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Proto-Semitic inflections

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Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔurḫ- noun 115 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 115 lg inflection-template
noun 115 ʔurḫum nominative singular
noun 115 ʔurḫāna nominative dual
noun 115 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 115 ʔurḫam accusative singular
noun 115 ʔurḫayna accusative dual
noun 115 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 115 ʔurḫim genitive singular
noun 115 ʔurḫayna genitive dual
ʔurḫ- noun 115 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 115 ʔurḫī first-person singular possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVya first-person singular possessive
noun 115 - first-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVni first-person plural possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔurḫ- noun 115 ʔurḫVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔurḫ- noun 115 ʔurḫVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 115 ʔurḫVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʕayn- noun 47 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 47 lg inflection-template
noun 47 ʕaynum nominative singular
noun 47 ʕaynāna nominative dual
noun 47 ʕaynātum nominative plural
noun 47 ʕaynam accusative singular
noun 47 ʕaynayna accusative dual
noun 47 ʕaynātim accusative plural
noun 47 ʕaynim genitive singular
noun 47 ʕaynayna genitive dual
ʕayn- noun 47 ʕaynātim genitive plural
noun 47 ʕaynī first-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVya first-person singular possessive
noun 47 - first-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVni first-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʕayn- noun 47 ʕaynVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʕayn- noun 47 ʕaynVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 47 ʕaynVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
kawan- verb 38 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 38 sem-pro-conj/*pawala-*yipūl inflection-template
verb 38 kawn- noun-from-verb
verb 38 kāwin- active participle
verb 38 kawīn- passive participle
verb 38 kawūn- passive participle
verb 38 kawunku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 38 kawunka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 38 kawana masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 38 kawunkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
kawan- verb 38 kawunkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 38 kawanā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 38 kawunna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 38 kawunkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 38 kawanū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 38 kawunku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 38 kawunki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 38 kawanat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 38 kawunkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 38 kawunkā feminine second-person dual perfect
kawan- verb 38 kawanatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 38 kawunna feminine first-person plural perfect
verb 38 kawunkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 38 kawunā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 38 ʔakūn masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 38 takūn masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 38 yikūn masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 38 takūnā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 38 yakūnā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 38 nikūn masculine first-person plural imperfect
kawan- verb 38 takūnū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 38 yikūnū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 38 ʔakūn feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 38 takūnī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 38 takūn feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 38 takūnā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 38 takūnā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 38 nikūn feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 38 takūnā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 38 yikūnā feminine third-person plural imperfect
kawan- verb 38 kūn masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 38 kūnā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 38 kūnū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 38 kūnī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 38 kūnā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 38 kūnā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʕašt- num 10 no-table-tags table-tags
num 10 g inflection-template
num 10 ʕaštum masculine nominative
num 10 ʕaštayum feminine nominative
num 10 ʕaštam masculine accusative
num 10 ʕaštayam feminine accusative
num 10 ʕaštim masculine genitive
num 10 ʕaštayim feminine genitive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ṣaɣir- adj 10 no-table-tags table-tags
adj 10 g inflection-template
adj 10 ṣaɣirum masculine nominative singular
adj 10 ṣaɣiratum feminine nominative singular
adj 10 ṣaɣirāna masculine nominative dual
adj 10 ṣaɣiratāna feminine nominative dual
adj 10 ṣaɣirūna masculine nominative plural
adj 10 ṣaɣirātum feminine nominative plural
adj 10 ṣaɣiram masculine accusative singular
adj 10 ṣaɣiratam feminine accusative singular
ṣaɣir- adj 10 ṣaɣirayna masculine accusative dual
adj 10 ṣaɣiratayna feminine accusative dual
adj 10 ṣaɣirīna masculine accusative plural
adj 10 ṣaɣirātim feminine accusative plural
adj 10 ṣaɣirim masculine genitive singular
adj 10 ṣaɣiratim feminine genitive singular
adj 10 ṣaɣirayna masculine genitive dual
adj 10 ṣaɣiratayna feminine genitive dual
adj 10 ṣaɣirīna masculine genitive plural
adj 10 ṣaɣirātim feminine genitive plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
bin- noun 9 ban- plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
miʕay- noun 7 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 7 lg inflection-template
noun 7 miʕayum nominative singular
noun 7 miʕayāna nominative dual
noun 7 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 7 miʕayam accusative singular
noun 7 miʕayayna accusative dual
noun 7 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 7 miʕayim genitive singular
noun 7 miʕayayna genitive dual
miʕay- noun 7 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 7 miʕayī first-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVya first-person singular possessive
noun 7 - first-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVni first-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
miʕay- noun 7 miʕayVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
miʕay- noun 7 miʕayVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 7 miʕayVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
māy- noun 5 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 5 lg inflection-template
noun 5 māyum nominative singular
noun 5 māyāna nominative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 5 māyam accusative singular
noun 5 māyayna accusative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 5 māyim genitive singular
noun 5 māyayna genitive dual
māy- noun 5 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 5 māyī first-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVya first-person singular possessive
noun 5 - first-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVni first-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
māy- noun 5 māyVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
māy- noun 5 māyVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 māyVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 māyVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 māyVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 *may- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šin pron 5 ā romanization

