"word\": \"above average\"}, {\"word\": \"above-board\"}, {\"word\": \"above board\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedeck\"}, {\"word\": \"Above Derwent\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedescribed\"}, {\"word\": \"above grass\"}, {\"word\": \"above ground\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-ground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-line\"}, {\"word\": \"abovelisted\"}, {\"word\": \"above measure\"}, {\"word\": \"abovementioned\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveness\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's bend\"}, {\"word\": \"above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's huckleberry\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's pay grade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's paygrade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's station\"}, {\"word\": \"above par\"}, {\"word\": \"above proof\"}, {\"word\": \"above-stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestairs\"}, {\"word\": \"above stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestated\"}, {\"word\": \"above the curve\"}, {\"word\": \"above-the-fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fray\"}, {\"word\": \"above the law\"}, {\"word\": \"above the line\"}, {\"word\": \"above the rim\"}, {\"word\": \"above the salt\"}, {\"word\": \"above-water\"}, {\"word\": \"above water\"}, {\"word\": \"a notch above\"}, {\"word\": \"brood above\"}, {\"word\": \"Caesar's wife must be above suspicion\"}, {\"word\": \"cut above\"}, {\"word\": \"don't get above your raising\"}, {\"word\": \"get above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"gift from above\"}, {\"word\": \"heavens above\"}, {\"word\": \"height above average terrain\"}, {\"word\": \"hell from above\"}, {\"word\": \"hereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hit above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"hold one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"hook above\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above a persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above one's persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above the water\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"lie above\"}, {\"word\": \"over and above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"put one's head above the parapet\"}, {\"word\": \"rise above\"}, {\"word\": \"thereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"thereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"up above\"}, {\"word\": \"whereabove\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"prepositions\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"en-prep\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"prep\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He always put his coat on above his sweater.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physically\", \"physically\"]]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"below\"}, {\"word\": \"beneath\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:\", \"text\": \"And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:\", \"text\": \"Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Idaho is above Utah.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Farther north than.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to cut above average\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"He was always above reproach.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"That's above my comprehension.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:\", \"text\": \"Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:\", \"text\": \"At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"links\": [[\"surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to stand head and shoulders above the rest\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:\", \"text\": \"☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, status, or position.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"Scottish English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"above and beyond the call of duty\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"over and above\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In addition to; besides.\"], \"links\": [[\"besides\", \"besides\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Scotland) In addition to; besides.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"That amount is way above our asking price.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than.\"], \"links\": [[\"Surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In preference to.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The owner was above taking more than a token salary.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;\"], \"links\": [[\"proud\", \"proud\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"], [\"disinclined\", \"disinclined\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Beyond; on the other side.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Theater\"], \"glosses\": [\"Upstage of.\"], \"links\": [[\"theater\", \"theater\"], [\"Upstage\", \"upstage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(theater) Upstage of.\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"theater\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"abe\", \"lang\": \"Abenaki\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Tasiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōg\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"csm\", \"lang\": \"Central Sierra Miwok\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"líl·e-m·yˀ\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-ugh dhe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"bovenop\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"sur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ufar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"apó páno\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"από πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"hupér\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"with-accusative\"], \"word\": \"ὑπέρ\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas de\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ishpayi'ii\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pdc\", \"lang\": \"Pennsylvania German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"owwe\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"pata\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"peste\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"iznad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"encima\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ovanför\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thod la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོད་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thog la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོག་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lart\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"mbi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"فَوقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"disuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"prisuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore na\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре на\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-visoko ot\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"по-високо от\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"a.pau\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"အပေါ်\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"damunt\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenover\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenpå\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"oppe over\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"hoger dan\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"üles\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylemmäs\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus de\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sore\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"anlè\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölött\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felett\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölé\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felé\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"alt\": \"...のうえに\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"... no ue ni\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...の上に\"}, {\"code\": \"jje\", \"lang\": \"Jeju\", \"roman\": \"u-i\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"우이\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...wi-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...위에\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...u-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"...우에\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"raserî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li hindavî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li ser\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"virs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"runga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"vartī\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"वरती\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pox\", \"lang\": \"Polabian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"em cima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"survart\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"soura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sesura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"süsur\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"with-instrumental\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"supra\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sùpira\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"górjejce\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"encima de\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"suso\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"asuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"mēlē\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"மேலே\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nʉ̌ʉa\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"เหนือ\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yukarıya\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... کے اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sovra\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"trên\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"dizeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lórí\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šamāliyy\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"شَمَالِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"ten noorden van\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"pohjoisempana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"out of reach, heightwise\", \"word\": \"ylle\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"výšej\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"вы́шэй\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pa-nád\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"па-на́д\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"visš\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"висш\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"par-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"di ser re\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"whakatamatama\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"utover\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prevýše\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"превы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"itaas\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"üstünde\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"ponad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"понад\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"poza\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"поза\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"een trapje hoger\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"met een hogere rang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"bovendien\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"daarenboven\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"lisäksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔakṯār\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"أَكْثٰر\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"osven tova\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"освен това\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"ošte poveče\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"още повече\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"plus de\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"zêdeyî\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"āṇkhī\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"आणखी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais que\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"svýše\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"свы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"za\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"daha\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"pus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"dipus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕalā\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"على\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"mieluummin (kuin)\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"pred\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"too proud or averse to\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"taaempana\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvǎd\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"отвъд\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"jenseits\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "prep",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above a bit\"}, {\"word\": \"above all\"}, {\"word\": \"above and beyond\"}, {\"word\": \"above average\"}, {\"word\": \"above-board\"}, {\"word\": \"above board\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedeck\"}, {\"word\": \"Above Derwent\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedescribed\"}, {\"word\": \"above grass\"}, {\"word\": \"above ground\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-ground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-line\"}, {\"word\": \"abovelisted\"}, {\"word\": \"above measure\"}, {\"word\": \"abovementioned\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveness\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's bend\"}, {\"word\": \"above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's huckleberry\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's pay grade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's paygrade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's station\"}, {\"word\": \"above par\"}, {\"word\": \"above proof\"}, {\"word\": \"above-stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestairs\"}, {\"word\": \"above stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestated\"}, {\"word\": \"above the curve\"}, {\"word\": \"above-the-fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fray\"}, {\"word\": \"above the law\"}, {\"word\": \"above the line\"}, {\"word\": \"above the rim\"}, {\"word\": \"above the salt\"}, {\"word\": \"above-water\"}, {\"word\": \"above water\"}, {\"word\": \"a notch above\"}, {\"word\": \"brood above\"}, {\"word\": \"Caesar's wife must be above suspicion\"}, {\"word\": \"cut above\"}, {\"word\": \"don't get above your raising\"}, {\"word\": \"get above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"gift from above\"}, {\"word\": \"heavens above\"}, {\"word\": \"height above average terrain\"}, {\"word\": \"hell from above\"}, {\"word\": \"hereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hit above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"hold one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"hook above\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above a persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above one's persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above the water\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"lie above\"}, {\"word\": \"over and above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"put one's head above the parapet\"}, {\"word\": \"rise above\"}, {\"word\": \"thereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"thereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"up above\"}, {\"word\": \"whereabove\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"prepositions\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"en-prep\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"prep\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He always put his coat on above his sweater.