See sad in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sad meaning in Middle English (11.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sad"
},
"expansion": "English: sad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sad"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sad"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sæd"
},
"expansion": "Old English sæd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sad"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sad",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sadaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sadaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*seh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English sæd, from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sadde",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sadde",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "saddere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "saddest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "sadde",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "saddere",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "saddest",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sad (plural and weak singular sadde, comparative saddere, superlative saddest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sadde",
"2": "saddere",
"3": "saddest"
},
"expansion": "sad (plural and weak singular sadde, comparative saddere, superlative saddest)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sadnesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sadly"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 2 10 5 2 10 7 12 1 5 0 6 15 2 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sated, weary (having had enough) [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"sated, weary (having had enough)"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-6qoJgwuH",
"links": [
[
"sated",
"sated"
],
[
"weary",
"weary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"sated, weary (having had enough) [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"firm, solid, hard: [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"steady, enduring"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-0vM4lx5L",
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"steady",
"steady"
],
[
"enduring",
"enduring"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 2 10 5 2 10 7 12 1 5 0 6 15 2 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"firm, solid, hard: [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"intense, powerful, severe"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-q3HoaN6e",
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"intense",
"intense"
],
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
],
[
"severe",
"severe"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 13 7 8 6 9 13 1 0 1 2 4 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "enm:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"firm, solid, hard: [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"secure (inspiring trust)"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-MG9RigvB",
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"trust",
"trust#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"firm, solid, hard: [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"dense, thick, tightly-packed"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-KMniIG12",
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"dense",
"dense"
],
[
"thick",
"thick"
],
[
"tightly",
"tightly"
],
[
"packed",
"packed"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 2 10 5 2 10 7 12 1 5 0 6 15 2 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 3 12 8 3 17 8 12 3 0 0 0 11 2 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Thinking",
"orig": "enm:Thinking",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"considered, thoughtful, serious [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"considered, thoughtful, serious"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-JN3WCUqT",
"links": [
[
"considered",
"considered"
],
[
"thoughtful",
"thoughtful"
],
[
"serious",
"serious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"considered, thoughtful, serious [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sad (inspiring or having sorrow) [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"sad (inspiring or having sorrow)"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-Ywj8kJpV",
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad#English"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"sad (inspiring or having sorrow) [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 2 10 5 2 10 7 12 1 5 0 6 15 2 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"authentic, true, genuine [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"authentic, true, genuine"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-LqPuczNG",
"links": [
[
"authentic",
"authentic"
],
[
"true",
"true"
],
[
"genuine",
"genuine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"authentic, true, genuine [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 13 7 8 6 9 13 1 0 1 2 4 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "enm:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dark, deep [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"dark, deep"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adj-4-zTuvcq",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"deep",
"deep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of colors) dark, deep [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of colors"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sad/"
},
{
"ipa": "/saːd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sadd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sæd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sead"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "sed"
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sad",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "English: sad (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sad (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sad"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sad"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sæd"
},
"expansion": "Old English sæd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sad"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sad",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sadaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sadaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*seh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English sæd, from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "saddere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "saddere",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sad (comparative saddere)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "saddere"
},
"expansion": "sad (comparative saddere)",
"name": "enm-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 8 8 8 8 6 3 8 4 12 0 14 2 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 8 8 8 6 3 8 4 12 1 14 3 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"firmly, solidly, steadily"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adv-I1OYoD5L",
"links": [
[
"firmly",
"firmly"
],
[
"solidly",
"solidly"
],
[
"steadily",
"steadily"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"strongly, intensely"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adv-gzpEAmpM",
"links": [
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
],
[
"intensely",
"intensely"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 8 8 8 8 6 3 8 4 12 0 14 2 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 8 8 8 6 3 8 4 12 1 14 3 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"seriously, consideredly"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adv-XZMYNM6J",
"links": [
[
"seriously",
"seriously"
],
[
"consideredly",
"consideredly"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 2 10 5 2 10 7 12 1 5 0 6 15 2 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sadly (in a sorrowful way)"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-adv-c-jtsdfP",
"links": [
[
"sadly",
"sadly"
],
[
"sorrowful",
"sorrowful#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sad/"
},
{
"ipa": "/saːd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sadd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sæd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sead"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "sed"
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "seed",
