See grate on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for grate meaning in All languages combined (28.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fire grate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fire-grate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "register grate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "rocking grate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "step grate"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grate",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "grāta"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin grāta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "grata"
},
"expansion": "Italian grata",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cratis"
},
"expansion": "Latin cratis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grate, from a Medieval Latin grāta, from a Latin word for a hurdle; or Italian grata, from Latin cratis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grates",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (plural grates)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 5 14 4 6 17 17 17 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The grate stopped the sheep from escaping from their field.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horizontal metal grill through which liquid, ash, or small objects can fall, while larger objects cannot."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-noun-3sA4i1G2",
"links": [
[
"horizontal",
"horizontal"
],
[
"grill",
"grill"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skára",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ска́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rešétka",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реше́тка"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "morrió"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "爐架"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lújià",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "炉架"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìzi",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "箅子"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rooster"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "ritilä"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "fi",
"english": "under fire",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "arina"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grade"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rost"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gitter"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "hao hakahaka"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "hao manamana"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "rács"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "rácsozat"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "rostély"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "grata"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "cancellī"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "clāthrī"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "mātiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Hieet"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "krata"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "grade"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rešótka",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "решётка"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sétka",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "се́тка"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "gd",
"english": "at fireplace",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cliath-theine"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rejilla"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 2 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "ızgara"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A frame or bed, or kind of basket, of iron bars, for holding fuel while burning."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-noun-QnunUWJN",
"links": [
[
"fuel",
"fuel"
],
[
"burn",
"burn"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 95 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skara",
"sense": "frame or bed for holding fuel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "скара"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1969, Herbert Walter Macklin, Monumental Brasses",
"text": "Lances (only shown at Stoke D'Abernon) were commonly made of ash, about 13 feet long. A ring of metal (grate or grapper) was fastened to the shaft and during a fight[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1980, The Encyclopedia Americana, volume 16, page 683",
"text": "[…] and a heavy metal ring, called the grate or graper, fastened to the shaft below the grip. The grate rested against the knight's breastplate and relieved the hand and arm of the full shock of contact. The metallic head (or socket) of the war lance was usually leaf shaped, while that of the tilting lance, at least from[…]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grapper, a metal ring on a lance behind the grip."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-noun-~4ONsTs6",
"links": [
[
"grapper",
"grapper"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
],
[
"grip",
"grip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A grapper, a metal ring on a lance behind the grip."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grill"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grate",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "grāta"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin grāta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "grata"
},
"expansion": "Italian grata",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cratis"
},
"expansion": "Latin cratis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grate, from a Medieval Latin grāta, from a Latin word for a hurdle; or Italian grata, from Latin cratis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (third-person singular simple present grates, present participle grating, simple past and past participle grated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 5 14 4 6 17 17 17 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to grate a window",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish with grates; to protect with a grating or crossbars."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-verb-wUF8T2aq",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To furnish with grates; to protect with a grating or crossbars."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "grater"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "grate upon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "grating"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gratings"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "graten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English graten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "grater",
"t": "to scrape"
},
"expansion": "Old French grater (“to scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gratter"
},
"expansion": "French gratter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krattōn"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krattōn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krattōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krattōną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "krazzon"
},
"expansion": "Old High German krazzon",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kratzen",
"t": "to scrawl"
},
"expansion": "German kratzen (“to scrawl”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kradse"
},
"expansion": "Danish kradse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krassa",
"t": "to scrawl"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krassa (“to scrawl”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kratte"
},
"expansion": "Danish kratte",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English graten, from Old French grater (“to scrape”) ( > French gratter), from Frankish *krattōn, from Proto-Germanic *krattōną. Cognate with Old High German krazzon ( > German kratzen (“to scrawl”) > Danish kradse), Icelandic krassa (“to scrawl”) and Danish kratte.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (third-person singular simple present grates, present participle grating, simple past and past participle grated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "en:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 14 4 6 17 17 17 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I need to grate the cheese before the potato is cooked.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shred (things, usually foodstuffs), by rubbing across a grater."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-verb-jXwtJJbv",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"shred",
"shred"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"grater",
"grater"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, cooking) To shred (things, usually foodstuffs), by rubbing across a grater."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rasper"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bašar",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "بَشَر"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "sürtmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qırıw",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "ҡырыу"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stǎrža",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "стържа"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nastǎrgvam",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "настъргвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rive"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "raspen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "malen"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "raspi"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "raastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "râper"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "reiben"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "trívo",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "τρίβω"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "reszel"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "lereszel"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "törkätä"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "grattuggiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "tarkuoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "pākēkē"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "pakepakē"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "waru"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "roroi"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "waruwaru"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "kyty"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rive"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "ralar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rade"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "terétʹ",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тере́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "natirátʹ",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "натира́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naterétʹ",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "натере́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rallar"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "kuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "riva"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rendelemek"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "térty",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "те́рти"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "natyráty",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "натира́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "natérty",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "нате́рти"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tseraybn",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "צערײַבן"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "raybn",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "רײַבן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 5 14 4 6 17 17 17 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1856, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part 3 Chapter X, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling\nThe gate suddenly grated. It was Lestiboudois; he came to fetch his spade, that he had forgotten. He recognised Justin climbing over the wall, and at last knew who was the culprit who stole his potatoes."
