See boss in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for boss meaning in English (98.8kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "laborer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "subordinate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "worker"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss battle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss boy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss button"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss-eyed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss fight"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bossism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss key"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bossless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bossling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss rush"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boss up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bossy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "final boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fire boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "like a boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "meet the new boss, same as the old boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "midboss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "miniboss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mini-boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "one's own boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pannikin boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "party boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pit-boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pit boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "show someone who's boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "show who's boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "show who's the boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "straw boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "teach someone who's the boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "teach who's boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "teach who's the boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "walking boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "who died and made you boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "you're the boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overboss"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "波士",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cantonese: 波士 (bo¹ si⁶⁻²)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cantonese: 波士 (bo¹ si⁶⁻²)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "boss",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: boss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: boss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "boss",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: boss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: boss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "bos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: bos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: bos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "boss",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: boss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: boss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ボス",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "bosu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ボス (bosu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ボス (bosu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "보스",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 보스 (boseu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 보스 (boseu)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "baas"
},
"expansion": "Dutch baas",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "baes",
"t": "master of a household, friend"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*baso",
"t": "uncle, kinsman"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*baswō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *baswō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*baswô",
"t": "uncle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bō-",
"4": "*ba-, *bō-",
"t": "father, older male relative"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "babe"
},
"expansion": "babe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boy"
},
"expansion": "boy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bub"
},
"expansion": "bub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bully"
},
"expansion": "bully",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bās",
"3": "",
"4": "supervisor, foreman"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bas",
"3": "",
"4": "master"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bas (“master”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Boas",
"t": "boss"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "basa",
"3": "",
"4": "father's sister, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Base",
"3": "",
"4": "aunt, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Base (“aunt, cousin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "borrowed"
},
"expansion": "borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "bosu",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "bosu"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "boss"
},
"expansion": "English boss",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-West Germanic *baswō, from Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”), source also of the English terms babe, boy, bub, bully. Cognate with Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”), Old Frisian bas (“master”), hence Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”), Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”), hence German Base (“aunt, cousin”).\nOriginally a term of respect used to address an older relative. Later, in New Amsterdam, it began to mean a person in charge who is not a master. The representation of Dutch -aa- by English -o- is due to the older unrounded pronunciation of this letter, which is still used in North America and parts of Ireland, but was formerly found in some British accents as well.\nThe video game sense is borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu), in turn from English boss.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (plural bosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "person"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief executive officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "CEO"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "criminal leader"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "floor manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "foreman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "general manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "line manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "middle manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "provost"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "stage manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "straw boss"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "employer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "important person"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "ruler"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 12 6 1 5 4 6 2 6 7 7 7 7 5 5 2 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English calculator words",
"parents": [
"Calculator words",
"Terms by orthographic property",
"Terms by lexical property"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 11 10 1 9 12 9 0 4 4 5 3 3 9 5 1 4 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 8 0 9 10 12 0 4 3 5 3 3 8 4 1 4 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 17 5 4 8 10 9 0 5 6 6 6 6 7 4 0 2 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "en:Leaders",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 21 0 3 0 9 10 0 8 8 8 8 8 5 5 0 0 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "February 18, 2018, Dawn Pine, Strategies for Dealing with a Bad Boss\nwe have some vindictive people as bosses, and you don’t want to be the target of their wrath."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who oversees and directs the work of others; a supervisor."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-tNmYfb3g",
"links": [
[
"supervisor",
"supervisor"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "68 17 0 7 3 6 0",
"sense": "person who oversees and directs the work of others",
"word": "line manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 17 0 7 3 6 0",
"sense": "person who oversees and directs the work of others",
"word": "manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 17 0 7 3 6 0",
"sense": "person who oversees and directs the work of others",
"word": "supervisor"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "nantʼán"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīs",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَئِيس"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīsa",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رَئِيسَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīr",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُدِير"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīra",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُدِيرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "verakacʿu",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "վերակացու"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "bal",
"lang": "Baluchi",
"roman": "sarok",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "سروک"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kiraŭník",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кіраўні́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kiraŭníca",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кіраўні́ца"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льнік"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnica",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льніца"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bos",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бос"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "halavá",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "галава́"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítel",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́тел"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítelka",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́телка"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šéfka",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ше́фка"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "superior"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "事頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"alt": "si⁶ tau⁴⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "事头"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老細"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "lou⁵ sai³",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老细"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老闆"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "lou⁵ baan²",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老板"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "zyu² gun²",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "主管"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老闆"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎobǎn",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老板"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǔguǎn",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "主管"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baas"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "opzichter"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "mastro"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "estro"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ülemus"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uprosi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "უფროსი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xelmʒɣvaneli",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ხელმძღვანელი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bosi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ბოსი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šepi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "შეფი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zedamxedveli",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ზედამხედველი"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "metvalq̇ure",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "მეთვალყურე"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Chefin"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proïstámenos",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "προϊστάμενος"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistátis",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "επιστάτης"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afentikó",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αφεντικό"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bos",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בּוֹס"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bósit",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בּוֹסִית"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मालिक"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "geh",
"lang": "Hutterisch",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wiet"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bas"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capo"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "principale"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"alt": "じょうし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jōshi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "上司"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caw vaay",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ចៅហ្វាយ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caang vaang",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ចាងហ្វាង"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"alt": "上官",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sanggwan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "상관"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"alt": "上司",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sangsa",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "상사"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "nāi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ນາຽ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ton",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ຕົ້ນ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ipsimus"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ipsima"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vadītājs"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vadītāja"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vadõvas"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vadovė"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viršininkas"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "viršininkė"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šefica",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шефица"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditel",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раководител"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditelka",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "раководителка"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "ra'is",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "رَئیس"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "modir",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "مُدیر"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bauss"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brygadzista"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kierownik"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kierowniczka"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szefowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supervisor"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "capataz"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹ",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "руководи́тель"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹnica",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руководи́тельница"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boss",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "босс"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnica",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льница"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "patrón",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "патро́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jefa"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patrón"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förman"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bas"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naai-ngaan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "นายงาน"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naai-jâang",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "นายจ้าง"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naai",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "นาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "หัวหน้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bɔ́ɔt",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "บอส"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kerivnýk",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "керівни́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kerivnýcja",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "керівни́ця"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnyk",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnycja",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льниця"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bos",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бос"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holová",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "голова́"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مالِک"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ông chủ"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "thủ trưởng"
