See ci on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ci meaning in All languages combined (82.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Mandarin",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "詞"
},
"expansion": "詞／词 (cí)",
"name": "zh-m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Mandarin 詞／词 (cí).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the Classical Chinese poetry forms"
],
"id": "en-ci-en-noun-DIB6byUG",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
"ci (poetry)"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axk",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aka (Central Africa)",
"lang_code": "axk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aka (Central Africa) entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"id": "en-ci-axk-noun-D0FoSQ44",
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "ban-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Balinese",
"lang_code": "ban",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ᬘᬶ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ᬘᬶ"
],
"id": "en-ci-ban-romanization-vMfvhT74",
"links": [
[
"ᬘᬶ",
"ᬘᬶ#Balinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cí",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "noun",
"head": "cí"
},
"expansion": "cí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thatch, especially of the species Diheteropogon grandiflorus"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-noun-esV14iEp",
"links": [
[
"thatch",
"thatch"
],
[
"Diheteropogon grandiflorus",
"Diheteropogon grandiflorus"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cí",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "noun",
"head": "cí"
},
"expansion": "cí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"commission, errand"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-noun-sY9LXvLV",
"links": [
[
"commission",
"commission"
],
[
"errand",
"errand"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"message, order"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-noun-yrCbubUE",
"links": [
[
"message",
"message"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it is your duty",
"text": "ò cí bɛ́ í kàn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mission, task, assignment"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-noun-DCy0I9of",
"links": [
[
"mission",
"mission"
],
[
"task",
"task"
],
[
"assignment",
"assignment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to work in the fields",
"text": "cí kɛ́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work, labor (especially agricultural)"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-noun-1oesJmSo",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"labor",
"labor"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 8 4 28 2 8 8 2 2 6 2 8 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bambara entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "that's useless",
"text": "cí tɛ́ nìn ná",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"usefulness, utility"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-noun-dkqwzZyB",
"links": [
[
"usefulness",
"usefulness"
],
[
"utility",
"utility"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cí",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "verb",
"head": "cí"
},
"expansion": "cí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to send a letter to someone",
"text": "sɛ́bɛn cí mɔ̀gɔ mà",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to send, charge with a mission"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-verb-piQ3PDrk",
"links": [
[
"send",
"send"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cì",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "verb",
"head": "cì"
},
"expansion": "cì",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the wind is blowing",
"text": "fíyɛn bɛ́ cì",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hit an donkey",
"text": "fàli cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hit"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-verb-U~AyJc4J",
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He knocked him unconscious",
"text": "à y'á kùn cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to break"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-verb-uvkE5ojw",
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to destroy"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-verb-z~oZCw4l",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to split wood",
"text": "dɔ́gɔ cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to split, divide, cut"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-verb-8RrdXVhs",
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"divide",
"divide"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to fire off a round (with a gun)",
"text": "màrifa cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burst, explode with a loud noise"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-verb-Kyzxyovp",
"links": [
[
"burst",
"burst"
],
[
"explode",
"explode"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to plot an area of a field to be hoed",
"text": "bála cì",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to vaccinate in the arm",
"text": "tùgu cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to trace, tattoo"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-verb-a~JdVE9Z",
"links": [
[
"trace",
"trace"
],
[
"tattoo",
"tattoo"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cì",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "noun",
"head": "cì"
},
"expansion": "cì",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"line, stroke"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-noun-J1MGKCQ2",
"links": [
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tattoo"
],
"id": "en-ci-bm-noun-pMcdBDvH",
"links": [
[
"tattoo",
"tattoo"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "la",
"3": "hīc",
"t": "here"
},
"expansion": "Latin hīc (“here”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hinc",
"t": "from here"
},
"expansion": "hinc (“from here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Italian ci",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cci"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian cci",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from either Latin hīc (“here”) or hinc (“from here”). Akin to Italian ci; see there for more. Compare Sicilian cci.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"there"
],
"id": "en-ci-co-adv-4kTxh~aW",
"links": [
[
"there",
"there"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "la",
"3": "hīc",
"t": "here"
},
"expansion": "Latin hīc (“here”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hinc",
"t": "from here"
},
"expansion": "hinc (“from here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Italian ci",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cci"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian cci",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from either Latin hīc (“here”) or hinc (“from here”). Akin to Italian ci; see there for more. Compare Sicilian cci.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Corsican entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Corsican personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Corsican pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"us (both direct and indirect object)"
],
"id": "en-ci-co-pron-HEEgMinq",
"links": [
[
"us",
"us"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "eiu"
},
{
"word": "mi"
},
{
"word": "mè"
},
{
"word": "tù"
},
{
"word": "ti"
},
{
"word": "tè"
},
{
"word": "ellu"
},
{
"word": "li"
},
{
"word": "u"
},
{
"word": "l'"
},
{
"word": "ella"
},
{
"word": "a"
},
{
"word": "noi"
},
{
"word": "voi"
},
{
"word": "vi"
},
{
"word": "elli"
},
{
"word": "i"
},
{
"word": "elle"
},
{
"word": "e"
}
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "la",
"3": "quem"
},
"expansion": "Latin quem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "quem"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese quem",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "cine"
},
"expansion": "Romanian cine",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "quien"
},
"expansion": "Spanish quien",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "che"
},
"expansion": "Romansch che",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "chíne"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian chíne",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin quem. Compare Portuguese quem, Romanian cine, Spanish quien, Romansch che, Sardinian chíne.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dalmatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dalmatian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-ci-dlm-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dhi",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dhimal",
"lang_code": "dhi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dhimal entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dhimal terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"id": "en-ci-dhi-noun-D0FoSQ44",
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "it",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Italian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "fr",
"3": "tu"
},
"expansion": "French tu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "ru",
"3": "ты"
},
"expansion": "Russian ты (ty)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Italian or French tu, Russian ты (ty), etc., plus the i of personal pronouns.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cin",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "cia",
"tags": [
"possessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "accusative",
"4": "cin",
"5": "possessive",
"6": "cia"
},
"expansion": "ci (accusative cin, possessive cia)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I read. — Thou writest (instead of “ci” one ordinarily uses “vi”.)",
"ref": "1905, Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhof, Fundamento de Esperanto",
"text": "Mi legas. — Ci skribas (anstataŭ “ci” oni uzas ordinare “vi”).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Her acquaintance fell in love / and reciprocally she; / after the passage of a month / \"You\" changed into \"thee\".",
"ref": "1899, Felikso Zamenhof, (Please provide the book title or journal name)",
"text": "Ekamis la konato / Kaj reciproke ŝi; / Post paso de monato / Ŝanĝiĝis »Vi« per »ci«.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Thine attitude shall be truly proud, he mockingly whispered into her ear, when thou shalt have awakened the whole population.",
"ref": "1907, Henri Vallienne, Kastelo de Prelongo, ch. 6",
"text": "Cia sintenado estos vere fiera, li moke murmuretis en ŝian orelon, kiam ci estos vekinta la tutan loĝantaron.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thou, you (second-person informal singular pronoun)"
],
"id": "en-ci-eo-pron-BUlvE40I",
"links": [
[
"thou",
"thou"
],
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) thou, you (second-person informal singular pronoun)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡si]"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ceci"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ci-après"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ci-avant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ci-contre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ci-dessous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ci-devant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ci-gît"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ci-joint"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "comme ci comme ça"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ici"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "par-ci, par-là"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "ecce hīc",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Late Latin ecce hīc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "ecce hīc"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Late Latin ecce hīc",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Late Latin ecce hīc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "fr-adv"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "here",
"word": "ici"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ici (“here”)"
],
"id": "en-ci-fr-adv-UD0avp9N",
"links": [
[
"ici",
"ici#French"
]
],
"qualifier": "else archaic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds, else archaic) Alternative form of ici (“here”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"in-compounds"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"see -ci"
],
"id": "en-ci-fr-adv-ghuMEmKE",
"links": [
[
"-ci",
"-ci#French"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(after a noun) see -ci"
],
"raw_tags": [
"after a noun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/si/"
},
{
"homophone": "si"
},
{
"homophone": "scie"
},
{
"homophone": "scies"
},
{
"homophone": "scient"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-ci.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/Fr-ci.ogg/Fr-ci.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Fr-ci.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "cdc-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Chadic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*taʔ-",
"t": "to eat, especially something soft, to close lips, especially loosely"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *taʔ- (“to eat, especially something soft, to close lips, especially loosely”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "𒋫𒀪𒌑",
"t": "to eat",
"tr": "ta-ʔu-u₂",
"ts": "ta'u"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒋫𒀪𒌑 (ta-ʔu-u₂ /ta'u/, “to eat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gdq",
"2": "tewō",
"t": "eat"
},
"expansion": "Mehri tewō (“eat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "تَأْتَأَ",
"t": "to stammer, to stutter, to reduplicate sounds, to mumble or move lips",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic تَأْتَأَ (taʔtaʔa, “to stammer, to stutter, to reduplicate sounds, to mumble or move lips”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "thv",
"2": "ⵜⵜ",
"tr": "tǝtt"
},
"expansion": "Tamahaq ⵜⵜ (tǝtt)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rif",
"2": "ⵜⵜ",
"tr": "tǝtt"
},
"expansion": "Tarifit ⵜⵜ (tǝtt)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tzm",
"2": "ⵜⵛ"
},
"expansion": "Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⵛ (tc)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kab",
"2": "teṭṭ"
},
"expansion": "Kabyle teṭṭ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "تَعْتَعَ",
"3": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "تَعْتَعَ (taʕtaʕa)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "طَعِمَ",
"t": "to taste",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "طَعِمَ (ṭaʕima, “to taste”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "عَضَّ",
"t": "to bite"
},
"expansion": "عَضَّ (ʕaḍḍa, “to bite”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Chadic, ultimately from Proto-Afroasiatic *taʔ- (“to eat, especially something soft, to close lips, especially loosely”). Compare Akkadian 𒋫𒀪𒌑 (ta-ʔu-u₂ /ta'u/, “to eat”), Mehri tewō (“eat”), Arabic تَأْتَأَ (taʔtaʔa, “to stammer, to stutter, to reduplicate sounds, to mumble or move lips”), and with varying Berber forms Tamahaq ⵜⵜ (tǝtt), Tarifit ⵜⵜ (tǝtt), Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⵛ (tc), and Kabyle teṭṭ (pharyngeal-coloring found as well in the Arabic variant تَعْتَعَ (taʕtaʕa), and in that sense possible further connections to طَعِمَ (ṭaʕima, “to taste”) and عَضَّ (ʕaḍḍa, “to bite”)).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "verb",
"3": "grade Ø",
"head": "ci",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (grade Ø)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "0",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci (grade Ø)",
"name": "ha-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tarifit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to eat, to eat soft things"
],
"id": "en-ci-ha-verb-QNZmUxOC",
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃí/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃɪ́]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "determiner form"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "these",
"word": "ici"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ici (“these”)"
],
"id": "en-ci-io-det-M2FtC9TZ",
"links": [
[
"ici",
"ici#Ido"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tsi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "these",
"word": "ici"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ici (“these”)"
],
"id": "en-ci-io-pron-M2FtC9TZ",
"links": [
[
"ici",
"ici#Ido"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tsi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nan-xia",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Xiamen Hokkien",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "錢",
"gloss": "mace",
"tr": "chîⁿ"
},
"expansion": "錢／钱 (chîⁿ, “mace”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Xiamen Hokkien 錢／钱 (chîⁿ, “mace”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "cimu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cinya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci (first-person possessive ciku, second-person possessive cimu, third-person possessive cinya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 33 8 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 39 8 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"weight unit: 1/10 tahil (for opium)."
