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Proto-Semitic inflections

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Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḥamṣ́-ⓦ noun 121 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 121 lg inflection-template
noun 121 ḥamṣ́um nominative singular
noun 121 ḥamṣ́āna nominative dual
noun 121 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 121 ḥamṣ́am accusative singular
noun 121 ḥamṣ́ayna accusative dual
noun 121 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 121 ḥamṣ́im genitive singular
noun 121 ḥamṣ́ayna genitive dual
ḥamṣ́-ⓦ noun 121 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 121 ḥamṣ́ī first-person singular possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vya first-person singular possessive
noun 121 - first-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vni first-person plural possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ḥamṣ́-ⓦ noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ḥamṣ́-ⓦ noun 121 ḥamṣ́Vša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 121 ḥamṣ́Všinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḥaḳl-ⓦ noun 49 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 49 lg inflection-template
noun 49 ḥaḳlum nominative singular
noun 49 ḥaḳlāna nominative dual
noun 49 ḥaḳlātum nominative plural
noun 49 ḥaḳlam accusative singular
noun 49 ḥaḳlayna accusative dual
noun 49 ḥaḳlātim accusative plural
noun 49 ḥaḳlim genitive singular
noun 49 ḥaḳlayna genitive dual
ḥaḳl-ⓦ noun 49 ḥaḳlātim genitive plural
noun 49 ḥaḳlī first-person singular possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVya first-person singular possessive
noun 49 - first-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVni first-person plural possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ḥaḳl-ⓦ noun 49 ḥaḳlVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ḥaḳl-ⓦ noun 49 ḥaḳlVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 49 ḥaḳlVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḥapar-ⓦ verb 44 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 44 sem-pro-conj/*paʕala-*yipʕil inflection-template
verb 44 ḥapr- noun-from-verb
verb 44 ḥāpir- active participle
verb 44 ḥapīr- passive participle
verb 44 ḥapūr- passive participle
verb 44 ḥaparku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 44 ḥaparka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 44 ḥapara masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 44 ḥaparkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
ḥapar-ⓦ verb 44 ḥaparkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 44 ḥaparā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 44 ḥaparna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 44 ḥaparkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 44 ḥaparū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 44 ḥaparku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 44 ḥaparki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 44 ḥaparat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 44 ḥaparkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 44 ḥaparkā feminine second-person dual perfect
ḥapar-ⓦ verb 44 ḥaparatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 44 ḥaparna feminine first-person plural perfect
verb 44 ḥaparkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 44 ḥaparā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 44 ʔaḥpir masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 44 taḥpir masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 44 yiḥpir masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 44 taḥpirā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 44 yaḥpirā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 44 niḥpir masculine first-person plural imperfect
ḥapar-ⓦ verb 44 taḥpirū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 44 yiḥpirū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 44 ʔaḥpir feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 44 taḥpirī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 44 taḥpir feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 44 taḥpirā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 44 taḥpirā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 44 niḥpir feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 44 taḥpirā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 44 yiḥpirā feminine third-person plural imperfect
ḥapar-ⓦ verb 44 ḥapir masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 44 ḥapirā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 44 ḥapirū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 44 ḥapirī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 44 ḥapirā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 44 ḥapirā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔtmⓦ verb 15 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 15 sem-pro-conj/*paʕala-*yipʕal inflection-template
verb 15 ʔtm- noun-from-verb
verb 15 ʔātim- active participle
verb 15 ʔatīm- passive participle
verb 15 ʔatūm- passive participle
verb 15 ʔatamku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 15 ʔatamka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 15 ʔatama masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 15 ʔatamkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
ʔtmⓦ verb 15 ʔatamkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 15 ʔatamā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 15 ʔatamna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 15 ʔatamkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 15 ʔatamū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 15 ʔatamku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 15 ʔatamki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 15 ʔatamat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 15 ʔatamkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 15 ʔatamkā feminine second-person dual perfect
ʔtmⓦ verb 15 ʔatamatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 15 ʔatamna feminine first-person plural perfect
verb 15 ʔatamkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 15 ʔatamā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 15 ʔaʔtam masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 15 taʔtam masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 15 yiʔtam masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 15 taʔtamā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 15 yaʔtamā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 15 niʔtam masculine first-person plural imperfect
ʔtmⓦ verb 15 taʔtamū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 15 yiʔtamū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 15 ʔaʔtam feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 15 taʔtamī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 15 taʔtam feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 15 taʔtamā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 15 taʔtamā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 15 niʔtam feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 15 taʔtamā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 15 yiʔtamā feminine third-person plural imperfect
ʔtmⓦ verb 15 ʔatam masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 15 ʔatamā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 15 ʔatamū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 15 ʔatamī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 15 ʔatamā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 15 ʔatamā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḫamš-ⓦ num 10 no-table-tags table-tags
num 10 g inflection-template
num 10 ḫamšum masculine nominative
num 10 ḫamšatum feminine nominative
num 10 ḫamšam masculine accusative
num 10 ḫamšatam feminine accusative
num 10 ḫamšim masculine genitive
num 10 ḫamšatim feminine genitive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ṭāb-ⓦ adj 10 no-table-tags table-tags
adj 10 g inflection-template
adj 10 ṭābum masculine nominative singular
adj 10 ṭābatum feminine nominative singular
adj 10 ṭābāna masculine nominative dual
adj 10 ṭābatāna feminine nominative dual
adj 10 ṭābūna masculine nominative plural
adj 10 ṭābātum feminine nominative plural
adj 10 ṭābam masculine accusative singular
adj 10 ṭābatam feminine accusative singular
ṭāb-ⓦ adj 10 ṭābayna masculine accusative dual
adj 10 ṭābatayna feminine accusative dual
adj 10 ṭābīna masculine accusative plural
adj 10 ṭābātim feminine accusative plural
adj 10 ṭābim masculine genitive singular
adj 10 ṭābatim feminine genitive singular
adj 10 ṭābayna masculine genitive dual
adj 10 ṭābatayna feminine genitive dual
adj 10 ṭābīna masculine genitive plural
adj 10 ṭābātim feminine genitive plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔabw-ⓦ noun 9 ʔaban- plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mut-ⓦ noun 8 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 8 lg inflection-template
noun 8 mutum nominative singular
noun 8 mutāna nominative dual
noun 8 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 8 mutam accusative singular
noun 8 mutayna accusative dual
noun 8 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 8 mutim genitive singular
noun 8 mutayna genitive dual
mut-ⓦ noun 8 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 8 mutī first-person singular possessive
noun 8 mutVya first-person singular possessive
noun 8 - first-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVni first-person plural possessive
noun 8 mutVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 8 mutVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 8 mutVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
mut-ⓦ noun 8 mutVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 8 mutVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 8 mutVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 8 mutVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 8 mutVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 8 mutVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
mut-ⓦ noun 8 mutVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 8 mutVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 8 mutVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 8 mutVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
minⓦ prep 5 V romanization

