See chef on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for chef meaning in All languages combined (77.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autochef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de cuisine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de mission"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de rang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'oeuvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef-d'œuvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'œuvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefdom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheffery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheffy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheflike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefmanship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Chef Mike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef salad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheftender"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefware"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef watcher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefwear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "head chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pastry chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "robochef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "short-order chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "station chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "subchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "superchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "uberchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "underchef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "head, leader"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief (“head, leader”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"3": "",
"4": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "head",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chief and caput",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (from the positions of chef d'office and chef de cuisine), from Old French chief (“head, leader”) (English chief), from Vulgar Latin capus (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chief and caput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chef (plural chefs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1845, R. H. Barham, Blasphemer's Warning in Ingoldsby Legends (1847), 3rd Ser., 245",
"text": "The Chef's peace of mind was restor'd, And in due time a banquet was placed on the board."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The presiding cook in the kitchen of a large household."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-3eT0UZqA",
"links": [
[
"presiding",
"presiding"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"kitchen",
"kitchen"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"household",
"household"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The head cook of a restaurant or other establishment."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-YHp39sWJ",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"restaurant",
"restaurant"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"establishment",
"establishment"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjellëtar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَاهٍ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"construct",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَاهِي"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šīf",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِيف"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhiya",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "طَاهِيَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šēf",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شيف"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭabbāḵ",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَبَّاخ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šef-xoharar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "շեֆ-խոհարար"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "baş aşpaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef-kuxár",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф-куха́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "baburci",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "বাবুর্চি"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gláven gotváč",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гла́вен готва́ч"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "juwrgjiı̇rig",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "юургйийриг"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "cyu⁴ si¹, ceoi⁴ si¹",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "大廚"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "daai⁶ cyu⁴⁻², daai⁶ ceoi⁴⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "大厨"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tû-su",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚子師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tô͘-chí-sai",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨子师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚子"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨子"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "to-chí",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "刀子"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "總舖師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "总铺师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "總舖"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "chóng-phò͘",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "总铺"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chúshī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéfkuchař"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef-kok"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ĉefkuiristo"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "peakokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "keittiömestari"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "kokki"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef cuisinier"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe de cociña"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mzareuli",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "მზარეული"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šep-mzareuli",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "შეფ-მზარეული"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šepi",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "შეფი"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chefkoch"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Chefköchin"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Küchenchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Küchenchefin"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archimágeiros",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχιμάγειρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shef",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שֶׁף"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bāvarcī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "बावरची"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "séf"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkur"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "yfirmatsveinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matreiðslumaður"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matsveinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "koqueyestro"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capocuoco"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "りょうりにん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ryōrinin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "料理人"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "ちょうりし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōrishi",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "調理師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shefu",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "シェフ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokku",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "コック"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "congphɨw thom",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ចុងភៅធំ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "料理師",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yorisa",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "요리사"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "料理師",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ryorisa",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "료리사"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "廚房長",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jubangjang",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "주방장"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "syepeu",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "셰프"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefpavārs"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vyriausias virėjas"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefas"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šef na kujna",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф на кујна"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xeff"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-choagyrey"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "chʼiyáán ííłʼíní"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkkensjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkensjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkkensjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sar-âšpaz",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "سرآشپز"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef kuchni"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szefowa kuchni"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kuchmistrz"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kuchmistrzyni"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bucătar-șef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef-póvar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф-по́вар"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "póvar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́вар"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ru",
"english": "ship's cook",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stáršij kók",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ста́рший ко́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "главни кувар"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavni kuhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéfkuchár"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavni kuhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glavna kuharica"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "mpishi mkuu"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "köksmästare"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kock"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa-pɔ̂ɔ-kruua",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "หัวหน้าพ่อครัว"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "chéep",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "เชฟ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "şef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef-kuxár",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф-куха́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "bāvarcī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "باورچی"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ashpez",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ئاشپەز"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "bếp trưởng"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvisinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hikvisinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jikvisinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cogydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cy",
