See chief on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for chief meaning in All languages combined (56.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "air chief marshal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "arch-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "band chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "base chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "big white chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "case in chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "case-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "champion-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "champion in chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief cell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief constable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief cook and bottle washer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief cook and bottle-washer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chiefess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief executive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief executive officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "CEO"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief experience officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief financial officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief hare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief information officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief judge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief-justice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief justice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief legal officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief lord"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief magistrate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief mate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief minister"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief of party"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief of staff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief of state"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief operating officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief petty officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief petty officer first class"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief petty officer second class"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief rent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief scientist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief super"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief technical officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief technological officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chief technology officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chieftess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "commander in chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "commander-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "condoled chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crew chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dexter chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "editor-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "editor in chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "examination-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fire chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "master chief petty officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "per chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "police chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "redactor-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "senior chief petty officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tenant-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "too many chiefs and not enough Indians"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tribal chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "umpire-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vassal-in-chief"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "war chief"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "チーフ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "chīfu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: チーフ (chīfu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: チーフ (chīfu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "chifu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swahili: chifu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swahili: chifu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cheef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cheef",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chief",
"t": "leader"
},
"expansion": "chief (“leader”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"t": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "English cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "English head",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chef",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cheef, chef, from the current french word Chef, chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chief (plural chiefs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "female chief",
"word": "chiefess"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "captain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chieftain"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1857 May 11 [1856 March 1], A. S. Waugh, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London, page 346",
"text": "In virtue of this privilege, in testimony of my affectionate respect for a revered chief, in conformity with what I believe to be the wish of all the Members of the scientific department, over which I have the honour to preside, and to perpetuate the memory of that illustrious master of accurate geographical research, I have determined to name this noble peak of the Himalayas ‘ Mont Everest.’",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "All firefighters report to the fire chief.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leader or head of a group of people, organisation, etc."
],
"id": "en-chief-en-noun-en:leader_of_group_etc",
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:leader of group etc"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prijës"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pringj"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "tukux̂"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "nantʼán"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šayḵ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَيْخ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qāʔid",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "قَائِد"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aṙaǰnord",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "առաջնորդ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pravadýr",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "правады́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "halóŭny",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гало́ўны"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vódca",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "во́дца"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "važák",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "важа́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vožd",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вожд"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glavatár",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "главата́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vodač",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "водач"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "hajá·po-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "má·jyŋy-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ugvwiyuhi",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "mfumu"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "minko'"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "頭子"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóuzi",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "头子"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "náčelník"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "wr",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wr:r-A1"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "pealik"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cjâf"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dûs"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caporal"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coudel"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bren"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Häuptling"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Oberhaupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archigós",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχηγός"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "prostátēs",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "προστάτης"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "órkhamos",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"Epic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ὄρχαμος"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "cīph",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "चीफ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pradhān",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "प्रधान"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śreṣṭh",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "श्रेष्ठ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mukhya",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मुख्य"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śekh",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "शेख"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मालिक"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mālak",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मालक"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sardār",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "सरदार"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "főnök"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"note": "e.g. chief of a tribe",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "höfðingi"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "foringi"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leiðtogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "chefo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "長"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chīfu",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "チーフ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "mei",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "មេ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "kg",
