See chef in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "au premier chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'accusation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de cabinet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de chœur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de guerre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de projet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef-d’œuvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef-lieu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "couvre-chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "de son chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "de son propre chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "derechef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "opiner du chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rédacteur en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rédactrice en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de bande"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de file"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'État"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'orchestre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "en chef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chief",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kaput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cap"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cap",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 17 2 29 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"english": "to nod",
"text": "opiner du chef",
"translation": "to nod",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now literary) head"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
15
]
],
"english": "the main points of a request",
"text": "les principaux chefs d’une demande",
"translation": "the main points of a request",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"article, principal point"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-xhsc7mJK",
"links": [
[
"article",
"article"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
46,
51
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"english": "The prosecutor insisted on reading off the counts of indictment again.",
"text": "Le procureur a tenu à refaire une lecture des chefs d’accusation.",
"translation": "The prosecutor insisted on reading off the counts of indictment again.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"principal motive, charge, count of indictment"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-Lj07NEXz",
"links": [
[
"principal",
"principal"
],
[
"motive",
"motive"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"indictment",
"indictment"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "fr:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"english": "or, a chief gules",
"text": "d'or au chef de gueules",
"translation": "or, a chief gules",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chief; top third of a coat of arms"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-QFBevU4K",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"coat of arms",
"coat of arms"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) chief; top third of a coat of arms"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg/Fr-chef.ogg.mp3",
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},
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},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-chef.wav.mp3",
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},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffe"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffes"
},
{
"homophone": "chefs"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de bande"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de file"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'État"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'orchestre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "adjudant-chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chef de famille"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chef de partie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chef d'entreprise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chef d'état-major"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cheffe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chefferie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cheftaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "commandant en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "couteau de chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ingénieur en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sergent-chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sous-chef"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šēf",
"word": "شيف"
},
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шэф"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "xef"
},
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "şef"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sèf"
},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sep"
},
{
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "sèp",
"word": "ꦱꦺꦥ꧀"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "shèf"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cef"
},
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "xeff"
},
{
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "chéep",
"word": "เชฟ"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "sef",
"word": "σεφ"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "shef",
"word": "שֶׁף"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "séf"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "shefu",
"word": "シェフ"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "syepeu",
"word": "셰프"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "šefas"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "szef"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "șef"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "շեֆ"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šepi",
"word": "შეფი"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "շեֆ"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šepi",
"word": "შეფი"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"pre-1918 spelling"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шефъ"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "şef"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sếp"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "shef",
"word": "שעף"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chief",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
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"expansion": "Old French chief",
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},
{
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"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
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},
{
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "itc-pro",
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"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
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{
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"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cap"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cap",
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],
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{
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},
{
"form": "cheffe",
"tags": [
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}
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}
],
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],
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"translation": "Creating in prestigious establishments caused many of his recipes to be later taken up by other cooks, and thus Escoffier made French cuisine internationally known.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
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"French entries with incorrect language header",
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"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:French/ɛf"
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"word": "au premier chef"
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{
"word": "chef d'accusation"
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{
"word": "chef de bande"
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{
"word": "chef de cabinet"
},
{
"word": "chef de chœur"
},
{
"word": "chef de file"
},
{
"word": "chef de guerre"
},
{
"word": "chef de projet"
},
{
"word": "chef d'État"
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{
"word": "chef d'orchestre"
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{
"word": "chef-d’œuvre"
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{
"word": "chef-lieu"
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{
"word": "couvre-chef"
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{
"word": "de son chef"
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{
"word": "de son propre chef"
},
{
"word": "derechef"
},
{
"word": "en chef"
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{
"word": "opiner du chef"
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{
"word": "rédacteur en chef"
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{
"word": "rédactrice en chef"
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{
"args": {
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"links": [
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"head"
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"raw_glosses": [
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],
"glosses": [
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],
"glosses": [
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[
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[
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[
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"tags": [
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"type": "example"
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],
"glosses": [
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"links": [
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[
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
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"tags": [
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"topics": [
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{
"word": "chef de bande"
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{
"word": "chef de famille"
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{
"word": "chef de file"
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{
"word": "chef de partie"
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{
"word": "chef d'entreprise"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"word": "cheftaine"
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{
"word": "commandant en chef"
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{
"word": "couteau de chef"
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{
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{
"word": "ingénieur en chef"
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{
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{
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"lang_code": "ar",
"raw_tags": [
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"roman": "šēf",
"word": "شيف"
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{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шэф"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "xef"
},
{
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"lang_code": "crh",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "şef"
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Caribbean Javanese",
"lang_code": "jvn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sèf"
},
{
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sep"
},
{
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "sèp",
"word": "ꦱꦺꦥ꧀"
},
{
"lang": "Papiamentu",
"lang_code": "pap",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "shèf"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cef"
},
{
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "xeff"
},
{
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "chéep",
"word": "เชฟ"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "sef",
"word": "σεφ"
},
{
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "shef",
"word": "שֶׁף"
},
{
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "séf"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "shefu",
"word": "シェフ"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "syepeu",
"word": "셰프"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "šefas"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"lang": "Pannonian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rsk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "szef"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "șef"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "շեֆ"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šepi",
"word": "შეფი"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "շեֆ"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šepi",
"word": "შეფი"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"pre-1918 spelling"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шефъ"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "şef"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "šef",
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "sếp"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "shef",
"word": "שעף"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chief",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kaput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cap"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cap",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "cheffe"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs, feminine cheffe)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "achever"
},
{
"word": "achèvement"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
19
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
20
]
],
"english": "The pope is the head of the church.",
"text": "Le pape est le chef de l’Église.",
"translation": "The pope is the head of the church.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a boss, chief, leader"
],
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
96,
101
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
96,
101
]
],
"english": "Creating in prestigious establishments caused many of his recipes to be later taken up by other cooks, and thus Escoffier made French cuisine internationally known.",
"text": "Créant dans des établissements de prestige de nombreuses recettes reprises ensuite par d'autres chefs, Escoffier a fait connaitre internationalement la cuisine française.",
"translation": "Creating in prestigious establishments caused many of his recipes to be later taken up by other cooks, and thus Escoffier made French cuisine internationally known.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a culinary chef, chief cook"
],
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg/Fr-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Bananax47-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Bananax47-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Bananax47-chef.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Bananax47-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Bananax47-chef.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-chef.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-chef.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-chef.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-chef.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lepticed7-chef.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-chef.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-chef.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Poslovitch-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/23/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Poslovitch-chef.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-chef.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/57/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick-chef.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffe"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffes"
},
{
"homophone": "chefs"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chef meaning in French (20.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.