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physically\", \"physically\"]]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"below\"}, {\"word\": \"beneath\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:\", \"text\": \"And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:\", \"text\": \"Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Idaho is above Utah.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Farther north than.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to cut above average\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"He was always above reproach.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"That's above my comprehension.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:\", \"text\": \"Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:\", \"text\": \"At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"links\": [[\"surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to stand head and shoulders above the rest\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:\", \"text\": \"☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, status, or position.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"Scottish English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"above and beyond the call of duty\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"over and above\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In addition to; besides.\"], \"links\": [[\"besides\", \"besides\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Scotland) In addition to; besides.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"That amount is way above our asking price.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than.\"], \"links\": [[\"Surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In preference to.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The owner was above taking more than a token salary.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;\"], \"links\": [[\"proud\", \"proud\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"], [\"disinclined\", \"disinclined\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Beyond; on the other side.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Theater\"], \"glosses\": [\"Upstage of.\"], \"links\": [[\"theater\", \"theater\"], [\"Upstage\", \"upstage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(theater) Upstage of.\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"theater\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"abe\", \"lang\": \"Abenaki\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Tasiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōg\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"csm\", \"lang\": \"Central Sierra Miwok\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"líl·e-m·yˀ\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-ugh dhe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"bovenop\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"sur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ufar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"apó páno\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"από πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"hupér\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"with-accusative\"], \"word\": \"ὑπέρ\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas de\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ishpayi'ii\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pdc\", \"lang\": \"Pennsylvania German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"owwe\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"pata\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"peste\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"iznad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"encima\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ovanför\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thod la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོད་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thog la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོག་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lart\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"mbi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"فَوقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"disuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"prisuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore na\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре на\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-visoko ot\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"по-високо от\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"a.pau\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"အပေါ်\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"damunt\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenover\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenpå\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"oppe over\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"hoger dan\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"üles\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylemmäs\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus de\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sore\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"anlè\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölött\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felett\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölé\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felé\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"alt\": \"...のうえに\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"... no ue ni\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...の上に\"}, {\"code\": \"jje\", \"lang\": \"Jeju\", \"roman\": \"u-i\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"우이\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...wi-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...위에\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...u-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"...우에\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"raserî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li hindavî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li ser\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"virs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"runga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"vartī\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"वरती\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pox\", \"lang\": \"Polabian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"em cima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"survart\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"soura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sesura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"süsur\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"with-instrumental\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"supra\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sùpira\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"górjejce\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"encima de\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"suso\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"asuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"mēlē\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"மேலே\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nʉ̌ʉa\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"เหนือ\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yukarıya\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... کے اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sovra\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"trên\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"dizeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lórí\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šamāliyy\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"شَمَالِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"ten noorden van\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"pohjoisempana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"out of reach, heightwise\", \"word\": \"ylle\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"výšej\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"вы́шэй\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pa-nád\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"па-на́д\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"visš\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"висш\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"par-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"di ser re\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"whakatamatama\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"utover\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prevýše\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"превы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"itaas\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"üstünde\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"ponad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"понад\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"poza\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"поза\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"een trapje hoger\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"met een hogere rang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"bovendien\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"daarenboven\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"lisäksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔakṯār\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"أَكْثٰر\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"osven tova\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"освен това\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"ošte poveče\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"още повече\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"plus de\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"zêdeyî\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"āṇkhī\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"आणखी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais que\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"svýše\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"свы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"za\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"daha\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"pus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"dipus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕalā\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"على\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"mieluummin (kuin)\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"pred\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"too proud or averse to\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"taaempana\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvǎd\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"отвъд\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"jenseits\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "prep",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Hijazi-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above a bit\"}, {\"word\": \"above all\"}, {\"word\": \"above and beyond\"}, {\"word\": \"above average\"}, {\"word\": \"above-board\"}, {\"word\": \"above board\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedeck\"}, {\"word\": \"Above Derwent\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedescribed\"}, {\"word\": \"above grass\"}, {\"word\": \"above ground\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-ground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-line\"}, {\"word\": \"abovelisted\"}, {\"word\": \"above measure\"}, {\"word\": \"abovementioned\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveness\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's bend\"}, {\"word\": \"above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's huckleberry\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's pay grade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's paygrade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's station\"}, {\"word\": \"above par\"}, {\"word\": \"above proof\"}, {\"word\": \"above-stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestairs\"}, {\"word\": \"above stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestated\"}, {\"word\": \"above the curve\"}, {\"word\": \"above-the-fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fray\"}, {\"word\": \"above the law\"}, {\"word\": \"above the line\"}, {\"word\": \"above the rim\"}, {\"word\": \"above the salt\"}, {\"word\": \"above-water\"}, {\"word\": \"above water\"}, {\"word\": \"a notch above\"}, {\"word\": \"brood above\"}, {\"word\": \"Caesar's wife must be above suspicion\"}, {\"word\": \"cut above\"}, {\"word\": \"don't get above your raising\"}, {\"word\": \"get above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"gift from above\"}, {\"word\": \"heavens above\"}, {\"word\": \"height above average terrain\"}, {\"word\": \"hell from above\"}, {\"word\": \"hereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hit above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"hold one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"hook above\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above a persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above one's persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above the water\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"lie above\"}, {\"word\": \"over and above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"put one's head above the parapet\"}, {\"word\": \"rise above\"}, {\"word\": \"thereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"thereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"up above\"}, {\"word\": \"whereabove\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"prepositions\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"en-prep\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"prep\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He always put his coat on above his sweater.