See chef in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autochef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de cuisine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de mission"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef de rang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'oeuvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef-d'œuvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef d'œuvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefdom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheffery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheffy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheflike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefmanship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Chef Mike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef salad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheftender"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefware"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef watcher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chefwear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "head chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pastry chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "robochef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "short-order chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "station chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "subchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "superchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "uberchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "underchef"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "sjef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Afrikaans: sjef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Afrikaans: sjef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "xeff",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: xeff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: xeff"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "เชฟ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: เชฟ (chéep)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: เชฟ (chéep)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id1": "head"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "head, leader"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief (“head, leader”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cape",
"3": "capo",
"4": "caput",
"5": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cape, capo, caput, and chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head",
"3": "Howth",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "head and Howth",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (from the positions of chef d’office and chef de cuisine), from Old French chief (“head, leader”) (English chief), from Vulgar Latin capus (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (possibly related to English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-. Doublet of cape, capo, caput, and chief through Latin, and head and Howth through Proto-Indo-European.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chef (plural chefs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1845, R. H. Barham, Blasphemer's Warning in Ingoldsby Legends (1847), 3rd Ser., 245",
"text": "The Chef's peace of mind was restor'd, And in due time a banquet was placed on the board."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The presiding cook in the kitchen of a large household."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-3eT0UZqA",
"links": [
[
"presiding",
"presiding"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"kitchen",
"kitchen"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"household",
"household"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, “Which Is Both Quarrelsome and Sentimental”, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC, page 266:",
"text": "The cause of the disturbance, it appeared, was the angry little chef of Sir Francis Clavering's culinary establishment.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The head cook of a restaurant or other establishment."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-YHp39sWJ",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"restaurant",
"restaurant"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"establishment",
"establishment"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjellëtar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَاهٍ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"construct",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَاهِي"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šīf",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِيف"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhiya",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "طَاهِيَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šēf",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شيف"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭabbāḵ",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَبَّاخ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šef-xoharar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "շեֆ-խոհարար"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "baş aşpaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef-kuxár",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф-куха́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "baburci",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "বাবুর্চি"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gláven gotváč",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гла́вен готва́ч"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "juwrgjiı̇rig",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "юургйийриг"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "cyu⁴ si¹, ceoi⁴ si¹",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "大廚"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "daai⁶ cyu⁴⁻², daai⁶ ceoi⁴⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "大厨"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tû-su",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚子師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tô͘-chí-sai",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨子师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚子"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨子"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "to-chí",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "刀子"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "總舖師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "总铺师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "總舖"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "chóng-phò͘",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "总铺"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chúshī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéfkuchař"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef-kok"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ĉefkuiristo"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "peakokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "keittiömestari"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "kokki"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef cuisinier"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe de cociña"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mzareuli",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "მზარეული"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šep-mzareuli",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "შეფ-მზარეული"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šepi",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "შეფი"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chefkoch"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Chefköchin"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Küchenchef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Küchenchefin"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archimágeiros",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχιμάγειρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shef",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שֶׁף"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bāvarcī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "बावरची"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "séf"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkur"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "yfirmatsveinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matreiðslumaður"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matsveinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "koqueyestro"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capocuoco"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "りょうりにん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ryōrinin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "料理人"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "ちょうりし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōrishi",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "調理師"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shefu",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "シェフ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokku",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "コック"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "congphɨw thom",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ចុងភៅធំ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "料理師",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yorisa",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "요리사"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "料理師",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ryorisa",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "료리사"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"alt": "廚房長",
