"irritate" meaning in All languages combined

See irritate on Wiktionary

Verb [English]

IPA: /ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/ Audio: en-us-irritate.ogg [US] Forms: irritates [present, singular, third-person], irritating [participle, present], irritated [participle, past], irritated [past]
Etymology: From Latin irrītātus, past participle of irrītō (“excite, irritate, incite, stimulate”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|la|irrītātus}} Latin irrītātus, {{m|la|irrītō|t=excite, irritate, incite, stimulate}} irrītō (“excite, irritate, incite, stimulate”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} irritate (third-person singular simple present irritates, present participle irritating, simple past and past participle irritated)
  1. (transitive) To provoke impatience, anger, or displeasure in. Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-irritate-en-verb-Rn~F4~ez
  2. (intransitive) To cause or induce displeasure or irritation. Tags: intransitive Translations (to cause or induce displeasure or irritation): παροξύνω (paroxúnō) (Ancient Greek), նյարդայնացնել (nyardaynacʻnel) (Armenian), զայրացնել (zayracʻnel) (Armenian), ջղայնացնել (ǰġaynacʻnel) (Armenian), qıcıqlandırmaq (Azerbaijani), раздражня́ць (razdražnjácʹ) [imperfective] (Belarusian), জ্বালাতন করা (jalaton kora) (Bengali), дразня (draznja) (Bulgarian), ядосвам (jadosvam) (Bulgarian), yuga (Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma), 激怒 (jīnù) (Chinese Mandarin), 刺激 (cìjī) (Chinese Mandarin), veksya (Cornish), dráždit (Czech), irriteren (Dutch), agaci (Esperanto), malamuzi (Esperanto), ärsyttää (Finnish), vituttaa (Finnish), nyppiä (Finnish), tympiä (Finnish), harmittaa (Finnish), vaivata (Finnish), agacer (english: displeasure) (French), irritar (Galician), arrizar (Galician), tocar o carallo [vulgar] (Galician), გაღიზიანება (gaɣizianeba) (Georgian), გაბრაზება (gabrazeba) (Georgian), reizen (German), irritieren (German), ärgern (German), εκνευρίζω (eknevrízo) (Greek), τσαντίζω (tsantízo) (Greek), θυμώνω (thymóno) (Greek), iracigar (Ido), greannaigh (Irish), irritare (Italian), いらいらさせる (iraira saseru) (Japanese), 怒らせる (ikaraseru) (alt: いからせる) (Japanese), じらす (jirasu) (Japanese), inyervar (Ladino), piget (Latin), taedet (Latin), erzinti (Lithuanian), dirginti (Lithuanian), whakakūrakuraku (Maori), whakahārangirangi (Maori), mukākā (Maori), whakatōwenewene (Maori), noyen (Middle English), irritere (Norwegian), drażnić (Polish), rozdrażniać (Polish), denerwować (Polish), irytować (Polish), sierdzić [archaic] (Polish), wkurwiać [vulgar] (Polish), irritar (Portuguese), irita (Romanian), enerva (Romanian), agasa (Romanian), sâcâi (Romanian), раздража́ть (razdražátʹ) (Russian), злить (zlitʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), серди́ть (serdítʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), irritar (Spanish), enviscar (Spanish), irritera (Swedish), alibadbaran (Tagalog), kızdırmak (Turkish), öfkelendirmek (Turkish), sinirlendirmek (Turkish), sinir etmek (Turkish), sinirini bozmak (Turkish), gıcık etmek (Turkish), tahriş etmek (Turkish), kaşındırmak (Turkish), irite etmek (Turkish), дратува́ти (dratuváty) [imperfective] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-irritate-en-verb-YdugvYJK Disambiguation of 'to cause or induce displeasure or irritation': 4 91 4
  3. (transitive) To induce pain in (all or part of a body or organism). Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-irritate-en-verb-znpw--nh
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: provoke, rile Related terms: irritant, irritation, irritative, irritatory, disturb, exasperate, peeve
Etymology number: 1

Verb [English]