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physically\", \"physically\"]]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"below\"}, {\"word\": \"beneath\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:\", \"text\": \"And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:\", \"text\": \"Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Idaho is above Utah.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Farther north than.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to cut above average\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"He was always above reproach.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"That's above my comprehension.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:\", \"text\": \"Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:\", \"text\": \"At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"links\": [[\"surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to stand head and shoulders above the rest\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:\", \"text\": \"☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, status, or position.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"Scottish English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"above and beyond the call of duty\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"over and above\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In addition to; besides.\"], \"links\": [[\"besides\", \"besides\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Scotland) In addition to; besides.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"That amount is way above our asking price.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than.\"], \"links\": [[\"Surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In preference to.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The owner was above taking more than a token salary.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;\"], \"links\": [[\"proud\", \"proud\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"], [\"disinclined\", \"disinclined\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Beyond; on the other side.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Theater\"], \"glosses\": [\"Upstage of.\"], \"links\": [[\"theater\", \"theater\"], [\"Upstage\", \"upstage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(theater) Upstage of.\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"theater\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"abe\", \"lang\": \"Abenaki\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Tasiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōg\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"csm\", \"lang\": \"Central Sierra Miwok\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"líl·e-m·yˀ\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-ugh dhe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"bovenop\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"sur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ufar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"apó páno\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"από πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"hupér\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"with-accusative\"], \"word\": \"ὑπέρ\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas de\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ishpayi'ii\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pdc\", \"lang\": \"Pennsylvania German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"owwe\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"pata\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"peste\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"iznad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"encima\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ovanför\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thod la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོད་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thog la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོག་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lart\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"mbi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"فَوقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"disuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"prisuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore na\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре на\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-visoko ot\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"по-високо от\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"a.pau\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"အပေါ်\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"damunt\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenover\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenpå\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"oppe over\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"hoger dan\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"üles\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylemmäs\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus de\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sore\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"anlè\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölött\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felett\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölé\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felé\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"alt\": \"...のうえに\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"... no ue ni\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...の上に\"}, {\"code\": \"jje\", \"lang\": \"Jeju\", \"roman\": \"u-i\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"우이\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...wi-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...위에\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...u-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"...우에\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"raserî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li hindavî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li ser\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"virs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"runga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"vartī\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"वरती\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pox\", \"lang\": \"Polabian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"em cima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"survart\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"soura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sesura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"süsur\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"with-instrumental\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"supra\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sùpira\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"górjejce\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"encima de\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"suso\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"asuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"mēlē\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"மேலே\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nʉ̌ʉa\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"เหนือ\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yukarıya\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... کے اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sovra\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"trên\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"dizeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lórí\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šamāliyy\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"شَمَالِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"ten noorden van\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"pohjoisempana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"out of reach, heightwise\", \"word\": \"ylle\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"výšej\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"вы́шэй\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pa-nád\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"па-на́д\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"visš\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"висш\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"par-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"di ser re\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"whakatamatama\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"utover\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prevýše\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"превы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"itaas\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"üstünde\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"ponad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"понад\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"poza\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"поза\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"een trapje hoger\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"met een hogere rang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"bovendien\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"daarenboven\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"lisäksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔakṯār\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"أَكْثٰر\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"osven tova\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"освен това\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"ošte poveče\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"още повече\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"plus de\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"zêdeyî\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"āṇkhī\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"आणखी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais que\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"svýše\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"свы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"za\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"daha\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"pus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"dipus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕalā\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"على\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"mieluummin (kuin)\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"pred\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"too proud or averse to\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"taaempana\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvǎd\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"отвъд\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"jenseits\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "prep",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above a bit\"}, {\"word\": \"above all\"}, {\"word\": \"above and beyond\"}, {\"word\": \"above average\"}, {\"word\": \"above-board\"}, {\"word\": \"above board\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedeck\"}, {\"word\": \"Above Derwent\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedescribed\"}, {\"word\": \"above grass\"}, {\"word\": \"above ground\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-ground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-line\"}, {\"word\": \"abovelisted\"}, {\"word\": \"above measure\"}, {\"word\": \"abovementioned\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveness\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's bend\"}, {\"word\": \"above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's huckleberry\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's pay grade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's paygrade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's station\"}, {\"word\": \"above par\"}, {\"word\": \"above proof\"}, {\"word\": \"above-stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestairs\"}, {\"word\": \"above stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestated\"}, {\"word\": \"above the curve\"}, {\"word\": \"above-the-fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fray\"}, {\"word\": \"above the law\"}, {\"word\": \"above the line\"}, {\"word\": \"above the rim\"}, {\"word\": \"above the salt\"}, {\"word\": \"above-water\"}, {\"word\": \"above water\"}, {\"word\": \"a notch above\"}, {\"word\": \"brood above\"}, {\"word\": \"Caesar's wife must be above suspicion\"}, {\"word\": \"cut above\"}, {\"word\": \"don't get above your raising\"}, {\"word\": \"get above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"gift from above\"}, {\"word\": \"heavens above\"}, {\"word\": \"height above average terrain\"}, {\"word\": \"hell from above\"}, {\"word\": \"hereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hit above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"hold one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"hook above\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above a persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above one's persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above the water\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"lie above\"}, {\"word\": \"over and above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"put one's head above the parapet\"}, {\"word\": \"rise above\"}, {\"word\": \"thereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"thereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"up above\"}, {\"word\": \"whereabove\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"prepositions\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"en-prep\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"prep\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He always put his coat on above his sweater.