},
{
"text": "Listening to his teeth grate all day long drives me mad.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The chalk grated against the board.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make an unpleasant rasping sound, often as the result of rubbing against something."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-verb-y9aMIr66",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make an unpleasant rasping sound, often as the result of rubbing against something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skǎrcam",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "скърцам"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "narskua"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "narista"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "kitistä"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "csikorog"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "nyikorog"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "stridere"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "ngākeke"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "tiotio"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "pakakū"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "rechinar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 90 3 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "gnissla"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She’s nice enough, but she can begin to grate if there is no-one else to talk to.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To get on one's nerves; to irritate, annoy."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-verb-iLNlKNEL",
"links": [
[
"get on one's nerves",
"get on one's nerves"
],
[
"irritate",
"irritate"
],
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, intransitive) To get on one's nerves; to irritate, annoy."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 26",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "draznja",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "дразня"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 26",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "op de zenuwen werken"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 26",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "irriteren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 26",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "vervelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 26",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "raastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 26",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "ärsyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 72 26",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "kuna"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2015, Art Levy in Florida Trend, Roland Martin is a Florida 'Icon'\none of the issues that's kind of grating me a little bit is weed control."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To annoy."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-verb-Pdb0foto",
"links": [
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, transitive) To annoy."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "grātus",
"t": "agreeable"
},
"expansion": "Latin grātus (“agreeable”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin grātus (“agreeable”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more grate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most grate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (comparative more grate, superlative most grate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1677, Sir Thomas Herbert, Some Yeares Travels into Africa and Asia the Great",
"text": "Coho or Coffee[…]however ingrate or insapory it seems at first, it becomes grate and delicious enough by custom.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Serving to gratify; agreeable."
],
"id": "en-grate-en-adj-n7nIuays",
"links": [
[
"gratify",
"gratify"
],
[
"agreeable",
"agreeable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Serving to gratify; agreeable."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "more grate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most grate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (comparative more grate, superlative most grate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "great"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "c. 1815, Mary Woody, A true account of Nayomy Wise\nHe promisd her a grate reward"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of great"
],
"id": "en-grate-en-adj-coH3O2BS",
"links": [
[
"great",
"great#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "adjective form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "grate f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grà‧te"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of grato"
],
"id": "en-grate-it-adj-5c-qWU8V",
"links": [
[
"grato",
"grato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡra.te/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ate"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grātus",
"t": "agreeable"
},
"expansion": "grātus (“agreeable”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grātus (“agreeable”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grātē",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "grātius",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "grātissimē",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grātē"
},
"expansion": "grātē (comparative grātius, superlative grātissimē)",
"name": "la-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātificor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātificātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātiīs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātiōsus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātulor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātulātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātuītus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grātīs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gladly, willingly"
],
"id": "en-grate-la-adv-IUHkF5M5",
"links": [
[
"gladly",
"gladly"
],
[
"willingly",
"willingly"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gratefully, thankfully"
],
"id": "en-grate-la-adv-EYu1fvbf",
"links": [
[
"gratefully",
"gratefully"
],
[
"thankfully",
"thankfully"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡraː.teː/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡräːt̪eː]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡra.te/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡräːt̪e]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "grate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gratar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of gratar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-grate-es-verb-IZTBIHx4",
"links": [
[
"gratar",
"gratar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of gratar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gratar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of gratar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-grate-es-verb-FeShArNq",
"links": [
[
"gratar",
"gratar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of gratar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grot",
"4": "grote"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grote",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grote.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "grate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"groat (old coin)"
],
"id": "en-grate-yol-noun-dcFfWUxL",
"links": [
[
"groat",
"groat"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾɔːt/"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fire grate"
},
{
"word": "fire-grate"
},
{
"word": "register grate"
},
{
"word": "rocking grate"
},
{
"word": "step grate"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grate",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "grāta"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin grāta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "grata"
},
"expansion": "Italian grata",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cratis"
},
"expansion": "Latin cratis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grate, from a Medieval Latin grāta, from a Latin word for a hurdle; or Italian grata, from Latin cratis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grates",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (plural grates)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The grate stopped the sheep from escaping from their field.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horizontal metal grill through which liquid, ash, or small objects can fall, while larger objects cannot."
