See ci in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*ki"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *ki",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh ci, from Proto-Brythonic *ki, from Proto-Celtic *kū, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cŵn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ci",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cŵn"
},
"expansion": "ci m (plural cŵn)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 36 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "cy:Dogs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 5 3 0 0 4 0 0 1 3 1 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 3 4 4 2 3 0 0 0 0 4 3 3 0 0 0 0 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 36 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 4 4 3 0 0 4 0 0 1 5 1 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 3 4 4 2 3 0 0 0 0 4 3 3 0 0 0 0 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 3 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "bitch (all senses)",
"translation": "bitch (all senses)",
"word": "gast"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "dog's mercury",
"translation": "dog's mercury",
"word": "bresych y cŵn"
},
{
"word": "cachgi"
},
{
"word": "llechgi"
},
{
"english": "coward",
"translation": "coward",
"word": "llwfrgi"
},
{
"english": "hotdog",
"translation": "hotdog",
"word": "ci poeth"
},
{
"english": "savage, fierce",
"translation": "savage, fierce",
"word": "ciaidd"
},
{
"english": "dog roses",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"translation": "dog roses",
"word": "ciros"
},
{
"word": "clapgi"
},
{
"english": "telltale",
"translation": "telltale",
"word": "clepgi"
},
{
"english": "to get up at the crack of dawn",
"translation": "to get up at the crack of dawn",
"word": "codi cyn cŵn Caer"
},
{
"english": "corgi",
"translation": "corgi",
"word": "corgi"
},
{
"english": "Gabriel Ratchets",
"translation": "Gabriel Ratchets",
"word": "Cŵn Annwn"
},
{
"english": "at the crack of dawn",
"translation": "at the crack of dawn",
"word": "cyn codi cŵn Caer"
},
{
"english": "canine",
"translation": "canine",
"word": "cynaidd"
},
{
"english": "sycophant, sponger",
"translation": "sycophant, sponger",
"word": "cynffongi"
},
{
"english": "canine",
"translation": "canine",
"word": "cynol"
},
{
"english": "terrier",
"translation": "terrier",
"word": "daeargi"
},
{
"english": "dandelion",
"translation": "dandelion",
"word": "dant y ci"
},
{
"english": "otter",
"translation": "otter",
"word": "dwrgi"
},
{
"english": "a Welsh staghound",
"translation": "a Welsh staghound",
"word": "gellgi"
},
{
"english": "weasel",
"translation": "weasel",
"word": "gwenci"
},
{
"english": "hellhound",
"translation": "hellhound",
"word": "gwyllgi"
},
{
"english": "hound",
"translation": "hound",
"word": "helgi"
},
{
"english": "staghound",
"translation": "staghound",
"word": "hyddgi"
},
{
"english": "common lousewort",
"translation": "common lousewort",
"word": "melog y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "Little Bear",
"translation": "Little Bear",
"word": "Rhonell y Ci"
},
{
"english": "dog roses, sweetbriers",
"translation": "dog roses, sweetbriers",
"word": "rhos y cŵn"
},
{
"word": "rhosyn y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "dogrose",
"translation": "dogrose",
"word": "briallu'r cŵn"
},
{
"word": "Seren y Ci"
},
{
"english": "the Dog Star",
"translation": "the Dog Star",
"word": "Seren y Cŵn"
},
{
"english": "common sorrel",
"translation": "common sorrel",
"word": "suran y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "hell-hound",
"translation": "hell-hound",
"word": "ufferngi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"id": "en-ci-cy-noun-zWNX792W",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iː"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 36 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "bitch (all senses)",
"translation": "bitch (all senses)",
"word": "gast"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "dog's mercury",
"translation": "dog's mercury",
"word": "bresych y cŵn"
},
{
"word": "cachgi"
},
{
"word": "llechgi"
},
{
"english": "coward",
"translation": "coward",
"word": "llwfrgi"
},
{
"english": "hotdog",
"translation": "hotdog",
"word": "ci poeth"
},
{
"english": "savage, fierce",
"translation": "savage, fierce",
"word": "ciaidd"
},
{
"english": "dog roses",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"translation": "dog roses",
"word": "ciros"
},
{
"word": "clapgi"
},
{
"english": "telltale",
"translation": "telltale",
"word": "clepgi"
},
{
"english": "to get up at the crack of dawn",
"translation": "to get up at the crack of dawn",
"word": "codi cyn cŵn Caer"
},
{
"english": "corgi",
"translation": "corgi",
"word": "corgi"
},
{
"english": "Gabriel Ratchets",
"translation": "Gabriel Ratchets",
"word": "Cŵn Annwn"
},
{
"english": "at the crack of dawn",
"translation": "at the crack of dawn",
"word": "cyn codi cŵn Caer"
},
{
"english": "canine",
"translation": "canine",
"word": "cynaidd"
},
{
"english": "sycophant, sponger",
"translation": "sycophant, sponger",
"word": "cynffongi"
},
{
"english": "canine",
"translation": "canine",
"word": "cynol"
},
{
"english": "terrier",
"translation": "terrier",
"word": "daeargi"
},
{
"english": "dandelion",
"translation": "dandelion",
"word": "dant y ci"
},
{
"english": "otter",
"translation": "otter",
"word": "dwrgi"
},
{
"english": "a Welsh staghound",
"translation": "a Welsh staghound",
"word": "gellgi"
},
{
"english": "weasel",
"translation": "weasel",
"word": "gwenci"
},
{
"english": "hellhound",
"translation": "hellhound",
"word": "gwyllgi"
},
{
"english": "hound",
"translation": "hound",
"word": "helgi"
},
{
"english": "staghound",
"translation": "staghound",
"word": "hyddgi"
},
{
"english": "common lousewort",
"translation": "common lousewort",
"word": "melog y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "Little Bear",
"translation": "Little Bear",
"word": "Rhonell y Ci"
},
{
"english": "dog roses, sweetbriers",
"translation": "dog roses, sweetbriers",
"word": "rhos y cŵn"
},
{
"word": "rhosyn y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "dogrose",
"translation": "dogrose",
"word": "briallu'r cŵn"
},
{
"word": "Seren y Ci"
},
{
"english": "the Dog Star",
"translation": "the Dog Star",
"word": "Seren y Cŵn"
},
{
"english": "common sorrel",
"translation": "common sorrel",
"word": "suran y cŵn"
},
{
"english": "hell-hound",
"translation": "hell-hound",
"word": "ufferngi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "ci"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh ci",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*ki"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *ki",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh ci, from Proto-Brythonic *ki, from Proto-Celtic *kū, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cŵn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ci",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chi",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cŵn"
},
"expansion": "ci m (plural cŵn)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 36 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/iː",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"cy:Dogs"
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kiː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iː"
}
],
"word": "ci"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ci meaning in Welsh (4.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ci/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ci/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: ci/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"ci"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ci",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.