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Proto-Semitic inflections

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Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔasīr- noun 117 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 117 lg inflection-template
noun 117 ʔasīrum nominative singular
noun 117 ʔasīrāna nominative dual
noun 117 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 117 ʔasīram accusative singular
noun 117 ʔasīrayna accusative dual
noun 117 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 117 ʔasīrim genitive singular
noun 117 ʔasīrayna genitive dual
ʔasīr- noun 117 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 117 ʔasīrī first-person singular possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVya first-person singular possessive
noun 117 - first-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVni first-person plural possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔasīr- noun 117 ʔasīrVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔasīr- noun 117 ʔasīrVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 117 ʔasīrVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔaḫw- noun 47 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 47 lg inflection-template
noun 47 ʔaḫwum nominative singular
noun 47 ʔaḫwāna nominative dual
noun 47 ʔaḫanūna nominative plural
noun 47 ʔaḫwam accusative singular
noun 47 ʔaḫwayna accusative dual
noun 47 ʔaḫanīna accusative plural
noun 47 ʔaḫwim genitive singular
noun 47 ʔaḫwayna genitive dual
ʔaḫw- noun 47 ʔaḫanīna genitive plural
noun 47 ʔaḫwī first-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVya first-person singular possessive
noun 47 - first-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVni first-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔaḫw- noun 47 ʔaḫwVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔaḫw- noun 47 ʔaḫwVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʔaḫwVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
patal- verb 38 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 38 sem-pro-conj/*paʕala-*yipʕil inflection-template
verb 38 patl- noun-from-verb
verb 38 pātil- active participle
verb 38 patīl- passive participle
verb 38 patūl- passive participle
verb 38 patalku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 38 patalka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 38 patala masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 38 patalkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
patal- verb 38 patalkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 38 patalā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 38 patalna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 38 patalkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 38 patalū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 38 patalku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 38 patalki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 38 patalat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 38 patalkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 38 patalkā feminine second-person dual perfect
patal- verb 38 patalatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 38 patalna feminine first-person plural perfect
verb 38 patalkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 38 patalā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 38 ʔaptil masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 38 taptil masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 38 yiptil masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 38 taptilā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 38 yaptilā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 38 niptil masculine first-person plural imperfect
patal- verb 38 taptilū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 38 yiptilū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 38 ʔaptil feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 38 taptilī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 38 taptil feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 38 taptilā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 38 taptilā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 38 niptil feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 38 taptilā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 38 yiptilā feminine third-person plural imperfect
patal- verb 38 patil masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 38 patilā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 38 patilū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 38 patilī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 38 patilā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 38 patilā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḥamṣ́- adj 10 no-table-tags table-tags
adj 10 g inflection-template
adj 10 ḥamṣ́um masculine nominative singular
adj 10 ḥamṣ́atum feminine nominative singular
adj 10 ḥamṣ́āna masculine nominative dual
adj 10 ḥamṣ́atāna feminine nominative dual
adj 10 ḥamṣ́ūna masculine nominative plural
adj 10 ḥamṣ́ātum feminine nominative plural
adj 10 ḥamṣ́am masculine accusative singular
adj 10 ḥamṣ́atam feminine accusative singular
ḥamṣ́- adj 10 ḥamṣ́ayna masculine accusative dual
adj 10 ḥamṣ́atayna feminine accusative dual
adj 10 ḥamṣ́īna masculine accusative plural
adj 10 ḥamṣ́ātim feminine accusative plural
adj 10 ḥamṣ́im masculine genitive singular
adj 10 ḥamṣ́atim feminine genitive singular
adj 10 ḥamṣ́ayna masculine genitive dual
adj 10 ḥamṣ́atayna feminine genitive dual
adj 10 ḥamṣ́īna masculine genitive plural
adj 10 ḥamṣ́ātim feminine genitive plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʕaśar- num 10 no-table-tags table-tags
num 10 g inflection-template
num 10 ʕaśarum masculine nominative
num 10 ʕaśaratum feminine nominative
num 10 ʕaśaram masculine accusative
num 10 ʕaśaratam feminine accusative
num 10 ʕaśarim masculine genitive
num 10 ʕaśaratim feminine genitive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
bint- noun 9 banāt- plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
miʕay- noun 7 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 7 lg inflection-template
noun 7 miʕayum nominative singular
noun 7 miʕayāna nominative dual
noun 7 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 7 miʕayam accusative singular
noun 7 miʕayayna accusative dual
noun 7 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 7 miʕayim genitive singular
noun 7 miʕayayna genitive dual
miʕay- noun 7 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 7 miʕayī first-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVya first-person singular possessive
noun 7 - first-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVni first-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
miʕay- noun 7 miʕayVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
miʕay- noun 7 miʕayVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
māy- noun 5 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 5 lg inflection-template
noun 5 māyum nominative singular
noun 5 māyāna nominative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 5 māyam accusative singular
noun 5 māyayna accusative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 5 māyim genitive singular
noun 5 māyayna genitive dual
māy- noun 5 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 5 māyī first-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVya first-person singular possessive
noun 5 - first-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVni first-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
māy- noun 5 māyVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
māy- noun 5 māyVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 *may- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šum pron 5 ū romanization