"english": "'head-chef'",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pen-cogydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sièff"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 24 27 11 3 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My husband is the chef of the household, while I do most of the cleaning.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any cook."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-6unCr3bF",
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 24 27 11 3 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 18 38 8 13 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 67 0 0 32",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, SPIN, volume 14, number 3, page 100",
"text": "But trying to stop all the nation's meth chefs makes as much sense as building a wall along the Mexican border.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Mike Power, Drugs 2.0",
"text": "Owsley Stanley, the world's most exacting and prolific LSD chef who supplied the majority of America's West Coast with LSD in the 1960s, claimed he made so much acid not because he wanted to change the world, but rather because it was almost impossible not to make vast quantities of the drug once the synthesis had been embarked upon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "13 13 27 46 0",
"sense": "cook",
"word": "cook"
}
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-RAnXAHZI",
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "12 11 26 50 1",
"sense": "cook, particularly a learned or skilful one",
"word": "magirist"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 11 26 50 1",
"sense": "cook, particularly a learned or skilful one",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "magirologist"
}
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 4 24 27 11 3 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A reliquary in the shape of a head."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-9MWVjvEh",
"links": [
[
"reliquary",
"reliquary"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A reliquary in the shape of a head."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg/En-au-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ше́фнуть",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "head, leader"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief (“head, leader”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"3": "",
"4": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "head",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chief and caput",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (from the positions of chef d'office and chef de cuisine), from Old French chief (“head, leader”) (English chief), from Vulgar Latin capus (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chief and caput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chefing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chefed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"past_ptc2": "chefed",
"past_ptc2_qual": "now less common",
"pres_ptc2": "chefing",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "now less common"
},
"expansion": "chef (third-person singular simple present chefs, present participle cheffing or (now less common) chefing, simple past cheffed, past participle cheffed or (now less common) chefed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1953, The Deke Quarterly, volume 71, number 4, page 32",
"text": "It was Brick who talked on alumni relations with the active chapters and who cheffed at our steak fry (more of that later) and Mrs. Cowles who took over […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Sonora Review, number 31, page 110",
"text": "I cheffed part-time at a nice restaurant in town.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Indianapolis Monthly, page 68",
"text": "He opened Oakleys in 2002, having formerly cheffed at the late, much-missed Something Different and, before that, world-renowned kitchens in Chicago […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, William Sitwell, The Restaurant: A History of Eating Out, Simon and Schuster",
"text": "A man called Richard Briggs cheffed at the Globe Tavern on Fleet Street, the White Hart Tavern in Holborn and the Temple Coffee House.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-verb-tqGbV6-Z",
"raw_glosses": [
"(stative, informal) To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"stative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Multicultural London English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 24 27 11 3 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 24 24 15 4 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He got cheffed up proper.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2016, “Skeng Man”, ASAP of 67 (lyrics)",
"text": "Still on my knife work chef him up with that rambo",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 June 13, @louistheroux, Twitter, archived from the original on 2023-11-08",
"text": "Child just said he'd \"chef me up\". I said not hungry, but it restored my faith in young generation, offering to cook for strangers.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018 August 9, “Pallance 2.0”, Taze of SMG (lyrics)",
"text": "He got cheffed in the A in the head",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018 August 16, “Ks On Who”, Sav12 of 12World (lyrics)",
"roman": "He tripped up and got cheffed",
"text": "Third time he was out of luck",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 October 9, Manuel Petrovic, quotee, “Jodie Chesney: Killer targeted 'wrong people' court told”, in BBC News, archived from the original on 2019-11-06",
"text": "Asked how he knew that, he replied: \"Uh? Because I know that ... It was to do with Svenson's op - they cheffed him up a couple of month or something, a couple of months before.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stab with a knife, to shank."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-verb-F7taEOGf",
"links": [
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"knife",
"knife"
],
[
"shank",
"shank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(MLE, transitive) To stab with a knife, to shank."
],
"tags": [
"Multicultural-London-English",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg/En-au-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "eu-decl-anim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"absolutive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"absolutive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"absolutive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ergative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ergative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ergative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefari",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefaren",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefekin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarekin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefekin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarengatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefentzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarentzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefentzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "chefaz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarengan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarengana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarenganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarenganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarenganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarengandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheftzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"prolative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an"
},
"expansion": "chef anim",
"name": "eu-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chef"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "eu-decl-anim"
}
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chef (head cook)"
],
"id": "en-chef-eu-noun-kFWStvmW",
"links": [
[
"chef",
"chef#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sukaldariburu"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃef/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃef]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃef/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃef]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ef"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "chefer",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "chefen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chef c (singular definite chefen, plural indefinite chefer)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "chef c (singular definite chefen, plural indefinite chefer)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A boss; person in charge, person who directly oversees the work being done"
],
"id": "en-chef-da-noun-sPLjTKL6",
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsjɛːˀf/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɕeˀf]"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef-kok"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sergeant-chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "stationschef"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jvn",
"2": "sèf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Caribbean Javanese: sèf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Caribbean Javanese: sèf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "sep",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: sep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: sep"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "shèf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: shèf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: shèf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "chefje",
"f": "cheffin"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs, diminutive chefje n, feminine cheffin)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chef"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A boss, chief, head, leader."
],
"id": "en-chef-nl-noun-D1XeUvOW",
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baas"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 17 41 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 23 37 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 40 20 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "nl:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A culinary chef, a head cook."
],
"id": "en-chef-nl-noun-jipmqsTE",
"links": [
[
"culinary",
"culinary"
],
[
"chef",
"#English"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chef-kok"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "a title including chef"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 17 41 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 23 37 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for a title including chef."