],
"id": "en-ci-id-noun-WuRsZsEj",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) weight unit: 1/10 tahil (for opium)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃi]"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "su",
"3": "ᮎᮤ",
"tr": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Sundanese ᮎᮤ (ci)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*wahiʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sundanese ᮎᮤ (ci), ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "cimu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cinya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci (first-person possessive ciku, second-person possessive cimu, third-person possessive cinya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 39 8 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"river (large stream which drains a landmass)"
],
"id": "en-ci-id-noun-cp7219NU",
"links": [
[
"river",
"river"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alir"
},
{
"word": "alur"
},
{
"word": "batang"
},
{
"word": "bengawan"
},
{
"word": "kali"
},
{
"word": "sungai"
},
{
"word": "wai"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃi]"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "cimu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cinya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci (first-person possessive ciku, second-person possessive cimu, third-person possessive cinya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "encik"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of encik."
],
"id": "en-ci-id-noun-zEoBng4J",
"links": [
[
"encik",
"encik#Indonesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "elder sister",
"word": "taci"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 39 8 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of taci (“elder sister”)."
],
"id": "en-ci-id-noun-E7DeR6CE",
"links": [
[
"taci",
"taci#Indonesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃi]"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"here (at this place)"
],
"id": "en-ci-ia-adv-ChdHsdVO",
"links": [
[
"here",
"here"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tsi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "C"
},
"expansion": "C",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "cē",
"pos": "the name of the letter <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">C</i>"
},
"expansion": "Latin cē (the name of the letter C)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cē (the name of the letter C).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "ci f (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cì"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Latin letter names",
"orig": "it:Latin letter names",
"parents": [
"Letter names",
"Letters, symbols, and punctuation",
"Names",
"Orthography",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Writing",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Lemmas",
"Human",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The name of the Latin-script letter C.; cee"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-noun-CdVDAzpH",
"links": [
[
"C",
"C#Italian"
],
[
"cee",
"cee"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "lettera"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "bi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "di"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "effe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "gi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "acca"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "gei"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "i lunga"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "cappa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "elle"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "emme"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "enne"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "o"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "pi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "cu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "erre"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "esse"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ti"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "vu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "vi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "doppia vu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ics"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ipsilon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "i greca"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "zeta"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"invariable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃi/",
"note": "most common outside of Tuscany"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "ecce hīc"
},
"expansion": "ecce hīc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hic"
},
"expansion": "hic",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ecce"
},
"expansion": "ecce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "eccum"
},
"expansion": "eccum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ciò"
},
"expansion": "ciò",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "qua"
},
"expansion": "qua",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "qui"
},
"expansion": "qui",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hince"
},
"expansion": "hince",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hinc",
"3": "",
"4": "hence, from here"
},
"expansion": "hinc (“hence, from here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "'nci"
},
"expansion": "'nci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "nce",
"3": "'nce"
},
"expansion": "'nce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hīce"
},
"expansion": "hīce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hīc",
"3": "",
"4": "here"
},
"expansion": "hīc (“here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "ce"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan ce",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cci"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian cci",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "zi"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese zi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Rohlfs and Von Wartburg favoured/favored Late Latin ecce hīc. Maiden casts doubt on this etymology, pointing out that Italian ci is an unstressed 'weak' form, while Latin hic otherwise survives in Italian only in stressed forms (reinforced by Latin ecce or eccum) such as ciò, qua, and qui. (It should also be noted that all of the latter trigger syntactic doubling in a following word, thanks to their original final /k/, while ci does not.) Maiden proposes instead an origin in Latin hince, variant of hinc (“hence, from here”), pointing out that in parts of southern Italy there exists a 1PL pronoun 'nci (cf. also 'nce). Treccani, on the other hand, proposes an origin in Latin hīce, a variant of hīc (“here”). In any case, the Italian term is certainly cognate with Neapolitan ce, Sicilian cci and Sassarese zi, all three of which share similar adverbial senses, with the latter two also having pronominal senses.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "io"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "m'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "me"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "—"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "t'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "te"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lui"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "si2"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "s'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-si"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "l'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-lo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-gli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "glie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "se2"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sé"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "c'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "v'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "n'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lei"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Lei1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "la"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "La1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "L'1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-la"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-La1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "le3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Le1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-le3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-Le1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "noi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ci"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "voi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Voi4"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Vi4"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "v'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "V'4"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-vi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-Vi4"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ve"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "loro"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Loro1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "si"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "li"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Li1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-li"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-Li1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "loro"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "se"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "le"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-le"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "1"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects",
"word": "Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects. Unlike the singular forms"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "2"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "one",
"word": "Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "and to form the passive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "3"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Often replaced by gli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-gli in informal language"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "4"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "capitalisation optional",
"word": "Formal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in many regions"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "compare with French vous",
"word": "can refer to just one person"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They know us",
"text": "Loro ci conoscono",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"us"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-pron-ea2yovzl",
"links": [
[
"us",
"us"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian reflexive pronouns",
"parents": [
"Reflexive pronouns",
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 9 40 9 23 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We (ourselves) get angry",
"text": "Ci arrabbiamo",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We love each other",
"text": "Ci amiamo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ourselves; each other"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-pron-WgzXIOqe",
"links": [
[
"ourselves",
"ourselves"
],
[
"each other",
"each other"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) ourselves; each other"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He said this to us",
"text": "Lui ci ha detto questo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to us"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-pron-z8xMQYaY",
"links": [
[
"us",
"us"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "One washes oneself.",
"text": "Ci si lava.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "One gets bored when there is nothing to do.",
"text": "Ci si annoia quando non c'è niente da fare.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"replaces the indefinite personal pronoun si (“one”) before reflexive si (“oneself”); one"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-pron-h~0GC1Q~",
"links": [
[
"si",
"si#Italian"
],
[
"one",
"one"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I do not believe it.",
"text": "Non ci credo.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"it, to it"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-pron-1HmCfvLq"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"enclitic"
],
"word": "-ci"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch"
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "ecce hīc"
},
"expansion": "ecce hīc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hic"
},
"expansion": "hic",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ecce"
},
"expansion": "ecce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "eccum"
},
"expansion": "eccum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ciò"
},
"expansion": "ciò",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "qua"
},
"expansion": "qua",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "qui"
},
"expansion": "qui",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hince"
},
"expansion": "hince",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hinc",
"3": "",
"4": "hence, from here"
},
"expansion": "hinc (“hence, from here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "'nci"
},
"expansion": "'nci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "nce",
"3": "'nce"
},
"expansion": "'nce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hīce"
},
"expansion": "hīce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hīc",
"3": "",
"4": "here"
},
