See afflict on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "afflictee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "afflicter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "afflictingly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reafflict"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unafflicting"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "afflicten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English afflicten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "afflictāre",
"t": "to damage, harass, torment"
},
"expansion": "Latin afflictāre (“to damage, harass, torment”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English afflicten (attested in past participle afflicte), from Latin afflictāre (“to damage, harass, torment”), frequentative of affligere (“to dash down, overthrow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "afflicts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "afflicting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "afflicted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
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"past"
]
}
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}
],
"hyphenation": [
"af‧flict"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "affliction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "afflictive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 43 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 43 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 1:11–12:",
"text": "Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses. But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 23:27:",
"text": "Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 41:",
"text": "[T]he wench was afflicted with religion and unapproachably austere.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone) pain, suffering or distress."
],
"id": "en-afflict-en-verb-R5WnRflb",
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause (someone) pain, suffering or distress."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "torment"
},
{
"word": "torture"
},
{
"word": "hurt"
},
{
"word": "vex"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izmǎčvam",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "измъчвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pričinjavam bolka",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "причинявам болка"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "使痛苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "postihnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "bedroeven"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "kwellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "treffen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "teisteren"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "aflikti"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "malĝojigi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "ĉagreni"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "vaivata"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "koetella"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "bekümmern"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hikh'ív",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "הכאיב"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yisér",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "ייסר"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "imlél",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "אמלל"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "afliktar"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "affliggere"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "afflīgō"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "whakawhiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of an illness",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "makimaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "ngau"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âzordan",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "آزردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "dočâr kardan",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "دچار کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "dâman-gir kardan",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "دامنگیر کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pričinjátʹ bolʹ",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "причиня́ть боль"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mučatʹ",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "мучать"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"tags": [
"Caribbean"
],
"word": "acorar"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "doškuljaty",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дошкуляти"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryčynjaty",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"rare"
],
"word": "причиняти"
}
]
},
{
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"_dis": "35 51 14",
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{
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{
"_dis": "26 64 11",
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{
"_dis": "50 43 7",
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{
"_dis": "20 70 10",
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{
"_dis": "22 66 11",
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{
"_dis": "22 66 11",
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{
"_dis": "32 59 9",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 55 9",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "37 54 9",
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"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 54 9",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "22 66 11",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "22 65 13",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 55 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
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],
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{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "reassembling our afflicted powers",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike or cast down; to overthrow; to result."
],
"id": "en-afflict-en-verb-m0gJbHpA",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To strike or cast down; to overthrow; to result."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "The Argument of mine afflicted stile",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, The Rule and Exercises of Holy Living. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Francis Ashe […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Men are apt to prefer a prosperous error before an afflicted truth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make low or humble."
],
"id": "en-afflict-en-verb-GQkZQeyI",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To make low or humble."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈflɪkt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-afflict.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪkt"
}
],
"word": "afflict"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "afflicts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "afflictin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "afflictit",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "afflictit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
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"1": "sco",
"10": "afflictit",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "afflicts",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "afflictin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "afflictit",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "afflict (third-person singular simple present afflicts, present participle afflictin, simple past afflictit, past participle afflictit)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "afflicts",
"2": "afflictin",
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"4": "afflictit"
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"expansion": "afflict (third-person singular simple present afflicts, present participle afflictin, simple past afflictit, past participle afflictit)",
"name": "sco-verb"
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"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
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],
"glosses": [
"to afflict"
],
"id": "en-afflict-sco-verb-Sb8iPmdC",
"links": [
[
"afflict",
"afflict#English"
]
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/əˈflɪk(t)/"
}
],
"word": "afflict"
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{
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"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
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"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "afflictee"
},
{
"word": "afflicter"
},
{
"word": "afflictingly"
},
{
"word": "reafflict"
},
{
"word": "unafflicting"
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "afflictāre",
"t": "to damage, harass, torment"
},
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"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English afflicten (attested in past participle afflicte), from Latin afflictāre (“to damage, harass, torment”), frequentative of affligere (“to dash down, overthrow”).",
"forms": [
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{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 1:11–12:",
"text": "Therefore they did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with their burdens. And they built for Pharaoh treasure cities, Pithom and Raamses. But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew. And they were grieved because of the children of Israel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 23:27:",
"text": "Also on the tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 41:",
"text": "[T]he wench was afflicted with religion and unapproachably austere.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone) pain, suffering or distress."
],
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"suffering",
"suffering"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause (someone) pain, suffering or distress."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "torment"
},
{
"word": "torture"
},
{
"word": "hurt"
},
{
"word": "vex"
}
],
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"transitive"
]
},
{
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"English terms with quotations"
],
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{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "reassembling our afflicted powers",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To strike or cast down; to overthrow; to result."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To strike or cast down; to overthrow; to result."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "The Argument of mine afflicted stile",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, The Rule and Exercises of Holy Living. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Francis Ashe […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Men are apt to prefer a prosperous error before an afflicted truth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make low or humble."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To make low or humble."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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},
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"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-afflict.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-afflict.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-afflict.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-afflict.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-afflict.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪkt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izmǎčvam",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "измъчвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pričinjavam bolka",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "причинявам болка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "使痛苦"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "postihnout"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "bedroeven"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "kwellen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "treffen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "teisteren"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "aflikti"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "malĝojigi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "ĉagreni"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "vaivata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "koetella"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "bekümmern"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hikh'ív",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "הכאיב"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yisér",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "ייסר"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "imlél",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "אמלל"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "afliktar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "affliggere"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "afflīgō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "whakawhiu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of an illness",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "makimaki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "ngau"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âzordan",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "آزردن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "dočâr kardan",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "دچار کردن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "dâman-gir kardan",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "دامنگیر کردن"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pričinjátʹ bolʹ",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "причиня́ть боль"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mučatʹ",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "мучать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"word": "afligir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"tags": [
"Caribbean"
],
"word": "acorar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "doškuljaty",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дошкуляти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryčynjaty",
"sense": "to cause pain to",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"rare"
],
"word": "причиняти"
}
],
"word": "afflict"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "afflicts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "afflictin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "afflictit",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "afflictit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "afflictit",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "afflicts",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "afflictin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "afflictit",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "afflict (third-person singular simple present afflicts, present participle afflictin, simple past afflictit, past participle afflictit)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "afflicts",
"2": "afflictin",
"3": "afflictit",
"4": "afflictit"
},
"expansion": "afflict (third-person singular simple present afflicts, present participle afflictin, simple past afflictit, past participle afflictit)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to afflict"
],
"links": [
[
"afflict",
"afflict#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈflɪk(t)/"
}
],
"word": "afflict"
}
Download raw JSONL data for afflict meaning in All languages combined (9.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.