],
"id": "en-chef-nl-noun-6uCU0ibU",
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Surinamese Dutch",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 41 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 23 37 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Driver, I'd like to get off the bus here.",
"text": "Chef, halte hoor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A form of address to a working-class man"
],
"id": "en-chef-nl-noun-YCKKLM8s",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Suriname) A form of address to a working-class man"
],
"tags": [
"Suriname",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"audio": "nl-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/Nl-chef.ogg/Nl-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Nl-chef.ogg",
"text": "chef"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "au premier chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de cabinet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de chœur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de guerre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de projet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d’accusation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef-d’œuvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef-lieu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "couvre-chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "de son chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "de son propre chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "derechef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "opiner du chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rédacteur en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rédactrice en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de bande"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de file"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d’État"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d’orchestre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "en chef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chief",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kaput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kaput-"
},
"expansion": "*kaput-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cap"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cap",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to nod",
"text": "opiner du chef",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now literary) head"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the main points of a request",
"text": "les principaux chefs d’une demande",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"article, principal point"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-xhsc7mJK",
"links": [
[
"article",
"article"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The prosecutor insisted on reading off the counts of indictment again.",
"text": "Le procureur a tenu à refaire une lecture des chefs d’accusation.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"principal motive, charge, count of indictment"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-Lj07NEXz",
"links": [
[
"principal",
"principal"
],
[
"motive",
"motive"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"indictment",
"indictment"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "fr:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "26 15 8 34 10 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "or, a chief gules",
"text": "d’or au chef de gueules",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chief; top third of a coat of arms"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-QFBevU4K",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"coat of arms",
"coat of arms"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) chief; top third of a coat of arms"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffe"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffes"
},
{
"homophone": "chefs"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg/Fr-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de bande"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de file"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d’État"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d’orchestre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "adjudant-chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chef de famille"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chef de partie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chef d’entreprise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chef d’état-major"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cheffe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "chefferie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cheftaine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "commandant en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "couteau de chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ingénieur en chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sergent-chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sous-chef"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "شيف",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "šēf"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: شيف (šēf)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: شيف (šēf)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "xef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: xef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: xef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "şef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Crimean Tatar: şef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Crimean Tatar: şef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "σεφ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: σεφ (sef)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: σεφ (sef)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Chef\n→ Serbo-Croatian: ше̏ф/šȅf",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Chef\n→ Serbo-Croatian: ше̏ф/šȅf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "séf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: séf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: séf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "シェフ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "shefu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: シェフ (shefu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: シェフ (shefu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Luxembourgish: Chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Luxembourgish: Chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "sjef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian: sjef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: sjef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "szef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: szef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: szef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "chef",
"3": "chefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: chef, chefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: chef, chefe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "șef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: șef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: șef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "шеф",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: шеф (šef), шефъ (šef)\n→ Armenian: շեֆ (šef)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: шеф (šef), шефъ (šef)\n→ Armenian: շեֆ (šef)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "şef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: şef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: şef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "שעף",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: שעף (shef)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: שעף (shef)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chief",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kaput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kaput-"
},
"expansion": "*kaput-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cap"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cap",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "cheffe"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs, feminine cheffe)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "achever"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "achèvement"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The pope is the head of the church.",
"text": "Le pape est le chef de l’Église.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a boss, chief, leader"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-qOP6fjwY",
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Creating in prestigious establishments caused many of his recipes to be later taken up by other cooks, and thus Escoffier made French cuisine internationally known.",
"text": "Créant dans des établissements de prestige de nombreuses recettes reprises ensuite par d’autres chefs, Escoffier a fait connaitre internationalement la cuisine française.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a culinary chef, chief cook"
],
"id": "en-chef-fr-noun-8uaOf-md",
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffe"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffes"
},
{
"homophone": "chefs"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg/Fr-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef",
"4": "",
"5": "head; chief"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (“head; chief”)",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kaput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*káput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *káput",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "capo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of capo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (“head; chief”), from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *káput. Doublet of capo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "chef m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sous-chef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "it:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chef (head cook)"
],
"id": "en-chef-it-noun-kFWStvmW",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"chef",
"chef#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) chef (head cook)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "capocuoco"
}
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "it:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a sophisticated cook"
],
"id": "en-chef-it-noun-lsL9Jtjl",
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a sophisticated cook"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "scef"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "English: chief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: chief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chief"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief, from Latin caput.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "chef (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bonchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheveteyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "myschef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A leader, boss, or director; a chief official; one in charge."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-noun-xUfEC7ob",
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An authority or source of power; something which controls."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-noun-LUjGAdW5",
"links": [
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The main, important or foundational part of something."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-noun-JjHfwK2p",
"links": [
[
"main",
"main"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The upper or topmost portion of something."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-noun-SUnTjL-n",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Heraldry",
"orig": "enm:Heraldry",
"parents": [
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The heraldic chief."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-noun-0z3yK0C8",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) The heraldic chief."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃeːf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chif"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chife"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chyeef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chyff"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "English: chief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: chief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chief"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief, from Latin caput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cheve",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheve",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "chever",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "chevest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "cheve",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "chever",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "chevest",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chef (plural and weak singular cheve, comparative chever, superlative chevest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cheve",
"2": "chever",
"3": "chevest"
},
"expansion": "chef (plural and weak singular cheve, comparative chever, superlative chevest)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 3 11 1 9 16 0 0 3 23 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "enm:Leaders",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chief, head, top-ranking, executive; being in ultimate control."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-adj-ev8KBH~f",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"top-ranking",
"top-ranking"
],
[
"executive",
"executive"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Principal, foremost, predominant, primary; having the greatest importance."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-adj-qHarWPr2"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 5 26 3 16 3 2 0 10 19 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 5 27 3 15 3 2 0 9 20 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"High-quality, outstanding, notable, worthy; deserving recognition."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-adj-jlKHhRE5"
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Infamous; grave."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-adj-ajBY7Ks5",
"links": [
[
"grave",
"grave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Infamous; grave."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃeːf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chif"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chife"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chyeef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chyff"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief, from Latin caput.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "enm-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Principally, (the) most."