"expansion": "hīc (“here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "ce"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan ce",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cci"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian cci",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "zi"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese zi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Rohlfs and Von Wartburg favoured/favored Late Latin ecce hīc. Maiden casts doubt on this etymology, pointing out that Italian ci is an unstressed 'weak' form, while Latin hic otherwise survives in Italian only in stressed forms (reinforced by Latin ecce or eccum) such as ciò, qua, and qui. (It should also be noted that all of the latter trigger syntactic doubling in a following word, thanks to their original final /k/, while ci does not.) Maiden proposes instead an origin in Latin hince, variant of hinc (“hence, from here”), pointing out that in parts of southern Italy there exists a 1PL pronoun 'nci (cf. also 'nce). Treccani, on the other hand, proposes an origin in Latin hīce, a variant of hīc (“here”). In any case, the Italian term is certainly cognate with Neapolitan ce, Sicilian cci and Sassarese zi, all three of which share similar adverbial senses, with the latter two also having pronominal senses.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "it-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ivi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "là"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "qua"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "qui"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I have been there",
"text": "Ci sono andato",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We're here",
"text": "Ci siamo",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There are many things",
"text": "Ci sono molte cose",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There is a problem",
"text": "C'è un problema",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to there, here, there"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-adv-vu596-xY",
"links": [
[
"there",
"there"
],
[
"here",
"here"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "formal",
"word": "vi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to require/take",
"text": "volerci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to get used to it",
"text": "abituarci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be able to do it",
"text": "riuscirci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to do with something",
"text": "entrarci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to count on it",
"text": "contarci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to think about it",
"text": "pensarci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to agree / to be up for something",
"text": "starci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to manage to do something",
"text": "farcela",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to believe it",
"text": "crederci",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms part of many verbs:",
"forms part of many verbs"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-adv-eXbJoS2l",
"raw_glosses": [
"forms part of many verbs:"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"enclitic"
],
"word": "-ci"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch"
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci m (uncountable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 2 11 53 0 25 0 8 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 5 25 52 0 11 0 6 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Languages",
"orig": "it:Languages",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Names",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the Twi language family"
],
"id": "en-ci-it-noun-gnKefwtR",
"links": [
[
"Twi",
"Twi"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"family",
"family"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tchi"
},
{
"word": "twi"
},
{
"word": "kyi"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kxs",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*ci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "чи"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian чи (či)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sce",
"2": "chi"
},
"expansion": "Dongxiang chi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mongolic *ci, compare Mongolian чи (či), Dongxiang chi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kxs",
"2": "pronouns"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangjia",
"lang_code": "kxs",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kangjia entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kangjia pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you"
],
"id": "en-ci-kxs-pron-uwNHpGjZ",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kr",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kanuri",
"lang_code": "kr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kanuri entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kanuri entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "kr",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "kr:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mouth"
],
"id": "en-ci-kr-noun-TPNc-HQ1",
"links": [
[
"mouth",
"mouth"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cī",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "cī"
},
"expansion": "cī",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ciō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of ciō"
],
"id": "en-ci-la-verb-VMoydY2a",
"links": [
[
"ciō",
"cio#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "su",
"3": "ᮎᮤ",
"tr": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Sundanese ᮎᮤ (ci)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sundanese ᮎᮤ (ci).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "چي",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "ci-ci",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"informal",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "cimu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cinya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "چي"
},
"expansion": "ci (Jawi spelling چي, plural ci-ci, informal 1st possessive ciku, 2nd possessive cimu, 3rd possessive cinya)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ms",
"name": "Liquids",
"orig": "ms:Liquids",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"river (large stream which drains a landmass)"
],
"id": "en-ci-ms-noun-cp7219NU",
"links": [
[
"river",
"river"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alir"
},
{
"word": "alur"
},
{
"word": "batang"
},
{
"word": "bengawan"
},
{
"word": "kali"
},
{
"word": "sungai"
},
{
"word": "wai"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-t͡ʃi"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"notr": "1"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "cmn-pinyin"
}
],
"lang": "Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cī"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of cī."
],
"id": "en-ci-cmn-romanization-5QmCj29O",
"links": [
[
"cī",
"cī#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cí"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of cí."
],
"id": "en-ci-cmn-romanization-VaKipwfj",
"links": [
[
"cí",
"cí#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cǐ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of cǐ."
],
"id": "en-ci-cmn-romanization-8Uairr0B",
"links": [
[
"cǐ",
"cǐ#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cì"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 25 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of cì."
],
"id": "en-ci-cmn-romanization-sJSOtRH9",
"links": [
[
"cì",
"cì#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nhu",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Noone",
"lang_code": "nhu",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noone entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strike"
],
"id": "en-ci-nhu-verb-fNWM3WSj",
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kfune"
},
{
"word": "nyɛw"
},
{
"word": "suŋ"
}
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nup",
"2": "conjunction",
"head": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjunction",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "nup-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Nupe",
"lang_code": "nup",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nupe entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Musa will cut meat today, and Gana will eat yam today",
"text": "Musa à bá nakàn yínna, Gàná ci à gí eci yínna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to order actions temporally: then; and"
],
"id": "en-ci-nup-conj-FxxD2tSj",
"links": [
[
"then",
"then#English"
],
[
"and",
"and#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ma"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃī/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ici",
"3": "ci"
},
"expansion": "French: ici, ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: ici, ci"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "ecce hīc"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin ecce hīc",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin ecce hīc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "adverbs",
"3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "fro-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Go, leave this place! Let me have peace.",
"ref": "c. 1250, Marie de France, Guigemar",
"text": "Va t'en de ci ! Lai me aveir pes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"here (in this place)"
],
"id": "en-ci-fro-adv-~rJIcfv7",
"links": [
[
"here",
"here"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cía"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cía"
],
"id": "en-ci-sga-pron-L~0fl0mh",
"links": [
[
"cía",
"cía#Old Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cía"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cía"
],
"id": "en-ci-sga-conj-L~0fl0mh",
"links": [
[
"cía",
"cía#Old Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ti",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ti.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short dative singular of ty."
],
"id": "en-ci-pl-pron--5JfB8we",
"links": [
[
"ty",
"ty#Polish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pronoun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "ci m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"virile nominative plural of ten"
],
"id": "en-ci-pl-pron-FTEChVOM",
"links": [
[
"ten",
"ten#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ce"
},
"expansion": "ce",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ce.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Not I, but he.",
"text": "Nici eu, ci el.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"but; so that; on the contrary, opposite"
],
"id": "en-ci-ro-conj-2RJvwLm8",
"links": [
[
"but",
"but"
],
[
"on the contrary",
"on the contrary"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(adversative) but; so that; on the contrary, opposite"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dimpotrivă"
},
{
"word": "dar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Italian ci",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to Italian ci; see there for more.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"here, there"
],
"id": "en-ci-scn-adv-0tvlaXTE",
"links": [
[
"here",
"here"
],
[
"there",
"there"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtʃi]"
},
{
"ipa": "[tʃɪ]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cci"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "iddu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 31 31 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 31 31 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“he”); to him",
"word": "iddu"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of iddu (“he”); to him"
],
"id": "en-ci-scn-pron-UHSgZua7",
"links": [
[
"iddu",
"iddu#Sicilian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 31 31 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 31 31 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“she”); to her",
"word": "idda"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of idda (“she”); to her"
],
"id": "en-ci-scn-pron-isQ1Sz9H",
"links": [
[
"idda",
"idda#Sicilian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 31 31 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 31 31 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“they”); to them",
"word": "iddi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of iddi (“they”); to them"
],
"id": "en-ci-scn-pron-uuxiXX4y",
"links": [
[
"iddi",
"iddi#Sicilian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtʃi]"
},
{
"ipa": "[tʃɪ]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cci"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-tar",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "relative"
},
"expansion": "ci (relative)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tarantino",
"lang_code": "roa-tar",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tarantino entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tarantino pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-ci-roa-tar-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"tags": [
"relative"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctd",
"2": "tbq-kuk-pro",
"3": "*tsii"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kuki-Chin *tsii",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ctd",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*m-tsji"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tsji",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tsii, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tsji.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctd",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tedim Chin",
"lang_code": "ctd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tedim Chin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"salt"
],
"id": "en-ci-ctd-noun-Y0ea1poJ",
"links": [
[
"salt",
"salt"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "la",
"3": "quis"
},
"expansion": "Latin quis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "chi"
},
"expansion": "Italian chi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin quis (compare Italian chi).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Venetian",
"lang_code": "vec",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Venetian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Venetian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who?"