],
"links": [
[
"horizontal",
"horizontal"
],
[
"grill",
"grill"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A frame or bed, or kind of basket, of iron bars, for holding fuel while burning."
],
"links": [
[
"fuel",
"fuel"
],
[
"burn",
"burn"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1969, Herbert Walter Macklin, Monumental Brasses",
"text": "Lances (only shown at Stoke D'Abernon) were commonly made of ash, about 13 feet long. A ring of metal (grate or grapper) was fastened to the shaft and during a fight[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1980, The Encyclopedia Americana, volume 16, page 683",
"text": "[…] and a heavy metal ring, called the grate or graper, fastened to the shaft below the grip. The grate rested against the knight's breastplate and relieved the hand and arm of the full shock of contact. The metallic head (or socket) of the war lance was usually leaf shaped, while that of the tilting lance, at least from[…]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grapper, a metal ring on a lance behind the grip."
],
"links": [
[
"grapper",
"grapper"
],
[
"lance",
"lance"
],
[
"grip",
"grip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A grapper, a metal ring on a lance behind the grip."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grill"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skára",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ска́ра"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rešétka",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реше́тка"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "morrió"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "爐架"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lújià",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "炉架"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìzi",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "箅子"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rooster"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "ritilä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "under fire",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "arina"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rost"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gitter"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "hao hakahaka"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "hao manamana"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "rács"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "rácsozat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "rostély"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "grata"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "cancellī"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "clāthrī"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "mātiti"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Hieet"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "krata"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "grade"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rešótka",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "решётка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sétka",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "се́тка"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"english": "at fireplace",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cliath-theine"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rejilla"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "horizontal metal grill",
"word": "ızgara"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skara",
"sense": "frame or bed for holding fuel",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "скара"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grate"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grate",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "grāta"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin grāta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "grata"
},
"expansion": "Italian grata",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cratis"
},
"expansion": "Latin cratis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grate, from a Medieval Latin grāta, from a Latin word for a hurdle; or Italian grata, from Latin cratis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (third-person singular simple present grates, present participle grating, simple past and past participle grated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to grate a window",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish with grates; to protect with a grating or crossbars."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To furnish with grates; to protect with a grating or crossbars."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Maori translations",
"Requests for review of Norman translations",
"Requests for review of Portuguese translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Swahili translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grater"
},
{
"word": "grate upon"
},
{
"word": "grating"
},
{
"word": "gratings"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "graten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English graten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "grater",
"t": "to scrape"
},
"expansion": "Old French grater (“to scrape”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gratter"
},
"expansion": "French gratter",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krattōn"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krattōn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krattōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krattōną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "krazzon"
},
"expansion": "Old High German krazzon",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kratzen",
"t": "to scrawl"
},
"expansion": "German kratzen (“to scrawl”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kradse"
},
"expansion": "Danish kradse",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krassa",
"t": "to scrawl"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krassa (“to scrawl”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kratte"
},
"expansion": "Danish kratte",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English graten, from Old French grater (“to scrape”) ( > French gratter), from Frankish *krattōn, from Proto-Germanic *krattōną. Cognate with Old High German krazzon ( > German kratzen (“to scrawl”) > Danish kradse), Icelandic krassa (“to scrawl”) and Danish kratte.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (third-person singular simple present grates, present participle grating, simple past and past participle grated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Cooking"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I need to grate the cheese before the potato is cooked.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shred (things, usually foodstuffs), by rubbing across a grater."
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"shred",
"shred"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"grater",
"grater"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, cooking) To shred (things, usually foodstuffs), by rubbing across a grater."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1856, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part 3 Chapter X, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling\nThe gate suddenly grated. It was Lestiboudois; he came to fetch his spade, that he had forgotten. He recognised Justin climbing over the wall, and at last knew who was the culprit who stole his potatoes."
},
{
"text": "Listening to his teeth grate all day long drives me mad.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The chalk grated against the board.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make an unpleasant rasping sound, often as the result of rubbing against something."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To make an unpleasant rasping sound, often as the result of rubbing against something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She’s nice enough, but she can begin to grate if there is no-one else to talk to.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To get on one's nerves; to irritate, annoy."