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-adv-LRlhq5jr",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Principally, (the) most."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃeːf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chif"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chife"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chyeef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chyff"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chaf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chaf"
],
"id": "en-chef-enm-noun-gaw218nl",
"links": [
[
"chaf",
"chaf#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kaput-"
},
"expansion": "*kaput-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief, chef, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "chefs",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs)",
"name": "nrf-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Jersey Norman",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "chief mourner",
"word": "chef dé deu"
},
{
"english": "conductor",
"word": "chef dé musique"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chief"
],
"id": "en-chef-nrm-noun-koWCe4Ax",
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jersey) chief"
],
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "chef oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ches",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ches",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chef oblique singular, m (oblique plural ches, nominative singular ches, nominative plural chef)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chief"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "fro:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chief"
],
"id": "en-chef-fro-noun-YlopHLBT",
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief#Old French"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense",
"2": "#s"
},
"expansion": "chef m or f by sense (plural chefs)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "the head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "chefe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"parents": [
"Masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"Nouns by gender",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chefe (the head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant)"
],
"id": "en-chef-pt-noun-2U8y04p8",
"links": [
[
"chefe",
"chefe#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛ.fi/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛ.fi/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛ.fi/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ota",
"3": "كیف",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "keyf",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish كیف (keyf)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ota",
"3": "كیف",
"tr": "keyf"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish كیف (keyf)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ar",
"3": "كَيْف"
},
"expansion": "Arabic كَيْف (kayf)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "keyif"
},
"expansion": "Turkish keyif",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish كیف (keyf), from Arabic كَيْف (kayf). Compare Turkish keyif.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cheful",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște chefuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor chefuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chefurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "chefuri"
},
"expansion": "chef n (plural chefuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "chefurilor",
"gpi": "chefuri",
"gsd": "chefului",
"gsi": "chef",
"n": "",
"npd": "chefurile",
"npi": "chefuri",
"nsd": "cheful",
"nsi": "chef",
"vp": "chefurilor",
"vs": "chefule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to not feel like/be in the mood for something",
"text": "a nu avea chef de ceva",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disposition, mood"
],
"id": "en-chef-ro-noun-hQg0nGwL",
"links": [
[
"disposition",
"disposition"
],
[
"mood",
"mood"
]
],
"qualifier": "good",
"raw_glosses": [
"(good) disposition, mood"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "78 7 1 6 4 4",
"sense": "disposition",
"word": "dispoziție"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"desire, wish"
],
"id": "en-chef-ro-noun-sJ3F01DC",
"links": [
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"wish",
"wish"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "9 76 4 4 2 5",
"sense": "wish",
"word": "dorință"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"appetite"
],
"id": "en-chef-ro-noun-q75RAwsd",
"links": [
[
"appetite",
"appetite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) appetite"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "1 18 80 1 1 1",
"sense": "appetite",
"word": "poftă"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"whim, caprice"
],
"id": "en-chef-ro-noun-xSIaKEan",
"links": [
[
"whim",
"whim"
],
[
"caprice",
"caprice"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "6 1 2 87 4 1",
"sense": "caprice",
"word": "capriciu"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 1 2 87 4 1",
"sense": "caprice",
"word": "dambla"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shindig, blowout,"
],
"id": "en-chef-ro-noun-TuyfWa7p",
"links": [
[
"shindig",
"shindig"
],
[
"blowout",
"blowout"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "7 2 2 3 85 1",
"sense": "shindig",
"word": "petrecere"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 2 3 85 1",
"sense": "shindig",
"word": "zaiafet"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 20 1 7 11 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"revelry, binge; by extension, drunkenness"
],
"id": "en-chef-ro-noun-7XJilz9R",
"links": [
[
"revelry",
"revelry"
],
[
"binge",
"binge"
],
[
"drunkenness",
"drunkenness"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "2 4 1 1 1 90",
"sense": "drunkenness",
"word": "beție"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "jefe",
"3": "cabo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of jefe and cabo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef. Doublet of jefe and cabo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "chef m or f by sense (plural chefs)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chef"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"parents": [
"Masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"Nouns by gender",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "es:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chef, head cook"
],
"id": "en-chef-es-noun-Qocd5Xkc",
"links": [
[
"chef",
"chef#English"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "cabeza"
},
{
"word": "jefe"
}
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Royal Spanish Academy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃef/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃef]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ef"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheferna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "chef c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "chef c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "avdelningschef"
},
{
"word": "butikschef"
},
{
"word": "försäljningschef"
},
{
"word": "mellanchef"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A boss, manager; person in charge, person who directly oversees the work being done"
],
"id": "en-chef-sv-noun-LjGOAJ~N",
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"manager",
"manager"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɧeːf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɧɛːf/"
},
{
"audio": "Sv-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Sv-chef.ogg/Sv-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Sv-chef.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "eu-decl-anim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"absolutive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"absolutive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"absolutive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ergative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ergative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ergative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefari",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefaren",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefekin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarekin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefekin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarengatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefentzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarentzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefentzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "chefaz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefez",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarengan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarengana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarenganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarenganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarenganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefenganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite"
]
},
{
"form": "chefarengandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefengandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheftzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"prolative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"prolative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"prolative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an"
},
"expansion": "chef anim",
"name": "eu-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chef"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "eu-decl-anim"
}
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Basque animate nouns",
"Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"Basque lemmas",
"Basque nouns",
"Basque terms borrowed from French",
"Basque terms derived from French",
"Basque terms spelled with C",
"Basque terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Basque unadapted borrowings from French",
"Rhymes:Basque/ef",
"Rhymes:Basque/ef/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"chef (head cook)"
],
"links": [
[
"chef",
"chef#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sukaldariburu"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃef/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃef]"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃef/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʃef]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ef"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "chefer",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "chefen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chef c (singular definite chefen, plural indefinite chefer)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "chef c (singular definite chefen, plural indefinite chefer)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms borrowed from French",
"Danish terms derived from French",
"Danish terms spelled with C",
"Danish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Danish unadapted borrowings from French"
],
"glosses": [
"A boss; person in charge, person who directly oversees the work being done"
],
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsjɛːˀf/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɕeˀf]"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms borrowed from French",
"Dutch terms derived from French",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch unadapted borrowings from French",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɛf/1 syllable",
"nl:Occupations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chef-kok"
},
{
"word": "sergeant-chef"
},
{
"word": "stationschef"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jvn",
"2": "sèf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Caribbean Javanese: sèf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Caribbean Javanese: sèf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "sep",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: sep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: sep"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "shèf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: shèf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: shèf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-s",
"3": "chefje",
"f": "cheffin"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs, diminutive chefje n, feminine cheffin)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chef"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A boss, chief, head, leader."