IPA: /ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/ Audio: en-us-irritate.ogg [US] Forms: irritates [present, singular, third-person], irritating [participle, present], irritated [participle, past], irritated [past]
Etymology: From Latin irritātus, past participle of irritō (“I invalidate, annul”), from irritus (“invalid”), negation of ratus (“valid, established, fixed”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|la|irritātus}} Latin irritātus, {{m|la|irritō|t=I invalidate, annul}} irritō (“I invalidate, annul”), {{m|la|irritus||invalid}} irritus (“invalid”), {{m|la|ratus||valid, established, fixed}} ratus (“valid, established, fixed”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} irritate (third-person singular simple present irritates, present participle irritating, simple past and past participle irritated)
  1. (transitive, obsolete, Scots law) To render null and void. Tags: obsolete, transitive Categories (topical): Scots law Synonyms: annul, nullify, invalidate
    Sense id: en-irritate-en-verb--NL16EMs Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 22 6 5 68
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Adjective [Italian]

Head templates: {{head|it|adjective form}} irritate
  1. feminine plural of irritato Tags: feminine, form-of, plural Form of: irritato
    Sense id: en-irritate-it-adj-I7sze2NK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Italian]

Head templates: {{head|it|past participle form|g=f-p}} irritate f pl
  1. feminine plural of irritato Tags: feminine, form-of, participle, plural Form of: irritato
    Sense id: en-irritate-it-verb-I7sze2NK
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Italian]

Head templates: {{head|it|verb form}} irritate
  1. inflection of irritare:
    second-person plural present indicative
    Tags: form-of, indicative, plural, present, second-person
    Sense id: en-irritate-it-verb-JGgJy~o2 Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 2 4 81 12
  2. inflection of irritare:
    second-person plural imperative
    Tags: form-of, imperative, plural, second-person
    Sense id: en-irritate-it-verb-un37kdzO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb [Latin]

IPA: /ir.riːˈtaː.te/ [Classical], [ɪrːiːˈt̪äːt̪ɛ] [Classical], /ir.riˈta.te/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [irːiˈt̪äːt̪e] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) Forms: irrītāte [canonical]
Head templates: {{head|la|verb form|head=irrītāte}} irrītāte
  1. second-person plural present active imperative of irrītō Tags: active, form-of, imperative, plural, present, second-person Form of: irrītō
    Sense id: en-irritate-la-verb-Y-vZkOAV Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header

Verb [Spanish]