"lang": "Kongo",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "mfumu"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "serok"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "başcı",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "башчы"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "kapo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "kapu (Monastir)"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "shef"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "el gadol"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "itȟáŋčhaŋ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "wičháša itȟáŋčhaŋ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prīnceps"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "praepositus"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "procer"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glavatar",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "главатар"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poglavar",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "поглавар"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glavešina",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "главешина"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "starešina",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старешина"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vodač",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "водач"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "talavaṉ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "തലവൻ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "nētāvŭ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "നേതാവ്"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "dato"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "rangatira"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "poumatua"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "ariki"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "ringawhero"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mic",
"lang": "Mi'kmaq",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "saqamaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mic",
"lang": "Mi'kmaq",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "saqama'sgw"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "umu",
"lang": "Munsee",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "kíhkay"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "niq",
"lang": "Nandi",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "olaitorio"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "naatʼáanii"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nay",
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "rupelli"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "høvding"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "høvding"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "ogimaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "voždĭ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "вождь"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"roman": "vožĭ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вожь"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "otk",
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"roman": "beg",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "𐰋𐰏"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "otw",
"lang": "Ottawa",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "gimaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "koca",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "قوجه"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "malak",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ملک"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wódz"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "líder"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "rap",
"lang": "Rapa Nui",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "'ariki"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "căpetenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șef"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "of a tribe",
"roman": "voždʹ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вождь"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glávnyj",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гла́вный"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "matai"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śíras",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "शिरस्"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poglavar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poglavica"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vođa"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glàvār"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "náčelník"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "chifu"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "jumbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"note": "of a tribe",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hövding"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ledare"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "puno"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tly",
"lang": "Talysh",
"roman": "rais",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"Asalemi"
],
"word": "رئیس"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tly",
"lang": "Talysh",
"roman": "rais",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"Asalemi"
],
"word": "رییس"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "talaivaṉ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "தலைவன்"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "twf",
"lang": "Taos",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "łòwaʼána"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "twf",
"lang": "Taos",
"note": "of town or house",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "tə̀otʼų́nena"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "tāś"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "bigman"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "voždʹ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "вождь"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holovnýj",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "головни́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "provodýr",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "проводи́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "inkosi class 9/6"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīs",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَئِيس"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīr",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُدِير"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šayḵ",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَيْخ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pet",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "պետ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ġekavar",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "ղեկավար"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tnōren",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "տնօրեն"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kiraŭník",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кіраўні́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льнiк"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "halavá",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "галава́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načálnik",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́лник"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítel",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́тел"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "長"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǎng",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "长"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóu",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "头"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "cs",
"english": "fire chief",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "náčelník"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "päällikkö"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"slang"
],
"word": "Boss"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archigós",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχηγός"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "cīph",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "चीफ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "raīs",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "रईस"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śekh",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "शेख"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sardār",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "सरदार"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "yfirmaður"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forstöðumaður"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "foringi"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "chefo"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "direzione"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "長"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "itȟáŋčhaŋ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "wičháša itȟáŋčhaŋ"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "whakataka"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "rangatira"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "ringawhero"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "ogimaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "farnešin",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "فرنشین"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "modir",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "مدیر"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kierownik"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "naczelnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "manda-chuva"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șef"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glavá",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глава́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹ",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "руководи́тель"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šef"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "náčelník"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "načelnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "puno"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "tāś"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holová",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "голова́"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnyk",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kerivnýk",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "керівни́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"_dis1": "57 11 4 8 20",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9"
],
"word": "inhloko"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "en:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 16 7 15 1 26 29 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry",
"text": "When the Chief is Charged with any figure, in blazon it is said to be \"On a Chief\".",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The top part of a shield or escutcheon; more specifically, an ordinary consisting of the upper part of the field cut off by a horizontal line, generally occupying the top third."
],
"id": "en-chief-en-noun-UdUukC5K",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
],
[
"escutcheon",
"escutcheon"
],
[
"ordinary",
"ordinary"
],
[
"field",
"field"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) The top part of a shield or escutcheon; more specifically, an ordinary consisting of the upper part of the field cut off by a horizontal line, generally occupying the top third."
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The principal part or top of anything."
],
"id": "en-chief-en-noun--0LJw8X8"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 16 7 15 1 26 29 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An informal term of address."
],
"id": "en-chief-en-noun-RHp02kn-",
"links": [
[
"ironic",
"irony"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes ironic) An informal term of address."
],
"tags": [
"ironic",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 16 7 15 1 26 29 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 22 3 8 1 21 28 3 1 1 7 4 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 27 3 9 1 21 35 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 14 11 12 3 13 45 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "en:Leaders",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 4 15 11 5 1 61 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An informal term of address.",
"An informal term of address for a Native American or First Nations man."