],
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baas"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A culinary chef, a head cook."
],
"links": [
[
"culinary",
"culinary"
],
[
"chef",
"#English"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chef-kok"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "a title including chef"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for a title including chef."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"Surinamese Dutch"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Driver, I'd like to get off the bus here.",
"text": "Chef, halte hoor.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A form of address to a working-class man"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Suriname) A form of address to a working-class man"
],
"tags": [
"Suriname",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"audio": "nl-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/Nl-chef.ogg/Nl-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Nl-chef.ogg",
"text": "chef"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf/1 syllable",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "autochef"
},
{
"word": "chef de cuisine"
},
{
"word": "chef de mission"
},
{
"word": "chef de rang"
},
{
"word": "chef d'oeuvre"
},
{
"word": "chef-d'œuvre"
},
{
"word": "chef d'œuvre"
},
{
"word": "chefdom"
},
{
"word": "chefess"
},
{
"word": "cheffer"
},
{
"word": "cheffery"
},
{
"word": "cheffy"
},
{
"word": "chefless"
},
{
"word": "cheflike"
},
{
"word": "chefling"
},
{
"word": "chefly"
},
{
"word": "chefmanship"
},
{
"word": "Chef Mike"
},
{
"word": "chef salad"
},
{
"word": "cheftender"
},
{
"word": "chefware"
},
{
"word": "chef watcher"
},
{
"word": "chefwear"
},
{
"word": "head chef"
},
{
"word": "nonchef"
},
{
"word": "pastry chef"
},
{
"word": "robochef"
},
{
"word": "short-order chef"
},
{
"word": "station chef"
},
{
"word": "subchef"
},
{
"word": "superchef"
},
{
"word": "uberchef"
},
{
"word": "underchef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "head, leader"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief (“head, leader”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"3": "",
"4": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "head",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chief and caput",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (from the positions of chef d'office and chef de cuisine), from Old French chief (“head, leader”) (English chief), from Vulgar Latin capus (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chief and caput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chef (plural chefs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense": "cook",
"word": "cook"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1845, R. H. Barham, Blasphemer's Warning in Ingoldsby Legends (1847), 3rd Ser., 245",
"text": "The Chef's peace of mind was restor'd, And in due time a banquet was placed on the board."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The presiding cook in the kitchen of a large household."
],
"links": [
[
"presiding",
"presiding"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"kitchen",
"kitchen"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"household",
"household"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The head cook of a restaurant or other establishment."
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"restaurant",
"restaurant"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"establishment",
"establishment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My husband is the chef of the household, while I do most of the cleaning.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any cook."
],
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, SPIN, volume 14, number 3, page 100",
"text": "But trying to stop all the nation's meth chefs makes as much sense as building a wall along the Mexican border.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Mike Power, Drugs 2.0",
"text": "Owsley Stanley, the world's most exacting and prolific LSD chef who supplied the majority of America's West Coast with LSD in the 1960s, claimed he made so much acid not because he wanted to change the world, but rather because it was almost impossible not to make vast quantities of the drug once the synthesis had been embarked upon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook."
],
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A reliquary in the shape of a head."
],
"links": [
[
"reliquary",
"reliquary"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A reliquary in the shape of a head."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg/En-au-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "cook, particularly a learned or skilful one",
"word": "magirist"
},
{
"sense": "cook, particularly a learned or skilful one",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "magirologist"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjellëtar"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَاهٍ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"construct",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَاهِي"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šīf",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِيف"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhiya",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "طَاهِيَة"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šēf",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شيف"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭabbāḵ",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَبَّاخ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šef-xoharar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "շեֆ-խոհարար"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "baş aşpaz"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef-kuxár",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф-куха́р"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "baburci",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "বাবুর্চি"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gláven gotváč",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гла́вен готва́ч"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xef"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "juwrgjiı̇rig",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "юургйийриг"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "cyu⁴ si¹, ceoi⁴ si¹",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "大廚"
},
{
"alt": "daai⁶ cyu⁴⁻², daai⁶ ceoi⁴⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "大厨"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tû-su",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚子師"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tô͘-chí-sai",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨子师"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚子"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨子"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "to-chí",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "刀子"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "總舖師"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "总铺师"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "總舖"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "chóng-phò͘",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "总铺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chúshī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéfkuchař"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef-kok"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ĉefkuiristo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "peakokk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "keittiömestari"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "kokki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef cuisinier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe de cociña"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mzareuli",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "მზარეული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šep-mzareuli",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "შეფ-მზარეული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šepi",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "შეფი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chefkoch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Chefköchin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Küchenchef"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Küchenchefin"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archimágeiros",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχιμάγειρος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shef",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שֶׁף"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bāvarcī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "बावरची"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "séf"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "yfirmatsveinn"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matreiðslumaður"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matsveinn"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "koqueyestro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capocuoco"