],
"id": "en-ci-vec-pron-HYF20Xk1",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"tags": [
"interrogative"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Walloon determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Walloon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cist"
},
"expansion": "Old French cist",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "la",
"3": "ecce"
},
"expansion": "Latin ecce",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "istum"
},
"expansion": "istum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iste"
},
"expansion": "iste",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cist, from Latin ecce istum (< iste).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cisse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "cist",
"tags": [
"before-vowel",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ciste",
"tags": [
"before-vowel",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"10": "ciste",
"11": "plural :",
"12": "ces",
"2": "determiner",
"3": "after an open syllabe :",
"4": "ç'",
"5": "feminine :",
"6": "cisse",
"7": "masculine form before vowel :",
"8": "cist",
"9": "feminine form before vowel :"
},
"expansion": "ci (after an open syllabe : ç', feminine : cisse, masculine form before vowel : cist, feminine form before vowel : ciste, plural : ces)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This rock",
"text": "Ci rotch",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It's this rock",
"text": "C' est ç' rotch-ci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This man",
"text": "Cist ome",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This box",
"text": "Cisse gayole",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This affair",
"text": "Ciste afwaire",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "These houses",
"text": "Ces måjhons",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"this"
],
"id": "en-ci-wa-det-HreWAkEe",
"links": [
[
"this",
"this"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/si/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Walloon determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Walloon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cist"
},
"expansion": "Old French cist",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "la",
"3": "ecce"
},
"expansion": "Latin ecce",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "istum"
},
"expansion": "istum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iste"
},
"expansion": "iste",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cist, from Latin ecce istum (< iste).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "c'",
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "çou",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "before a vowel :",
"4": "c'",
"5": "alternative form :",
"6": "çou"
},
"expansion": "ci (before a vowel : c', alternative form : çou)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Walloon pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It hurts me",
"text": "Ci m' fwait må",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It a man",
"text": "C' est on ome",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"it, this"
],
"id": "en-ci-wa-pron-qNzo761e",
"links": [
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"this",
"this"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/si/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*ki"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *ki",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *ki, from Proto-Celtic *kū, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cŵn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ci",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "gi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cŵn"
},
"expansion": "ci m (plural cŵn)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "cy:Dogs",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "hotdog",
"word": "ci poeth"
},
{
"english": "savage, fierce",
"word": "ciaidd"
},
{
"english": "corgi",
"word": "corgi"
},
{
"english": "canine",
"word": "cynaidd"
},
{
"english": "sycophant, sponger",
"word": "cynffongi"
},
{
"english": "canine",
"word": "cynol"
},
{
"english": "otter",
"word": "dwrgi"
},
{
"english": "a Welsh staghound",
"word": "gellgi"
},
{
"english": "weasel",
"word": "gwenci"
},
{
"english": "staghound",
"word": "hyddgi"
},
{
"english": "dog roses",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "ciros"
},
{
"english": "dog roses, sweetbriers",
"word": "rhos y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "dogrose",
"word": "rhosyn y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "hell-hound",
"word": "ufferngi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"id": "en-ci-cy-noun-zWNX792W",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iː"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "White Hmong",
"lang_code": "mww",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cook, to roast, to toast"
],
"id": "en-ci-mww-verb-rAUTk1Nv",
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"roast",
"roast"
],
[
"toast",
"toast"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to glow, to shine"
],
"id": "en-ci-mww-verb-0emfW7k0",
"links": [
[
"glow",
"glow"
],
[
"shine",
"shine"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ci˧/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "車",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "車 (MC tsyhae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "noun",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vehicle"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-noun-tATtPDcM",
"links": [
[
"vehicle",
"vehicle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "車",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "車 (MC tsyhae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "classifier",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "classifier"
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "classifier",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"carload of; cartload of; truckload of"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-classifier-jBG0Wd3J",
"links": [
[
"carload",
"carload"
],
[
"cartload",
"cartload"
],
[
"truckload",
"truckload"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "車",
"id": "2"
},
"expansion": "車 (MC tsyhae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "verb",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 1 0 45 8 11 11 17 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zhuang classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 1 47 5 11 11 18 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 57 2 9 9 12 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zhuang terms without Sawndip form",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sew with a sewing machine"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-verb-euGWkqun",
"links": [
[
"sew",
"sew"
],
[
"sewing machine",
"sewing machine"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to machine on a lathe"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-verb-vNL-XHwA",
"links": [
[
"machine",
"machine"
],
[
"lathe",
"lathe"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "吹",
"id": "1"
},
"expansion": "吹 (MC tsyhwe)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 吹 (MC tsyhwe).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𫩝",
"tags": [
"Sawndip"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "verb",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "Sawndip form",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "𫩝",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (Sawndip form 𫩝, 1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb",
"2": "𫩝"
},
"expansion": "ci (Sawndip form 𫩝, 1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to blow"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-verb-rHj~HNDI",
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of wind) to blow"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of wind"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "baed"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "daet"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "boq"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "coi"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to blow"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-verb-rHj~HNDI1",
"links": [
[
"blow",
"blow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to blow"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baed"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to play (a wind instrument)"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-verb-Yn7HgBhV",
"links": [
[
"play",
"play"
],
[
"wind instrument",
"wind instrument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to play (a wind instrument)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to pump (a bellows)"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-verb-yxJzbYWn",
"links": [
[
"pump",
"pump"
],
[
"bellows",
"bellows"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pump (a bellows)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "daz"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "boz"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "催"
},
"expansion": "催 (MC tshwoj)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 催 (MC tshwoj).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "verb",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to urge"
],
"id": "en-ci-za-verb-1OtlaUD~",
"links": [
[
"urge",
"urge"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "cui"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "dok"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "支"
},
"expansion": "支 (MC tsye)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 支 (MC tsye).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "classifier",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "classifier"
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "classifier",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used for stick-like objects."
],
"id": "en-ci-za-classifier-y4iIK5ej"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xng"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Mongol:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xng",
"2": "ᠴᠢ"
},
"expansion": "ᠴᠢ (či)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Mongolian: ᠴᠢ (či)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xng",
"2": "ꡅꡞ"
},
"expansion": "ꡅꡞ",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Phags-Pa: ꡅꡞ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xng",
"2": "جي",
"tr": "či"
},
"expansion": "جي (či)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Muqaddimat"
},
"expansion": "(Muqaddimat)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Arabic: جي (či) (Muqaddimat)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mongolian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "ᠴᠢ"
},
"expansion": "ᠴᠢ (či)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Classical: ᠴᠢ (či)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn-kha",
"2": "чи"
},
"expansion": "Khalkha Mongolian: чи (či)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalkha Mongolian: чи (či)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ordos: /t͡ʃʰi/"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bua",
"2": "ши"
},
"expansion": "Buryat: ши (ši)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Buryat: ши (ši)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ykh",
"2": "či"
},
"expansion": "Khamnigan Mongol: či",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khamnigan Mongol: či"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xal",
"2": "чи"
},
"expansion": "Kalmyk: чи (çi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalmyk: чи (çi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dta",
"2": "shii"
},
"expansion": "Daur: shii",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Daur: shii"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yuy",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "East Yugur: ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "East Yugur: ci"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Monguor:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-mgr",
"2": "qi"
},
"expansion": "Mangghuer: qi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mangghuer: qi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-mgl",
"2": "qi"
},
"expansion": "Mongghul: qi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mongghul: qi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peh",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Bonan: ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bonan: ci"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kxs",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Kangjia: ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kangjia: ci"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sce",
"2": "chi"
},
"expansion": "Dongxiang: chi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dongxiang: chi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhj",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Mogholi: ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mogholi: ci"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*sen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *sen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*si"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *si",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "sen"
},
"expansion": "Turkish sen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "evn",
"2": "си"
},
"expansion": "Evenki си (si)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Somewhat similar to Proto-Turkic *sen and Proto-Tungusic *si. Compare Turkish sen, Evenki си (si).\nWhether this similarity is due to inheritance (now considered highly unlikely), borrowing or coincidence is a highly contentious question among specialists in these languages which is of crucial significance for the Altaic debate.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/ci",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Mongolic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you (personal pronoun)"
],
"id": "en-ci-xgn-pro-pron-D19NGiS7",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axk",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Aka (Central Africa)",
"lang_code": "axk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Aka (Central Africa) entries with incorrect language header",
"Aka (Central Africa) lemmas",
"Aka (Central Africa) nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "ban-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Balinese",
"lang_code": "ban",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ᬘᬶ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Balinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Balinese non-lemma forms",
"Balinese romanizations",
"Balinese terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ᬘᬶ"
],
"links": [
[
"ᬘᬶ",
"ᬘᬶ#Balinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bambara entries with incorrect language header",
"Bambara lemmas",
"Bambara nouns",
"Bambara verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cí",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "noun",
"head": "cí"
},
"expansion": "cí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thatch, especially of the species Diheteropogon grandiflorus"
],
"links": [
[
"thatch",
"thatch"
],
[
"Diheteropogon grandiflorus",
"Diheteropogon grandiflorus"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bambara entries with incorrect language header",
"Bambara lemmas",
"Bambara nouns",
"Bambara verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cí",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "noun",
"head": "cí"
},
"expansion": "cí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"commission, errand"
],
"links": [
[
"commission",
"commission"
],
[
"errand",
"errand"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"message, order"
],
"links": [
[
"message",
"message"
],
[
"order",
"order"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it is your duty",
"text": "ò cí bɛ́ í kàn",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mission, task, assignment"
],
"links": [
[
"mission",
"mission"
],
[
"task",
"task"
],
[
"assignment",
"assignment"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to work in the fields",
"text": "cí kɛ́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"work, labor (especially agricultural)"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"labor",
"labor"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "that's useless",
"text": "cí tɛ́ nìn ná",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"usefulness, utility"
],
"links": [
[
"usefulness",
"usefulness"
],
[
"utility",
"utility"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bambara entries with incorrect language header",
"Bambara lemmas",
"Bambara nouns",
"Bambara verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cí",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "verb",
"head": "cí"
},
"expansion": "cí",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to send a letter to someone",
"text": "sɛ́bɛn cí mɔ̀gɔ mà",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to send, charge with a mission"
],
"links": [
[
"send",
"send"
],
[
"charge",