},
{
"_dis1": "72 10 0 5 7 6 0",
"code": "zro",
"lang": "Záparo",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "akamínu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Chat turned to whisper when the boss entered the conference room.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "My boss complains that I'm always late to work.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person in charge of a business or company."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-2X9j0shD",
"links": [
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"company",
"company"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "employer"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "tukux̂"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "nantʼán"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīs",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَئِيس"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīsa",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رَئِيسَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīr",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُدِير"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīra",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُدِيرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "bal",
"lang": "Baluchi",
"roman": "sarok",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "سروک"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льнiк"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnica",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льнiца"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šéfka",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ше́фка"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rabotodátel",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "работода́тел"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rabotodátelka",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "работода́телка"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patró"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bwana"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老細"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老世"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "lou⁵ sai³",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老细"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老闆"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "lou⁵ baan²",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老板"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"alt": "bo¹ si⁶⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "波士"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "頭家"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "头家"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老闆"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎobǎn",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老板"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǔguǎn",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "主管"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "baş"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šéfka"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baas"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bazin"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ĉefo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ĉefulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ülemus"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xefa"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uprosi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "უფროსი"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xelmʒɣvaneli",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ხელმძღვანელი"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bosi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ბოსი"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šepi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "შეფი"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Chefin"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afentikó",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αφεντικό"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bós",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בּוֹס"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bósit",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בּוֹסִית"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मालिक"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "főnök"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stjóri"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bos"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bas"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "padrone"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"alt": "じょうし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jōshi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "上司"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "長"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bosu",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ボス"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "jra",
"lang": "Jarai",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "khua"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caw vaay",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ចៅហ្វាយ"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caang vaang",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ចាងហ្វាង"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"alt": "上司",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sangsa",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "상사"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "boseu",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "보스"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "chao nāi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ເຈົ້ານາຍ"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "domina"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ipsimus"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ipsima"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefs"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vadītājs"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vadītāja"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vadõvas"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vadovė"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefas"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viršininkas"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "viršininkė"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditel",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раководител"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditelka",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "раководителка"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bos"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "pāhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bóhólníhígíí"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "capa"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ogimaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "modir",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "مُدیر"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "kârfarmâ",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "کارْفَرْما"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bauss"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szefowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "naczelnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "naczelniczka"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "șefă"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scheffa"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boss",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "босс"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnica",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льница"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"informal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "га̏зда"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"informal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "gȁzda"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šéfka"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šefica"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jefa"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bwana"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "sardor",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "сардор"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "mudir",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "мудир"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jâo-naai",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "เจ้านาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naai",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "นาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "patron"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "amir"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "müdür"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "şef"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnyk",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnycja",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льниця"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مالِک"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 66 0 8 0 6 0",
"code": "zro",
"lang": "Záparo",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "akamínu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They named him boss because he had good leadership skills.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leader, the head of an organized group or team."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-KIAeNQvw",
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"team",
"team"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "head"
},
{
"word": "leader"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítel",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́тел"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítelka",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́телка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patró"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "頭兒"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóur",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "头儿"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "領導"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǐngdǎo",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "领导"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "領隊"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǐngduì",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "领队"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "mastro"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xelmʒɣvaneli",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "ხელმძღვანელი"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archigós",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχηγός"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditel",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раководител"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditelka",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "раководителка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "ogimaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹ",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "руководи́тель"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹnica",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руководи́тельница"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "หัวหน้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 53 41 1 3 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bɔ́ɔt",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "บอส"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He is the Republican boss in Kentucky.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The head of a political party in a given region or district."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-TRtcgJiY",
"links": [
[
"political",
"political"
],
[
"party",
"party"
],
[
"region",
"region"
],
[
"district",
"district"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "leader"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "nantʼán"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "líder",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ли́дер"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàlǎo",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "大佬"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "baş"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "lideri",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "ლიდერი"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archigós",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχηγός"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lider",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лидер"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "líder"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "líder",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ли́дер"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "voždʹ",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вождь"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 13 3 57 11 9 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "หัวหน้า"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Multicultural London English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Philippine English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 11 10 1 9 12 9 0 4 4 5 3 3 9 5 1 4 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 12 7 1 7 26 7 0 3 3 3 3 3 7 3 1 4 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms of address",
"parents": [
"Terms of address",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Yes, boss.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A term of address to a man."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-i9gwaN3L",
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, especially India, MLE and Philippines) A term of address to a man."
],
"tags": [
"India",
"Multicultural-London-English",
"Philippines",
"especially",
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 8 0 5 79 7 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 8 0 5 79 7 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 8 0 5 79 7 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 8 0 5 79 7 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šefe",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"vocative"
],
"word": "шефе"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 8 0 5 79 7 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 8 0 5 79 7 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 8 0 5 79 7 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Video games",
"orig": "en:Video games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Mass media",
"Software",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Media",
"Computing",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 8 0 9 10 12 0 4 3 5 3 3 8 4 1 4 6 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enemy, often at the end of a level, that is particularly challenging and must be beaten in order to progress."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-en:video_games",
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"level",
"level"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games) An enemy, often at the end of a level, that is particularly challenging and must be beaten in order to progress."