Head templates: {{head|es|verb form}} irritate
  1. second-person singular voseo imperative of irritar combined with te Tags: form-of, imperative, object-second-person, object-singular, second-person, singular, with-voseo Form of: irritar
    Sense id: en-irritate-es-verb-Ujuf8nBz Categories (other): Spanish entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for irritate meaning in All languages combined (20.8kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "placate"
    },
    {
      "word": "please"
    },
    {
      "word": "soothe"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "irrītātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin irrītātus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "irrītō",
        "t": "excite, irritate, incite, stimulate"
      },
      "expansion": "irrītō (“excite, irritate, incite, stimulate”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin irrītātus, past participle of irrītō (“excite, irritate, incite, stimulate”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "irritates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "irritate (third-person singular simple present irritates, present participle irritating, simple past and past participle irritated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "irritant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "irritation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "irritative"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "irritatory"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "disturb"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "exasperate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "peeve"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1814, Signor Vestris, La Didone Abbandonata, a Serious Opera, in Two Acts. Altered from Metastasio, by Signor Vestris. As Represented at the King’s Theatre, in the Hay-Market., London: […] J. Gillet, […], page 15",
          "text": "If thou irritatest my lord, there will come to war against thee all the Getulians, Numidians, and Garamantes, Afric contains.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1896, Ernest Rénan, translated by Eleanor Grant Vickery, Caliban: A Philosophical Drama Continuing “The Tempest” of William Shakespeare (Publications of The Shakespeare Society of New York; No. 9), New York, N.Y.: The Shakespeare Press; London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd., page 19",
          "text": "Thou scandalizest me and irritatest my nature as much as it possibly can be irritated.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To provoke impatience, anger, or displeasure in."
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-en-verb-Rn~F4~ez",
      "links": [
        [
          "provoke",
          "provoke"
        ],
        [
          "impatience",
          "impatience"
        ],
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "displeasure",
          "displeasure"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To provoke impatience, anger, or displeasure in."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause or induce displeasure or irritation."
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-en-verb-YdugvYJK",
      "links": [
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "induce",
          "induce"
        ],
        [
          "displeasure",
          "displeasure"
        ],
        [
          "irritation",
          "irritation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To cause or induce displeasure or irritation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "nyardaynacʻnel",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "նյարդայնացնել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "zayracʻnel",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "զայրացնել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "ǰġaynacʻnel",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "ջղայնացնել"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "qıcıqlandırmaq"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "razdražnjácʹ",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "раздражня́ць"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "jalaton kora",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "জ্বালাতন করা"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "draznja",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "дразня"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "jadosvam",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "ядосвам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "coh",
          "lang": "Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "yuga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jīnù",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "激怒"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "cìjī",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "刺激"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "kw",
          "lang": "Cornish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "veksya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "dráždit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irriteren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "agaci"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "malamuzi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "ärsyttää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "vituttaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "nyppiä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "tympiä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "harmittaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "vaivata"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "english": "displeasure",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "agacer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irritar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "arrizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "tags": [
            "vulgar"
          ],
          "word": "tocar o carallo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "gaɣizianeba",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "გაღიზიანება"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "gabrazeba",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "გაბრაზება"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "reizen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irritieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "ärgern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "eknevrízo",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "εκνευρίζω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "tsantízo",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "τσαντίζω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "thymóno",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "θυμώνω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "paroxúnō",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "παροξύνω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "iracigar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "greannaigh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irritare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "iraira saseru",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "いらいらさせる"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "alt": "いからせる",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "ikaraseru",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "怒らせる"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "jirasu",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "じらす"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "lad",
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "inyervar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "piget"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "taedet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "erzinti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "dirginti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "whakakūrakuraku"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "whakahārangirangi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "mukākā"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "whakatōwenewene"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "noyen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irritere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "drażnić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "rozdrażniać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "denerwować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irytować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "sierdzić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "tags": [
            "vulgar"
          ],
          "word": "wkurwiać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irritar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irita"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "enerva"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "agasa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "sâcâi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "razdražátʹ",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "раздража́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "zlitʹ",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "злить"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "serdítʹ",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "серди́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irritar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "enviscar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irritera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "alibadbaran"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "kızdırmak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "öfkelendirmek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "sinirlendirmek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "sinir etmek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "sinirini bozmak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "gıcık etmek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "tahriş etmek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "kaşındırmak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "word": "irite etmek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 91 4",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "dratuváty",
          "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "дратува́ти"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To induce pain in (all or part of a body or organism)."
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-en-verb-znpw--nh",