"charge"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bambara entries with incorrect language header",
"Bambara lemmas",
"Bambara nouns",
"Bambara verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cì",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "verb",
"head": "cì"
},
"expansion": "cì",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the wind is blowing",
"text": "fíyɛn bɛ́ cì",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hit an donkey",
"text": "fàli cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hit"
],
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He knocked him unconscious",
"text": "à y'á kùn cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to break"
],
"links": [
[
"break",
"break"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to destroy"
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to split wood",
"text": "dɔ́gɔ cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to split, divide, cut"
],
"links": [
[
"split",
"split"
],
[
"divide",
"divide"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to fire off a round (with a gun)",
"text": "màrifa cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to burst, explode with a loud noise"
],
"links": [
[
"burst",
"burst"
],
[
"explode",
"explode"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bambara terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to plot an area of a field to be hoed",
"text": "bála cì",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to vaccinate in the arm",
"text": "tùgu cì",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to trace, tattoo"
],
"links": [
[
"trace",
"trace"
],
[
"tattoo",
"tattoo"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bambara entries with incorrect language header",
"Bambara lemmas",
"Bambara nouns",
"Bambara verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cì",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bm",
"2": "noun",
"head": "cì"
},
"expansion": "cì",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bambara",
"lang_code": "bm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"line, stroke"
],
"links": [
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"stroke",
"stroke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tattoo"
],
"links": [
[
"tattoo",
"tattoo"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Corsican adverbs",
"Corsican entries with incorrect language header",
"Corsican lemmas",
"Corsican personal pronouns",
"Corsican pronouns",
"Corsican terms derived from Latin"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "la",
"3": "hīc",
"t": "here"
},
"expansion": "Latin hīc (“here”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hinc",
"t": "from here"
},
"expansion": "hinc (“from here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Italian ci",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cci"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian cci",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from either Latin hīc (“here”) or hinc (“from here”). Akin to Italian ci; see there for more. Compare Sicilian cci.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"there"
],
"links": [
[
"there",
"there"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Corsican adverbs",
"Corsican entries with incorrect language header",
"Corsican lemmas",
"Corsican personal pronouns",
"Corsican pronouns",
"Corsican terms derived from Latin"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "la",
"3": "hīc",
"t": "here"
},
"expansion": "Latin hīc (“here”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hinc",
"t": "from here"
},
"expansion": "hinc (“from here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Italian ci",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cci"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian cci",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from either Latin hīc (“here”) or hinc (“from here”). Akin to Italian ci; see there for more. Compare Sicilian cci.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Corsican",
"lang_code": "co",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "eiu"
},
{
"word": "mi"
},
{
"word": "mè"
},
{
"word": "tù"
},
{
"word": "ti"
},
{
"word": "tè"
},
{
"word": "ellu"
},
{
"word": "li"
},
{
"word": "u"
},
{
"word": "l'"
},
{
"word": "ella"
},
{
"word": "a"
},
{
"word": "noi"
},
{
"word": "voi"
},
{
"word": "vi"
},
{
"word": "elli"
},
{
"word": "i"
},
{
"word": "elle"
},
{
"word": "e"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"us (both direct and indirect object)"
],
"links": [
[
"us",
"us"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "la",
"3": "quem"
},
"expansion": "Latin quem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "quem"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese quem",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "cine"
},
"expansion": "Romanian cine",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "quien"
},
"expansion": "Spanish quien",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "che"
},
"expansion": "Romansch che",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "chíne"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian chíne",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin quem. Compare Portuguese quem, Romanian cine, Spanish quien, Romansch che, Sardinian chíne.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dalmatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Dalmatian lemmas",
"Dalmatian pronouns",
"Dalmatian terms derived from Latin",
"Dalmatian terms inherited from Latin",
"Dalmatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dhi",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dhimal",
"lang_code": "dhi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dhimal entries with incorrect language header",
"Dhimal lemmas",
"Dhimal nouns",
"Dhimal terms in nonstandard scripts"
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Mandarin",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "詞"
},
"expansion": "詞／词 (cí)",
"name": "zh-m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Mandarin 詞／词 (cí).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"English terms derived from Mandarin",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the Classical Chinese poetry forms"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
"ci (poetry)"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "it",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Italian",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "fr",
"3": "tu"
},
"expansion": "French tu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "ru",
"3": "ты"
},
"expansion": "Russian ты (ty)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Italian or French tu, Russian ты (ty), etc., plus the i of personal pronouns.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cin",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "cia",
"tags": [
"possessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "accusative",
"4": "cin",
"5": "possessive",
"6": "cia"
},
"expansion": "ci (accusative cin, possessive cia)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"Esperanto pronouns",
"Esperanto terms derived from French",
"Esperanto terms derived from Italian",
"Esperanto terms derived from Russian",
"Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Esperanto terms with audio links",
"Esperanto terms with quotations",
"Esperanto terms with rare senses",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I read. — Thou writest (instead of “ci” one ordinarily uses “vi”.)",
"ref": "1905, Ludoviko Lazaro Zamenhof, Fundamento de Esperanto",
"text": "Mi legas. — Ci skribas (anstataŭ “ci” oni uzas ordinare “vi”).",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Her acquaintance fell in love / and reciprocally she; / after the passage of a month / \"You\" changed into \"thee\".",
"ref": "1899, Felikso Zamenhof, (Please provide the book title or journal name)",
"text": "Ekamis la konato / Kaj reciproke ŝi; / Post paso de monato / Ŝanĝiĝis »Vi« per »ci«.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Thine attitude shall be truly proud, he mockingly whispered into her ear, when thou shalt have awakened the whole population.",
"ref": "1907, Henri Vallienne, Kastelo de Prelongo, ch. 6",
"text": "Cia sintenado estos vere fiera, li moke murmuretis en ŝian orelon, kiam ci estos vekinta la tutan loĝantaron.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thou, you (second-person informal singular pronoun)"
],
"links": [
[
"thou",
"thou"
],
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) thou, you (second-person informal singular pronoun)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡si]"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adverbs",
"French contractions",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms inherited from Late Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"French terms with homophones"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ceci"
},
{
"word": "ci-après"
},
{
"word": "ci-avant"
},
{
"word": "ci-contre"
},
{
"word": "ci-dessous"
},
{
"word": "ci-dessus"
},
{
"word": "ci-devant"
},
{
"word": "ci-gît"
},
{
"word": "ci-joint"
},
{
"word": "comme ci comme ça"
},
{
"word": "ici"
},
{
"word": "par-ci, par-là"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "ecce hīc",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Late Latin ecce hīc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "ecce hīc"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Late Latin ecce hīc",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Late Latin ecce hīc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "fr-adv"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "here",
"word": "ici"
}
],
"categories": [
"French terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ici (“here”)"
],
"links": [
[
"ici",
"ici#French"
]
],
"qualifier": "else archaic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds, else archaic) Alternative form of ici (“here”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"in-compounds"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"see -ci"
],
"links": [
[
"-ci",
"-ci#French"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(after a noun) see -ci"
],
"raw_tags": [
"after a noun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/si/"
},
{
"homophone": "si"
},
{
"homophone": "scie"
},
{
"homophone": "scies"
},
{
"homophone": "scient"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-ci.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/Fr-ci.ogg/Fr-ci.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Fr-ci.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "cdc-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Chadic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "afa-pro",
"3": "*taʔ-",
"t": "to eat, especially something soft, to close lips, especially loosely"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *taʔ- (“to eat, especially something soft, to close lips, especially loosely”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "𒋫𒀪𒌑",
"t": "to eat",
"tr": "ta-ʔu-u₂",
"ts": "ta'u"
},
"expansion": "Akkadian 𒋫𒀪𒌑 (ta-ʔu-u₂ /ta'u/, “to eat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gdq",
"2": "tewō",
"t": "eat"
},
"expansion": "Mehri tewō (“eat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "تَأْتَأَ",
"t": "to stammer, to stutter, to reduplicate sounds, to mumble or move lips",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "Arabic تَأْتَأَ (taʔtaʔa, “to stammer, to stutter, to reduplicate sounds, to mumble or move lips”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "thv",
"2": "ⵜⵜ",
"tr": "tǝtt"
},
"expansion": "Tamahaq ⵜⵜ (tǝtt)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rif",
"2": "ⵜⵜ",
"tr": "tǝtt"
},
"expansion": "Tarifit ⵜⵜ (tǝtt)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tzm",
"2": "ⵜⵛ"
},
"expansion": "Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⵛ (tc)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kab",
"2": "teṭṭ"
},
"expansion": "Kabyle teṭṭ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "تَعْتَعَ",
"3": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "تَعْتَعَ (taʕtaʕa)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "طَعِمَ",
"t": "to taste",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "طَعِمَ (ṭaʕima, “to taste”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "عَضَّ",
"t": "to bite"
},
"expansion": "عَضَّ (ʕaḍḍa, “to bite”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Chadic, ultimately from Proto-Afroasiatic *taʔ- (“to eat, especially something soft, to close lips, especially loosely”). Compare Akkadian 𒋫𒀪𒌑 (ta-ʔu-u₂ /ta'u/, “to eat”), Mehri tewō (“eat”), Arabic تَأْتَأَ (taʔtaʔa, “to stammer, to stutter, to reduplicate sounds, to mumble or move lips”), and with varying Berber forms Tamahaq ⵜⵜ (tǝtt), Tarifit ⵜⵜ (tǝtt), Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⵛ (tc), and Kabyle teṭṭ (pharyngeal-coloring found as well in the Arabic variant تَعْتَعَ (taʕtaʕa), and in that sense possible further connections to طَعِمَ (ṭaʕima, “to taste”) and عَضَّ (ʕaḍḍa, “to bite”)).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "verb",
"3": "grade Ø",
"head": "ci",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (grade Ø)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "0",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci (grade Ø)",
"name": "ha-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"Hausa lemmas",
"Hausa terms derived from Proto-Afroasiatic",
"Hausa terms derived from Proto-Chadic",
"Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hausa terms with redundant head parameter",
"Hausa verbs",
"Tarifit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"to eat, to eat soft things"
],
"links": [
[
"eat",
"eat"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃí/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃɪ́]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ido determiner forms",
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"Ido non-lemma forms",
"Ido pronoun forms",
"Ido terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "determiner form"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "these",
"word": "ici"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ici (“these”)"
],
"links": [
[
"ici",
"ici#Ido"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tsi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ido determiner forms",
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"Ido non-lemma forms",
"Ido pronoun forms",
"Ido terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "these",
"word": "ici"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ici (“these”)"
],
"links": [
[
"ici",
"ici#Ido"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tsi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Xiamen Hokkien",
"Indonesian terms derived from Xiamen Hokkien",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Indonesian uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nan-xia",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Xiamen Hokkien",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "錢",
"gloss": "mace",
"tr": "chîⁿ"
},
"expansion": "錢／钱 (chîⁿ, “mace”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Xiamen Hokkien 錢／钱 (chîⁿ, “mace”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "cimu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cinya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci (first-person possessive ciku, second-person possessive cimu, third-person possessive cinya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"weight unit: 1/10 tahil (for opium)."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) weight unit: 1/10 tahil (for opium)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃi]"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Sundanese",
"Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Indonesian terms derived from Sundanese",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Indonesian uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "su",
"3": "ᮎᮤ",
"tr": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Sundanese ᮎᮤ (ci)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*wahiʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sundanese ᮎᮤ (ci), ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wahiʀ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "cimu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cinya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci (first-person possessive ciku, second-person possessive cimu, third-person possessive cinya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"river (large stream which drains a landmass)"
],
"links": [
[
"river",
"river"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃi]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alir"
},
{
"word": "alur"
},
{
"word": "batang"
},
{
"word": "bengawan"
},
{
"word": "kali"
},
{
"word": "sungai"
},
{
"word": "wai"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Indonesian uncountable nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "cimu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cinya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "",
"pl": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci (first-person possessive ciku, second-person possessive cimu, third-person possessive cinya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "encik"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of encik."
