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Proto-Semitic inflections

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Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔiṣbaʕ- noun 119 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 119 lg inflection-template
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕum nominative singular
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕāna nominative dual
noun 119 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕam accusative singular
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕayna accusative dual
noun 119 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕim genitive singular
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕayna genitive dual
ʔiṣbaʕ- noun 119 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕī first-person singular possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVya first-person singular possessive
noun 119 - first-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVni first-person plural possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔiṣbaʕ- noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔiṣbaʕ- noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 119 ʔiṣbaʕVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔaḫwat- noun 48 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 48 lg inflection-template
noun 48 ʔaḫwatum nominative singular
noun 48 ʔaḫwatāna nominative dual
noun 48 ʔaḫwātum nominative plural
noun 48 ʔaḫwatam accusative singular
noun 48 ʔaḫwatayna accusative dual
noun 48 ʔaḫwātim accusative plural
noun 48 ʔaḫwatim genitive singular
noun 48 ʔaḫwatayna genitive dual
ʔaḫwat- noun 48 ʔaḫwātim genitive plural
noun 48 ʔaḫwatī first-person singular possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVya first-person singular possessive
noun 48 - first-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVni first-person plural possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔaḫwat- noun 48 ʔaḫwatVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔaḫwat- noun 48 ʔaḫwatVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 48 ʔaḫwatVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
yanaḳ- verb 39 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 39 sem-pro-conj/*paʕala-*yipʕil inflection-template
verb 39 - noun-from-verb
verb 39 yāniḳ- active participle
verb 39 yanīḳ- passive participle
verb 39 yanūḳ- passive participle
verb 39 yanaḳku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 39 yanaḳka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 39 yanaḳa masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 39 yanaḳkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
yanaḳ- verb 39 yanaḳkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 39 yanaḳā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 39 yanaḳna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 39 yanaḳkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 39 yanaḳū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 39 yanaḳku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 39 yanaḳki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 39 yanaḳat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 39 yanaḳkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 39 yanaḳkā feminine second-person dual perfect
yanaḳ- verb 39 yanaḳatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 39 yanaḳna feminine first-person plural perfect
verb 39 yanaḳkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 39 yanaḳā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 39 ʔayniḳ masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 39 tayniḳ masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 39 yiyniḳ masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 39 tayniḳā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 39 yayniḳā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 39 niyniḳ masculine first-person plural imperfect
yanaḳ- verb 39 tayniḳū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 39 yiyniḳū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 39 ʔayniḳ feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 39 tayniḳī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 39 tayniḳ feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 39 tayniḳā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 39 tayniḳā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 39 niyniḳ feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 39 tayniḳā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 39 yiyniḳā feminine third-person plural imperfect
yanaḳ- verb 39 yaniḳ masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 39 yaniḳā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 39 yaniḳū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 39 yaniḳī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 39 yaniḳā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 39 yaniḳā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ṯ̣amiʔ- verb 12 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 12 sem-pro-conj/*paʕala-*yipʕal inflection-template
verb 12 ṯ̣amʔ- noun-from-verb
verb 12 ṯ̣āmiʔ- active participle
verb 12 ṯ̣amīʔ- passive participle
verb 12 ṯ̣amūʔ- passive participle
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔa masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
ṯ̣amiʔ- verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔā masculine third-person dual perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔkā feminine second-person dual perfect
ṯ̣amiʔ- verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔna feminine first-person plural perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 12 ʔaṯ̣maʔ masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 12 taṯ̣maʔ masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 12 yiṯ̣maʔ masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 12 taṯ̣maʔā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 12 yaṯ̣maʔā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 12 niṯ̣maʔ masculine first-person plural imperfect
ṯ̣amiʔ- verb 12 taṯ̣maʔū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 12 yiṯ̣maʔū masculine third-person plural imperfect
verb 12 ʔaṯ̣maʔ feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 12 taṯ̣maʔī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 12 taṯ̣maʔ feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 12 taṯ̣maʔā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 12 taṯ̣maʔā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 12 niṯ̣maʔ feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 12 taṯ̣maʔā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 12 yiṯ̣maʔā feminine third-person plural imperfect
ṯ̣amiʔ- verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔ masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔā masculine second-person dual imperative
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 12 ṯ̣amaʔā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šabʕ- num 10 no-table-tags table-tags
num 10 g inflection-template
num 10 šabʕum masculine nominative
num 10 šabʕatum feminine nominative
num 10 šabʕam masculine accusative
num 10 šabʕatam feminine accusative
num 10 šabʕim masculine genitive
num 10 šabʕatim feminine genitive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ḳudš- adj 10 no-table-tags table-tags
adj 10 g inflection-template
adj 10 ḳudšum masculine nominative singular
adj 10 ḳudšatum feminine nominative singular
adj 10 ḳudšāna masculine nominative dual
adj 10 ḳudšatāna feminine nominative dual
adj 10 ḳudšūna masculine nominative plural
adj 10 ḳudšātum feminine nominative plural
adj 10 ḳudšam masculine accusative singular
adj 10 ḳudšatam feminine accusative singular
ḳudš- adj 10 ḳudšayna masculine accusative dual
adj 10 ḳudšatayna feminine accusative dual
adj 10 ḳudšīna masculine accusative plural
adj 10 ḳudšātim feminine accusative plural
adj 10 ḳudšim masculine genitive singular
adj 10 ḳudšatim feminine genitive singular
adj 10 ḳudšayna masculine genitive dual
adj 10 ḳudšatayna feminine genitive dual
adj 10 ḳudšīna masculine genitive plural
adj 10 ḳudšātim feminine genitive plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔabw- noun 9 ʔaban- plural