],
"id": "en-chief-en-noun-c4PnkbbS",
"links": [
[
"ironic",
"irony"
],
[
"Native American",
"Native American#English"
],
[
"First Nations",
"First Nations#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes ironic) An informal term of address.",
"(US, Canada, offensive) An informal term of address for a Native American or First Nations man."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"ironic",
"offensive",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːf"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-chief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg/En-us-chief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chieftain"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pringj"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hlava štítu"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schildhoofd"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"word": "lakio"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schildhaupt"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capo"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "głowica"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glavá",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "глава́"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ginstam"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 15 0 40 40",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sköldhuvud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 0 49 49",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "informal address",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 0 49 49",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "informal address",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 2 0 49 49",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "informal address",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "meistari"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chief"
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cheef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cheef",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chief",
"t": "leader"
},
"expansion": "chief (“leader”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"t": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "English cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "English head",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chef",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cheef, chef, from the current french word Chef, chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiefer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more chief",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "chiefest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most chief",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "chief (comparative chiefer or more chief, superlative chiefest or most chief)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Negligence was the chief cause of the disaster.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1727, Tobias Swinden, “The Improbability of Hell Fire’s Being in, or about the Center of the Earth”, in An Enquiry into the Nature and Place of Hell. […] With a Supplement, wherein the Notions of A[rch]b[isho]p [John] Tillotson, Dr. Lupton, and Others, as to the Eternity of Hell Torments, are Impartially Represented. And the Rev. Mr. Wall’s Sentiments of this Learned Work, 2nd edition, London: Printed by H. P. for Tho[mas] Astley, at the Dolphin and Crown in St. Paul's Church-Yard, →OCLC, pages 98–99",
"text": "[…] But when we find that they [volcanoes] are but few in Number, and the chiefeſt of thoſe too near the torrid Zone, and from their Tops to iſſue forth, now clear Fire, then thick, black Smoke, and ſometimes little or nothing at all; we muſt conclude, that they are only particular Fires, probably of the Sun’s kindling at firſt, and ſince continued by the caſual and incidental Applications of that Pabulum, which thoſe Part of the Earth adminiſter to them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Roy F. Baumeister, John Tierney, Willpower, page 113",
"text": "Researchers found that one of the chief effects of drinking was to reduce people's ability to monitor their own behavior.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Primary; principal."
],
"id": "en-chief-en-adj-BZIHpRUS",
"links": [
[
"Primary",
"primary"
],
[
"principal",
"principal"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "principal"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "hlavní"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "principal"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "hauptsächlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "primär"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kýrios",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "κύριος"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kephálaios",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "κεφάλαιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "cīph",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "चीफ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mukhya",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "मुख्य"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pradhān",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "प्रधान"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śreṣṭh",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "श्रेष्ठ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "aðal-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "megin-"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "princeps"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "potissimus"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "matua"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "principal"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glávnyj",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "гла́вный"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osnovnój",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "основно́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "pradhāna",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "प्रधान"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "principal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 16 7 15 1 26 29 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, James Robertson, The Testament of Gideon Mack, page 324",
"text": "'You’re doing it because she was your friend, not because she was a parishioner, and certainly not because of the Declaratory Articles,' Macmurray said, pushing himself forward on his seat. 'Everybody knows how chief you and she were. It was an unfitting relationship for a minister while she was alive, and it is equally unfitting for you to do her a favour like this now she's dead.'",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intimate, friendly."
],
"id": "en-chief-en-adj--JQEwBMF",
"links": [
[
"Intimate",
"intimate"
],
[
"friendly",
"friendly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) Intimate, friendly."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːf"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-chief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg/En-us-chief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chief"
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cheef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cheef",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chief",
"t": "leader"
},
"expansion": "chief (“leader”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"t": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "English cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "English head",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chef",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cheef, chef, from the current french word Chef, chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiefs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chiefing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chiefed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chiefed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chief (third-person singular simple present chiefs, present participle chiefing, simple past and past participle chiefed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Marquis \"Cream\" Cureton, When the Smoke Clears (page 268)",
"text": "He chiefed on the bud like a pro, taking long deep hits and holding it within until he had inhaled as much of the weed smoke as he could."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To smoke cannabis."