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physically\", \"physically\"]]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"below\"}, {\"word\": \"beneath\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:\", \"text\": \"And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:\", \"text\": \"Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Idaho is above Utah.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Farther north than.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to cut above average\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"He was always above reproach.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"That's above my comprehension.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:\", \"text\": \"Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:\", \"text\": \"At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"links\": [[\"surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to stand head and shoulders above the rest\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:\", \"text\": \"☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, status, or position.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"Scottish English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"above and beyond the call of duty\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"over and above\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In addition to; besides.\"], \"links\": [[\"besides\", \"besides\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Scotland) In addition to; besides.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"That amount is way above our asking price.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than.\"], \"links\": [[\"Surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In preference to.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The owner was above taking more than a token salary.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;\"], \"links\": [[\"proud\", \"proud\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"], [\"disinclined\", \"disinclined\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Beyond; on the other side.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Theater\"], \"glosses\": [\"Upstage of.\"], \"links\": [[\"theater\", \"theater\"], [\"Upstage\", \"upstage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(theater) Upstage of.\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"theater\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"abe\", \"lang\": \"Abenaki\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Tasiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōg\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"csm\", \"lang\": \"Central Sierra Miwok\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"líl·e-m·yˀ\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-ugh dhe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"bovenop\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"sur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ufar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"apó páno\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"από πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"hupér\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"with-accusative\"], \"word\": \"ὑπέρ\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas de\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ishpayi'ii\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pdc\", \"lang\": \"Pennsylvania German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"owwe\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"pata\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"peste\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"iznad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"encima\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ovanför\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thod la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོད་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thog la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོག་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lart\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"mbi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"فَوقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"disuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"prisuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore na\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре на\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-visoko ot\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"по-високо от\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"a.pau\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"အပေါ်\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"damunt\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenover\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenpå\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"oppe over\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"hoger dan\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"üles\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylemmäs\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus de\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sore\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"anlè\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölött\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felett\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölé\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felé\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"alt\": \"...のうえに\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"... no ue ni\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...の上に\"}, {\"code\": \"jje\", \"lang\": \"Jeju\", \"roman\": \"u-i\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"우이\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...wi-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...위에\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...u-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"...우에\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"raserî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li hindavî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li ser\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"virs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"runga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"vartī\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"वरती\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pox\", \"lang\": \"Polabian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"em cima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"survart\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"soura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sesura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"süsur\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"with-instrumental\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"supra\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sùpira\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"górjejce\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"encima de\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"suso\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"asuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"mēlē\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"மேலே\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nʉ̌ʉa\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"เหนือ\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yukarıya\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... کے اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sovra\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"trên\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"dizeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lórí\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šamāliyy\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"شَمَالِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"ten noorden van\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"pohjoisempana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"out of reach, heightwise\", \"word\": \"ylle\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"výšej\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"вы́шэй\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pa-nád\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"па-на́д\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"visš\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"висш\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"par-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"di ser re\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"whakatamatama\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"utover\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prevýše\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"превы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"itaas\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"üstünde\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"ponad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"понад\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"poza\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"поза\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"een trapje hoger\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"met een hogere rang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"bovendien\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"daarenboven\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"lisäksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔakṯār\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"أَكْثٰر\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"osven tova\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"освен това\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"ošte poveče\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"още повече\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"plus de\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"zêdeyî\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"āṇkhī\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"आणखी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais que\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"svýše\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"свы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"za\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"daha\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"pus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"dipus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕalā\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"على\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"mieluummin (kuin)\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"pred\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"too proud or averse to\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"taaempana\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvǎd\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"отвъд\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"jenseits\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "prep",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/prep: invalid uppercase tag North-Korea not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above a bit\"}, {\"word\": \"above all\"}, {\"word\": \"above and beyond\"}, {\"word\": \"above average\"}, {\"word\": \"above-board\"}, {\"word\": \"above board\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedeck\"}, {\"word\": \"Above Derwent\"}, {\"word\": \"abovedescribed\"}, {\"word\": \"above grass\"}, {\"word\": \"above ground\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-ground\"}, {\"word\": \"above-line\"}, {\"word\": \"abovelisted\"}, {\"word\": \"above measure\"}, {\"word\": \"abovementioned\"}, {\"word\": \"aboveness\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's bend\"}, {\"word\": \"above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's huckleberry\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's pay grade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's paygrade\"}, {\"word\": \"above one's station\"}, {\"word\": \"above par\"}, {\"word\": \"above proof\"}, {\"word\": \"above-stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestairs\"}, {\"word\": \"above stairs\"}, {\"word\": \"abovestated\"}, {\"word\": \"above the curve\"}, {\"word\": \"above-the-fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fold\"}, {\"word\": \"above the fray\"}, {\"word\": \"above the law\"}, {\"word\": \"above the line\"}, {\"word\": \"above the rim\"}, {\"word\": \"above the salt\"}, {\"word\": \"above-water\"}, {\"word\": \"above water\"}, {\"word\": \"a notch above\"}, {\"word\": \"brood above\"}, {\"word\": \"Caesar's wife must be above suspicion\"}, {\"word\": \"cut above\"}, {\"word\": \"don't get above your raising\"}, {\"word\": \"get above oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"gift from above\"}, {\"word\": \"heavens above\"}, {\"word\": \"height above average terrain\"}, {\"word\": \"hell from above\"}, {\"word\": \"hereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"hit above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"hold one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"hook above\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above a persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"huckleberry above one's persimmon\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above the water\"}, {\"word\": \"keep one's head above water\"}, {\"word\": \"lie above\"}, {\"word\": \"over and above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above\"}, {\"word\": \"punch above one's weight\"}, {\"word\": \"put one's head above the parapet\"}, {\"word\": \"rise above\"}, {\"word\": \"thereabove\"}, {\"word\": \"thereinabove\"}, {\"word\": \"up above\"}, {\"word\": \"whereabove\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"prepositions\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"above\", \"name\": \"en-prep\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"prep\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He always put his coat on above his sweater.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Physically over; on top of; worn on top of, said of clothing.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physically\", \"physically\"]]}, {\"antonyms\": [{\"word\": \"below\"}, {\"word\": \"beneath\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:20:\", \"text\": \"And God said, Let the waters bring foorth aboundantly the mouing creature that hath life, and foule that may flie aboue the earth in the open firmament of heauen.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, […] and the light of the reflector fell full upon her.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:\", \"text\": \"Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In or to a higher place; higher than; on or over the upper surface.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Idaho is above Utah.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Farther north than.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Rising; appearing out of reach height-wise.