],
"senseid": [
"en:video games"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "guardian"
}
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "daai⁶ lou²",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "大佬"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "頭目"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóumù",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "头目"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baas"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eindbaas"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "estro"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "päävihollinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "pääkkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "fő ellenség"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bosu",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "ボス"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "mee",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "មេ"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kralica",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кралица"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefão"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guardião"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"informal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boss",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "босс"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 8 3 13 11 53 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bɔ́ɔt",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "บอส"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There's no olive oil; will sunflower oil do? — I'll have to run that by the boss.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wife."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-Wa7VirXS",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"Wife",
"wife"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(humorous) Wife."
],
"tags": [
"humorous"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "gov"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "guv"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "guvnor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "mate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "administrator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "commander"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "director"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "governor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head man"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "higher-up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "honcho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "leader"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "master"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "overseer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "sachem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"pejorative",
"slang"
],
"word": "suit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superintendent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superior"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overboss"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "baas"
},
"expansion": "Dutch baas",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "baes",
"t": "master of a household, friend"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*baso",
"t": "uncle, kinsman"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*baswō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *baswō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*baswô",
"t": "uncle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bō-",
"4": "*ba-, *bō-",
"t": "father, older male relative"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "babe"
},
"expansion": "babe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boy"
},
"expansion": "boy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bub"
},
"expansion": "bub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bully"
},
"expansion": "bully",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bās",
"3": "",
"4": "supervisor, foreman"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bas",
"3": "",
"4": "master"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bas (“master”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Boas",
"t": "boss"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "basa",
"3": "",
"4": "father's sister, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Base",
"3": "",
"4": "aunt, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Base (“aunt, cousin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "borrowed"
},
"expansion": "borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "bosu",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "bosu"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "boss"
},
"expansion": "English boss",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-West Germanic *baswō, from Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”), source also of the English terms babe, boy, bub, bully. Cognate with Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”), Old Frisian bas (“master”), hence Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”), Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”), hence German Base (“aunt, cousin”).\nOriginally a term of respect used to address an older relative. Later, in New Amsterdam, it began to mean a person in charge who is not a master. The representation of Dutch -aa- by English -o- is due to the older unrounded pronunciation of this letter, which is still used in North America and parts of Ireland, but was formerly found in some British accents as well.\nThe video game sense is borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu), in turn from English boss.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (third-person singular simple present bosses, present participle bossing, simple past and past participle bossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "boss about"
},
{
"word": "boss around"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1931, Robert L. May, Rudolph, The Red-Nosed Reindeer, Montgomery Ward (publisher)",
"text": "By YOU last night’s journey was actually bossed / Without you, I’m certain, we’d all have been lost."
},
{
"ref": "1932, Lorine Pruette, The Parent and the Happy Child, page 76",
"text": "His sisters bossed him and spoiled him. All their lives he was to go on being their little brother, who could do no wrong, because he was the baby; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, The purloined paperweight, page 90",
"text": "She bossed him, and he's never gotten over it. She still orders him around, and instead of telling her to go soak her head, he just says 'Yes, ma'am' as weak as a newborn jellyfish [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Jean Toomer, The wayward and the seeking: a collection of writings by Jean Toomer, page 40",
"text": "For if, on the one hand, I bossed him and showed him what to do and how to do it, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 June 14, Scott Mullen, “Scotland 0-2 Czech Republic”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "Clarke was undoubtedly made to change things and for spells, the Czechs bossed the game. Scotland's midfield was nullified, Dykes struggled to hold the ball up while, barring a small handful of forays by Robertson, there was a distinct lack of width from the Scots.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To exercise authoritative control over; to tell (someone) what to do, often repeatedly."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-verb-Sa2e-4tY",
"links": [
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To exercise authoritative control over; to tell (someone) what to do, often repeatedly."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lord over"
},
{
"word": "boss around"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razporeždam se",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "разпореждам се"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "督責"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dūzé",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "督责"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "pomottaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "komennella"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "comandare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukázyvatʹ",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ука́зывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasporjažátʹsja",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "распоряжа́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "komándovatʹ",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кома́ндовать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "dirigir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "mandar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "bossa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "baas"
},
"expansion": "Dutch baas",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "baes",
"t": "master of a household, friend"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*baso",
"t": "uncle, kinsman"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*baswō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *baswō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*baswô",
"t": "uncle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bō-",
"4": "*ba-, *bō-",
"t": "father, older male relative"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "babe"
},
"expansion": "babe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boy"
},
"expansion": "boy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bub"
},
"expansion": "bub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bully"
},
"expansion": "bully",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bās",
"3": "",
"4": "supervisor, foreman"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bas",
"3": "",
"4": "master"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bas (“master”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Boas",
"t": "boss"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "basa",
"3": "",
"4": "father's sister, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Base",
"3": "",
"4": "aunt, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Base (“aunt, cousin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "borrowed"
},
"expansion": "borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "bosu",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "bosu"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "boss"
},
"expansion": "English boss",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-West Germanic *baswō, from Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”), source also of the English terms babe, boy, bub, bully. Cognate with Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”), Old Frisian bas (“master”), hence Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”), Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”), hence German Base (“aunt, cousin”).\nOriginally a term of respect used to address an older relative. Later, in New Amsterdam, it began to mean a person in charge who is not a master. The representation of Dutch -aa- by English -o- is due to the older unrounded pronunciation of this letter, which is still used in North America and parts of Ireland, but was formerly found in some British accents as well.\nThe video game sense is borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu), in turn from English boss.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "boss (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Liverpudlian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 12 6 1 5 4 6 2 6 7 7 7 7 5 5 2 2 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English calculator words",
"parents": [
"Calculator words",
"Terms by orthographic property",
"Terms by lexical property"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 16 8 2 12 15 11 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms borrowed back into English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That is a boss Zefron poster.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of excellent quality, first-rate."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-adj-eIWBwyyw",
"links": [
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"first-rate",
"first-rate"
]
],
"qualifier": "Liverpool",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, US, Canada, Liverpool) Of excellent quality, first-rate."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"not-comparable",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "laborer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "subordinate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "worker"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bosslike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "emboss"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "bos"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bose"
},
"expansion": "bose",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "boce"
},
"expansion": "boce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boce",
"t": "lump, bulge, protuberance, knot"
},
"expansion": "Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*bottja"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *bottja",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bautaną",
"t": "to hit, strike, beat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beat"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beat",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bos, bose, boce, from Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”), from Frankish *bottja, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”). Doublet of beat; see there for more.",
"forms": [
{
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"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (plural bosses)",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "person"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief executive officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "CEO"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "criminal leader"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "floor manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "foreman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "general manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "line manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "middle manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "provost"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "stage manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "straw boss"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "employer"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "important person"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "ruler"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"A lump-like mass of rock, especially one projecting through a stratum of different rock."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-R2A52ILb",
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[
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"swelling"
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[
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"lump"
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[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
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[
"geology",
"geology"
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[
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"rock"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
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"(geology) A lump-like mass of rock, especially one projecting through a stratum of different rock."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"A convex protuberance in hammered work, especially the rounded projection in the centre of a shield."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-j6RB23dR",
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
],
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 47 9 14 9 3 7 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Buckel"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 47 9 14 9 3 7 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"word": "mol"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 47 9 14 9 3 7 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umbone"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 47 9 14 9 3 7 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "umbō"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 47 9 14 9 3 7 1",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "randbēag"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 47 9 14 9 3 7 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "göbek",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"word": "گوبك"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mechanics",
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
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}
],
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"A protrusion, frequently a cylinder of material that extends beyond a hole."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-k-M2Fn~7",
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"swelling"
],
[
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"lump"
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[
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"protuberance"
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[
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"mechanics"
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[
"protrusion",
"protrusion"
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[
"cylinder",
"cylinder"
],
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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"(mechanics) A protrusion, frequently a cylinder of material that extends beyond a hole."