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"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jubangjang",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "주방장"
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{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "syepeu",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "셰프"
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{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
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],
"word": "šefpavārs"
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{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "vyriausias virėjas"
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{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "šefas"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šef na kujna",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "шеф на кујна"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "xeff"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-choagyrey"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "chʼiyáán ííłʼíní"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkkensjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkensjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkkensjef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sar-âšpaz",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "سرآشپز"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef kuchni"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szefowa kuchni"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kuchmistrz"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kuchmistrzyni"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bucătar-șef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef-póvar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф-по́вар"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "póvar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́вар"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ru",
"english": "ship's cook",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stáršij kók",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ста́рший ко́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
"word": "главни кувар"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavni kuhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéfkuchár"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavni kuhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glavna kuharica"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "mpishi mkuu"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "köksmästare"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kock"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa-pɔ̂ɔ-kruua",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "หัวหน้าพ่อครัว"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "chéep",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "เชฟ"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "şef"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef-kuxár",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф-куха́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "bāvarcī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "باورچی"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ashpez",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ئاشپەز"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "bếp trưởng"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
"word": "kvisinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "hikvisinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "jikvisinal"
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{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
"word": "cogydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cy",
"english": "'head-chef'",
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"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
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"masculine"
],
"word": "pen-cogydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 55 12 20 7",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
"word": "sièff"
}
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"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 28 22 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 22 13 11 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 28 14 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 27 23 13 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 21 26 19 7 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 25 24 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 26 23 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 27 23 12 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 19 31 20 4 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 25 11 5 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 22 27 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maltese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 24 15 5 24",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 26 23 14 5 25",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 24 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 29 26 12 2 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 25 12 7 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 27 14 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 26 24 13 6 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 27 22 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 11 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 11 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 27 22 12 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
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"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 28 22 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 22 13 8 24",
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"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 19 38 7 13 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 67 0 0 32",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, SPIN, volume 14, number 3, page 100:",
"text": "But trying to stop all the nation's meth chefs makes as much sense as building a wall along the Mexican border.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Mike Power, Drugs 2.0:",
"text": "Owsley Stanley, the world's most exacting and prolific LSD chef who supplied the majority of America's West Coast with LSD in the 1960s, claimed he made so much acid not because he wanted to change the world, but rather because it was almost impossible not to make vast quantities of the drug once the synthesis had been embarked upon.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "13 13 27 46 0",
"sense": "cook",
"word": "cook"
}
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-RAnXAHZI",
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "12 10 26 50 1",
"sense": "cook, particularly a learned or skilful one",
"word": "magirist"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 26 50 1",
"sense": "cook, particularly a learned or skilful one",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "magirologist"
}
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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},
{
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 30 21 11 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 14 4 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 27 14 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 27 11 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 27 23 13 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chechen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 25 22 13 8 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 28 22 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 22 13 11 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 28 14 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 27 23 13 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 21 26 19 7 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 25 24 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 26 23 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 27 23 12 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 25 11 5 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 22 27 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maltese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 24 15 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 26 23 14 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 24 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 29 26 12 2 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 25 12 7 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 27 14 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 26 24 13 6 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 27 22 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 11 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 11 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 27 22 12 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 28 22 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 22 13 8 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A reliquary in the shape of a head."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-noun-9MWVjvEh",
"links": [
[
"reliquary",