],
"id": "en-chief-en-verb-jtsMCbLM",
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
],
[
"cannabis",
"cannabis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) To smoke cannabis."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːf"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-chief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg/En-us-chief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chief"
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chef"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chef"
],
"id": "en-chief-enm-noun-HVcT9rwL",
"links": [
[
"chef",
"chef#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chef"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chef"
],
"id": "en-chief-enm-adj-HVcT9rwL",
"links": [
[
"chef",
"chef#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "French: chef",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "French: chef (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{f}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{f}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "chiefs",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "chief m (plural chiefs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chief m (plural chiefs)",
"name": "frm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-chief-frm-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: chief\nFrench: chef (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: chief\nFrench: chef (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Norman: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: chef\nEnglish: chief\nScots: chief",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: chef\nEnglish: chief\nScots: chief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "xefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Spanish: xefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Spanish: xefe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "jefe"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: jefe, gefe; xefe\n→ English: jefe\n→ Bikol Central: hepe\n→ Cebuano: hepe\n→ Tagalog: hepe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: jefe, gefe; xefe\n→ English: jefe\n→ Bikol Central: hepe\n→ Cebuano: hepe\n→ Tagalog: hepe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "xefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: xefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: xefe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "xefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: xefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: xefe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "chefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: chefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: chefe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First known attestation 881 in The Sequence of Saint Eulalia. From Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chief oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "chiés",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiés",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chief",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chief oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiés, nominative singular chiés, nominative plural chief)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "fro:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He exposed his head and his face.",
"ref": "c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide",
"text": "Le chief li desarme et la face.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-chief-fro-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) head"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"leader, chief"
],
"id": "en-chief-fro-noun-KEud9DLD",
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"chief",
"chief#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"front (foremost side of something)"
],
"id": "en-chief-fro-noun-1p15Xi7P",
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʃjeːf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "Occitanism found in La Vie de Saint Léger, circa 980",
"word": "cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "chef"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cief"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Sequence of Saint Eulalia"
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːf",
"Rhymes:English/iːf/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "air chief marshal"
},
{
"word": "arch-chief"
},
{
"word": "band chief"
},
{
"word": "base chief"
},
{
"word": "big white chief"
},
{
"word": "case in chief"
},
{
"word": "case-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "champion-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "champion in chief"
},
{
"word": "chief cell"
},
{
"word": "chief constable"
},
{
"word": "chief cook and bottle washer"
},
{
"word": "chief cook and bottle-washer"
},
{
"word": "chiefess"
},
{
"word": "chief executive"
},
{
"word": "chief executive officer"
},
{
"word": "CEO"
},
{
"word": "chief experience officer"
},
{
"word": "chief financial officer"
},
{
"word": "chief hare"
},
{
"word": "chief information officer"
},
{
"word": "chief judge"
},
{
"word": "chief-justice"
},
{
"word": "chief justice"
},
{
"word": "chief legal officer"
},
{
"word": "chief lord"
},
{
"word": "chief magistrate"
},
{
"word": "chief mate"
},
{
"word": "chief minister"
},
{
"word": "chief of party"
},
{
"word": "chief of staff"
},
{
"word": "chief of state"
},
{
"word": "chief operating officer"
},
{
"word": "chief petty officer"
},
{
"word": "chief petty officer first class"
},
{
"word": "chief petty officer second class"
},
{
"word": "chief rent"
},
{
"word": "chief scientist"
},
{
"word": "chief super"
},
{
"word": "chief technical officer"
},
{
"word": "chief technological officer"
},
{
"word": "chief technology officer"
},
{
"word": "chieftess"
},
{
"word": "commander in chief"
},
{
"word": "commander-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "condoled chief"
},
{
"word": "crew chief"
},
{
"word": "dexter chief"
},
{
"word": "editor-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "editor in chief"
},
{
"word": "examination-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "fire chief"
},
{
"word": "in chief"
},
{
"word": "master chief petty officer"
},
{
"word": "per chief"
},
{
"word": "police chief"
},
{
"word": "redactor-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "senior chief petty officer"
},
{
"word": "tenant-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "too many chiefs and not enough Indians"
},
{
"word": "tribal chief"
},
{
"word": "umpire-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "vassal-in-chief"
},
{
"word": "war chief"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "チーフ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "chīfu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: チーフ (chīfu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: チーフ (chīfu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "chifu",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swahili: chifu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swahili: chifu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cheef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cheef",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chief",
"t": "leader"
},
"expansion": "chief (“leader”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"t": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "English cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "English head",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chef",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cheef, chef, from the current french word Chef, chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chief (plural chiefs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"english": "female chief",
"word": "chiefess"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "captain"
},
{
"word": "chef"
},
{
"word": "chieftain"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1857 May 11 [1856 March 1], A. S. Waugh, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London, page 346",
"text": "In virtue of this privilege, in testimony of my affectionate respect for a revered chief, in conformity with what I believe to be the wish of all the Members of the scientific department, over which I have the honour to preside, and to perpetuate the memory of that illustrious master of accurate geographical research, I have determined to name this noble peak of the Himalayas ‘ Mont Everest.’",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "All firefighters report to the fire chief.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leader or head of a group of people, organisation, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:leader of group etc"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Heraldic charges"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry",
"text": "When the Chief is Charged with any figure, in blazon it is said to be \"On a Chief\".",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The top part of a shield or escutcheon; more specifically, an ordinary consisting of the upper part of the field cut off by a horizontal line, generally occupying the top third."