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To induce pain in (all or part of a body or organism)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-irritate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/En-us-irritate.ogg/En-us-irritate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/En-us-irritate.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "provoke"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "rile"
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "irritātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin irritātus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "irritō",
        "t": "I invalidate, annul"
      },
      "expansion": "irritō (“I invalidate, annul”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "irritus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "invalid"
      },
      "expansion": "irritus (“invalid”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ratus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "valid, established, fixed"
      },
      "expansion": "ratus (“valid, established, fixed”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin irritātus, past participle of irritō (“I invalidate, annul”), from irritus (“invalid”), negation of ratus (“valid, established, fixed”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "irritates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "irritate (third-person singular simple present irritates, present participle irritating, simple past and past participle irritated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Scots law",
          "orig": "en:Scots law",
          "parents": [
            "Law",
            "Scotland",
            "Justice",
            "United Kingdom",
            "Society",
            "British Isles",
            "Europe",
            "All topics",
            "Islands",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Fundamental",
            "Places",
            "Nature",
            "Names",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 6 5 68",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "c. 1634-1661 John Bramhall, Protestants' Ordination Defended\nAre human laws presently superfluous, so often as they do not irritate or abrogate Divine laws ?"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To render null and void."
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-en-verb--NL16EMs",
      "links": [
        [
          "null and void",
          "null and void"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Scots law",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete, Scots law) To render null and void."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "annul"
        },
        {
          "word": "nullify"
        },
        {
          "word": "invalidate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-irritate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/En-us-irritate.ogg/En-us-irritate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/En-us-irritate.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "adjective form"
      },
      "expansion": "irritate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "irritato"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine plural of irritato"
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-it-adj-I7sze2NK",
      "links": [
        [
          "irritato",
          "irritato#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "past participle form",
        "g": "f-p"
      },
      "expansion": "irritate f pl",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "irritato"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine plural of irritato"
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-it-verb-I7sze2NK",
      "links": [
        [
          "irritato",
          "irritato#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "irritate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 81 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of irritare:",
        "second-person plural present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-it-verb-JGgJy~o2",
      "links": [
        [
          "irritare",
          "irritare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of irritare:",
        "second-person plural imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-it-verb-un37kdzO",
      "links": [
        [
          "irritare",
          "irritare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "irrītāte",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form",
        "head": "irrītāte"
      },
      "expansion": "irrītāte",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "irrītō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person plural present active imperative of irrītō"
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-la-verb-Y-vZkOAV",
      "links": [
        [
          "irrītō",
          "irrito#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ir.riːˈtaː.te/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɪrːiːˈt̪äːt̪ɛ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ir.riˈta.te/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[irːiˈt̪äːt̪e]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "irritate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "irritar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person singular voseo imperative of irritar combined with te"
      ],
      "id": "en-irritate-es-verb-Ujuf8nBz",
      "links": [
        [
          "irritar",
          "irritar#Spanish"
        ],
        [
          "te",
          "te#Spanish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "object-second-person",
        "object-singular",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "with-voseo"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "placate"
    },
    {
      "word": "please"
    },
    {
      "word": "soothe"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "irrītātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin irrītātus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "irrītō",
        "t": "excite, irritate, incite, stimulate"
      },
      "expansion": "irrītō (“excite, irritate, incite, stimulate”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin irrītātus, past participle of irrītō (“excite, irritate, incite, stimulate”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "irritates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "irritate (third-person singular simple present irritates, present participle irritating, simple past and past participle irritated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "irritant"
    },
    {
      "word": "irritation"
    },
    {
      "word": "irritative"
    },
    {
      "word": "irritatory"
    },
    {
      "word": "disturb"
    },
    {
      "word": "exasperate"
    },
    {
      "word": "peeve"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1814, Signor Vestris, La Didone Abbandonata, a Serious Opera, in Two Acts. Altered from Metastasio, by Signor Vestris. As Represented at the King’s Theatre, in the Hay-Market., London: […] J. Gillet, […], page 15",
          "text": "If thou irritatest my lord, there will come to war against thee all the Getulians, Numidians, and Garamantes, Afric contains.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1896, Ernest Rénan, translated by Eleanor Grant Vickery, Caliban: A Philosophical Drama Continuing “The Tempest” of William Shakespeare (Publications of The Shakespeare Society of New York; No. 9), New York, N.Y.: The Shakespeare Press; London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd., page 19",
          "text": "Thou scandalizest me and irritatest my nature as much as it possibly can be irritated.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To provoke impatience, anger, or displeasure in."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "provoke",
          "provoke"
        ],
        [
          "impatience",
          "impatience"
        ],
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "displeasure",
          "displeasure"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To provoke impatience, anger, or displeasure in."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause or induce displeasure or irritation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "induce",
          "induce"
        ],
        [
          "displeasure",
          "displeasure"
        ],
        [
          "irritation",
          "irritation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To cause or induce displeasure or irritation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To induce pain in (all or part of a body or organism)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pain",
          "pain"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To induce pain in (all or part of a body or organism)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-irritate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/En-us-irritate.ogg/En-us-irritate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/En-us-irritate.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "provoke"
    },
    {
      "word": "rile"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "nyardaynacʻnel",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "նյարդայնացնել"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "zayracʻnel",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "զայրացնել"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "ǰġaynacʻnel",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "ջղայնացնել"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "qıcıqlandırmaq"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "razdražnjácʹ",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "раздражня́ць"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "jalaton kora",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "জ্বালাতন করা"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "draznja",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "дразня"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "jadosvam",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "ядосвам"
    },
    {
      "code": "coh",
      "lang": "Chichonyi-Chidzihana-Chikauma",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "yuga"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jīnù",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "激怒"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "cìjī",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "刺激"
    },
    {
      "code": "kw",