},
{
"alt": "りょうりにん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ryōrinin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "料理人"
},
{
"alt": "ちょうりし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōrishi",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "調理師"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shefu",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "シェフ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokku",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "コック"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "congphɨw thom",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ចុងភៅធំ"
},
{
"alt": "料理師",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yorisa",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "요리사"
},
{
"alt": "料理師",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ryorisa",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "료리사"
},
{
"alt": "廚房長",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jubangjang",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "주방장"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "syepeu",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "셰프"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefpavārs"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vyriausias virėjas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šef na kujna",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф на кујна"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xeff"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-choagyrey"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "chʼiyáán ííłʼíní"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkkensjef"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkensjef"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkkensjef"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sar-âšpaz",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "سرآشپز"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef kuchni"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szefowa kuchni"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kuchmistrz"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kuchmistrzyni"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bucătar-șef"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef-póvar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф-по́вар"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "póvar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́вар"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "ship's cook",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stáršij kók",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ста́рший ко́к"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "главни кувар"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavni kuhar"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéfkuchár"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavni kuhar"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glavna kuharica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "mpishi mkuu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "köksmästare"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kock"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa-pɔ̂ɔ-kruua",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "หัวหน้าพ่อครัว"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "chéep",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "เชฟ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "şef"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef-kuxár",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф-куха́р"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "bāvarcī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "باورچی"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ashpez",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ئاشپەز"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "bếp trưởng"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvisinal"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hikvisinal"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jikvisinal"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cogydd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"english": "'head-chef'",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pen-cogydd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sièff"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf/1 syllable",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ше́фнуть",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "head, leader"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief (“head, leader”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"3": "",
"4": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "head",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chief and caput",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (from the positions of chef d'office and chef de cuisine), from Old French chief (“head, leader”) (English chief), from Vulgar Latin capus (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chief and caput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chefing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chefed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"past_ptc2": "chefed",
"past_ptc2_qual": "now less common",
"pres_ptc2": "chefing",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "now less common"
},
"expansion": "chef (third-person singular simple present chefs, present participle cheffing or (now less common) chefing, simple past cheffed, past participle cheffed or (now less common) chefed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English stative verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1953, The Deke Quarterly, volume 71, number 4, page 32",
"text": "It was Brick who talked on alumni relations with the active chapters and who cheffed at our steak fry (more of that later) and Mrs. Cowles who took over […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Sonora Review, number 31, page 110",
"text": "I cheffed part-time at a nice restaurant in town.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Indianapolis Monthly, page 68",
"text": "He opened Oakleys in 2002, having formerly cheffed at the late, much-missed Something Different and, before that, world-renowned kitchens in Chicago […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2020, William Sitwell, The Restaurant: A History of Eating Out, Simon and Schuster",
"text": "A man called Richard Briggs cheffed at the Globe Tavern on Fleet Street, the White Hart Tavern in Holborn and the Temple Coffee House.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(stative, informal) To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"stative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Multicultural London English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He got cheffed up proper.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2016, “Skeng Man”, ASAP of 67 (lyrics)",
"text": "Still on my knife work chef him up with that rambo",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017 June 13, @louistheroux, Twitter, archived from the original on 2023-11-08",
"text": "Child just said he'd \"chef me up\". I said not hungry, but it restored my faith in young generation, offering to cook for strangers.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018 August 9, “Pallance 2.0”, Taze of SMG (lyrics)",
"text": "He got cheffed in the A in the head",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018 August 16, “Ks On Who”, Sav12 of 12World (lyrics)",
"roman": "He tripped up and got cheffed",
"text": "Third time he was out of luck",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 October 9, Manuel Petrovic, quotee, “Jodie Chesney: Killer targeted 'wrong people' court told”, in BBC News, archived from the original on 2019-11-06",
"text": "Asked how he knew that, he replied: \"Uh? Because I know that ... It was to do with Svenson's op - they cheffed him up a couple of month or something, a couple of months before.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stab with a knife, to shank."
],
"links": [
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"knife",
"knife"
],
[
"shank",
"shank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(MLE, transitive) To stab with a knife, to shank."