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
-r suffix 4 r ~ *l canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔimm- noun 3 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 3 lg inflection-template
noun 3 ʔimmum nominative singular
noun 3 ʔimmāna nominative dual
noun 3 ʔimmahātum nominative plural
noun 3 ʔimmam accusative singular
noun 3 ʔimmayna accusative dual
noun 3 ʔimmahātim accusative plural
noun 3 ʔimmim genitive singular
noun 3 ʔimmayna genitive dual
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmahātim genitive plural
noun 3 ʔimmī first-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVya first-person singular possessive
noun 3 - first-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVni first-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 *ʔumm- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
baṭal- verb 2 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 2 sem-pro-conj-a/*paʕala-*yipʕul inflection-template
verb 2 baṭl- noun-from-verb
verb 2 bāṭil- active participle
verb 2 baṭalku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭala masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalā masculine third-person dual perfect
baṭal- verb 2 baṭalna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalkā feminine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalna feminine first-person plural perfect
baṭal- verb 2 baṭalkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 ʔabṭul masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭul masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 yibṭul masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 yabṭulā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nibṭul masculine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yibṭulū masculine third-person plural imperfect
baṭal- verb 2 ʔabṭul feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭul feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nibṭul feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yibṭulā feminine third-person plural imperfect
verb 2 baṭul masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 baṭulā masculine second-person dual imperative
baṭal- verb 2 baṭulū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 2 baṭulī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 baṭulā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 2 baṭulā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
labiʔ- noun 2 labiʔ- canonical
noun 2 labuʔ- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
pataḥ- verb 2 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 2 sem-pro-conj/*paʕala-*yipʕal inflection-template
verb 2 patḥ- noun-from-verb
verb 2 pātiḥ- active participle
verb 2 patīḥ- passive participle
verb 2 patūḥ- passive participle
verb 2 pataḥku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 pataḥka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 pataḥa masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 pataḥkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
pataḥ- verb 2 pataḥkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 pataḥā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 2 pataḥna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 2 pataḥkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 pataḥū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 pataḥku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 pataḥki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 pataḥat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 pataḥkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 pataḥkā feminine second-person dual perfect
pataḥ- verb 2 pataḥatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 2 pataḥna feminine first-person plural perfect
verb 2 pataḥkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 pataḥā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 ʔaptaḥ masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 taptaḥ masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 yiptaḥ masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 taptaḥā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 yaptaḥā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 niptaḥ masculine first-person plural imperfect
pataḥ- verb 2 taptaḥū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yiptaḥū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 2 ʔaptaḥ feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 taptaḥī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 taptaḥ feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 taptaḥā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 taptaḥā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 niptaḥ feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 taptaḥā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yiptaḥā feminine third-person plural imperfect
pataḥ- verb 2 pataḥ masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 pataḥā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 2 pataḥū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 2 pataḥī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 pataḥā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 2 pataḥā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔalp- noun 2 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 2 lg inflection-template
noun 2 ʔalpum nominative singular
noun 2 ʔalpāna nominative dual
noun 2 ʔalapūna nominative plural
noun 2 ʔalpam accusative singular
noun 2 ʔalpayna accusative dual
noun 2 ʔalapīna accusative plural
noun 2 ʔalpim genitive singular
noun 2 ʔalpayna genitive dual
ʔalp- noun 2 ʔalapīna genitive plural
noun 2 ʔalpī first-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVya first-person singular possessive
noun 2 - first-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVni first-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔalp- noun 2 ʔalpVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔalp- noun 2 ʔalpVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḥapaś- verb 2 conjugation *yiḥpiś- prefix
verb 2 ḥapś- noun-from-verb

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mušy- noun 1 mušy- masculine canonical
noun 1 mušyat- feminine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šaḥ(a)r- noun 1 šaḥr- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
yanaḳ- verb 1 conjugation *yiyniḳ- prefix


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.