"word": "seed"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of seed (“seed”)"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-noun-N0cMpIiX",
"links": [
[
"seed",
"seed#Middle_English:_seed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English) Alternative form of seed (“seed”)"
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "saden"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 8 8 8 8 6 3 8 4 12 0 14 2 2 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 8 8 8 6 3 8 4 12 1 14 3 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 13 7 8 6 9 13 1 0 1 2 4 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "enm:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 2 10 5 2 10 7 12 1 5 0 6 15 2 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of saden"
],
"id": "en-sad-enm-verb-5l-OLCJ~",
"links": [
[
"saden",
"saden#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Colors",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Thinking"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sad"
},
"expansion": "English: sad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sad"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sad"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sæd"
},
"expansion": "Old English sæd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sad"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sad",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sadaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sadaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*seh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English sæd, from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sadde",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sadde",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "saddere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "saddest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "sadde",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "saddere",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "saddest",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sad (plural and weak singular sadde, comparative saddere, superlative saddest)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sadde",
"2": "saddere",
"3": "saddest"
},
"expansion": "sad (plural and weak singular sadde, comparative saddere, superlative saddest)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "saden"
},
{
"word": "sadnesse"
},
{
"word": "sadly"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sated, weary (having had enough) [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"sated, weary (having had enough)"
],
"links": [
[
"sated",
"sated"
],
[
"weary",
"weary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"sated, weary (having had enough) [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"firm, solid, hard: [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"steady, enduring"
],
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"steady",
"steady"
],
[
"enduring",
"enduring"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"firm, solid, hard: [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"intense, powerful, severe"
],
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"intense",
"intense"
],
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
],
[
"severe",
"severe"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"firm, solid, hard: [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"secure (inspiring trust)"
],
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"trust",
"trust#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"firm, solid, hard: [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"dense, thick, tightly-packed"
],
"links": [
[
"firm",
"firm"
],
[
"solid",
"solid"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"dense",
"dense"
],
[
"thick",
"thick"
],
[
"tightly",
"tightly"
],
[
"packed",
"packed"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"considered, thoughtful, serious [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"considered, thoughtful, serious"
],
"links": [
[
"considered",
"considered"
],
[
"thoughtful",
"thoughtful"
],
[
"serious",
"serious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"considered, thoughtful, serious [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sad (inspiring or having sorrow) [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"sad (inspiring or having sorrow)"
],
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad#English"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"sad (inspiring or having sorrow) [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"authentic, true, genuine [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"authentic, true, genuine"
],
"links": [
[
"authentic",
"authentic"
],
[
"true",
"true"
],
[
"genuine",
"genuine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"authentic, true, genuine [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dark, deep [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]",
"dark, deep"
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"deep",
"deep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of colors) dark, deep [from :Template:SAFESUBST: c.]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of colors"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sad/"
},
{
"ipa": "/saːd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "saad"
},
{
"word": "sadd"
},
{
"word": "zed"
},
{
"word": "sæd"
},
{
"word": "sead"
},
{
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "sed"
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Colors",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Thinking"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sad",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "English: sad (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sad (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sad"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sad"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sæd"
},
"expansion": "Old English sæd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sad"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sad",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sadaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sadaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*seh₂-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English sæd, from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "saddere",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "saddere",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sad (comparative saddere)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "saddere"
},
"expansion": "sad (comparative saddere)",
"name": "enm-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"firmly, solidly, steadily"
],
"links": [
[
"firmly",
"firmly"
],
[
"solidly",
"solidly"
],
[
"steadily",
"steadily"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"strongly, intensely"
],
"links": [
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
],
[
"intensely",
"intensely"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"seriously, consideredly"
],
"links": [
[
"seriously",
"seriously"
],
[
"consideredly",
"consideredly"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sadly (in a sorrowful way)"
],
"links": [
[
"sadly",
"sadly"
],
[
"sorrowful",
"sorrowful#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sad/"
},
{
"ipa": "/saːd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "saad"
},
{
"word": "sadd"
},
{
"word": "zed"
},
{
"word": "sæd"
},
{
"word": "sead"
},
{
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "sed"
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Colors",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Thinking"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "sad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "seed",
"word": "seed"
}
],
"categories": [
"Early Middle English"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of seed (“seed”)"
],
"links": [
[
"seed",
"seed#Middle_English:_seed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English) Alternative form of seed (“seed”)"
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Colors",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Thinking"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "sad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "saden"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of saden"
],
"links": [
[
"saden",
"saden#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "sad"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.