"reliquary"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A reliquary in the shape of a head."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg/En-au-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ше́фнуть",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id1": "head"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "head, leader"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief (“head, leader”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cape",
"3": "capo",
"4": "caput",
"5": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cape, capo, caput, and chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head",
"3": "Howth",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "head and Howth",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (from the positions of chef d’office and chef de cuisine), from Old French chief (“head, leader”) (English chief), from Vulgar Latin capus (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (possibly related to English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-. Doublet of cape, capo, caput, and chief through Latin, and head and Howth through Proto-Indo-European.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chefing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chefed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"form": "chefed",
"tags": [
"past",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"past2": "chefed",
"past2_qual": "uncommon",
"pres_ptc2": "chefing",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "uncommon"
},
"expansion": "chef (third-person singular simple present chefs, present participle cheffing or (uncommon) chefing, simple past and past participle cheffed or (uncommon) chefed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 22 13 11 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1953, The Deke Quarterly, volume 71, number 4, page 32:",
"text": "It was Brick who talked on alumni relations with the active chapters and who cheffed at our steak fry (more of that later) and Mrs. Cowles who took over […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Sonora Review, number 31, page 110:",
"text": "I cheffed part-time at a nice restaurant in town.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Indianapolis Monthly, page 68:",
"text": "He opened Oakleys in 2002, having formerly cheffed at the late, much-missed Something Different and, before that, world-renowned kitchens in Chicago […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, William Sitwell, The Restaurant: A History of Eating Out, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:",
"text": "A man called Richard Briggs cheffed at the Globe Tavern on Fleet Street, the White Hart Tavern in Holborn and the Temple Coffee House.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-verb-tqGbV6-Z",
"raw_glosses": [
"(stative, informal) To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"stative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Multicultural London English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 24 28 11 3 28",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 30 21 11 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 14 4 25",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 27 14 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 27 11 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 27 23 13 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chechen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 25 22 13 8 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 28 22 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 22 13 11 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 28 14 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 27 23 13 5 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 21 26 19 7 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 25 24 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 26 23 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 27 23 12 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 25 11 5 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 22 27 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 24 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maltese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 24 15 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 26 23 14 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 24 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 29 26 12 2 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 25 12 7 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 27 14 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 12 5 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 29 23 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 23 28 15 4 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 26 24 13 6 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 27 22 13 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 11 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 26 11 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 27 22 12 5 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 25 12 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 22 27 15 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 28 22 13 6 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 25 22 13 8 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He got cheffed up proper.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2016, “Skeng Man”, ASAP of 67 (lyrics):",
"text": "Still on my knife work chef him up with that rambo",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 June 13, @louistheroux, Twitter, archived from the original on 2023-11-08:",
"text": "Child just said he'd \"chef me up\". I said not hungry, but it restored my faith in young generation, offering to cook for strangers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018 August 9, “Pallance 2.0”, Taze of SMG (lyrics):",
"text": "He got cheffed in the A in the head",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018 August 16, “Ks On Who”, Sav12 of 12World (lyrics):",
"text": "Third time he was out of luck\nHe tripped up and got cheffed",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 October 9, Manuel Petrovic, quotee, “Jodie Chesney: Killer targeted 'wrong people' court told”, in BBC News, archived from the original on 2019-11-06:",
"text": "Asked how he knew that, he replied: \"Uh? Because I know that ... It was to do with Svenson's op - they cheffed him up a couple of month or something, a couple of months before.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stab with a knife, to shank."
],
"id": "en-chef-en-verb-F7taEOGf",
"links": [
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"knife",
"knife"
],
[
"shank",
"shank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(MLE, transitive) To stab with a knife, to shank."
],
"tags": [
"Multicultural-London-English",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg/En-au-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (head)",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chechen translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "autochef"
},
{
"word": "chef de cuisine"
},
{
"word": "chef de mission"
},
{
"word": "chef de rang"
},
{
"word": "chef d'oeuvre"
},
{
"word": "chef-d'œuvre"
},
{
"word": "chef d'œuvre"
},
{
"word": "chefdom"
},
{
"word": "chefess"
},
{
"word": "cheffer"
},
{
"word": "cheffery"
},
{
"word": "cheffy"
},
{
"word": "chefless"
},
{
"word": "cheflike"
},
{
"word": "chefling"
},
{
"word": "chefly"
},
{
"word": "chefmanship"
},
{
"word": "Chef Mike"
},
{
"word": "chef salad"
},
{
"word": "cheftender"
},
{
"word": "chefware"
},
{
"word": "chef watcher"
},
{
"word": "chefwear"
},
{
"word": "head chef"
},
{
"word": "nonchef"
},
{
"word": "pastry chef"
},
{
"word": "robochef"
},
{
"word": "short-order chef"
},
{
"word": "station chef"
},
{
"word": "subchef"
},
{
"word": "superchef"
},
{
"word": "uberchef"
},
{
"word": "underchef"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "sjef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Afrikaans: sjef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Afrikaans: sjef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "xeff",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: xeff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: xeff"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "เชฟ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: เชฟ (chéep)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: เชฟ (chéep)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id1": "head"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "head, leader"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief (“head, leader”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cape",
"3": "capo",
"4": "caput",
"5": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cape, capo, caput, and chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head",
"3": "Howth",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "head and Howth",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (from the positions of chef d’office and chef de cuisine), from Old French chief (“head, leader”) (English chief), from Vulgar Latin capus (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (possibly related to English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-. Doublet of cape, capo, caput, and chief through Latin, and head and Howth through Proto-Indo-European.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chef (plural chefs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense": "cook",
"word": "cook"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1845, R. H. Barham, Blasphemer's Warning in Ingoldsby Legends (1847), 3rd Ser., 245",
"text": "The Chef's peace of mind was restor'd, And in due time a banquet was placed on the board."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The presiding cook in the kitchen of a large household."