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
],
[
"escutcheon",
"escutcheon"
],
[
"ordinary",
"ordinary"
],
[
"field",
"field"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) The top part of a shield or escutcheon; more specifically, an ordinary consisting of the upper part of the field cut off by a horizontal line, generally occupying the top third."
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The principal part or top of anything."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An informal term of address."
],
"links": [
[
"ironic",
"irony"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes ironic) An informal term of address."
],
"tags": [
"ironic",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"Canadian English",
"English offensive terms"
],
"glosses": [
"An informal term of address.",
"An informal term of address for a Native American or First Nations man."
],
"links": [
[
"ironic",
"irony"
],
[
"Native American",
"Native American#English"
],
[
"First Nations",
"First Nations#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes ironic) An informal term of address.",
"(US, Canada, offensive) An informal term of address for a Native American or First Nations man."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"ironic",
"offensive",
"sometimes"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːf"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-chief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg/En-us-chief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chieftain"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prijës"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pringj"
},
{
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "tukux̂"
},
{
"code": "apw",
"lang": "Western Apache",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "nantʼán"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šayḵ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَيْخ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qāʔid",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "قَائِد"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aṙaǰnord",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "առաջնորդ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pravadýr",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "правады́р"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "halóŭny",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гало́ўны"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vódca",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "во́дца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "važák",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "важа́к"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vožd",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вожд"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glavatár",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "главата́р"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vodač",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "водач"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "hajá·po-"
},
{
"code": "csm",
"lang": "Central Sierra Miwok",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "má·jyŋy-"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "ugvwiyuhi",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ"
},
{
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "mfumu"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "minko'"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "頭子"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóuzi",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "头子"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "náčelník"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"code": "egy",
"lang": "Egyptian",
"roman": "wr",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wr:r-A1"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "pealik"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cjâf"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dûs"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caporal"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coudel"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Häuptling"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Oberhaupt"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archigós",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχηγός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "prostátēs",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "προστάτης"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "órkhamos",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"Epic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ὄρχαμος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "cīph",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "चीफ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pradhān",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "प्रधान"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śreṣṭh",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "श्रेष्ठ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mukhya",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मुख्य"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śekh",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "शेख"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mālik",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मालिक"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mālak",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मालक"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sardār",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "सरदार"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "főnök"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"note": "e.g. chief of a tribe",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "höfðingi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "foringi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leiðtogi"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "chefo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capo"
},
{
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "長"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chīfu",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "チーフ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "mei",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "មេ"
},
{
"code": "kg",
"lang": "Kongo",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "mfumu"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "serok"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "başcı",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "башчы"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "kapo"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "kapu (Monastir)"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "shef"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "el gadol"
},
{
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "itȟáŋčhaŋ"
},
{
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "wičháša itȟáŋčhaŋ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prīnceps"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "praepositus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "procer"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glavatar",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "главатар"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poglavar",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "поглавар"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glavešina",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "главешина"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "starešina",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "старешина"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vodač",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "водач"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "talavaṉ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "തലവൻ"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "nētāvŭ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "നേതാവ്"
},
{
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "dato"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "rangatira"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "poumatua"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "ariki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "ringawhero"
},
{
"code": "mic",
"lang": "Mi'kmaq",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "saqamaw"
},
{
"code": "mic",
"lang": "Mi'kmaq",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"animate"
],
"word": "saqama'sgw"
},
{
"code": "umu",
"lang": "Munsee",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "kíhkay"
},
{
"code": "niq",
"lang": "Nandi",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "olaitorio"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "naatʼáanii"
},
{
"code": "nay",
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "rupelli"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "høvding"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "høvding"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "ogimaa"
},
{
"code": "cu",
"lang": "Church Slavic",
"roman": "voždĭ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "вождь"
},
{
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"roman": "vožĭ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вожь"
},
{
"code": "otk",
"lang": "Old Turkic",
"roman": "beg",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "𐰋𐰏"
},
{
"code": "otw",
"lang": "Ottawa",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "gimaa"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "koca",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "قوجه"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "malak",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ملک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wódz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "líder"
},
{
"code": "rap",
"lang": "Rapa Nui",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "'ariki"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "căpetenie"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șef"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "of a tribe",
"roman": "voždʹ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вождь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glávnyj",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "гла́вный"
},
{