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"mechanical-engineering",
"mechanics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izpǎknalost",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "изпъкналост"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izdatina",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "издатина"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bund"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kragen"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Überstand"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stulp"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sockel"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "ga",
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"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mol"
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{
"_dis1": "11 9 57 8 8 2 2 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
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"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вы́ступ"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "relef",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "релеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rozetka",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "розетка"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clé de voûte"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Abhängling"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlußstein"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlussstein"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knoten"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knauf"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hängezapfen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bugna"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 36 21 13 1 4 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brosza"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Architectural elements",
"orig": "en:Architectural elements",
"parents": [
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"A knob or projection, usually at the intersection of ribs in a vault."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-G8zURF~g",
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
],
[
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"lump"
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[
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"protuberance"
],
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"knob",
"knob"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"intersection",
"intersection"
],
[
"rib",
"rib"
],
[
"vault",
"vault"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"(architecture) A knob or projection, usually at the intersection of ribs in a vault."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: tuberosity"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-MDkprtEA",
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
],
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Archery",
"orig": "en:Archery",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Weapons",
"Human activity",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A target block, made of foam but historically made of hay bales, to which a target face is attached."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-Palk-rEP",
"links": [
[
"archery",
"archery"
],
[
"target",
"target"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archery) A target block, made of foam but historically made of hay bales, to which a target face is attached."
],
"topics": [
"archery",
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"sports",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1842, Peter Nicholson, The Mechanic's Companion",
"text": "Boss, a short trough for holding water, when tiling the roof",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wooden vessel for the mortar used in tiling or masonry, hung by a hook from the laths, or from the rounds of a ladder."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-0-bnhh0H"
},
{
"glosses": [
"A head or reservoir of water."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-72w9NbKT",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"reservoir",
"reservoir"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "administrator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "commander"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "director"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "governor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head man"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "higher-up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "honcho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "leader"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "master"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "overseer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "sachem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
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"slang"
],
"word": "suit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superintendent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superior"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "supervisor"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "bos"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
{
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},
"expansion": "boce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
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"t": "lump, bulge, protuberance, knot"
},
"expansion": "Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "frk",
"3": "*bottja"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *bottja",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bautaną",
"t": "to hit, strike, beat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beat"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beat",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bos, bose, boce, from Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”), from Frankish *bottja, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”). Doublet of beat; see there for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (third-person singular simple present bosses, present participle bossing, simple past and past participle bossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To decorate with bosses; to emboss."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-verb-vQk2C2PF",
"links": [
[
"decorate",
"decorate"
],
[
"emboss",
"emboss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To decorate with bosses; to emboss."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "laborer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "subordinate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "worker"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bass"
},
"expansion": "bass",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Apparently a corruption of bass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (plural bosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "person"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief executive officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "CEO"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "criminal leader"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "floor manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "foreman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "general manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "line manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "middle manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "provost"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "stage manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "straw boss"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "employer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "important person"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "ruler"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1916, James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Macmillan Press Ltd, paperback, section 36",
"text": "All were waiting : uncle Charles, who sat far away in the shadow of the window, Dante and Mr Casey, who sat in the easy chairs at either side of the hearth, Stephen, seated on a chair between them, his feet resting on a toasting boss.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hassock or small seat, especially made from a bundle of straw."