],
"links": [
[
"presiding",
"presiding"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"kitchen",
"kitchen"
],
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"household",
"household"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, “Which Is Both Quarrelsome and Sentimental”, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC, page 266:",
"text": "The cause of the disturbance, it appeared, was the angry little chef of Sir Francis Clavering's culinary establishment.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The head cook of a restaurant or other establishment."
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"restaurant",
"restaurant"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"establishment",
"establishment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My husband is the chef of the household, while I do most of the cleaning.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any cook."
],
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, SPIN, volume 14, number 3, page 100:",
"text": "But trying to stop all the nation's meth chefs makes as much sense as building a wall along the Mexican border.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Mike Power, Drugs 2.0:",
"text": "Owsley Stanley, the world's most exacting and prolific LSD chef who supplied the majority of America's West Coast with LSD in the 1960s, claimed he made so much acid not because he wanted to change the world, but rather because it was almost impossible not to make vast quantities of the drug once the synthesis had been embarked upon.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook."
],
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A reliquary in the shape of a head."
],
"links": [
[
"reliquary",
"reliquary"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A reliquary in the shape of a head."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg/En-au-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "cook, particularly a learned or skilful one",
"word": "magirist"
},
{
"sense": "cook, particularly a learned or skilful one",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "magirologist"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "sjef"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gjellëtar"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَاهٍ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"construct",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَاهِي"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šīf",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شِيف"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭāhiya",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "طَاهِيَة"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šēf",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شيف"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭabbāḵ",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "طَبَّاخ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "šef-xoharar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "շեֆ-խոհարար"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "baş aşpaz"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef-kuxár",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф-куха́р"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "baburci",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "বাবুর্চি"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gláven gotváč",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гла́вен готва́ч"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xef"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "juwrgjiı̇rig",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "юургйийриг"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "cyu⁴ si¹, ceoi⁴ si¹",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "大廚"
},
{
"alt": "daai⁶ cyu⁴⁻², daai⁶ ceoi⁴⁻²",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "大厨"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tû-su",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚子師"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "tô͘-chí-sai",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨子师"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "廚子"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "厨子"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "to-chí",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "刀子"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "總舖師"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "总铺师"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "總舖"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "chóng-phò͘",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "总铺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "廚師"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chúshī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "厨师"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéfkuchař"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef-kok"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ĉefkuiristo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "peakokk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "keittiömestari"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "kokki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef cuisinier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe de cociña"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mzareuli",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "მზარეული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šep-mzareuli",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "შეფ-მზარეული"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šepi",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "შეფი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chefkoch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Chefköchin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Küchenchef"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Küchenchefin"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archimágeiros",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχιμάγειρος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shef",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שֶׁף"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bāvarcī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "बावरची"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "séf"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kokkur"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "yfirmatsveinn"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matreiðslumaður"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "matsveinn"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "koqueyestro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capocuoco"
},
{
"alt": "りょうりにん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ryōrinin",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "料理人"
},
{
"alt": "ちょうりし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chōrishi",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "調理師"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shefu",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "シェフ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokku",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "コック"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "congphɨw thom",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ចុងភៅធំ"
},
{
"alt": "料理師",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yorisa",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "요리사"
},
{
"alt": "料理師",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ryorisa",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "료리사"
},
{