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mut- noun 7 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 7 lg inflection-template
noun 7 mutum nominative singular
noun 7 mutāna nominative dual
noun 7 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 7 mutam accusative singular
noun 7 mutayna accusative dual
noun 7 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 7 mutim genitive singular
noun 7 mutayna genitive dual
mut- noun 7 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 7 mutī first-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVya first-person singular possessive
noun 7 - first-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVni first-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
mut- noun 7 mutVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
mut- noun 7 mutVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 7 mutVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 7 mutVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 7 mutVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔantum pron 5 ū romanization

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šabṭ- noun 5 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 5 lg inflection-template
noun 5 šabṭum nominative singular
noun 5 šabṭāna nominative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-ūna nominative plural
noun 5 šabṭam accusative singular
noun 5 šabṭayna accusative dual
noun 5 plural stem + *-īna accusative plural
noun 5 šabṭim genitive singular
noun 5 šabṭayna genitive dual
šabṭ- noun 5 plural stem + *-īna genitive plural
noun 5 šabṭī first-person singular possessive
noun 5 šabṭVya first-person singular possessive
noun 5 - first-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVni first-person plural possessive
noun 5 šabṭVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 šabṭVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 šabṭVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
šabṭ- noun 5 šabṭVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 5 šabṭVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 šabṭVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
šabṭ- noun 5 šabṭVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 šabṭVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 5 *šibṭ- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
-r suffix 4 r ~ *l canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔimm- noun 3 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 3 lg inflection-template
noun 3 ʔimmum nominative singular
noun 3 ʔimmāna nominative dual
noun 3 ʔimmahātum nominative plural
noun 3 ʔimmam accusative singular
noun 3 ʔimmayna accusative dual
noun 3 ʔimmahātim accusative plural
noun 3 ʔimmim genitive singular
noun 3 ʔimmayna genitive dual
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmahātim genitive plural
noun 3 ʔimmī first-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVya first-person singular possessive
noun 3 - first-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVni first-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔimm- noun 3 ʔimmVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 ʔimmVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 3 *ʔumm- alternative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
rabb- verb 2 conjugation *yirubb- prefix
verb 2 rabb- noun-from-verb

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
ʔalp- noun 2 no-table-tags table-tags
noun 2 lg inflection-template
noun 2 ʔalpum nominative singular
noun 2 ʔalpāna nominative dual
noun 2 ʔalapūna nominative plural
noun 2 ʔalpam accusative singular
noun 2 ʔalpayna accusative dual
noun 2 ʔalapīna accusative plural
noun 2 ʔalpim genitive singular
noun 2 ʔalpayna genitive dual
ʔalp- noun 2 ʔalapīna genitive plural
noun 2 ʔalpī first-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVya first-person singular possessive
noun 2 - first-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVni first-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVka masculine second-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumā masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumay masculine second-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkum masculine second-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumū masculine second-person plural possessive
ʔalp- noun 2 ʔalpVki feminine second-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumā feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkumay feminine second-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkin feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVkinā feminine second-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšu masculine third-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumā masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumay masculine third-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšum masculine third-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumū masculine third-person plural possessive
ʔalp- noun 2 ʔalpVša feminine third-person singular possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumā feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšumay feminine third-person dual possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšin feminine third-person plural possessive
noun 2 ʔalpVšinā feminine third-person plural possessive

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
labiʔ- noun 2 labiʔ- canonical
noun 2 labuʔ- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
baṭal- verb 2 no-table-tags table-tags
verb 2 sem-pro-conj-a/*paʕala-*yipʕul inflection-template
verb 2 baṭl- noun-from-verb
verb 2 bāṭil- active participle
verb 2 baṭalku masculine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalka masculine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭala masculine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalkayā masculine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalkā masculine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalā masculine third-person dual perfect
baṭal- verb 2 baṭalna masculine first-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalkanu masculine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalū masculine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalku feminine first-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalki feminine second-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalat feminine third-person singular perfect
verb 2 baṭalkayā feminine first-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalkā feminine second-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalatā feminine third-person dual perfect
verb 2 baṭalna feminine first-person plural perfect
baṭal- verb 2 baṭalkina feminine second-person plural perfect
verb 2 baṭalā feminine third-person plural perfect
verb 2 ʔabṭul masculine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭul masculine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 yibṭul masculine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā masculine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 yabṭulā masculine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nibṭul masculine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulū masculine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yibṭulū masculine third-person plural imperfect
baṭal- verb 2 ʔabṭul feminine first-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulī feminine second-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭul feminine third-person singular imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine second-person dual imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine third-person dual imperfect
verb 2 nibṭul feminine first-person plural imperfect
verb 2 tabṭulā feminine second-person plural imperfect
verb 2 yibṭulā feminine third-person plural imperfect
verb 2 baṭul masculine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 baṭulā masculine second-person dual imperative
baṭal- verb 2 baṭulū masculine second-person plural imperative
verb 2 baṭulī feminine second-person singular imperative
verb 2 baṭulā feminine second-person dual imperative
verb 2 baṭulā feminine second-person plural imperative

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
šaḥ(a)r- noun 1 šaḥr- masculine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
mušy- noun 1 mušy- masculine canonical
noun 1 mušyat- feminine canonical

Word Part of speech Count Form Tags Other examples (may be other parts of speech)
yanaḳ- verb 1 conjugation *yiyniḳ- prefix


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (e79dea5 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.