],
"id": "en-boss-en-noun-nBcIlgO3",
"links": [
[
"hassock",
"hassock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A hassock or small seat, especially made from a bundle of straw."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "hassock or footrest",
"word": "footrest"
},
{
"sense": "hassock or footrest",
"word": "hassock"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a hassock or footrest",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Sitzkissen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a hassock or footrest",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Polsterhocker"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a hassock or footrest",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fußstütze"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "administrator"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "commander"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "director"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "governor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head man"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "higher-up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "honcho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "leader"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "master"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "overseer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "sachem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"pejorative",
"slang"
],
"word": "suit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superintendent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superior"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "supervisor"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "laborer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "subordinate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "worker"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms borrowed from Japanese",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Japanese",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Southern Thai translations",
"Requests for review of Thai translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "boss battle"
},
{
"word": "boss boy"
},
{
"word": "boss button"
},
{
"word": "boss-eyed"
},
{
"word": "boss fight"
},
{
"word": "boss head"
},
{
"word": "bossism"
},
{
"word": "boss key"
},
{
"word": "bossless"
},
{
"word": "bossling"
},
{
"word": "boss rush"
},
{
"word": "boss up"
},
{
"word": "bossy"
},
{
"word": "final boss"
},
{
"word": "fire boss"
},
{
"word": "like a boss"
},
{
"word": "meet the new boss, same as the old boss"
},
{
"word": "midboss"
},
{
"word": "miniboss"
},
{
"word": "mini-boss"
},
{
"word": "one's own boss"
},
{
"word": "overboss"
},
{
"word": "pannikin boss"
},
{
"word": "party boss"
},
{
"word": "pit-boss"
},
{
"word": "pit boss"
},
{
"word": "show someone who's boss"
},
{
"word": "show who's boss"
},
{
"word": "show who's the boss"
},
{
"word": "straw boss"
},
{
"word": "teach someone who's the boss"
},
{
"word": "teach who's boss"
},
{
"word": "teach who's the boss"
},
{
"word": "walking boss"
},
{
"word": "who died and made you boss"
},
{
"word": "you're the boss"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "波士",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cantonese: 波士 (bo¹ si⁶⁻²)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cantonese: 波士 (bo¹ si⁶⁻²)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "boss",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: boss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: boss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "boss",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: boss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: boss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "bos",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: bos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: bos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "boss",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: boss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: boss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ボス",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "bosu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ボス (bosu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ボス (bosu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "보스",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 보스 (boseu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 보스 (boseu)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "baas"
},
"expansion": "Dutch baas",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "baes",
"t": "master of a household, friend"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*baso",
"t": "uncle, kinsman"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*baswō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *baswō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*baswô",
"t": "uncle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bō-",
"4": "*ba-, *bō-",
"t": "father, older male relative"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "babe"
},
"expansion": "babe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boy"
},
"expansion": "boy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bub"
},
"expansion": "bub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bully"
},
"expansion": "bully",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bās",
"3": "",
"4": "supervisor, foreman"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bas",
"3": "",
"4": "master"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bas (“master”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Boas",
"t": "boss"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "basa",
"3": "",
"4": "father's sister, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Base",
"3": "",
"4": "aunt, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Base (“aunt, cousin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "borrowed"
},
"expansion": "borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "bosu",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "bosu"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "boss"
},
"expansion": "English boss",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-West Germanic *baswō, from Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”), source also of the English terms babe, boy, bub, bully. Cognate with Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”), Old Frisian bas (“master”), hence Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”), Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”), hence German Base (“aunt, cousin”).\nOriginally a term of respect used to address an older relative. Later, in New Amsterdam, it began to mean a person in charge who is not a master. The representation of Dutch -aa- by English -o- is due to the older unrounded pronunciation of this letter, which is still used in North America and parts of Ireland, but was formerly found in some British accents as well.\nThe video game sense is borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu), in turn from English boss.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (plural bosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "person"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief executive officer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "CEO"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "criminal leader"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "floor manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "foreman"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "general manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "line manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "middle manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "provost"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "stage manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "straw boss"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "employer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "important person"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "ruler"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "February 18, 2018, Dawn Pine, Strategies for Dealing with a Bad Boss\nwe have some vindictive people as bosses, and you don’t want to be the target of their wrath."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who oversees and directs the work of others; a supervisor."
],
"links": [
[
"supervisor",
"supervisor"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Chat turned to whisper when the boss entered the conference room.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "My boss complains that I'm always late to work.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person in charge of a business or company."
],
"links": [
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"company",
"company"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "employer"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They named him boss because he had good leadership skills.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leader, the head of an organized group or team."
],
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"team",
"team"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "head"
},
{
"word": "leader"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He is the Republican boss in Kentucky.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The head of a political party in a given region or district."
],
"links": [
[
"political",
"political"
],
[
"party",
"party"
],
[
"region",
"region"
],
[
"district",
"district"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "leader"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Indian English",
"Multicultural London English",
"Philippine English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Yes, boss.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A term of address to a man."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, especially India, MLE and Philippines) A term of address to a man."
],
"tags": [
"India",
"Multicultural-London-English",
"Philippines",
"especially",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Video games"
],
"glosses": [
"An enemy, often at the end of a level, that is particularly challenging and must be beaten in order to progress."
],
"links": [
[
"video game",
"video game"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"level",
"level"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(video games) An enemy, often at the end of a level, that is particularly challenging and must be beaten in order to progress."
],
"senseid": [
"en:video games"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "guardian"
}
],
"topics": [
"video-games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There's no olive oil; will sunflower oil do? — I'll have to run that by the boss.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wife."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"Wife",
"wife"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(humorous) Wife."