"alt": "廚房長",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jubangjang",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "주방장"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "syepeu",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "셰프"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefpavārs"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vyriausias virėjas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šefas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šef na kujna",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф на кујна"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xeff"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-choagyrey"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "chʼiyáán ííłʼíní"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkkensjef"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkensjef"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kjøkkensjef"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sar-âšpaz",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "سرآشپز"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef kuchni"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "szefowa kuchni"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kuchmistrz"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kuchmistrzyni"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bucătar-șef"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef-póvar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф-по́вар"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "póvar",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́вар"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "ship's cook",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stáršij kók",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ста́рший ко́к"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "главни кувар"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavni kuhar"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéfkuchár"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavni kuhar"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "glavna kuharica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "mpishi mkuu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "köksmästare"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kock"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "hǔua-nâa-pɔ̂ɔ-kruua",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "หัวหน้าพ่อครัว"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "chéep",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "เชฟ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "şef"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef-kuxár",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф-куха́р"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "bāvarcī",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "باورچی"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "ashpez",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "ئاشپەز"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"word": "bếp trưởng"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kvisinal"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hikvisinal"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jikvisinal"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cogydd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"english": "'head-chef'",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pen-cogydd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "head cook of an establishment such as a restaurant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sièff"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (head)",
"English unadapted borrowings from French",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chechen translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "ше́фнуть",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kap-",
"id1": "head"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef",
"name": "ubor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief",
"4": "",
"5": "head, leader"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief (“head, leader”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chief",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"4": "",
"5": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cape",
"3": "capo",
"4": "caput",
"5": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cape, capo, caput, and chief",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head",
"3": "Howth",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "head and Howth",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French chef (from the positions of chef d’office and chef de cuisine), from Old French chief (“head, leader”) (English chief), from Vulgar Latin capus (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (possibly related to English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-. Doublet of cape, capo, caput, and chief through Latin, and head and Howth through Proto-Indo-European.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chefs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chefing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cheffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chefed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"form": "chefed",
"tags": [
"past",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "chefed",
"past2_qual": "uncommon",
"pres_ptc2": "chefing",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "uncommon"
},
"expansion": "chef (third-person singular simple present chefs, present participle cheffing or (uncommon) chefing, simple past and past participle cheffed or (uncommon) chefed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English stative verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1953, The Deke Quarterly, volume 71, number 4, page 32:",
"text": "It was Brick who talked on alumni relations with the active chapters and who cheffed at our steak fry (more of that later) and Mrs. Cowles who took over […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Sonora Review, number 31, page 110:",
"text": "I cheffed part-time at a nice restaurant in town.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Indianapolis Monthly, page 68:",
"text": "He opened Oakleys in 2002, having formerly cheffed at the late, much-missed Something Different and, before that, world-renowned kitchens in Chicago […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, William Sitwell, The Restaurant: A History of Eating Out, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:",
"text": "A man called Richard Briggs cheffed at the Globe Tavern on Fleet Street, the White Hart Tavern in Holborn and the Temple Coffee House.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(stative, informal) To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"stative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Multicultural London English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He got cheffed up proper.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2016, “Skeng Man”, ASAP of 67 (lyrics):",
"text": "Still on my knife work chef him up with that rambo",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 June 13, @louistheroux, Twitter, archived from the original on 2023-11-08:",
"text": "Child just said he'd \"chef me up\". I said not hungry, but it restored my faith in young generation, offering to cook for strangers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018 August 9, “Pallance 2.0”, Taze of SMG (lyrics):",
"text": "He got cheffed in the A in the head",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018 August 16, “Ks On Who”, Sav12 of 12World (lyrics):",
"text": "Third time he was out of luck\nHe tripped up and got cheffed",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 October 9, Manuel Petrovic, quotee, “Jodie Chesney: Killer targeted 'wrong people' court told”, in BBC News, archived from the original on 2019-11-06:",
"text": "Asked how he knew that, he replied: \"Uh? Because I know that ... It was to do with Svenson's op - they cheffed him up a couple of month or something, a couple of months before.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stab with a knife, to shank."
],
"links": [
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"knife",
"knife"
],
[
"shank",
"shank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(MLE, transitive) To stab with a knife, to shank."
],
"tags": [
"Multicultural-London-English",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɛf/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-chef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg/En-au-chef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/En-au-chef.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chef"
],
"word": "chef"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chef meaning in English (33.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": tô͘-chí vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"chef"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chef",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": chóng-phò͘-sai vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"chef"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chef",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.