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "matai"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śíras",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "शिरस्"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poglavar"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poglavica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vođa"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glàvār"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "náčelník"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glavar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "chifu"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "jumbe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"note": "of a tribe",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hövding"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ledare"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "puno"
},
{
"code": "tly",
"lang": "Talysh",
"roman": "rais",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"Asalemi"
],
"word": "رئیس"
},
{
"code": "tly",
"lang": "Talysh",
"roman": "rais",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"Asalemi"
],
"word": "رییس"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "talaivaṉ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "தலைவன்"
},
{
"code": "twf",
"lang": "Taos",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "łòwaʼána"
},
{
"code": "twf",
"lang": "Taos",
"note": "of town or house",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "tə̀otʼų́nena"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "tāś"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "bigman"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "voždʹ",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "вождь"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holovnýj",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "головни́й"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "provodýr",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "проводи́р"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "leader of group, etc.",
"word": "inkosi class 9/6"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "raʔīs",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رَئِيس"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mudīr",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُدِير"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šayḵ",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَيْخ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "pet",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "պետ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ġekavar",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "ղեկավար"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tnōren",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "տնօրեն"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kiraŭník",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кіраўні́к"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льнiк"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "halavá",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "галава́"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шэф"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načálnik",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́лник"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rǎkovodítel",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ръководи́тел"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "長"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǎng",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "长"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "頭"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tóu",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "头"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"english": "fire chief",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "náčelník"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "päällikkö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Chef"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"slang"
],
"word": "Boss"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archigós",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "αρχηγός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "cīph",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "चीफ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "raīs",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "रईस"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śekh",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "शेख"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sardār",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "सरदार"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "yfirmaður"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "forstöðumaður"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "foringi"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "chefo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "direzione"
},
{
"alt": "ちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chō",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "長"
},
{
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "itȟáŋčhaŋ"
},
{
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "wičháša itȟáŋčhaŋ"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-er"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-ghooinney"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "whakataka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "rangatira"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "ringawhero"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "ogimaa"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "farnešin",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "فرنشین"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "modir",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "مدیر"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szef"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kierownik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "naczelnik"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "manda-chuva"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șef"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glavá",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глава́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnik",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rukovodítelʹ",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "руководи́тель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ceannard"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šef"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "náčelník"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šéf"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "načelnik"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "puno"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "tāś"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "holová",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "голова́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "načálʹnyk",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "нача́льник"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kerivnýk",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"word": "керівни́к"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šef",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шеф"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "head of an organization",
"tags": [
"class-10",
"class-9"
],
"word": "inhloko"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pringj"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cap"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hlava štítu"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "schildhoofd"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"word": "lakio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schildhaupt"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "głowica"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glavá",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "глава́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jefe"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ginstam"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chef"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "heraldic term",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sköldhuvud"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "informal address",
"word": "johtaja"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "informal address",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xefe"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "informal address",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "meistari"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chief"
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːf",
"Rhymes:English/iːf/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cheef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cheef",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chief",
"t": "leader"
},
"expansion": "chief (“leader”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"t": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "English cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "English head",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chef",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cheef, chef, from the current french word Chef, chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiefer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more chief",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "chiefest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most chief",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "chief (comparative chiefer or more chief, superlative chiefest or most chief)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Negligence was the chief cause of the disaster.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1727, Tobias Swinden, “The Improbability of Hell Fire’s Being in, or about the Center of the Earth”, in An Enquiry into the Nature and Place of Hell. […] With a Supplement, wherein the Notions of A[rch]b[isho]p [John] Tillotson, Dr. Lupton, and Others, as to the Eternity of Hell Torments, are Impartially Represented. And the Rev. Mr. Wall’s Sentiments of this Learned Work, 2nd edition, London: Printed by H. P. for Tho[mas] Astley, at the Dolphin and Crown in St. Paul's Church-Yard, →OCLC, pages 98–99",
"text": "[…] But when we find that they [volcanoes] are but few in Number, and the chiefeſt of thoſe too near the torrid Zone, and from their Tops to iſſue forth, now clear Fire, then thick, black Smoke, and ſometimes little or nothing at all; we muſt conclude, that they are only particular Fires, probably of the Sun’s kindling at firſt, and ſince continued by the caſual and incidental Applications of that Pabulum, which thoſe Part of the Earth adminiſter to them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Roy F. Baumeister, John Tierney, Willpower, page 113",
"text": "Researchers found that one of the chief effects of drinking was to reduce people's ability to monitor their own behavior.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Primary; principal."
