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Proto-Semitic inflections

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Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʕaṯ̣m- noun 114 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 114 lg inflection-template
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mum nominative singular
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣māna nominative dual
noun 114 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mam accusative singular
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mayna accusative dual
noun 114 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mim genitive singular
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mayna genitive dual
ʕaṯ̣m- noun 114 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mī first-person singular possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVya first-person singular possessive
noun 114 - first-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVni first-person plural possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʕaṯ̣m- noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʕaṯ̣m- noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 114 ʕaṯ̣mVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔaḫwat- noun 46 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 46 lg inflection-template
noun 46 ʔaḫwatum nominative singular
noun 46 ʔaḫwatāna nominative dual
noun 46 ʔaḫwātum nominative plural
noun 46 ʔaḫwatam accusative singular
noun 46 ʔaḫwatayna accusative dual
noun 46 ʔaḫwātim accusative plural
noun 46 ʔaḫwatim genitive singular
noun 46 ʔaḫwatayna genitive dual
ʔaḫwat- noun 46 ʔaḫwātim genitive plural
noun 46 ʔaḫwatī first-person singular possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVya first-person singular possessive
noun 46 - first-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVni first-person plural possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔaḫwat- noun 46 ʔaḫwatVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔaḫwat- noun 46 ʔaḫwatVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 46 ʔaḫwatVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḫalap- verb 36 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 36 sem-pro-conj/*paʕal-*yipʕul inflection-template
verb 36 ḫalp- noun-from-verb
verb 36 ḫālip- active participle
verb 36 ḫalīp- passive participle
verb 36 ḫalūp- passive participle
verb 36 ḫalapku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 36 ḫalapka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 36 ḫalapa masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 36 ḫalapkayā masculine first-person singular perfect
ḫalap- verb 36 ḫalapkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 36 ḫalapā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 36 ḫalapna masculine first-person dual perfect
verb 36 ḫalapkanu masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 36 ḫalapū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 36 ḫalapku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 36 ḫalapki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 36 ḫalapat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 36 ḫalapkayā feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 36 ḫalapkā feminine second-person dual perfect
ḫalap- verb 36 ḫalapatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 36 ḫalapna feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 36 ḫalapkina feminine second-person dual perfect
verb 36 ḫalapā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 36 ʔaḫlup masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 36 taḫlup masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 36 yiḫlup masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 36 taḫlupā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 36 yaḫlupā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 36 niḫlup masculine first-person dual imperfect
ḫalap- verb 36 taḫlupū masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 36 yiḫlupū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 36 ʔaḫlup feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 36 taḫlupī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 36 taḫlup feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 36 taḫlupā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 36 taḫlupā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 36 niḫlup feminine first-person dual imperfect
verb 36 yiḫlupā feminine third-person plural imperfect
verb 36 ḫalup masculine second-person singular imperative
ḫalap- verb 36 ḫalupā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 36 ḫalupū masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 36 ḫalupī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 36 ḫalupā feminine second-person dual imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḫamš- num 10 no-table-tags table-tags
num 10 g inflection-template
num 10 ḫamšum masculine nominative
num 10 ḫamšatum feminine nominative
num 10 ḫamšam masculine accusative
num 10 ḫamšatam feminine accusative
num 10 ḫamšim masculine genitive
num 10 ḫamšatim feminine genitive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔayy- pron 10 no-table-tags table-tags
pron 10 g inflection-template
pron 10 ʔayyum masculine nominative singular
pron 10 ʔayyatum feminine nominative singular
pron 10 ʔayyāna masculine nominative dual
pron 10 ʔayyatāna feminine nominative dual
pron 10 ʔayyūna masculine nominative plural
pron 10 ʔayyātum feminine nominative plural
pron 10 ʔayyam masculine accusative singular
pron 10 ʔayyatam feminine accusative singular
ʔayy- pron 10 ʔayyayna masculine accusative dual
pron 10 ʔayyatayna feminine accusative dual
pron 10 ʔayyīna masculine accusative plural
pron 10 ʔayyātim feminine accusative plural
pron 10 ʔayyim masculine genitive singular
pron 10 ʔayyatim feminine genitive singular
pron 10 ʔayyayna masculine genitive dual
pron 10 ʔayyatayna feminine genitive dual
pron 10 ʔayyīna masculine genitive plural
pron 10 ʔayyātim feminine genitive plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḏiʔb- noun 9 ḏiʔāb- plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mut- noun 7 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 7 lg inflection-template
noun 7 mutum nominative singular
noun 7 mutāna nominative dual
noun 7 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 7 mutam accusative singular
noun 7 mutayna accusative dual
noun 7 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 7 mutim genitive singular
noun 7 mutayna genitive dual
mut- noun 7 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 7 mutī first-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVya first-person singular possessive
noun 7 - first-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVni first-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
mut- noun 7 mutVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
mut- noun 7 mutVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ṯūm- noun 5 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 5 lg inflection-template
noun 5 ṯūmum nominative singular
noun 5 ṯūmāna nominative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 5 ṯūmam accusative singular
noun 5 ṯūmayna accusative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 5 ṯūmim genitive singular
noun 5 ṯūmayna genitive dual
ṯūm- noun 5 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 5 ṯūmī first-person singular possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVya first-person singular possessive
noun 5 - first-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVni first-person plural possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ṯūm- noun 5 ṯūmVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ṯūm- noun 5 ṯūmVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 ṯūmVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 *ṯawm- alternative
noun 5 *ṯuwm- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḳ-r-ʔ verb 5 ḳaraʔ- canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šum pron 5 ū romanization