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
waral-ⓦ noun 5 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 5 lg inflection-template
noun 5 waralum nominative singular
noun 5 waralāna nominative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 5 waralam accusative singular
noun 5 waralayna accusative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 5 waralim genitive singular
noun 5 waralayna genitive dual
waral-ⓦ noun 5 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 5 waralī first-person singular possessive
noun 5 waralVya first-person singular possessive
noun 5 - first-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVni first-person plural possessive
noun 5 waralVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 waralVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 waralVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
waral-ⓦ noun 5 waralVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 waralVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 waralVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 waralVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 waralVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 waralVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
waral-ⓦ noun 5 waralVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 waralVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 waralVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 waralVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 *waran- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ṣaɣir-ⓦ adj 4 ṣaɣīr- canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔimm-ⓦ noun 3 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 3 lg inflection-template
noun 3 ʔimmum nominative singular
noun 3 ʔimmāna nominative dual
noun 3 ʔimmahātum nominative plural
noun 3 ʔimmam accusative singular
noun 3 ʔimmayna accusative dual
noun 3 ʔimmahātim accusative plural
noun 3 ʔimmim genitive singular
noun 3 ʔimmayna genitive dual
ʔimm-ⓦ noun 3 ʔimmahātim genitive plural
noun 3 ʔimmī first-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVya first-person singular possessive
noun 3 - first-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVni first-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔimm-ⓦ noun 3 ʔimmVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔimm-ⓦ noun 3 ʔimmVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 *ʔumm- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḥapaś-ⓦ verb 2 conjugation *yiḥpiś- prefix
verb 2 ḥapś- noun-from-verb

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ṯ̣upr-ⓦ noun 2 ṯ̣upr- canonical
noun 2 ṯ̣ipr- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
miʔat-ⓦ num 2 no-table-tags table-tags
num 2 lg inflection-template
num 2 miʔatum nominative singular
num 2 miʔatāna nominative dual
num 2 miʔātum nominative plural
num 2 miʔatam accusative singular
num 2 miʔatayna accusative dual
num 2 miʔātim accusative plural
num 2 miʔatim genitive singular
num 2 miʔatayna genitive dual
miʔat-ⓦ num 2 miʔātim genitive plural
num 2 miʔatī first-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVya first-person singular possessive
num 2 - first-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVni first-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVka masculine second-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
miʔat-ⓦ num 2 miʔatVki feminine second-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
miʔat-ⓦ num 2 miʔatVša feminine third-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šaḥ(a)r-ⓦ noun 1 šaḥr- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mušy-ⓦ noun 1 mušy- masculine canonical
noun 1 mušyat- feminine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
yanaḳ-ⓦ verb 1 conjugation *yiyniḳ- prefix


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.