],
"tags": [
"Multicultural-London-English",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg/En-au-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French doublets",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"French terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:French/ɛf"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "au premier chef"
},
{
"word": "chef de bande"
},
{
"word": "chef de cabinet"
},
{
"word": "chef de chœur"
},
{
"word": "chef de file"
},
{
"word": "chef de guerre"
},
{
"word": "chef de projet"
},
{
"word": "chef d’accusation"
},
{
"word": "chef d’État"
},
{
"word": "chef d’orchestre"
},
{
"word": "chef-d’œuvre"
},
{
"word": "chef-lieu"
},
{
"word": "couvre-chef"
},
{
"word": "de son chef"
},
{
"word": "de son propre chef"
},
{
"word": "derechef"
},
{
"word": "en chef"
},
{
"word": "opiner du chef"
},
{
"word": "rédacteur en chef"
},
{
"word": "rédactrice en chef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chief",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kaput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kaput-"
},
"expansion": "*kaput-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cap"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cap",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French literary terms",
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to nod",
"text": "opiner du chef",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now literary) head"
],
"tags": [
"literary",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the main points of a request",
"text": "les principaux chefs d’une demande",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"article, principal point"
],
"links": [
[
"article",
"article"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The prosecutor insisted on reading off the counts of indictment again.",
"text": "Le procureur a tenu à refaire une lecture des chefs d’accusation.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"principal motive, charge, count of indictment"
],
"links": [
[
"principal",
"principal"
],
[
"motive",
"motive"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"indictment",
"indictment"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples",
"fr:Heraldic charges"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "or, a chief gules",
"text": "d’or au chef de gueules",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chief; top third of a coat of arms"
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"top",
"top"
],
[
"coat of arms",
"coat of arms"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) chief; top third of a coat of arms"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffe"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffes"
},
{
"homophone": "chefs"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg/Fr-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French doublets",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"French terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:French/ɛf"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "adjudant-chef"
},
{
"word": "chef de bande"
},
{
"word": "chef de famille"
},
{
"word": "chef de file"
},
{
"word": "chef de partie"
},
{
"word": "chef d’entreprise"
},
{
"word": "chef d’État"
},
{
"word": "chef d’état-major"
},
{
"word": "chef d’orchestre"
},
{
"word": "cheffe"
},
{
"word": "chefferie"
},
{
"word": "cheftaine"
},
{
"word": "commandant en chef"
},
{
"word": "couteau de chef"
},
{
"word": "en chef"
},
{
"word": "ingénieur en chef"
},
{
"word": "sergent-chef"
},
{
"word": "sous-chef"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "شيف",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "šēf"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: شيف (šēf)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: شيف (šēf)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "xef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: xef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: xef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "şef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Crimean Tatar: şef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Crimean Tatar: şef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "σεφ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: σεφ (sef)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: σεφ (sef)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Chef\n→ Serbo-Croatian: ше̏ф/šȅf",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Chef\n→ Serbo-Croatian: ше̏ф/šȅf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "séf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: séf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: séf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "シェフ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "shefu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: シェフ (shefu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: シェフ (shefu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Luxembourgish: Chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Luxembourgish: Chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "sjef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian: sjef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: sjef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "szef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: szef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: szef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "chef",
"3": "chefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: chef, chefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: chef, chefe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "șef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: șef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: șef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "шеф",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: шеф (šef), шефъ (šef)\n→ Armenian: շեֆ (šef)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: шеф (šef), шефъ (šef)\n→ Armenian: շեֆ (šef)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "şef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: şef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: şef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "שעף",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: שעף (shef)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: שעף (shef)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French chief",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kaput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kaput-"
},
"expansion": "*kaput-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "cap"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cap",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "cheffe"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs, feminine cheffe)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "achever"
},
{
"word": "achèvement"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The pope is the head of the church.",
"text": "Le pape est le chef de l’Église.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a boss, chief, leader"
],
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"French terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Creating in prestigious establishments caused many of his recipes to be later taken up by other cooks, and thus Escoffier made French cuisine internationally known.",
"text": "Créant dans des établissements de prestige de nombreuses recettes reprises ensuite par d’autres chefs, Escoffier a fait connaitre internationalement la cuisine française.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a culinary chef, chief cook"
],
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffe"
},
{
"homophone": "cheffes"
},
{
"homophone": "chefs"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg/Fr-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Fr-chef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian doublets",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from French",
"Italian terms derived from French",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Middle French",
"Italian terms derived from Old French",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian unadapted borrowings from French",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛf/1 syllable",
"it:Occupations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef",
"4": "",
"5": "head; chief"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (“head; chief”)",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "frm",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Middle French chief",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kaput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kaput",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*káput"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *káput",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "capo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of capo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (“head; chief”), from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *káput. Doublet of capo.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "chef m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "sous-chef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"it:Cooking"
],
"glosses": [
"chef (head cook)"
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"chef",
"chef#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) chef (head cook)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "capocuoco"
}
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a sophisticated cook"
],
"links": [
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a sophisticated cook"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "scef"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"enm:Leaders"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "English: chief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: chief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chief"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief, from Latin caput.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "chef (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bonchef"
},
{
"word": "chefly"
},
{
"word": "cheveteyn"
},
{
"word": "myschef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A leader, boss, or director; a chief official; one in charge."
],
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An authority or source of power; something which controls."
],
"links": [
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The main, important or foundational part of something."
],
"links": [
[
"main",
"main"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The upper or topmost portion of something."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Heraldry"
],
"glosses": [
"The heraldic chief."
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) The heraldic chief."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃeːf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cheef"
},
{
"word": "cheefe"
},
{
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"word": "chief"
},
{
"word": "chif"
},
{
"word": "chife"
},
{
"word": "chyeef"
},
{
"word": "chyff"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"enm:Leaders"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "English: chief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: chief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chief"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief, from Latin caput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cheve",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheve",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "chever",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "chevest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "cheve",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "chever",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "chevest",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chef (plural and weak singular cheve, comparative chever, superlative chevest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cheve",
"2": "chever",
"3": "chevest"
},
"expansion": "chef (plural and weak singular cheve, comparative chever, superlative chevest)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Chief, head, top-ranking, executive; being in ultimate control."
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"top-ranking",
"top-ranking"
],
[
"executive",
"executive"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Principal, foremost, predominant, primary; having the greatest importance."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"High-quality, outstanding, notable, worthy; deserving recognition."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Infamous; grave."