],
"tags": [
"humorous"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "person who oversees and directs the work of others",
"word": "line manager"
},
{
"sense": "person who oversees and directs the work of others",
"word": "manager"
},
{
"sense": "person who oversees and directs the work of others",
"word": "supervisor"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "gov"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "guv"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "guvnor"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "mate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "administrator"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "boss"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "commander"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "director"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "governor"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head man"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "higher-up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "honcho"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "leader"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "master"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "overseer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "sachem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"pejorative",
"slang"
],
"word": "suit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superintendent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superior"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "nantʼán"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīs",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَئِيس"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīsa",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رَئِيسَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīr",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُدِير"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīra",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُدِيرَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "verakacʿu",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "վերակացու"
},
{
"code": "bal",
"lang": "Baluchi",
"roman": "sarok",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "سروک"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kiraŭník",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кіраўні́к"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kiraŭníca",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кіраўні́ца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льнік"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnica",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льніца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bos",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бос"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "halavá",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "галава́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítel",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́тел"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítelka",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́телка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šéfka",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ше́фка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "superior"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "事頭"
},
{
"alt": "si⁶ tau⁴⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "事头"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老細"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "lou⁵ sai³",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老细"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老闆"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "lou⁵ baan²",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老板"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "zyu² gun²",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "主管"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老闆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎobǎn",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "老板"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǔguǎn",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "主管"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baas"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "opzichter"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "mastro"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "estro"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ülemus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uprosi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "უფროსი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xelmʒɣvaneli",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ხელმძღვანელი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bosi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ბოსი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šepi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "შეფი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zedamxedveli",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ზედამხედველი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "metvalq̇ure",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "მეთვალყურე"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Chefin"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "proïstámenos",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "προϊστάμενος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epistátis",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "επιστάτης"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afentikó",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αφεντικό"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bos",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בּוֹס"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bósit",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בּוֹסִית"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मालिक"
},
{
"code": "geh",
"lang": "Hutterisch",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Wiet"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "principale"
},
{
"alt": "じょうし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jōshi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "上司"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caw vaay",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ចៅហ្វាយ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caang vaang",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ចាងហ្វាង"
},
{
"alt": "上官",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sanggwan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "상관"
},
{
"alt": "上司",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sangsa",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "상사"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "nāi",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ນາຽ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ton",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ຕົ້ນ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ipsimus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ipsima"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vadītājs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vadītāja"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vadõvas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vadovė"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viršininkas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "viršininkė"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šefica",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "шефица"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditel",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раководител"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditelka",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "раководителка"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "ra'is",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "رَئیس"
},
{
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "modir",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "مُدیر"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bauss"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brygadzista"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kierownik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kierowniczka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szefowa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "supervisor"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "capataz"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹ",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "руководи́тель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹnica",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руководи́тельница"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boss",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "босс"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnica",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льница"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "patrón",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "патро́н"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jefa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patrón"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förman"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "bas"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naai-ngaan",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "นายงาน"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naai-jâang",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "นายจ้าง"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naai",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "นาย"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "หัวหน้า"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bɔ́ɔt",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "บอส"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kerivnýk",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "керівни́к"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kerivnýcja",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "керівни́ця"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnyk",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnycja",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льниця"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bos",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бос"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holová",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "голова́"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "supervisor",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مالِک"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "ông chủ"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "thủ trưởng"
},
{
"code": "zro",
"lang": "Záparo",
"sense": "supervisor",
"word": "akamínu"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shef"
},
{
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "tukux̂"
},
{
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "nantʼán"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīs",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَئِيس"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīsa",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رَئِيسَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīr",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُدِير"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīra",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُدِيرَة"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"code": "bal",
"lang": "Baluchi",
"roman": "sarok",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "سروک"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льнiк"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnica",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льнiца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šéfka",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ше́фка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rabotodátel",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "работода́тел"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rabotodátelka",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "работода́телка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patró"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bwana"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老細"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老世"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "lou⁵ sai³",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老细"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老闆"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "lou⁵ baan²",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老板"
},
{
"alt": "bo¹ si⁶⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "波士"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "頭家"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "头家"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老闆"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎobǎn",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "老板"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǔguǎn",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "主管"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "baş"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šéfka"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baas"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bazin"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ĉefo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ĉefulo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ülemus"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "boss"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xefa"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uprosi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "უფროსი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xelmʒɣvaneli",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ხელმძღვანელი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bosi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ბოსი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šepi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "შეფი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Chefin"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afentikó",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αφεντικό"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bós",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "בּוֹס"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bósit",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בּוֹסִית"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मालिक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "főnök"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stjóri"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bos"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "padrone"
},
{
"alt": "じょうし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "jōshi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "上司"
},
{
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "長"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bosu",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ボス"
},
{
"code": "jra",
"lang": "Jarai",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "khua"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caw vaay",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ចៅហ្វាយ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "caang vaang",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ចាងហ្វាង"
},
{
"alt": "上司",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sangsa",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "상사"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "boseu",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "보스"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "chao nāi",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ເຈົ້ານາຍ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "domina"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ipsimus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ipsima"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vadītājs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vadītāja"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vadõvas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vadovė"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viršininkas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "viršininkė"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditel",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раководител"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditelka",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "раководителка"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bos"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "pāhi"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bóhólníhígíí"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "capa"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "ogimaa"