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to cut above average\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"Even the chief of police is not above suspicion.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"He was always above reproach.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I thought you said you were above these kinds of antics.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"That's above my comprehension.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1594, Christopher Marlowe, Edward II, act I, scene i:\", \"text\": \"Thy worth, sweet friend, is far above my gifts,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 26:13:\", \"text\": \"At midday, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, above the brightnes of the Sunne, shining round about mee, and them which iourneyed with me.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"links\": [[\"surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Higher than; superior to in any respect; surpassing; higher in measure, degree, volume, or pitch, etc. than; out of reach; not exposed to; not likely to be affected by; incapable of negative actions or thoughts.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to stand head and shoulders above the rest\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] , London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, →OCLC, page 557:\", \"text\": \"☞ This word [wrap] is often pronounced wrop, rhyming with top, even by ſpeakers much above the vulgar.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, status, or position.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"Scottish English\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"above and beyond the call of duty\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"over and above\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"In addition to; besides.\"], \"links\": [[\"besides\", \"besides\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Scotland) In addition to; besides.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"That amount is way above our asking price.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Surpassing in number or quantity; more than.\"], \"links\": [[\"Surpassing\", \"surpassing\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In preference to.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The owner was above taking more than a token salary.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Too proud to stoop to; averse to; disinclined towards;\"], \"links\": [[\"proud\", \"proud\"], [\"averse\", \"averse\"], [\"disinclined\", \"disinclined\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Beyond; on the other side.\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Theater\"], \"glosses\": [\"Upstage of.\"], \"links\": [[\"theater\", \"theater\"], [\"Upstage\", \"upstage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(theater) Upstage of.\"], \"topics\": [\"entertainment\", \"lifestyle\", \"theater\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"abe\", \"lang\": \"Abenaki\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Tasiwi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōg\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"csm\", \"lang\": \"Central Sierra Miwok\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"líl·e-m·yˀ\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-ugh dhe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"bovenop\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"sur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ufar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"apó páno\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"από πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"hupér\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"tags\": [\"with-accusative\"], \"word\": \"ὑπέρ\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas de\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ishpayi'ii\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pdc\", \"lang\": \"Pennsylvania German\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"owwe\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"pata\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"peste\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"iznad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"na\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"encima\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ovanför\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thod la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོད་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"thog la\", \"sense\": \"over, on top of\", \"word\": \"ཐོག་ལ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lart\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"mbi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"فَوقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"fōʔ\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"فوق\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"disuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"rup\", \"lang\": \"Aromanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"prisuprã\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore na\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре на\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-visoko ot\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"по-високо от\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"a.pau\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"အပေါ်\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"damunt\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²...soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenover\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenpå\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"oppe over\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"hoger dan\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"üles\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"päällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylemmäs\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus de\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sore\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"ht\", \"lang\": \"Haitian Creole\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"anlè\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... के ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölött\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felett\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"fölé\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"felé\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"alt\": \"...のうえに\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"... no ue ni\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...の上に\"}, {\"code\": \"jje\", \"lang\": \"Jeju\", \"roman\": \"u-i\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"우이\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...wi-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"...위에\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"...u-e\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"...우에\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"raserî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li hindavî\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"li ser\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"virs\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"atas\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"runga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"vartī\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"वरती\"}, {\"code\": \"gun\", \"lang\": \"Mbyá Guaraní\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"áry\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"yukarı\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"یوقاری\"}, {\"code\": \"pox\", \"lang\": \"Polabian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"em cima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"survart\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"soura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sesura\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"süsur\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"with-instrumental\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"supra\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sùpira\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"górjejce\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"encima de\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"suso\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"asuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"över\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"mēlē\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"மேலே\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nʉ̌ʉa\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"เหนือ\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"yukarıya\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"... ke ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"... کے اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sovra\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"trên\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"dizeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"yo\", \"lang\": \"Yoruba\", \"sense\": \"in or to a higher place\", \"word\": \"lórí\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šamāliyy\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"شَمَالِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hai²…soeng⁶ bin⁶\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"喺…上便\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zài...shàngmiàn\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"在...上面\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"ten noorden van\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"farther north\", \"word\": \"pohjoisempana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"out of reach, heightwise\", \"word\": \"ylle\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔaʕlā\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"أَعْلَى\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"výšej\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"вы́шэй\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"pa-nád\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"па-на́д\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"над\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"visš\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"висш\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"par-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"di ser re\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"whakatamatama\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"utover\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"prevýše\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"превы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"itaas\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"üstünde\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"ponad\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"понад\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"poza\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"поза\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"superior to, surpassing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu di\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"een trapje hoger\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"met een hogere rang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"bovendien\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"daarenboven\"}, {\"code\": \"egy\", \"lang\": \"Egyptian\", \"roman\": \"ḥr\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"Hr:Z1\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in addition to\", \"word\": \"lisäksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔakṯār\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"أَكْثٰر\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"osven tova\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"освен това\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"ošte poveče\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"още повече\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"meer dan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"plus de\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"alt\": \"me`ál\", \"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"מעל\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"zêdeyî\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"āṇkhī\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"आणखी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"ponad\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"acima de\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais que\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"mais de\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"svýše\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"свы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"abune\"}, {\"code\": \"sco\", \"lang\": \"Scots\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"aboon\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"za\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"nad\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"sobre\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"daha\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"pus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"dipus ki\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʕalā\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"على\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"mieluummin (kuin)\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in preference to\", \"word\": \"pred\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"too proud or averse to\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"upstage of\", \"word\": \"taaempana\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otvǎd\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"отвъд\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"takana\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"über\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"beyond\", \"word\": \"jenseits\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "prep",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above-cited\"}, {\"word\": \"above-described\"}, {\"word\": \"above-given\"}, {\"word\": \"above-mentioned\"}, {\"word\": \"above-named\"}, {\"word\": \"above-quoted\"}, {\"word\": \"above-said\"}, {\"word\": \"above-specified\"}, {\"word\": \"above-written\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adv\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adv\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80:\", \"text\": \"Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Directly overhead; vertically on top of.