],
"links": [
[
"get on one's nerves",
"get on one's nerves"
],
[
"irritate",
"irritate"
],
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, intransitive) To get on one's nerves; to irritate, annoy."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2015, Art Levy in Florida Trend, Roland Martin is a Florida 'Icon'\none of the issues that's kind of grating me a little bit is weed control."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To annoy."
],
"links": [
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, transitive) To annoy."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rasper"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bašar",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "بَشَر"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "sürtmək"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qırıw",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "ҡырыу"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stǎrža",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "стържа"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nastǎrgvam",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "настъргвам"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rive"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "raspen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "malen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "raspi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "raastaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "râper"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "reiben"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "trívo",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "τρίβω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "reszel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "lereszel"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "törkätä"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "grattuggiare"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "tarkuoti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "pākēkē"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "pakepakē"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "waru"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "roroi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "waruwaru"
},
{
"code": "gun",
"lang": "Mbyá Guaraní",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "kyty"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rive"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "raspe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "ralar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rade"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "terétʹ",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тере́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "natirátʹ",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "натира́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naterétʹ",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "натере́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rallar"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "kuna"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "riva"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "rendelemek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "térty",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "те́рти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "natyráty",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "натира́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "natérty",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "нате́рти"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tseraybn",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "צערײַבן"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "raybn",
"sense": "cooking: to shred by rubbing",
"word": "רײַבן"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skǎrcam",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "скърцам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "narskua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "narista"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "kitistä"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "csikorog"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "nyikorog"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "stridere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "ngākeke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "tiotio"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "pakakū"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "rechinar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make an unpleasant rasping sound",
"word": "gnissla"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "draznja",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "дразня"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "op de zenuwen werken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "irriteren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "vervelen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "raastaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "ärsyttää"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to grate on one's nerves, irritate",
"word": "kuna"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "grātus",
"t": "agreeable"
},
"expansion": "Latin grātus (“agreeable”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin grātus (“agreeable”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more grate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most grate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (comparative more grate, superlative most grate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1677, Sir Thomas Herbert, Some Yeares Travels into Africa and Asia the Great",
"text": "Coho or Coffee[…]however ingrate or insapory it seems at first, it becomes grate and delicious enough by custom.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Serving to gratify; agreeable."
],
"links": [
[
"gratify",
"gratify"
],
[
"agreeable",
"agreeable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Serving to gratify; agreeable."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt",
"Rhymes:English/eɪt/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"forms": [
{
"form": "more grate",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most grate",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grate (comparative more grate, superlative most grate)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "great"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "c. 1815, Mary Woody, A true account of Nayomy Wise\nHe promisd her a grate reward"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of great"
],
"links": [
[
"great",
"great#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹeɪt/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪt"
},
{
"homophone": "great"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-grate.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg/En-us-grate.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/En-us-grate.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "grāt"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "adjective form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "grate f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grà‧te"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian adjective forms",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Italian/ate",
"Rhymes:Italian/ate/2 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grato"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of grato"
],
"links": [
[
"grato",
"grato#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡra.te/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ate"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adverbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "grātus",
"t": "agreeable"
},
"expansion": "grātus (“agreeable”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grātus (“agreeable”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grātē",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "grātius",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "grātissimē",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grātē"
},
"expansion": "grātē (comparative grātius, superlative grātissimē)",
"name": "la-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"word": "grātia"
},
{
"word": "grātificor"
},
{
"word": "grātificātiō"
},
{
"word": "grātiīs"
},
{
"word": "grātiōsus"
},
{
"word": "grātor"
},
{
"word": "grātulor"
},
{
"word": "grātulātiō"
},
{
"word": "grātus"
},
{
"word": "grātuītus"
},
{
"word": "grātēs"
},
{
"word": "grātīs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gladly, willingly"
],
"links": [
[
"gladly",
"gladly"
],
[
"willingly",
"willingly"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"gratefully, thankfully"
],
"links": [
[
"gratefully",
"gratefully"
],
[
"thankfully",
"thankfully"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡraː.teː/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡräːt̪eː]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡra.te/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡräːt̪e]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"categories": [
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "grate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gratar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of gratar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"gratar",
"gratar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of gratar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gratar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of gratar:\n## first/third-person singular present subjunctive\n## third-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"gratar",
"gratar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of gratar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grot",
"4": "grote"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grote",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grote.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "grate",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"Yola lemmas",
"Yola nouns",
"Yola terms derived from Middle English",
"Yola terms inherited from Middle English",
"Yola terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"groat (old coin)"
],
"links": [
[
"groat",
"groat"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɾɔːt/"
}
],
"word": "grate"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.