See severe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for severe meaning in English (19.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "severe acute respiratory syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "severe clear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "severe combined immunodeficiency"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "severe gale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "severely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "severeness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "severity"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*seǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "severus",
"t": "severe, serious, grave in demeanor"
},
"expansion": "Latin severus (“severe, serious, grave in demeanor”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French, from Latin severus (“severe, serious, grave in demeanor”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "severer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more severe",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "severest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most severe",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "severe (comparative severer or more severe, superlative severest or most severe)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "mild"
},
{
"word": "en"
},
{
"word": "minor"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 January 2, Donald Worster, “A Drier and Hotter Future”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2012-01-26, page 70",
"text": "Phoenix and Lubbock are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Very bad or intense."
],
"id": "en-severe-en-adj-RyDe1BML",
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"intense",
"intense"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "canr",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ծանր"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "suróvy",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суро́вы"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cjažkí",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "цяжкі́"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "suróv",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суро́в"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žestok",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "жесток"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "嚴重"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yánzhòng",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "严重"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "hård"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "stærk"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "voldsom"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "kras"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "harðligur"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ankara"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "vakava"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "raju"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "tuima"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "kova"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "sévère"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "abrs",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "𐌰𐌱𐍂𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sfodrós",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σφοδρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khamur",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חָמוּר"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "komoly"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "súlyos"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "harkalegur"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "parah"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "anróiteach"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"alt": "ひどい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hidoi",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "酷い"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "nopietns"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ārkārtējs"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of pain or discomfort",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "pākaha"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of pain",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "tārū"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"english": "Of weather, terrain etc.",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "kakawa"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "sad"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "krass"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "brysk"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ublid"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "voldsom"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "krass"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "brysk"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ublid"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "sevèr"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "estricte"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"roman": "surovŭ",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суровъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "saxt",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "سخت"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šadid",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "شدید"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "setahm",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ستهم"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "poważny"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suróvyj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суро́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjažólyj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "тяжёлый"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "hård"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "skarp"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "kärv"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "brysk"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "våldsam"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "tshabs chen po",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ཚབས་ཆེན་པོ"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "suvóryj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суво́рий"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tjažkýj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "тяжки́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ljútyj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "лю́тий"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "lenient"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a severe taskmaster",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strict or harsh."
],
"id": "en-severe-en-adj-XjhcySA5",
"links": [
[
"Strict",
"strict"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "zorrotz"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "suróvy",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "суро́вы"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "stróhi",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "стро́гі"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strog",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "строг"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "嚴厲"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yánlì",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "严厉"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "streng"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "severa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "ankara"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "vaikea"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "sévère"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "streng"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afstirós",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αυστηρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "átegktos",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "άτεγκτος"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "varýs",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "βαρύς"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kashé",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קָשֶׁה"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kashúakh",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קָשׁוּחַ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "szigorú"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"alt": "きびしい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kibishii",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "厳しい"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "tētricus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "bargs"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "kakawa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "stith"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "estricte"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "sevèr"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "āfor"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "srogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "surowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suróvyj",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "суро́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "strógij",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "стро́гий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žóstkij",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "жёсткий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kaṭhora",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "कठोर"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dāruṇa",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "दारुण"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "bo",
"english": "drag po",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "དྲག་པོ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "suvóryj",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "суво́рий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "stróhyj",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "стро́гий"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 92 5",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "sevärik"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 27 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 29 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a severe old maiden aunt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "severe clothing",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sober, plain in appearance, austere."
],
"id": "en-severe-en-adj-gfxOCMsA",
"links": [
[
"Sober",
"sober"
],
[
"plain",
"plain"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"austere",
"austere"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prost",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "прост"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neukrasen",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "неукрасен"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "vakava"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "karu"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "sévère"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afstirós",
"sense": "austere",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αυστηρός"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "litós",
"sense": "austere",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λιτός"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "austero"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"alt": "しぶい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shibui",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "渋い"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "sevèr"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "austèr"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "surowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "austero"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "strógij",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "стро́гий"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suróvyj",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "суро́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "austero"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 27 68",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "dka' thub drag po",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "དཀའ་ཐུབ་དྲག་པོ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈvɪə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈvɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈviːɹ/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-vɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-severe.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-severe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-severe.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-severe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-severe.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-severe.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-us-severe.ogg/En-us-severe.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-us-severe.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brutal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "extreme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "harsh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "intense"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rigorous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "serious"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "heavy"
}
],
"word": "severe"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English undefined derivations",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "severe acute respiratory syndrome"
},
{
"word": "severe clear"
},
{
"word": "severe combined immunodeficiency"
},
{
"word": "severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome"
},
{
"word": "severe gale"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "severely"
},
{
"word": "severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "severeness"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "severity"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*seǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "severus",
"t": "severe, serious, grave in demeanor"
},
"expansion": "Latin severus (“severe, serious, grave in demeanor”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French, from Latin severus (“severe, serious, grave in demeanor”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "severer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more severe",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "severest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most severe",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "severe (comparative severer or more severe, superlative severest or most severe)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "mild"
},
{
"word": "en"
},
{
"word": "minor"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 January 2, Donald Worster, “A Drier and Hotter Future”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 2012-01-26, page 70",
"text": "Phoenix and Lubbock are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Very bad or intense."