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
-at- suffix 3 no-table-tags table-tags
suffix 3 lg inflection-template
suffix 3 -atum nominative singular
suffix 3 -atāna nominative dual
suffix 3 -ātum nominative plural
suffix 3 -atam accusative singular
suffix 3 -atayna accusative dual
suffix 3 -ātim accusative plural
suffix 3 -atim genitive singular
suffix 3 -atayna genitive dual
-at- suffix 3 -ātim genitive plural
suffix 3 -atī first-person singular possessive
suffix 3 -atVya first-person singular possessive
suffix 3 - first-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVni first-person plural possessive
suffix 3 -atVka masculine second-person singular possessive
suffix 3 -atVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
suffix 3 -atVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
-at- suffix 3 -atVki feminine second-person singular possessive
suffix 3 -atVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
suffix 3 -atVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
suffix 3 -atVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
suffix 3 -atVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
suffix 3 -atVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
-at- suffix 3 -atVša feminine third-person singular possessive
suffix 3 -atVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
suffix 3 -atVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
suffix 3 -atVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
suffix 3 *-t- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
miʔat- num 2 no-table-tags table-tags
num 2 lg inflection-template
num 2 miʔatum nominative singular
num 2 miʔatāna nominative dual
num 2 miʔātum nominative plural
num 2 miʔatam accusative singular
num 2 miʔatayna accusative dual
num 2 miʔātim accusative plural
num 2 miʔatim genitive singular
num 2 miʔatayna genitive dual
miʔat- num 2 miʔātim genitive plural
num 2 miʔatī first-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVya first-person singular possessive
num 2 - first-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVni first-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVka masculine second-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
miʔat- num 2 miʔatVki feminine second-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
miʔat- num 2 miʔatVša feminine third-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
pataḥ- noun 2 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 2 sem-pro-conj/*paʕala-*yipʕal inflection-template
noun 2 patḥ- noun-from-verb
noun 2 pātiḥ- active participle
noun 2 patīḥ- passive participle
noun 2 patūḥ- passive participle
noun 2 pataḥku masculine first-person singular perfect
noun 2 pataḥka masculine second-person singular perfect
noun 2 pataḥa masculine third-person singular perfect
noun 2 pataḥkayā masculine first-person singular perfect
pataḥ- noun 2 pataḥkā masculine second-person dual perfect
noun 2 pataḥā masculine third-person dual perfect
noun 2 pataḥna masculine first-person dual perfect
noun 2 pataḥkanu masculine second-person dual perfect
noun 2 pataḥū masculine third-person plural perfect
noun 2 pataḥku feminine first-person singular perfect
noun 2 pataḥki feminine second-person singular perfect
noun 2 pataḥat feminine third-person singular perfect
noun 2 pataḥkayā feminine first-person singular perfect
noun 2 pataḥkā feminine second-person dual perfect
pataḥ- noun 2 pataḥatā feminine third-person dual perfect
noun 2 pataḥna feminine first-person dual perfect
noun 2 pataḥkina feminine second-person dual perfect
noun 2 pataḥā feminine third-person plural perfect
noun 2 ʔaptaḥ masculine first-person singular imperfect
noun 2 taptaḥ masculine second-person singular imperfect
noun 2 yiptaḥ masculine third-person singular imperfect
noun 2 taptaḥā masculine second-person dual imperfect
noun 2 yaptaḥā masculine third-person dual imperfect
noun 2 niptaḥ masculine first-person dual imperfect
pataḥ- noun 2 taptaḥū masculine second-person dual imperfect
noun 2 yiptaḥū masculine third-person plural imperfect
noun 2 ʔaptaḥ feminine first-person singular imperfect
noun 2 taptaḥī feminine second-person singular imperfect
noun 2 taptaḥ feminine third-person singular imperfect
noun 2 taptaḥā feminine second-person dual imperfect
noun 2 taptaḥā feminine third-person dual imperfect
noun 2 niptaḥ feminine first-person dual imperfect
noun 2 yiptaḥā feminine third-person plural imperfect
noun 2 pataḥ masculine second-person singular imperative
pataḥ- noun 2 pataḥā masculine second-person dual imperative
noun 2 pataḥū masculine second-person dual imperative
noun 2 pataḥī feminine second-person singular imperative
noun 2 pataḥā feminine second-person dual imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mušy- noun 2 mušy- masculine canonical
noun 2 mušyat- feminine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mawut- verb 2 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 2 sem-pro-conj-a/*pawala-*yipūl inflection-template
verb 2 mawt- noun-from-verb
verb 2 māwit- active participle
verb 2 mawutku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 mawutka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 mawata masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 mawutkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 mawutkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 mawatā masculine third-person dual perfect
mawut- verb 2 mawutna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 2 mawutkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 mawatū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 mawutku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 mawutki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 mawatat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 mawutkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 mawutkā feminine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 mawatatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 2 mawutna feminine first-person plural perfect
mawut- verb 2 mawutkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 mawutā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 ʔamūt masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tamūt masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 yimūt masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tamūtā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 yamūtā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nimūt masculine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tamūtū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yimūtū masculine third-person plural imperfect
mawut- verb 2 ʔamūt feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tamūtī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tamūt feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tamūtā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 tamūtā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nimūt feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tamūtā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yimūtā feminine third-person plural imperfect
verb 2 mūt masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 mūtā masculine second-person dual imperative
mawut- verb 2 mūtū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 2 mūtī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 mūtā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 2 mūtā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ṯ̣upr- noun 2 ṯ̣upr- canonical
noun 2 ṯ̣ipr- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
rabb- verb 2 conjugation *yirubb- prefix
verb 2 rabb- noun-from-verb

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šaḥ(a)r- noun 1 šaḥr- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
yanaḳ- verb 1 conjugation *yiyniḳ- prefix


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.