],
"links": [
[
"encik",
"encik#Indonesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "elder sister",
"word": "taci"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of taci (“elder sister”)."
],
"links": [
[
"taci",
"taci#Indonesian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈt͡ʃi]"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Interlingua",
"lang_code": "ia",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Interlingua adverbs",
"Interlingua entries with incorrect language header",
"Interlingua lemmas",
"Interlingua terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"here (at this place)"
],
"links": [
[
"here",
"here"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tsi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian feminine nouns",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:Italian/i",
"Rhymes:Italian/i/1 syllable",
"it:Languages"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "C"
},
"expansion": "C",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
"3": "cē",
"pos": "the name of the letter <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"la\">C</i>"
},
"expansion": "Latin cē (the name of the letter C)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin cē (the name of the letter C).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "ci f (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cì"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "lettera"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "bi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "di"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "effe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "gi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "acca"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "gei"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "i lunga"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "cappa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "elle"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "emme"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "enne"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "o"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "pi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "cu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "erre"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "esse"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ti"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "u"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "vu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "vi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "doppia vu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ics"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ipsilon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "i greca"
},
{
"tags": [
"Latin",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "zeta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"it:Latin letter names"
],
"glosses": [
"The name of the Latin-script letter C.; cee"
],
"links": [
[
"C",
"C#Italian"
],
[
"cee",
"cee"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"invariable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃi/",
"note": "most common outside of Tuscany"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian adverbs",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian pronouns",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Italian uncountable nouns",
"Requests for attention concerning Italian",
"it:Languages"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "ecce hīc"
},
"expansion": "ecce hīc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hic"
},
"expansion": "hic",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ecce"
},
"expansion": "ecce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "eccum"
},
"expansion": "eccum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ciò"
},
"expansion": "ciò",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "qua"
},
"expansion": "qua",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "qui"
},
"expansion": "qui",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hince"
},
"expansion": "hince",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hinc",
"3": "",
"4": "hence, from here"
},
"expansion": "hinc (“hence, from here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "'nci"
},
"expansion": "'nci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "nce",
"3": "'nce"
},
"expansion": "'nce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hīce"
},
"expansion": "hīce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hīc",
"3": "",
"4": "here"
},
"expansion": "hīc (“here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "ce"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan ce",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cci"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian cci",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "zi"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese zi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Rohlfs and Von Wartburg favoured/favored Late Latin ecce hīc. Maiden casts doubt on this etymology, pointing out that Italian ci is an unstressed 'weak' form, while Latin hic otherwise survives in Italian only in stressed forms (reinforced by Latin ecce or eccum) such as ciò, qua, and qui. (It should also be noted that all of the latter trigger syntactic doubling in a following word, thanks to their original final /k/, while ci does not.) Maiden proposes instead an origin in Latin hince, variant of hinc (“hence, from here”), pointing out that in parts of southern Italy there exists a 1PL pronoun 'nci (cf. also 'nce). Treccani, on the other hand, proposes an origin in Latin hīce, a variant of hīc (“here”). In any case, the Italian term is certainly cognate with Neapolitan ce, Sicilian cci and Sassarese zi, all three of which share similar adverbial senses, with the latter two also having pronominal senses.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "io"
},
{
"word": "mi"
},
{
"word": "m'"
},
{
"word": "-mi"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "tu"
},
{
"word": "ti"
},
{
"word": "t'"
},
{
"word": "-ti"
},
{
"word": "te"
},
{
"word": "lui"
},
{
"word": "si2"
},
{
"word": "s'"
},
{
"word": "-si"
},
{
"word": "lo"
},
{
"word": "l'"
},
{
"word": "-lo"
},
{
"word": "gli"
},
{
"word": "-gli"
},
{
"word": "glie"
},
{
"word": "se2"
},
{
"word": "sé"
},
{
"word": "c'"
},
{
"word": "vi"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "v'"
},
{
"word": "ne"
},
{
"word": "n'"
},
{
"word": "lei"
},
{
"word": "Lei1"
},
{
"word": "la"
},
{
"word": "La1"
},
{
"word": "L'1"
},
{
"word": "-la"
},
{
"word": "-La1"
},
{
"word": "le3"
},
{
"word": "Le1"
},
{
"word": "-le3"
},
{
"word": "-Le1"
},
{
"word": "noi"
},
{
"word": "-ci"
},
{
"word": "ce"
},
{
"word": "voi"
},
{
"word": "Voi4"
},
{
"word": "Vi4"
},
{
"word": "v'"
},
{
"word": "V'4"
},
{
"word": "-vi"
},
{
"word": "-Vi4"
},
{
"word": "ve"
},
{
"word": "loro"
},
{
"word": "Loro1"
},
{
"word": "si"
},
{
"word": "li"
},
{
"word": "Li1"
},
{
"word": "-li"
},
{
"word": "-Li1"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "loro"
},
{
"word": "se"
},
{
"word": "le"
},
{
"word": "-le"
},
{
"word": "1"
},
{
"english": "with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects",
"word": "Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects. Unlike the singular forms"
},
{
"word": "the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language"
},
{
"word": "and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead"
},
{
"word": "2"
},
{
"english": "one",
"word": "Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning"
},
{
"word": "and to form the passive"
},
{
"word": "3"
},
{
"word": "Often replaced by gli"
},
{
"word": "-gli in informal language"
},
{
"word": "4"
},
{
"english": "capitalisation optional",
"word": "Formal"
},
{
"word": "in many regions"
},
{
"english": "compare with French vous",
"word": "can refer to just one person"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They know us",
"text": "Loro ci conoscono",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"us"
],
"links": [
[
"us",
"us"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian reflexive pronouns",
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We (ourselves) get angry",
"text": "Ci arrabbiamo",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We love each other",
"text": "Ci amiamo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ourselves; each other"
],
"links": [
[
"ourselves",
"ourselves"
],
[
"each other",
"each other"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) ourselves; each other"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He said this to us",
"text": "Lui ci ha detto questo",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to us"
],
"links": [
[
"us",
"us"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "One washes oneself.",
"text": "Ci si lava.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "One gets bored when there is nothing to do.",
"text": "Ci si annoia quando non c'è niente da fare.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"replaces the indefinite personal pronoun si (“one”) before reflexive si (“oneself”); one"
],
"links": [
[
"si",
"si#Italian"
],
[
"one",
"one"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I do not believe it.",
"text": "Non ci credo.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"it, to it"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"enclitic"
],
"word": "-ci"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch"
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian adverbs",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian pronouns",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian terms with unknown etymologies",
"Italian uncountable nouns",
"Requests for attention concerning Italian",
"it:Languages"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "ecce hīc"
},
"expansion": "ecce hīc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hic"
},
"expansion": "hic",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ecce"
},
"expansion": "ecce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "eccum"
},
"expansion": "eccum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ciò"
},
"expansion": "ciò",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "qua"
},
"expansion": "qua",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "qui"
},
"expansion": "qui",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hince"
},
"expansion": "hince",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hinc",
"3": "",
"4": "hence, from here"
},
"expansion": "hinc (“hence, from here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "'nci"
},
"expansion": "'nci",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "nce",
"3": "'nce"
},
"expansion": "'nce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hīce"
},
"expansion": "hīce",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hīc",
"3": "",
"4": "here"
},
"expansion": "hīc (“here”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "ce"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan ce",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cci"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian cci",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sdc",
"2": "zi"
},
"expansion": "Sassarese zi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Rohlfs and Von Wartburg favoured/favored Late Latin ecce hīc. Maiden casts doubt on this etymology, pointing out that Italian ci is an unstressed 'weak' form, while Latin hic otherwise survives in Italian only in stressed forms (reinforced by Latin ecce or eccum) such as ciò, qua, and qui. (It should also be noted that all of the latter trigger syntactic doubling in a following word, thanks to their original final /k/, while ci does not.) Maiden proposes instead an origin in Latin hince, variant of hinc (“hence, from here”), pointing out that in parts of southern Italy there exists a 1PL pronoun 'nci (cf. also 'nce). Treccani, on the other hand, proposes an origin in Latin hīce, a variant of hīc (“here”). In any case, the Italian term is certainly cognate with Neapolitan ce, Sicilian cci and Sassarese zi, all three of which share similar adverbial senses, with the latter two also having pronominal senses.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "it-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"word": "ivi"
},
{
"word": "là"
},
{
"word": "qua"
},
{
"word": "qui"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I have been there",
"text": "Ci sono andato",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "We're here",
"text": "Ci siamo",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There are many things",
"text": "Ci sono molte cose",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There is a problem",
"text": "C'è un problema",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to there, here, there"
],
"links": [
[
"there",
"there"
],
[
"here",
"here"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "formal",
"word": "vi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to require/take",
"text": "volerci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to get used to it",
"text": "abituarci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to be able to do it",
"text": "riuscirci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to do with something",
"text": "entrarci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to count on it",
"text": "contarci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to think about it",
"text": "pensarci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to agree / to be up for something",
"text": "starci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to manage to do something",
"text": "farcela",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to believe it",
"text": "crederci",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms part of many verbs:",
"forms part of many verbs"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"forms part of many verbs:"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"enclitic"
],
"word": "-ci"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch"
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian uncountable nouns",
"it:Languages"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "ci m (uncountable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"the Twi language family"
],
"links": [
[
"Twi",
"Twi"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"family",
"family"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tchi"
},
{
"word": "twi"
},
{
"word": "kyi"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kxs",
"2": "xgn-pro",
"3": "*ci"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "чи"
},
"expansion": "Mongolian чи (či)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sce",
"2": "chi"
},
"expansion": "Dongxiang chi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mongolic *ci, compare Mongolian чи (či), Dongxiang chi.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kxs",
"2": "pronouns"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangjia",
"lang_code": "kxs",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kangjia entries with incorrect language header",
"Kangjia lemmas",
"Kangjia pronouns",
"Kangjia terms derived from Proto-Mongolic",
"Kangjia terms inherited from Proto-Mongolic"
],
"glosses": [
"you"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kr",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kanuri",
"lang_code": "kr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kanuri entries with incorrect language header",
"Kanuri entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Kanuri lemmas",
"Kanuri nouns",
"kr:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"mouth"
],
"links": [
[
"mouth",
"mouth"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cī",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "cī"
},
"expansion": "cī",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ciō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of ciō"
],
"links": [
[
"ciō",
"cio#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "su",
"3": "ᮎᮤ",
"tr": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Sundanese ᮎᮤ (ci)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Sundanese ᮎᮤ (ci).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "چي",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "ci-ci",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"informal",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "cimu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cinya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "چي"
},
"expansion": "ci (Jawi spelling چي, plural ci-ci, informal 1st possessive ciku, 2nd possessive cimu, 3rd possessive cinya)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay 1-syllable words",
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay nouns",
"Malay terms derived from Sundanese",
"Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Malay terms with redundant script codes",
"Malay undefined derivations",
"Rhymes:Malay/i",
"Rhymes:Malay/t͡ʃi",
"Sundanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"ms:Liquids"
],
"glosses": [
"river (large stream which drains a landmass)"
],
"links": [
[
"river",
"river"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-t͡ʃi"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "alir"
},
{
"word": "alur"
},
{
"word": "batang"
},
{
"word": "bengawan"
},
{
"word": "kali"
},
{
"word": "sungai"
},
{
"word": "wai"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hanyu Pinyin",
"Mandarin entries with incorrect language header",
"Mandarin non-lemma forms",
"Mandarin terms with redundant script codes"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"notr": "1"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "cmn-pinyin"
}
],
"lang": "Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cī"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of cī."