\"], \"links\": [[\"overhead\", \"overhead\"]], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1913, Ambrose Bierce, Present at a Hanging and Other Ghost Stories:\", \"text\": \"Nobody has lived in it since the summer of 1879, and it is fast going to pieces. For some three years before the date mentioned above, it was occupied by the family of Charles May\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1905, Emanuel Swedenborg, chapter 19, in Heaven and Hell:\", \"text\": \"That angels are men in the most complete form, and enjoy every sense, may be seen above (n. 73-77); and that the light in heaven is far brighter than the light in the world (n. 126-132).\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He’s in a better place now, floating free as the clouds above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Into or from heaven; in the sky.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In a higher place; upstairs; farther upstream.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He appealed to the court above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, power, or position.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"In addition.\"], \"links\": [[\"addition\", \"addition\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) In addition.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"not-comparable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"More in number.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"It was a cold day at only 5 above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Above zero; above freezing.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Biology\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The sparrow I saw was rufous above and off-white below.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"dorsal\", \"dorsal\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(biology) On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ceb\", \"lang\": \"Cebuano\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-vann\"}, {\"code\": \"gur\", \"lang\": \"Farefare\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"zuum\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"en haut\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"iupa\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"note\": \"ὑπεράνω (huperánō, literally “far above”)\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"epánō\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ἐπάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"fent\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"insuper\"}, {\"code\": \"lmo\", \"lang\": \"Lombard\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"mqy\", \"lang\": \"Manggarai\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"eta\"}, {\"code\": \"msk\", \"lang\": \"Mansaka\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"taas\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"kauc\"}, {\"code\": \"uga\", \"lang\": \"Ugaritic\", \"roman\": \"ʿln\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐎓𐎍𐎐\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"dissu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"mbb\", \"lang\": \"Western Bukidnon Manobo\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"bavew\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oybn\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"אויבן\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oyvn\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"אויוון\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"edellä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"ci-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"früher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"vorher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"výše\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"вы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"vyššie\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"zgôraj\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"divant\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"cial ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"å hôt\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"navjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"наве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"uvjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"уве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"ŭvjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ўве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gore\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"dalt\"}, {\"code\": \"ccc\", \"lang\": \"Chamicuro\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"i'yijku shana\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"hierboven\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylhäällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"korkealla\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"höher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"darüber\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"fent\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"felül\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"thuas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"para cima\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naverxú\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"наверху́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vverxú\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вверху́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"výše\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"hore\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"vyššie\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"povyše\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"zgôraj\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"vyšče\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вище\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"al copete\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"padzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchlaw\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oybn\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"אויבן\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"s po-visok rang\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"с по-висок ранг\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"高於\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gāoyú\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"高于\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"olla ylempiarvoinen kuin\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ranghöher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"vorgesetzt\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"høyere\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"pus hôt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"archaic: in addition\", \"word\": \"ynnä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"above freezing\", \"word\": \"yli nollan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"on the upper half of the dorsal surface\", \"word\": \"päältä\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adv",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above-cited\"}, {\"word\": \"above-described\"}, {\"word\": \"above-given\"}, {\"word\": \"above-mentioned\"}, {\"word\": \"above-named\"}, {\"word\": \"above-quoted\"}, {\"word\": \"above-said\"}, {\"word\": \"above-specified\"}, {\"word\": \"above-written\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adv\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adv\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80:\", \"text\": \"Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Directly overhead; vertically on top of.\"], \"links\": [[\"overhead\", \"overhead\"]], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1913, Ambrose Bierce, Present at a Hanging and Other Ghost Stories:\", \"text\": \"Nobody has lived in it since the summer of 1879, and it is fast going to pieces. For some three years before the date mentioned above, it was occupied by the family of Charles May\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1905, Emanuel Swedenborg, chapter 19, in Heaven and Hell:\", \"text\": \"That angels are men in the most complete form, and enjoy every sense, may be seen above (n. 73-77); and that the light in heaven is far brighter than the light in the world (n. 126-132).\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He’s in a better place now, floating free as the clouds above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Into or from heaven; in the sky.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In a higher place; upstairs; farther upstream.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He appealed to the court above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, power, or position.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"In addition.\"], \"links\": [[\"addition\", \"addition\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) In addition.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"not-comparable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"More in number.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"It was a cold day at only 5 above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Above zero; above freezing.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Biology\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The sparrow I saw was rufous above and off-white below.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"dorsal\", \"dorsal\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(biology) On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ceb\", \"lang\": \"Cebuano\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-vann\"}, {\"code\": \"gur\", \"lang\": \"Farefare\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"zuum\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"en haut\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"iupa\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"note\": \"ὑπεράνω (huperánō, literally “far above”)\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"epánō\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ἐπάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"fent\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"insuper\"}, {\"code\": \"lmo\", \"lang\": \"Lombard\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"mqy\", \"lang\": \"Manggarai\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"eta\"}, {\"code\": \"msk\", \"lang\": \"Mansaka\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"taas\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"kauc\"}, {\"code\": \"uga\", \"lang\": \"Ugaritic\", \"roman\": \"ʿln\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐎓𐎍𐎐\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"dissu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"mbb\", \"lang\": \"Western Bukidnon Manobo\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"bavew\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oybn\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"אויבן\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oyvn\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"אויוון\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"edellä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"ci-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"früher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"vorher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"výše\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"вы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"vyššie\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"zgôraj\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"divant\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"cial ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"å hôt\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"navjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"наве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"uvjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"уве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"ŭvjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ўве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gore\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"dalt\"}, {\"code\": \"ccc\", \"lang\": \"Chamicuro\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"i'yijku shana\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"hierboven\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylhäällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"korkealla\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"höher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"darüber\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"fent\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"felül\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"thuas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"para cima\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naverxú\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"наверху́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vverxú\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вверху́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"výše\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"hore\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"vyššie\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"povyše\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"zgôraj\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"vyšče\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вище\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"al copete\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"padzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchlaw\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oybn\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"אויבן\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"s po-visok rang\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"с по-висок ранг\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"高於\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gāoyú\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"高于\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"olla ylempiarvoinen kuin\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ranghöher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"vorgesetzt\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"høyere\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"pus hôt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"archaic: in addition\", \"word\": \"ynnä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"above freezing\", \"word\": \"yli nollan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"on the upper half of the dorsal surface\", \"word\": \"päältä\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adv",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above-cited\"}, {\"word\": \"above-described\"}, {\"word\": \"above-given\"}, {\"word\": \"above-mentioned\"}, {\"word\": \"above-named\"}, {\"word\": \"above-quoted\"}, {\"word\": \"above-said\"}, {\"word\": \"above-specified\"}, {\"word\": \"above-written\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adv\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adv\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80:\", \"text\": \"Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Directly overhead; vertically on top of.