],
"links": [
[
"Primary",
"primary"
],
[
"principal",
"principal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, James Robertson, The Testament of Gideon Mack, page 324",
"text": "'You’re doing it because she was your friend, not because she was a parishioner, and certainly not because of the Declaratory Articles,' Macmurray said, pushing himself forward on his seat. 'Everybody knows how chief you and she were. It was an unfitting relationship for a minister while she was alive, and it is equally unfitting for you to do her a favour like this now she's dead.'",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intimate, friendly."
],
"links": [
[
"Intimate",
"intimate"
],
[
"friendly",
"friendly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) Intimate, friendly."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːf"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-chief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg/En-us-chief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "principal"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "hlavní"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "principal"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "hauptsächlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "primär"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kýrios",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "κύριος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kephálaios",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "κεφάλαιος"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "cīph",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "चीफ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "mukhya",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "मुख्य"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pradhān",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "प्रधान"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śreṣṭh",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "श्रेष्ठ"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "aðal-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "megin-"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "princeps"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "potissimus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "matua"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "chefe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "principal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glávnyj",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "гла́вный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osnovnój",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "основно́й"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "pradhāna",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "प्रधान"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "primary; principal",
"word": "principal"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chief"
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːf",
"Rhymes:English/iːf/1 syllable",
"en:Leaders",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cheef"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cheef",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "chef",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chief",
"t": "leader"
},
"expansion": "chief (“leader”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "captain"
},
"expansion": "captain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chieftain"
},
"expansion": "chieftain",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput",
"t": "head"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput (“head”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cap",
"t": "head covering"
},
"expansion": "English cap (“head covering”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kauput-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kauput-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head"
},
"expansion": "English head",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chef",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cheef, chef, from the current french word Chef, chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus (from which also captain, chieftain), from Latin caput (“head”) (English cap (“head covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput- (English head). Doublet of chef.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiefs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chiefing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chiefed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chiefed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chief (third-person singular simple present chiefs, present participle chiefing, simple past and past participle chiefed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "chef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Marquis \"Cream\" Cureton, When the Smoke Clears (page 268)",
"text": "He chiefed on the bud like a pro, taking long deep hits and holding it within until he had inhaled as much of the weed smoke as he could."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To smoke cannabis."
],
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
],
[
"cannabis",
"cannabis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) To smoke cannabis."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃiːf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːf"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-chief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg/En-us-chief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/En-us-chief.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chief"
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chef"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chef"
],
"links": [
[
"chef",
"chef#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chief",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chef"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chef"
],
"links": [
[
"chef",
"chef#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "French: chef",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "French: chef (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Old French chief",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French chief.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chiefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{f}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{f}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "chiefs",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "chief m (plural chiefs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chief m (plural chiefs)",
"name": "frm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French masculine nouns",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French"
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "chief"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: chief\nFrench: chef (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: chief\nFrench: chef (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "chef"
},
"expansion": "Norman: chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norman: chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "chef",
"bor": "1",
"noalts": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: chef\nEnglish: chief\nScots: chief",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: chef\nEnglish: chief\nScots: chief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "xefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Spanish: xefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Spanish: xefe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "jefe"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: jefe, gefe; xefe\n→ English: jefe\n→ Bikol Central: hepe\n→ Cebuano: hepe\n→ Tagalog: hepe",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: jefe, gefe; xefe\n→ English: jefe\n→ Bikol Central: hepe\n→ Cebuano: hepe\n→ Tagalog: hepe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "xefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Asturian: xefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Asturian: xefe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "xefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: xefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: xefe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "chefe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: chefe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: chefe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "capus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin capus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "caput"
},
"expansion": "Latin caput",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First known attestation 881 in The Sequence of Saint Eulalia. From Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chief oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "chiés",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chiés",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chief",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "chief oblique singular, m (oblique plural chiés, nominative singular chiés, nominative plural chief)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"fro:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He exposed his head and his face.",
"ref": "c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide",
"text": "Le chief li desarme et la face.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) head"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"leader, chief"
],
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"chief",
"chief#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"front (foremost side of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"front",
"front"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtʃjeːf/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "Occitanism found in La Vie de Saint Léger, circa 980",
"word": "cap"
},
{
"word": "chef"
},
{
"word": "cief"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Sequence of Saint Eulalia"
],
"word": "chief"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.