],
"links": [
[
"cī",
"cī#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cí"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of cí."
],
"links": [
[
"cí",
"cí#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cǐ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of cǐ."
],
"links": [
[
"cǐ",
"cǐ#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cì"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mandarin nonstandard forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Nonstandard spelling of cì."
],
"links": [
[
"cì",
"cì#Mandarin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nhu",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Noone",
"lang_code": "nhu",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Noone entries with incorrect language header",
"Noone lemmas",
"Noone verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"strike"
],
"links": [
[
"strike",
"strike"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kfune"
},
{
"word": "nyɛw"
},
{
"word": "suŋ"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nup",
"2": "conjunction",
"head": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "conjunction",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "nup-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Nupe",
"lang_code": "nup",
"pos": "conj",
"related": [
{
"word": "ma"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Nupe conjunctions",
"Nupe entries with incorrect language header",
"Nupe lemmas",
"Nupe terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Nupe terms with redundant head parameter",
"Nupe terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Musa will cut meat today, and Gana will eat yam today",
"text": "Musa à bá nakàn yínna, Gàná ci à gí eci yínna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to order actions temporally: then; and"
],
"links": [
[
"then",
"then#English"
],
[
"and",
"and#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃī/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ici",
"3": "ci"
},
"expansion": "French: ici, ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: ici, ci"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "ecce hīc"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin ecce hīc",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Latin ecce hīc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "adverbs",
"3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "fro-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French adverbs",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French terms derived from Late Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Late Latin",
"Old French terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Go, leave this place! Let me have peace.",
"ref": "c. 1250, Marie de France, Guigemar",
"text": "Va t'en de ci ! Lai me aveir pes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"here (in this place)"
],
"links": [
[
"here",
"here"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish conjunctions",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish pronouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cía"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cía"
],
"links": [
[
"cía",
"cía#Old Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish conjunctions",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish pronouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cía"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cía"
],
"links": [
[
"cía",
"cía#Old Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish pronoun forms",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/i",
"Rhymes:Polish/i/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ti",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ti.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish short adjective forms"
],
"glosses": [
"short dative singular of ty."
],
"links": [
[
"ty",
"ty#Polish"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish pronoun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/i",
"Rhymes:Polish/i/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pronoun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "ci m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"virile nominative plural of ten"
],
"links": [
[
"ten",
"ten#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"virile"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xng"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Mongol:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xng",
"2": "ᠴᠢ"
},
"expansion": "ᠴᠢ (či)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Mongolian: ᠴᠢ (či)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xng",
"2": "ꡅꡞ"
},
"expansion": "ꡅꡞ",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Phags-Pa: ꡅꡞ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xng",
"2": "جي",
"tr": "či"
},
"expansion": "جي (či)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Muqaddimat"
},
"expansion": "(Muqaddimat)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Arabic: جي (či) (Muqaddimat)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mongolian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "ᠴᠢ"
},
"expansion": "ᠴᠢ (či)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Classical: ᠴᠢ (či)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn-kha",
"2": "чи"
},
"expansion": "Khalkha Mongolian: чи (či)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalkha Mongolian: чи (či)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ordos: /t͡ʃʰi/"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bua",
"2": "ши"
},
"expansion": "Buryat: ши (ši)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Buryat: ши (ši)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ykh",
"2": "či"
},
"expansion": "Khamnigan Mongol: či",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khamnigan Mongol: či"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xal",
"2": "чи"
},
"expansion": "Kalmyk: чи (çi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalmyk: чи (çi)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dta",
"2": "shii"
},
"expansion": "Daur: shii",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Daur: shii"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yuy",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "East Yugur: ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "East Yugur: ci"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Monguor:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-mgr",
"2": "qi"
},
"expansion": "Mangghuer: qi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mangghuer: qi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-mgl",
"2": "qi"
},
"expansion": "Mongghul: qi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mongghul: qi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peh",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Bonan: ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bonan: ci"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kxs",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Kangjia: ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kangjia: ci"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sce",
"2": "chi"
},
"expansion": "Dongxiang: chi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dongxiang: chi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhj",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Mogholi: ci",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mogholi: ci"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*sen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *sen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*si"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *si",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "sen"
},
"expansion": "Turkish sen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "evn",
"2": "си"
},
"expansion": "Evenki си (si)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Somewhat similar to Proto-Turkic *sen and Proto-Tungusic *si. Compare Turkish sen, Evenki си (si).\nWhether this similarity is due to inheritance (now considered highly unlikely), borrowing or coincidence is a highly contentious question among specialists in these languages which is of crucial significance for the Altaic debate.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mongolic",
"lang_code": "xgn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/ci",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Mongolic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Mongolic lemmas",
"Proto-Mongolic pronouns"
],
"glosses": [
"you (personal pronoun)"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "ce"
},
"expansion": "ce",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ce.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "conj",
"related": [
{
"word": "dimpotrivă"
},
{
"word": "dar"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian conjunctions",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Romanian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Not I, but he.",
"text": "Nici eu, ci el.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"but; so that; on the contrary, opposite"
],
"links": [
[
"but",
"but"
],
[
"on the contrary",
"on the contrary"
],
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(adversative) but; so that; on the contrary, opposite"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sicilian adverbs",
"Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sicilian lemmas",
"Sicilian pronouns",
"Sicilian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Italian ci",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to Italian ci; see there for more.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"here, there"
],
"links": [
[
"here",
"here"
],
[
"there",
"there"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtʃi]"
},
{
"ipa": "[tʃɪ]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cci"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sicilian lemmas",
"Sicilian pronouns",
"Sicilian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "iddu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“he”); to him",
"word": "iddu"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of iddu (“he”); to him"
],
"links": [
[
"iddu",
"iddu#Sicilian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“she”); to her",
"word": "idda"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of idda (“she”); to her"
],
"links": [
[
"idda",
"idda#Sicilian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“they”); to them",
"word": "iddi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative of iddi (“they”); to them"
],
"links": [
[
"iddi",
"iddi#Sicilian"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈtʃi]"
},
{
"ipa": "[tʃɪ]",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cci"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-tar",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "relative"
},
"expansion": "ci (relative)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tarantino",
"lang_code": "roa-tar",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tarantino entries with incorrect language header",
"Tarantino lemmas",
"Tarantino pronouns"
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"tags": [
"relative"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctd",
"2": "tbq-kuk-pro",
"3": "*tsii"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kuki-Chin *tsii",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ctd",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*m-tsji"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tsji",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tsii, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-tsji.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctd",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tedim Chin",
"lang_code": "ctd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tedim Chin entries with incorrect language header",
"Tedim Chin lemmas",
"Tedim Chin nouns",
"Tedim Chin terms derived from Proto-Kuki-Chin",
"Tedim Chin terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Tedim Chin terms inherited from Proto-Kuki-Chin",
"Tedim Chin terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
],
"glosses": [
"salt"
],
"links": [
[
"salt",
"salt"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "la",
"3": "quis"
},
"expansion": "Latin quis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "chi"
},
"expansion": "Italian chi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin quis (compare Italian chi).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Venetian",
"lang_code": "vec",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Venetian entries with incorrect language header",
"Venetian lemmas",
"Venetian pronouns",
"Venetian terms derived from Latin",
"Venetian terms inherited from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"who?"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"tags": [
"interrogative"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Walloon determiners",
"Walloon entries with incorrect language header",
"Walloon lemmas",
"Walloon pronouns",
"Walloon terms derived from Latin",
"Walloon terms derived from Old French",
"Walloon terms inherited from Latin",
"Walloon terms inherited from Old French",
"Walloon terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cist"
},
"expansion": "Old French cist",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "la",
"3": "ecce"
},
"expansion": "Latin ecce",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "istum"
},
"expansion": "istum",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iste"
},
"expansion": "iste",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cist, from Latin ecce istum (< iste).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cisse",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "cist",
"tags": [
"before-vowel",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ciste",
"tags": [
"before-vowel",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ces",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"10": "ciste",
"11": "plural :",
"12": "ces",
"2": "determiner",
"3": "after an open syllabe :",
"4": "ç'",
"5": "feminine :",
"6": "cisse",
"7": "masculine form before vowel :",
"8": "cist",
"9": "feminine form before vowel :"
},
"expansion": "ci (after an open syllabe : ç', feminine : cisse, masculine form before vowel : cist, feminine form before vowel : ciste, plural : ces)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Walloon",
"lang_code": "wa",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Picard terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "This rock",
"text": "Ci rotch",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It's this rock",
"text": "C' est ç' rotch-ci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This man",
"text": "Cist ome",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This box",
"text": "Cisse gayole",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This affair",
"text": "Ciste afwaire",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "These houses",
"text": "Ces måjhons",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"this"
],
"links": [
[
"this",
"this"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/si/"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Walloon determiners",
"Walloon entries with incorrect language header",
"Walloon lemmas",
"Walloon pronouns",
"Walloon terms derived from Latin",
"Walloon terms derived from Old French",
"Walloon terms inherited from Latin",
"Walloon terms inherited from Old French",
"Walloon terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cist"
},
"expansion": "Old French cist",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"1": "wa",
"2": "la",
"3": "ecce"
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{
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"2": "istum"
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iste"
},
"expansion": "iste",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cist, from Latin ecce istum (< iste).",
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{
"form": "c'",
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
]
},
{
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}
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],
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"lang_code": "wa",
"pos": "pron",