],
"links": [
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"intense",
"intense"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "lenient"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a severe taskmaster",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strict or harsh."
],
"links": [
[
"Strict",
"strict"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a severe old maiden aunt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "severe clothing",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sober, plain in appearance, austere."
],
"links": [
[
"Sober",
"sober"
],
[
"plain",
"plain"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"austere",
"austere"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈvɪə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈvɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈviːɹ/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-vɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-severe.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-severe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-severe.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-severe.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Back_ache-severe.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-severe.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-us-severe.ogg/En-us-severe.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-us-severe.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brutal"
},
{
"word": "extreme"
},
{
"word": "hard"
},
{
"word": "harsh"
},
{
"word": "intense"
},
{
"word": "rigorous"
},
{
"word": "serious"
},
{
"word": "heavy"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "canr",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ծանր"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "suróvy",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суро́вы"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "cjažkí",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "цяжкі́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "suróv",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суро́в"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žestok",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "жесток"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "嚴重"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yánzhòng",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "严重"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "hård"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "stærk"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "voldsom"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "kras"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "harðligur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ankara"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "vakava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "raju"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "tuima"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "kova"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "sévère"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "abrs",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "𐌰𐌱𐍂𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sfodrós",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σφοδρός"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khamur",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חָמוּר"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "komoly"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "súlyos"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "harkalegur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "parah"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "anróiteach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"alt": "ひどい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hidoi",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "酷い"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "nopietns"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ārkārtējs"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of pain or discomfort",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "pākaha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of pain",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "tārū"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "Of weather, terrain etc.",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "kakawa"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "sad"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "krass"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "brysk"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ublid"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "voldsom"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "krass"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "brysk"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ublid"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "sevèr"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "estricte"
},
{
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"roman": "surovŭ",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суровъ"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "saxt",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "سخت"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šadid",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "شدید"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "setahm",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ستهم"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "poważny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suróvyj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суро́вый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjažólyj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "тяжёлый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "hård"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "skarp"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "kärv"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "brysk"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "våldsam"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "tshabs chen po",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "ཚབས་ཆེན་པོ"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "suvóryj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "суво́рий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tjažkýj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "тяжки́й"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "ljútyj",
"sense": "very bad or intense",
"word": "лю́тий"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "zorrotz"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "suróvy",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "суро́вы"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "stróhi",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "стро́гі"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strog",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "строг"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "嚴厲"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yánlì",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "严厉"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "streng"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "severa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "ankara"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "vaikea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "sévère"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "streng"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afstirós",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αυστηρός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "átegktos",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "άτεγκτος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "varýs",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "βαρύς"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kashé",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קָשֶׁה"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kashúakh",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קָשׁוּחַ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "szigorú"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"alt": "きびしい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kibishii",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "厳しい"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "tētricus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "bargs"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "kakawa"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "stith"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "estricte"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "sevèr"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "āfor"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "srogi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "surowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suróvyj",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "суро́вый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "strógij",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "стро́гий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žóstkij",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "жёсткий"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kaṭhora",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "कठोर"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dāruṇa",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "दारुण"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"english": "drag po",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "དྲག་པོ"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "suvóryj",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "суво́рий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "stróhyj",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "стро́гий"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "strict or harsh",
"word": "sevärik"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prost",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "прост"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neukrasen",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "неукрасен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "vakava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "karu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "sévère"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afstirós",
"sense": "austere",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αυστηρός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "litós",
"sense": "austere",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λιτός"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "austero"
},
{
"alt": "しぶい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shibui",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "渋い"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "sevèr"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "austèr"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "surowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "austero"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "strógij",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "стро́гий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suróvyj",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "суро́вый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "austero"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "dka' thub drag po",
"sense": "austere",
"word": "དཀའ་ཐུབ་དྲག་པོ"
}
],
"word": "severe"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.