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "veksya"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "dráždit"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irriteren"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "agaci"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "malamuzi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "ärsyttää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "vituttaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "nyppiä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "tympiä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "harmittaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "vaivata"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "english": "displeasure",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "agacer"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irritar"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "arrizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "tags": [
        "vulgar"
      ],
      "word": "tocar o carallo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "gaɣizianeba",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "გაღიზიანება"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "gabrazeba",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "გაბრაზება"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "reizen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irritieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "ärgern"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "eknevrízo",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "εκνευρίζω"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "tsantízo",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "τσαντίζω"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "thymóno",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "θυμώνω"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "paroxúnō",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "παροξύνω"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "iracigar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "greannaigh"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irritare"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "iraira saseru",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "いらいらさせる"
    },
    {
      "alt": "いからせる",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "ikaraseru",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "怒らせる"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "jirasu",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "じらす"
    },
    {
      "code": "lad",
      "lang": "Ladino",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "inyervar"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "piget"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "taedet"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "erzinti"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "dirginti"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "whakakūrakuraku"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "whakahārangirangi"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "mukākā"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "whakatōwenewene"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "noyen"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irritere"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irritere"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "drażnić"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "rozdrażniać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "denerwować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irytować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "sierdzić"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "tags": [
        "vulgar"
      ],
      "word": "wkurwiać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irritar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irita"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "enerva"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "agasa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "sâcâi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "razdražátʹ",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "раздража́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "zlitʹ",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "злить"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "serdítʹ",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "серди́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irritar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "enviscar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irritera"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "alibadbaran"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "kızdırmak"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "öfkelendirmek"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "sinirlendirmek"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "sinir etmek"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "sinirini bozmak"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "gıcık etmek"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "tahriş etmek"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "kaşındırmak"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "word": "irite etmek"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "dratuváty",
      "sense": "to cause or induce displeasure or irritation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "дратува́ти"
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "irritātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin irritātus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "irritō",
        "t": "I invalidate, annul"
      },
      "expansion": "irritō (“I invalidate, annul”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "irritus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "invalid"
      },
      "expansion": "irritus (“invalid”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ratus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "valid, established, fixed"
      },
      "expansion": "ratus (“valid, established, fixed”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin irritātus, past participle of irritō (“I invalidate, annul”), from irritus (“invalid”), negation of ratus (“valid, established, fixed”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "irritates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irritated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "irritate (third-person singular simple present irritates, present participle irritating, simple past and past participle irritated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "en:Scots law"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "c. 1634-1661 John Bramhall, Protestants' Ordination Defended\nAre human laws presently superfluous, so often as they do not irritate or abrogate Divine laws ?"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To render null and void."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "null and void",
          "null and void"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Scots law",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete, Scots law) To render null and void."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "annul"
        },
        {
          "word": "nullify"
        },
        {
          "word": "invalidate"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-irritate.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/En-us-irritate.ogg/En-us-irritate.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/En-us-irritate.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian adjective forms",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian non-lemma forms",
    "Italian past participle forms",
    "Italian verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "adjective form"
      },
      "expansion": "irritate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "irritato"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine plural of irritato"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "irritato",
          "irritato#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian adjective forms",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian non-lemma forms",
    "Italian past participle forms",
    "Italian verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "past participle form",
        "g": "f-p"
      },
      "expansion": "irritate f pl",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "irritato"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine plural of irritato"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "irritato",
          "irritato#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian non-lemma forms",
    "Italian verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "irritate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of irritare:",
        "second-person plural present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "irritare",
          "irritare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of irritare:",
        "second-person plural imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "irritare",
          "irritare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "irrītāte",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "verb form",
        "head": "irrītāte"
      },
      "expansion": "irrītāte",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin 4-syllable words",
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin non-lemma forms",
        "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Latin verb forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "irrītō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person plural present active imperative of irrītō"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "irrītō",
          "irrito#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ir.riːˈtaː.te/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɪrːiːˈt̪äːt̪ɛ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ir.riˈta.te/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[irːiˈt̪äːt̪e]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "irritate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Spanish",
  "lang_code": "es",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Spanish non-lemma forms",
        "Spanish verb forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "irritar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person singular voseo imperative of irritar combined with te"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "irritar",
          "irritar#Spanish"
        ],
        [
          "te",
          "te#Spanish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "object-second-person",
        "object-singular",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "with-voseo"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "irritate"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.