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{
"categories": [
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{
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"it"
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"this"
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{
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{
"english": "corgi",
"word": "corgi"
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{
"english": "canine",
"word": "cynaidd"
},
{
"english": "sycophant, sponger",
"word": "cynffongi"
},
{
"english": "canine",
"word": "cynol"
},
{
"english": "otter",
"word": "dwrgi"
},
{
"english": "a Welsh staghound",
"word": "gellgi"
},
{
"english": "weasel",
"word": "gwenci"
},
{
"english": "staghound",
"word": "hyddgi"
},
{
"english": "dog roses",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "ciros"
},
{
"english": "dog roses, sweetbriers",
"word": "rhos y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "dogrose",
"word": "rhosyn y cŵn"
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{
"english": "hell-hound",
"word": "ufferngi"
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],
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{
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"3": "*ḱwṓ"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *ki, from Proto-Celtic *kū, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.",
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"form": "cŵn",
"tags": [
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},
{
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"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
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{
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"tags": [
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},
{
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"mutation-radical"
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},
{
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},
{
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"mutation-nasal"
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{
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],
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"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation",
"cy:Dogs"
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"glosses": [
"dog"
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"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
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],
"tags": [
"masculine"
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}
],
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{
"ipa": "/kiː/"
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{
"rhymes": "-iː"
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],
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}
{
"categories": [
"White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"White Hmong lemmas",
"White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation",
"White Hmong verbs"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ci",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "White Hmong",
"lang_code": "mww",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to cook, to roast, to toast"
],
"links": [
[
"cook",
"cook"
],
[
"roast",
"roast"
],
[
"toast",
"toast"
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to glow, to shine"
],
"links": [
[
"glow",
"glow"
],
[
"shine",
"shine"
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]
}
],
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"ipa": "/ci˧/"
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],
"word": "ci"
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{
"categories": [
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"Zhuang classifiers",
"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"Zhuang lemmas",
"Zhuang nouns",
"Zhuang terms borrowed from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms derived from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form",
"Zhuang verbs"
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"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
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"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
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"1": "車",
"id": "2"
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"expansion": "車 (MC tsyhae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae).",
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{
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"51": "",
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"54": "",
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"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
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"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
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"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
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"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
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"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
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],
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"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vehicle"
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"links": [
[
"vehicle",
"vehicle"
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
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}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Zhuang classifiers",
"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
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"Zhuang nouns",
"Zhuang terms borrowed from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms derived from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form",
"Zhuang verbs"
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"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
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"1": "車",
"id": "2"
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"expansion": "車 (MC tsyhae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae).",
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{
"args": {
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"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
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"17": "",
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"19": "",
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"22": "",
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"58": "",
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"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
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"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
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"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
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"f29sc": "Hani",
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"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
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},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
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],
"hyphenation": [
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"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "classifier",
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{
"glosses": [
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[
"carload",
"carload"
],
[
"cartload",
"cartload"
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[
"truckload",
"truckload"
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Zhuang classifiers",
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"Zhuang terms derived from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form",
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"3": "-"
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"expansion": "Chinese",
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{
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"1": "車",
"id": "2"
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"expansion": "車 (MC tsyhae)",
"name": "ltc-l"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 車 (MC tsyhae).",
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{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
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"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
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"8": "",
"9": "",
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"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
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"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
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"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
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},
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
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[
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"sew"
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[
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"sewing machine"
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]
},
{
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"to machine on a lathe"
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[
"machine",
"machine"
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[
"lathe",
"lathe"
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]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
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}
],
"word": "ci"
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{
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"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation",
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],
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"form": "𫩝",
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}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"11": "",
"12": "",
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{
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{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
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{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
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],
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},
{
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"to blow"
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[
"blow",
"blow"
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],
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"(transitive) to blow"
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{
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],
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"transitive"
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},
{
"categories": [
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"to play (a wind instrument)"
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[
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"play"
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[
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"wind instrument"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to play (a wind instrument)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Zhuang transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to pump (a bellows)"
],
"links": [
[
"pump",
"pump"
],
[
"bellows",
"bellows"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to pump (a bellows)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "daz"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "boz"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Zhuang 1-syllable words",
"Zhuang classifiers",
"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"Zhuang lemmas",
"Zhuang terms borrowed from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms derived from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form",
"Zhuang verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "催"
},
"expansion": "催 (MC tshwoj)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 催 (MC tshwoj).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "verb",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to urge"
],
"links": [
[
"urge",
"urge"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "cui"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "dok"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Zhuang 1-syllable words",
"Zhuang classifiers",
"Zhuang entries with incorrect language header",
"Zhuang lemmas",
"Zhuang terms borrowed from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms derived from Chinese",
"Zhuang terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Zhuang terms without Sawndip form"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "zh",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "支"
},
"expansion": "支 (MC tsye)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Chinese 支 (MC tsye).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "classifier",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"29": "",
"3": "",
"30": "",
"31": "",
"32": "",
"33": "",
"34": "",
"35": "",
"36": "",
"37": "",
"38": "",
"39": "",
"4": "",
"40": "",
"41": "",
"42": "",
"43": "",
"44": "",
"45": "",
"46": "",
"47": "",
"48": "",
"49": "",
"5": "",
"50": "",
"51": "",
"52": "",
"53": "",
"54": "",
"55": "",
"56": "",
"57": "",
"58": "",
"59": "",
"6": "",
"60": "",
"61": "",
"62": "",
"63": "1957–1982 spelling",
"64": "ci",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "terms without Sawndip form",
"cat3": "",
"f10sc": "Hani",
"f11sc": "Hani",
"f12sc": "Hani",
"f13sc": "Hani",
"f14sc": "Hani",
"f15sc": "Hani",
"f16sc": "Hani",
"f17sc": "Hani",
"f18sc": "Hani",
"f19sc": "Hani",
"f20sc": "Hani",
"f21sc": "Hani",
"f22sc": "Hani",
"f23sc": "Hani",
"f24sc": "Hani",
"f25sc": "Hani",
"f26sc": "Hani",
"f27sc": "Hani",
"f28sc": "Hani",
"f29sc": "Hani",
"f2sc": "Hani",
"f30sc": "Hani",
"f3sc": "Hani",
"f4sc": "Hani",
"f5sc": "Hani",
"f6sc": "Hani",
"f7sc": "Hani",
"f8sc": "Hani",
"f9sc": "Hani",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "classifier"
},
"expansion": "ci (1957–1982 spelling ci)",
"name": "za-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ci"
],
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"pos": "classifier",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used for stick-like objects."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɕi˨˦/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Zhuang"
]
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: grade Ø",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Hausa",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: adversative",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: adversative",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Sicilian",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 27"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ci/Sicilian 'pl' base_tags={'feminine', 'third-person', 'masculine'}",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Sicilian",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: after an open syllabe : ç'",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Walloon",
"subsection": "determiner",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: gi, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: nghi, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2512",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT Welsh is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS; cleaned text: chi, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: 1957–1982 spelling ci",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: 1957–1982 spelling ci",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "classifier",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: 1957–1982 spelling ci",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: 1957–1982 spelling ci",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: 1957–1982 spelling ci",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: 1957–1982 spelling ci",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Zhuang",
"subsection": "classifier",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.