},
{
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "modir",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "مُدیر"
},
{
"code": "fa-ira",
"lang": "Iranian Persian",
"roman": "kârfarmâ",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "کارْفَرْما"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bauss"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szefowa"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "naczelnik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "naczelniczka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șef"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "șefă"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schef"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scheffa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boss",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "босс"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnica",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льница"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"informal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "га̏зда"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"informal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "gȁzda"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šéfka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šef"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šefica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jefa"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "bwana"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "sardor",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "сардор"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "mudir",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "мудир"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jâo-naai",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "เจ้านาย"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naai",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "นาย"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "patron"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "amir"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "müdür"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "şef"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnyk",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnycja",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льниця"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "person in charge",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مالِک"
},
{
"code": "zro",
"lang": "Záparo",
"sense": "person in charge",
"word": "akamínu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítel",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́тел"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítelka",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́телка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patró"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "頭兒"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóur",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "头儿"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "領導"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǐngdǎo",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "领导"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "領隊"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǐngduì",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "领队"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "mastro"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "pomo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xelmʒɣvaneli",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "ხელმძღვანელი"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archigós",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχηγός"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditel",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "раководител"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rakovoditelka",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "раководителка"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "ogimaa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹ",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "руководи́тель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹnica",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "руководи́тельница"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "หัวหน้า"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bɔ́ɔt",
"sense": "leader, head of an organised team",
"word": "บอส"
},
{
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "nantʼán"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "líder",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ли́дер"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàlǎo",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "大佬"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "baş"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "lideri",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "ლიდერი"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archigós",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχηγός"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lider",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лидер"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "líder"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "líder",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ли́дер"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "voždʹ",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вождь"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa",
"sense": "head of a political party",
"word": "หัวหน้า"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "patron"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dominus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šefe",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"vocative"
],
"word": "шефе"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "term of address to a man",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "daai⁶ lou²",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "大佬"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "頭目"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóumù",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "头目"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baas"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eindbaas"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "estro"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "päävihollinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "pääkkä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "fő ellenség"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bosu",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "ボス"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "mee",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "មេ"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kralica",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кралица"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"Brazil",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefão"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guardião"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"informal",
"masculine"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boss",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "босс"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "boss"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bɔ́ɔt",
"sense": "enemy in video game",
"word": "บอส"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms borrowed from Japanese",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Japanese",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Southern Thai translations",
"Requests for review of Thai translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "boss about"
},
{
"word": "boss around"
},
{
"word": "overboss"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "baas"
},
"expansion": "Dutch baas",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "baes",
"t": "master of a household, friend"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*baso",
"t": "uncle, kinsman"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*baswō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *baswō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*baswô",
"t": "uncle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bō-",
"4": "*ba-, *bō-",
"t": "father, older male relative"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "babe"
},
"expansion": "babe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boy"
},
"expansion": "boy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bub"
},
"expansion": "bub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bully"
},
"expansion": "bully",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bās",
"3": "",
"4": "supervisor, foreman"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bas",
"3": "",
"4": "master"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bas (“master”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Boas",
"t": "boss"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "basa",
"3": "",
"4": "father's sister, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Base",
"3": "",
"4": "aunt, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Base (“aunt, cousin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "borrowed"
},
"expansion": "borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "bosu",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "bosu"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "boss"
},
"expansion": "English boss",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-West Germanic *baswō, from Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”), source also of the English terms babe, boy, bub, bully. Cognate with Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”), Old Frisian bas (“master”), hence Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”), Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”), hence German Base (“aunt, cousin”).\nOriginally a term of respect used to address an older relative. Later, in New Amsterdam, it began to mean a person in charge who is not a master. The representation of Dutch -aa- by English -o- is due to the older unrounded pronunciation of this letter, which is still used in North America and parts of Ireland, but was formerly found in some British accents as well.\nThe video game sense is borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu), in turn from English boss.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (third-person singular simple present bosses, present participle bossing, simple past and past participle bossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1931, Robert L. May, Rudolph, The Red-Nosed Reindeer, Montgomery Ward (publisher)",
"text": "By YOU last night’s journey was actually bossed / Without you, I’m certain, we’d all have been lost."
},
{
"ref": "1932, Lorine Pruette, The Parent and the Happy Child, page 76",
"text": "His sisters bossed him and spoiled him. All their lives he was to go on being their little brother, who could do no wrong, because he was the baby; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, The purloined paperweight, page 90",
"text": "She bossed him, and he's never gotten over it. She still orders him around, and instead of telling her to go soak her head, he just says 'Yes, ma'am' as weak as a newborn jellyfish [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Jean Toomer, The wayward and the seeking: a collection of writings by Jean Toomer, page 40",
"text": "For if, on the one hand, I bossed him and showed him what to do and how to do it, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2021 June 14, Scott Mullen, “Scotland 0-2 Czech Republic”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "Clarke was undoubtedly made to change things and for spells, the Czechs bossed the game. Scotland's midfield was nullified, Dykes struggled to hold the ball up while, barring a small handful of forays by Robertson, there was a distinct lack of width from the Scots.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To exercise authoritative control over; to tell (someone) what to do, often repeatedly."
],
"links": [
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To exercise authoritative control over; to tell (someone) what to do, often repeatedly."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lord over"
},
{
"word": "boss around"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razporeždam se",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "разпореждам се"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "督責"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dūzé",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "督责"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "pomottaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "komennella"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "comandare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ukázyvatʹ",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ука́зывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rasporjažátʹsja",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "распоряжа́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "komándovatʹ",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кома́ндовать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "dirigir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "mandar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to exercise authority over (someone)",
"word": "bossa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed back into English",
"English terms borrowed from Dutch",
"English terms borrowed from Japanese",
"English terms derived from Dutch",
"English terms derived from Japanese",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Southern Thai translations",
"Requests for review of Thai translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nl",
"3": "baas"
},
"expansion": "Dutch baas",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "baes",
"t": "master of a household, friend"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*baso",
"t": "uncle, kinsman"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*baswō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *baswō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*baswô",
"t": "uncle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bō-",
"4": "*ba-, *bō-",
"t": "father, older male relative"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "babe"
},
"expansion": "babe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boy"
},
"expansion": "boy",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bub"
},
"expansion": "bub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bully"
},
"expansion": "bully",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bās",
"3": "",
"4": "supervisor, foreman"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bas",
"3": "",
"4": "master"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian bas (“master”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Boas",
"t": "boss"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "basa",
"3": "",
"4": "father's sister, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Base",
"3": "",
"4": "aunt, cousin"
},
"expansion": "Base (“aunt, cousin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "borrowed"
},
"expansion": "borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "bosu",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ja",
"3": "ボス",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "bosu"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "en",
"3": "boss"
},
"expansion": "English boss",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch baas, from Middle Dutch baes (“master of a household, friend”), from Old Dutch *baso (“uncle, kinsman”), from Proto-West Germanic *baswō, from Proto-Germanic *baswô (“uncle”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *ba-, *bō- (“father, older male relative”), source also of the English terms babe, boy, bub, bully. Cognate with Middle Low German bās (“supervisor, foreman”), Old Frisian bas (“master”), hence Saterland Frisian Boas (“boss”), Old High German basa (“father's sister, cousin”), hence German Base (“aunt, cousin”).\nOriginally a term of respect used to address an older relative. Later, in New Amsterdam, it began to mean a person in charge who is not a master. The representation of Dutch -aa- by English -o- is due to the older unrounded pronunciation of this letter, which is still used in North America and parts of Ireland, but was formerly found in some British accents as well.\nThe video game sense is borrowed from Japanese ボス (bosu), in turn from English boss.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "boss (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"Canadian English",
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Liverpudlian English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That is a boss Zefron poster.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of excellent quality, first-rate."