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šim conj 3 šim canonical
conj 3 šimmā canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔimm- noun 3 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 3 lg inflection-template
noun 3 ʔimmum nominative singular
noun 3 ʔimmāna nominative dual
noun 3 ʔimmahātum nominative plural
noun 3 ʔimmam accusative singular
noun 3 ʔimmayna accusative dual
noun 3 ʔimmahātim accusative plural
noun 3 ʔimmim genitive singular
noun 3 ʔimmayna genitive dual
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmahātim genitive plural
noun 3 ʔimmī first-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVya first-person singular possessive
noun 3 - first-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVni first-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 *ʔumm- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḥapaś- verb 2 conjugation *yiḥpiś- prefix
verb 2 ḥapś- noun-from-verb

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
halak- verb 2 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 2 sem-pro-conj/*paʕala-*yipʕil inflection-template
verb 2 halk- noun-from-verb
verb 2 hālik- active participle
verb 2 halīk- passive participle
verb 2 halūk- passive participle
verb 2 halakku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 halakka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 halaka masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 halakkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
halak- verb 2 halakkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 halakā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 2 halakna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 2 halakkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 halakū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 halakku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 halakki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 halakat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 halakkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 halakkā feminine second-person dual perfect
halak- verb 2 halakatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 2 halakna feminine first-person plural perfect
verb 2 halakkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 halakā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 ʔahlik masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tahlik masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 yihlik masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tahlikā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 yahlikā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nihlik masculine first-person plural imperfect
halak- verb 2 tahlikū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yihlikū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 2 ʔahlik feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tahlikī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tahlik feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tahlikā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 tahlikā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nihlik feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tahlikā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yihlikā feminine third-person plural imperfect
halak- verb 2 halik masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 halikā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 2 halikū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 2 halikī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 halikā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 2 halikā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ṯ̣upr- noun 2 ṯ̣upr- canonical
noun 2 ṯ̣ipr- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
baṭal- verb 2 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 2 sem-pro-conj-a/*paʕala-*yipʕul inflection-template
verb 2 baṭl- noun-from-verb
verb 2 bāṭil- active participle
verb 2 baṭalku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭala masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalā masculine third-person dual perfect
baṭal- verb 2 baṭalna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalkā feminine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalna feminine first-person plural perfect
baṭal- verb 2 baṭalkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 ʔabṭul masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭul masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 yibṭul masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 yabṭulā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nibṭul masculine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yibṭulū masculine third-person plural imperfect
baṭal- verb 2 ʔabṭul feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭul feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nibṭul feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yibṭulā feminine third-person plural imperfect
verb 2 baṭul masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 baṭulā masculine second-person dual imperative
baṭal- verb 2 baṭulū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 2 baṭulī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 baṭulā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 2 baṭulā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
miʔat- num 2 no-table-tags table-tags
num 2 lg inflection-template
num 2 miʔatum nominative singular
num 2 miʔatāna nominative dual
num 2 miʔātum nominative plural
num 2 miʔatam accusative singular
num 2 miʔatayna accusative dual
num 2 miʔātim accusative plural
num 2 miʔatim genitive singular
num 2 miʔatayna genitive dual
miʔat- num 2 miʔātim genitive plural
num 2 miʔatī first-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVya first-person singular possessive
num 2 - first-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVni first-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVka masculine second-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
miʔat- num 2 miʔatVki feminine second-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
miʔat- num 2 miʔatVša feminine third-person singular possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
num 2 miʔatVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
num 2 miʔatVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mušy- noun 1 mušy- masculine canonical
noun 1 mušyat- feminine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
yanaḳ- verb 1 conjugation *yiyniḳ- prefix

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šaḥ(a)r- noun 1 šaḥr- masculine canonical


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-09-20 using wiktextract (ea0d853 and 1ab82da). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.