\"], \"links\": [[\"overhead\", \"overhead\"]], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1913, Ambrose Bierce, Present at a Hanging and Other Ghost Stories:\", \"text\": \"Nobody has lived in it since the summer of 1879, and it is fast going to pieces. For some three years before the date mentioned above, it was occupied by the family of Charles May\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1905, Emanuel Swedenborg, chapter 19, in Heaven and Hell:\", \"text\": \"That angels are men in the most complete form, and enjoy every sense, may be seen above (n. 73-77); and that the light in heaven is far brighter than the light in the world (n. 126-132).\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He’s in a better place now, floating free as the clouds above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Into or from heaven; in the sky.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In a higher place; upstairs; farther upstream.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He appealed to the court above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, power, or position.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"In addition.\"], \"links\": [[\"addition\", \"addition\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) In addition.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"not-comparable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"More in number.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"It was a cold day at only 5 above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Above zero; above freezing.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Biology\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The sparrow I saw was rufous above and off-white below.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"dorsal\", \"dorsal\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(biology) On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ceb\", \"lang\": \"Cebuano\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-vann\"}, {\"code\": \"gur\", \"lang\": \"Farefare\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"zuum\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"en haut\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"iupa\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"note\": \"ὑπεράνω (huperánō, literally “far above”)\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"epánō\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ἐπάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"fent\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"insuper\"}, {\"code\": \"lmo\", \"lang\": \"Lombard\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"mqy\", \"lang\": \"Manggarai\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"eta\"}, {\"code\": \"msk\", \"lang\": \"Mansaka\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"taas\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"kauc\"}, {\"code\": \"uga\", \"lang\": \"Ugaritic\", \"roman\": \"ʿln\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐎓𐎍𐎐\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"dissu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"mbb\", \"lang\": \"Western Bukidnon Manobo\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"bavew\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oybn\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"אויבן\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oyvn\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"אויוון\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"edellä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"ci-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"früher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"vorher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"výše\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"вы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"vyššie\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"zgôraj\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"divant\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"cial ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"å hôt\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"navjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"наве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"uvjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"уве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"ŭvjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ўве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gore\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"dalt\"}, {\"code\": \"ccc\", \"lang\": \"Chamicuro\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"i'yijku shana\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"hierboven\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylhäällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"korkealla\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"höher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"darüber\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"fent\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"felül\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"thuas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"para cima\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naverxú\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"наверху́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vverxú\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вверху́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"výše\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"hore\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"vyššie\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"povyše\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"zgôraj\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"vyšče\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вище\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"al copete\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"padzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchlaw\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oybn\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"אויבן\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"s po-visok rang\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"с по-висок ранг\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"高於\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gāoyú\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"高于\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"olla ylempiarvoinen kuin\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ranghöher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"vorgesetzt\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"høyere\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"pus hôt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"archaic: in addition\", \"word\": \"ynnä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"above freezing\", \"word\": \"yli nollan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"on the upper half of the dorsal surface\", \"word\": \"päältä\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adv",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "above/English/adv: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"note\": \"\\u1f51\\u03c0\\u03b5\\u03c1\\u03ac\\u03bd\\u03c9 (huper\\u00e1n\\u014d, literally \\u201cfar above\\u201d)\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\"}: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"above-cited\"}, {\"word\": \"above-described\"}, {\"word\": \"above-given\"}, {\"word\": \"above-mentioned\"}, {\"word\": \"above-named\"}, {\"word\": \"above-quoted\"}, {\"word\": \"above-said\"}, {\"word\": \"above-specified\"}, {\"word\": \"above-written\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adv\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adv\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013 May 11, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8835, page 80:\", \"text\": \"Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Directly overhead; vertically on top of.\"], \"links\": [[\"overhead\", \"overhead\"]], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1913, Ambrose Bierce, Present at a Hanging and Other Ghost Stories:\", \"text\": \"Nobody has lived in it since the summer of 1879, and it is fast going to pieces. For some three years before the date mentioned above, it was occupied by the family of Charles May\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1905, Emanuel Swedenborg, chapter 19, in Heaven and Hell:\", \"text\": \"That angels are men in the most complete form, and enjoy every sense, may be seen above (n. 73-77); and that the light in heaven is far brighter than the light in the world (n. 126-132).\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in the same page; earlier in the order as far as writing products go.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He’s in a better place now, floating free as the clouds above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Into or from heaven; in the sky.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"In a higher place; upstairs; farther upstream.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He appealed to the court above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Higher in rank, power, or position.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"In addition.\"], \"links\": [[\"addition\", \"addition\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) In addition.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"not-comparable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"More in number.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"It was a cold day at only 5 above.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Above zero; above freezing.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Biology\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The sparrow I saw was rufous above and off-white below.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"dorsal\", \"dorsal\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(biology) On the upper half or the dorsal surface of an animal.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ceb\", \"lang\": \"Cebuano\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ibabaw\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"a-vann\"}, {\"code\": \"gur\", \"lang\": \"Farefare\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"zuum\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"en haut\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"iupa\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"note\": \"ὑπεράνω (huperánō, literally “far above”)\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"epánō\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ἐπάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"fent\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"lastuas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"sopra\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"insuper\"}, {\"code\": \"lmo\", \"lang\": \"Lombard\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"sora\"}, {\"code\": \"mqy\", \"lang\": \"Manggarai\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"eta\"}, {\"code\": \"msk\", \"lang\": \"Mansaka\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"taas\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"kauc\"}, {\"code\": \"uga\", \"lang\": \"Ugaritic\", \"roman\": \"ʿln\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"𐎓𐎍𐎐\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"dissu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"mbb\", \"lang\": \"Western Bukidnon Manobo\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"bavew\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oybn\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"אויבן\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oyvn\", \"sense\": \"overhead, on top of\", \"word\": \"אויוון\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"edellä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"ci-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"früher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"vorher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"výše\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"вы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"vyššie\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"zgôraj\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"divant\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"earlier in order in writing\", \"word\": \"cial ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"yllä\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"å hôt\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"of or in the heavens or sky\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"navjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"наве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"uvjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"уве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"ŭvjérsje\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ўве́рсе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gore\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"otgore\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"отгоре\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"dalt\"}, {\"code\": \"ccc\", \"lang\": \"Chamicuro\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"i'yijku shana\"}, {\"code\": \"cic\", \"lang\": \"Chickasaw\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"aba'\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"boven\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"hierboven\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ylhäällä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"korkealla\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"au-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"höher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"oben\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"darüber\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"páno\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"πάνω\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ऊपर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"fent\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"felül\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"thuas\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"os cionn\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"super\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"bikáaʼgi\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ovenfor\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"over\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"powyżej\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"para cima\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"deasupra\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"naverxú\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"наверху́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vverxú\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вверху́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"výše\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вы́ше\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"hore\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"vyššie\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"povyše\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"zgôraj\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"arriba\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"vyšče\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"вище\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"ūpar\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"اوپر\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"al