],
"links": [
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"first-rate",
"first-rate"
]
],
"qualifier": "Liverpool",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, US, Canada, Liverpool) Of excellent quality, first-rate."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"not-comparable",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "laborer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "subordinate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "worker"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bosslike"
},
{
"word": "emboss"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bos"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bose"
},
"expansion": "bose",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "boce"
},
"expansion": "boce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boce",
"t": "lump, bulge, protuberance, knot"
},
"expansion": "Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*bottja"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *bottja",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bautaną",
"t": "to hit, strike, beat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beat"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beat",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bos, bose, boce, from Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”), from Frankish *bottja, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”). Doublet of beat; see there for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (plural bosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "person"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief executive officer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "CEO"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "criminal leader"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "floor manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "foreman"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "general manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "line manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "middle manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "provost"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "stage manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "straw boss"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "employer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "important person"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "ruler"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"A lump-like mass of rock, especially one projecting through a stratum of different rock."
],
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
],
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
],
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"(geology) A lump-like mass of rock, especially one projecting through a stratum of different rock."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"A convex protuberance in hammered work, especially the rounded projection in the centre of a shield."
],
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
],
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mechanics"
],
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"A protrusion, frequently a cylinder of material that extends beyond a hole."
],
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
],
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
],
[
"mechanics",
"mechanics"
],
[
"protrusion",
"protrusion"
],
[
"cylinder",
"cylinder"
],
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"(mechanics) A protrusion, frequently a cylinder of material that extends beyond a hole."
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"mechanical-engineering",
"mechanics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Architectural elements"
],
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"A knob or projection, usually at the intersection of ribs in a vault."
],
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
],
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
],
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"knob",
"knob"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"intersection",
"intersection"
],
[
"rib",
"rib"
],
[
"vault",
"vault"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object.",
"(architecture) A knob or projection, usually at the intersection of ribs in a vault."
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: tuberosity"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A swelling, lump or protuberance in an animal, person or object."
],
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
],
[
"lump",
"lump"
],
[
"protuberance",
"protuberance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Archery"
],
"glosses": [
"A target block, made of foam but historically made of hay bales, to which a target face is attached."
],
"links": [
[
"archery",
"archery"
],
[
"target",
"target"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archery) A target block, made of foam but historically made of hay bales, to which a target face is attached."
],
"topics": [
"archery",
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"sports",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1842, Peter Nicholson, The Mechanic's Companion",
"text": "Boss, a short trough for holding water, when tiling the roof",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wooden vessel for the mortar used in tiling or masonry, hung by a hook from the laths, or from the rounds of a ladder."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A head or reservoir of water."
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"reservoir",
"reservoir"
],
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "administrator"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "boss"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "commander"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "director"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "governor"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head man"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "higher-up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "honcho"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "leader"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "master"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "overseer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "sachem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"pejorative",
"slang"
],
"word": "suit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superintendent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superior"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "supervisor"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Buckel"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"word": "mol"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "umbone"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "umbō"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "randbēag"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "göbek",
"sense": "projection in centre of shield",
"word": "گوبك"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izpǎknalost",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "изпъкналост"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izdatina",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "издатина"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bund"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kragen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Überstand"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vorsprung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stulp"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Sockel"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mol"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výstup",
"sense": "mechanics: a protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вы́ступ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "relef",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "релеф"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rozetka",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "розетка"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clé de voûte"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Abhängling"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlußstein"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlussstein"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knoten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Knauf"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hängezapfen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bugna"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "architecture: knob or protrusion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "brosza"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bos"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bose"
},
"expansion": "bose",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "boce"
},
"expansion": "boce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "boce",
"t": "lump, bulge, protuberance, knot"
},
"expansion": "Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*bottja"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *bottja",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bautaną",
"t": "to hit, strike, beat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beat"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beat",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bos, bose, boce, from Old French boce (“lump, bulge, protuberance, knot”), from Frankish *bottja, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to hit, strike, beat”). Doublet of beat; see there for more.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bossed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bossed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (third-person singular simple present bosses, present participle bossing, simple past and past participle bossed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To decorate with bosses; to emboss."
],
"links": [
[
"decorate",
"decorate"
],
[
"emboss",
"emboss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To decorate with bosses; to emboss."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "laborer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "subordinate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "worker"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms of address",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs",
"Rhymes:English/ɒs/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːs/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bass"
},
"expansion": "bass",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Apparently a corruption of bass.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boss (plural bosses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "person"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief executive officer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "CEO"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "criminal leader"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "floor manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "foreman"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "general manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "line manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "middle manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "provost"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "stage manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "straw boss"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "employer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "important person"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "ruler"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1916, James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Macmillan Press Ltd, paperback, section 36",
"text": "All were waiting : uncle Charles, who sat far away in the shadow of the window, Dante and Mr Casey, who sat in the easy chairs at either side of the hearth, Stephen, seated on a chair between them, his feet resting on a toasting boss.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hassock or small seat, especially made from a bundle of straw."
],
"links": [
[
"hassock",
"hassock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A hassock or small seat, especially made from a bundle of straw."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɒs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒs"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːs"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-boss.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-boss.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-boss.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg/En-us-boss.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/En-us-boss.ogg",
"tags": [
"US",
"cot-caught-merger"
],
"text": "Audio (US cot-caught merged)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "hassock or footrest",
"word": "footrest"
},
{
"sense": "hassock or footrest",
"word": "hassock"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "administrator"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "boss"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "commander"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "director"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "governor"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "head man"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "higher-up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "honcho"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "leader"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "manager"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "master"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "overseer"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "sachem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"tags": [
"pejorative",
"slang"
],
"word": "suit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superintendent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "superior"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:boss",
"word": "supervisor"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a hassock or footrest",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Sitzkissen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a hassock or footrest",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Polsterhocker"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a hassock or footrest",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Fußstütze"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Boss (video games)",
"Supervisor"
],
"word": "boss"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": thâu-ke vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"boss"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "boss",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''A swelling, lump or protuberan'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"boss"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "boss",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.