],
"links": [
[
"grave",
"grave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Infamous; grave."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃeːf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cheef"
},
{
"word": "cheefe"
},
{
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"word": "chief"
},
{
"word": "chif"
},
{
"word": "chife"
},
{
"word": "chyeef"
},
{
"word": "chyff"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"enm:Leaders"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief, from Latin caput.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "enm-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Principally, (the) most."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Principally, (the) most."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃeːf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cheef"
},
{
"word": "cheefe"
},
{
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"word": "chief"
},
{
"word": "chif"
},
{
"word": "chife"
},
{
"word": "chyeef"
},
{
"word": "chyff"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"enm:Leaders"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chaf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chaf"
],
"links": [
[
"chaf",
"chaf#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "chief mourner",
"word": "chef dé deu"
},
{
"english": "conductor",
"word": "chef dé musique"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*kaput-"
},
"expansion": "*kaput-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief, chef, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "chefs",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chef m (plural chefs)",
"name": "nrf-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Jersey Norman",
"Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"Norman lemmas",
"Norman masculine nouns",
"Norman nouns",
"Norman terms derived from Latin",
"Norman terms derived from Old French",
"Norman terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Norman terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Norman terms inherited from Latin",
"Norman terms inherited from Old French",
"Norman terms inherited from Vulgar Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"chief"
],
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Jersey) chief"
],
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "chef oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ches",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ches",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chef oblique singular, m (oblique plural ches, nominative singular ches, nominative plural chef)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chief"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"fro:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chief"
],
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief#Old French"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense",
"2": "#s"
},
"expansion": "chef m or f by sense (plural chefs)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "the head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "chefe"
}
],
"categories": [
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese feminine nouns",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese nouns with multiple genders",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from French",
"Portuguese terms derived from French",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese unadapted borrowings from French"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chefe (the head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant)"
],
"links": [
[
"chefe",
"chefe#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛ.fi/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛ.fi/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛ.fi/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃɛf/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Romanian terms derived from Arabic",
"Romanian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ota",
"3": "كیف",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "keyf",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish كیف (keyf)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ota",
"3": "كیف",
"tr": "keyf"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish كیف (keyf)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ar",
"3": "كَيْف"
},
"expansion": "Arabic كَيْف (kayf)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "keyif"
},
"expansion": "Turkish keyif",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish كیف (keyf), from Arabic كَيْف (kayf). Compare Turkish keyif.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cheful",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște chefuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor chefuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chefurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "chefuri"
},
"expansion": "chef n (plural chefuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "chefurilor",
"gpi": "chefuri",
"gsd": "chefului",
"gsi": "chef",
"n": "",
"npd": "chefurile",
"npi": "chefuri",
"nsd": "cheful",
"nsi": "chef",
"vp": "chefurilor",
"vs": "chefule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"sense": "disposition",
"word": "dispoziție"
},
{
"sense": "wish",
"word": "dorință"
},
{
"sense": "appetite",
"word": "poftă"
},
{
"sense": "caprice",
"word": "capriciu"
},
{
"sense": "caprice",
"word": "dambla"
},
{
"sense": "shindig",
"word": "petrecere"
},
{
"sense": "shindig",
"word": "zaiafet"
},
{
"sense": "drunkenness",
"word": "beție"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to not feel like/be in the mood for something",
"text": "a nu avea chef de ceva",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"disposition, mood"
],
"links": [
[
"disposition",
"disposition"
],
[
"mood",
"mood"
]
],
"qualifier": "good",
"raw_glosses": [
"(good) disposition, mood"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"desire, wish"
],
"links": [
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"wish",
"wish"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"appetite"
],
"links": [
[
"appetite",
"appetite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) appetite"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"whim, caprice"
],
"links": [
[
"whim",
"whim"
],
[
"caprice",
"caprice"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shindig, blowout,"
],
"links": [
[
"shindig",
"shindig"
],
[
"blowout",
"blowout"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"revelry, binge; by extension, drunkenness"
],
"links": [
[
"revelry",
"revelry"
],
[
"binge",
"binge"
],
[
"drunkenness",
"drunkenness"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "jefe",
"3": "cabo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of jefe and cabo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef. Doublet of jefe and cabo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "chef m or f by sense (plural chefs)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chef"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "cabeza"
},
{
"word": "jefe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/ef",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ef/1 syllable",
"Spanish 1-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish doublets",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine and feminine nouns by sense",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish nouns with multiple genders",
"Spanish terms borrowed from French",
"Spanish terms derived from French",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish unadapted borrowings from French",
"es:Occupations"
],
"glosses": [
"chef, head cook"
],
"links": [
[
"chef",
"chef#English"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Royal Spanish Academy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃef/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃef]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ef"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "avdelningschef"
},
{
"word": "butikschef"
},
{
"word": "försäljningschef"
},
{
"word": "mellanchef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chef",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheferna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chefers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chefernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "chef c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "chef c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms borrowed from French",
"Swedish terms derived from French",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Swedish terms with audio links",
"Swedish unadapted borrowings from French"
],
"glosses": [
"A boss, manager; person in charge, person who directly oversees the work being done"
],
"links": [
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"manager",
"manager"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɧeːf/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɧɛːf/"
},
{
"audio": "Sv-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Sv-chef.ogg/Sv-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Sv-chef.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": tô͘-chí vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"chef"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chef",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": chóng-phò͘-sai vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"chef"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chef",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'chef oblique singular or', originally 'chef oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"chef"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chef",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'chef oblique singular or', originally 'chef oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"chef"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chef",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'chef oblique singular or' in 'chef oblique singular, m (oblique plural ches, nominative singular ches, nominative plural chef)'",
"path": [
"chef"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chef",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.