copete\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"padzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchben\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"uwchlaw\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"oybn\", \"sense\": \"in a higher place\", \"word\": \"אויבן\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"po-gore\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"по-горе\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"s po-visok rang\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"с по-висок ранг\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"高於\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gāoyú\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"高于\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"výše\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ylempänä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"yläpuolella\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"olla ylempiarvoinen kuin\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ranghöher\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"vorgesetzt\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"suprā\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"høyere\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"acima\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"ådzeu\"}, {\"code\": \"wa\", \"lang\": \"Walloon\", \"sense\": \"higher in rank\", \"word\": \"pus hôt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"archaic: in addition\", \"word\": \"ynnä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"more\", \"word\": \"yli\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"above freezing\", \"word\": \"yli nollan\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"on the upper half of the dorsal surface\", \"word\": \"päältä\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adv",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"Of heaven; heavenly.\"], \"links\": [[\"heavenly\", \"heavenly\"]], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English ellipses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"links\": [[\"ellipsis\", \"ellipsis\"]], \"qualifier\": \"by ellipsis\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"heavenly\", \"word\": \"hemels in de lucht\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"heavenly\", \"word\": \"taivaallinen\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shàngshù\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"上述\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ovenstående\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"bovenstaand\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"eerder genoemd\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"bovenvermeld\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ylempänä (oleva)\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ci-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"augšā\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"powyższy\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"predchádzajúci\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"Of heaven; heavenly.\"], \"links\": [[\"heavenly\", \"heavenly\"]], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English ellipses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"links\": [[\"ellipsis\", \"ellipsis\"]], \"qualifier\": \"by ellipsis\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"heavenly\", \"word\": \"hemels in de lucht\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"heavenly\", \"word\": \"taivaallinen\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shàngshù\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"上述\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ovenstående\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"bovenstaand\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"eerder genoemd\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"bovenvermeld\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ylempänä (oleva)\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ci-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"augšā\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"powyższy\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"predchádzajúci\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"Of heaven; heavenly.\"], \"links\": [[\"heavenly\", \"heavenly\"]], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English ellipses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"links\": [[\"ellipsis\", \"ellipsis\"]], \"qualifier\": \"by ellipsis\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(by ellipsis) Being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"heavenly\", \"word\": \"hemels in de lucht\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"heavenly\", \"word\": \"taivaallinen\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"shàngshù\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"上述\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ovenstående\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"bovenstaand\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"eerder genoemd\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"bovenvermeld\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ylempänä (oleva)\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"ci-dessus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"augšā\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"powyższy\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"being located higher on the same page or on a preceding page\", \"word\": \"predchádzajúci\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (uncountable)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abovesaid\"}, {\"word\": \"aboves'd\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1998, “Twinz”, in Capital Punishment, performed by Big Pun and Fat Joe:\", \"text\": \"A brother from another mother, sent from the above.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Heaven.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Something, especially a person's name in legal documents, that appears higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Higher authority.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1896, William Morris, The Well at the World's End:\", \"text\": \"Withal they saw of him that he had no doubt but that they should come to their above on the morrow,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"betterment, raised status or condition.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) betterment, raised status or condition.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gorespomenat\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"гореспоменат\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"vyšší\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"yllä mainittu\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"edellä mainittu\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"fentemlített\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"iepriekšminētais\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vyšeupomjánutyj\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"вышеупомя́нутый\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (uncountable)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abovesaid\"}, {\"word\": \"aboves'd\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1998, “Twinz”, in Capital Punishment, performed by Big Pun and Fat Joe:\", \"text\": \"A brother from another mother, sent from the above.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Heaven.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Something, especially a person's name in legal documents, that appears higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Higher authority.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1896, William Morris, The Well at the World's End:\", \"text\": \"Withal they saw of him that he had no doubt but that they should come to their above on the morrow,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"betterment, raised status or condition.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) betterment, raised status or condition.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gorespomenat\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"гореспоменат\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"vyšší\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"yllä mainittu\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"edellä mainittu\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"fentemlített\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"iepriekšminētais\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vyšeupomjánutyj\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"вышеупомя́нутый\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "above/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Ancient Greek terms with non-redundant manual transliterations\", \"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English locatives\", \"English nouns\", \"English prepositions\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncomparable adverbs\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Afrikaans translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Maltese translations\", \"Requests for review of Telugu translations\", \"Requests for review of Turkish translations\", \"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv\", \"Rhymes:English/ʌv/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Abenaki translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aromanian translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cebuano translations\", \"Terms with Central Sierra Miwok translations\", \"Terms with Chamicuro translations\", \"Terms with Chickasaw translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Farefare translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Haitian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Jeju translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lombard translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manggarai translations\", \"Terms with Mansaka translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mbyá Guaraní translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Pennsylvania German translations\", \"Terms with Polabian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scots translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ugaritic translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Walloon translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Western Bukidnon Manobo translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Yoruba translations\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English above\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"ābufan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English ābufan\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"ofan\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"from above\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic ofan (“from above”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"bōven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch bōven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ofs\", \"2\": \"bova\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Frisian bova\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"bobene\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German bobene\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"oven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish oven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"boven\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch boven\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"oben\"}, \"expansion\": \"German oben\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"ovan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish ovan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"osx\", \"2\": \"oban\", \"3\": \"oƀan\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Saxon oƀan\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"obana\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German obana\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English above, aboven, abuven, from Old English ābufan, onbufan, from on (“on”) + bufan (“over”), (akin to Icelandic ofan (“from above”), Middle Dutch bōven, Old Frisian bova, Middle High German bobene) from bī (“by”) + ufan (“over”); also cognate with Danish oven, Dutch boven, German oben, Swedish ovan, Old Saxon oƀan, Old High German obana.\\nThe preposition, adjective and the noun derive from the adverb.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"above (uncountable)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abovesaid\"}, {\"word\": \"aboves'd\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1998, “Twinz”, in Capital Punishment, performed by Big Pun and Fat Joe:\", \"text\": \"A brother from another mother, sent from the above.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Heaven.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Something, especially a person's name in legal documents, that appears higher on the same page or on a preceding page.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Higher authority.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1896, William Morris, The Well at the World's End:\", \"text\": \"Withal they saw of him that he had no doubt but that they should come to their above on the morrow,\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"betterment, raised status or condition.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(archaic) betterment, raised status or condition.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"ə-bŭvʹ\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbʌv/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-above.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg/En-us-above.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-above.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ʌv\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"aboue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"gorespomenat\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"гореспоменат\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"vyšší\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"yllä mainittu\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"edellä mainittu\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"fentemlített\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"iepriekšminētais\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vyšeupomjánutyj\", \"sense\": \"something mentioned previously in a document\", \"word\": \"вышеупомя́нутый\"}], \"word\": \"above\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "above",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.