See persecute on Wiktionary
{
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"id": "follow"
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"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "persécuter"
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"expansion": "Middle French persécuter",
"name": "bor"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "EL.",
"3": "persecutor"
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"expansion": "Ecclesiastical Latin persecutor",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "persequor",
"4": "persequor, persecutus",
"5": "follow up, pursue"
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"expansion": "Latin persequor, persecutus (“follow up, pursue”)",
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"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French persécuter, from Ecclesiastical Latin persecutor, from Latin persequor, persecutus (“follow up, pursue”), from per- (“through”) + sequor (“follow”) (English sequel). Compare prosecute. Cf. also pursue.",
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"form": "persecutes",
"tags": [
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"singular",
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{
"form": "persecuting",
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"present"
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{
"form": "persecuted",
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{
"form": "persecute",
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"expansion": "persecute (third-person singular simple present persecutes, present participle persecuting, simple past and past participle persecuted)",
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"stem": "persecut"
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"pos": "verb",
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"word": "persecution"
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"examples": [
{
"text": "He who persecutes one will persecute all.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1563 March 30 (Gregorian calendar), John Foxe, Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes, […], London: […] Iohn Day, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "I have heard, brethren, how sharply Antichrist persecuteth you, in vexing the faithful servants of Christ with divers and strange kinds of afflictions.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 5:44:",
"text": "\"Do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pursue in a manner to do harm or cruelty to; especially, because of the victim's race, sexual identity, or adherence to a particular belief."
],
"id": "en-persecute-en-verb-B0hT-3kx",
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "58 37 4",
"sense": "beset with cruelty",
"word": "oppress"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 37 4",
"sense": "beset with cruelty",
"word": "harass"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 37 4",
"sense": "beset with cruelty",
"word": "distress"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iḍṭahada",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "اِضْطَهَدَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "halacel",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "հալածել"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "təqib etmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "incitmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "prasljédavacʹ",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прасле́даваць"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "preslédvam",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пресле́двам"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "potískam",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "поти́скам"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "perseguir"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pòhài",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "迫害"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "perzekvovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "forfølge"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "vervolgen"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "persekuti"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "taga kiusama"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "vainota"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "sortaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "persécuter"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "verfolgen"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "schikanieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "bedrängen"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "peinigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "wrikan",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parenochló",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "παρενοχλώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dióko",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "διώκω"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "diṓkō",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "διώκω"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "pèsekite"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "üldöz"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "menganiaya"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "déan géarleanúint ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "perseguitare"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"alt": "はくがいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakugai suru",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "迫害する"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pipbakhada",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "핍박하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "khom heng",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ຂົ່ມເຫັງ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "vajāt"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "persekioti"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "progonuva",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прогонува"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "progoni",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "прогони"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "nod",
"lang": "Northern Thai",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ᨣᩕ᩵ᩣᩴ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "forfølge"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ta'qib kardan",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "تعقیب کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prześladować"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "perseguir"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "a persecuta"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "preslédovatʹ",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пресле́довать"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podvergátʹ gonénijam",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "подверга́ть гоне́ниям"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прого̀нити"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прога́њати"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "progòniti"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "progánjati"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "nīk tsāak",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ၼိၵ်ႈၸၢၵ်ႈ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "ngén sáae",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ငႅၼ်းသႄး"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "perzekvovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prenasledovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "preganjati"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zasledovati"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "perseguir"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "cazar"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "proseguir"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "kuudhi"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "förfölja"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "blt",
"lang": "Tai Dam",
"roman": "ꞌnạp têng",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ꪙꪚꪾꪹꪔꪸꪉ"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kòm-hěeng",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ข่มเหง"
},
{
"_dis1": "77 19 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pereslíduvaty",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "переслі́дувати"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To harass with importunity; to pursue with persistent solicitations; to annoy."
],
"id": "en-persecute-en-verb-aWnFOA3m",
"links": [
[
"harass",
"harass"
],
[
"importunity",
"importunity"
],
[
"solicitation",
"solicitation"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "10 90 0",
"sense": "annoy",
"word": "annoy"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dosáždam",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "доса́ждам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "ahdistella"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "riivata"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "plagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "belästigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "drangsalieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "haschen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kāḍu",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "ಕಾಡು"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "hawene"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "perseguir"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dokučátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "докуча́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nadojedátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "надоеда́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "donimátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "донима́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dosaždátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "досажда́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dostavátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "достава́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прого̀нити"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прога́њати"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "progòniti"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "progánjati"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 97 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "importunar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Humans have been persecuting wolves in this forest for centuries.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kill many of one species of animal, with the intent of removing them from human habitats."
],
"id": "en-persecute-en-verb-EWmfnTfE",
"links": [
[
"species",
"species"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɝsəkjut/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɜːsɪkjuːt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-persecute.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-persecute.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-persecute.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "persecute"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "persecūte",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "participle form",
"head": "persecūte"
},
"expansion": "persecūte",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "persecūtus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative masculine singular of persecūtus"
],
"id": "en-persecute-la-verb-G7FEsoNb",
"links": [
[
"persecūtus",
"persecutus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/per.seˈkuː.te/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pɛrs̠ɛˈkuːt̪ɛ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/per.seˈku.te/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[perseˈkuːt̪e]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "persecute"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Ecclesiastical Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sekʷ- (follow)",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Haitian Creole translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Northern Thai translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Shan translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tai Dam translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "follow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "persécuter"
},
"expansion": "Middle French persécuter",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "EL.",
"3": "persecutor"
},
"expansion": "Ecclesiastical Latin persecutor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "persequor",
"4": "persequor, persecutus",
"5": "follow up, pursue"
},
"expansion": "Latin persequor, persecutus (“follow up, pursue”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "per",
"3": "sequor",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "through",
"t2": "follow"
},
"expansion": "per- (“through”) + sequor (“follow”)",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French persécuter, from Ecclesiastical Latin persecutor, from Latin persequor, persecutus (“follow up, pursue”), from per- (“through”) + sequor (“follow”) (English sequel). Compare prosecute. Cf. also pursue.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "persecutes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "persecuting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "persecuted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "persecuted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "persecute",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "persecute (third-person singular simple present persecutes, present participle persecuting, simple past and past participle persecuted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "persecut"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "persecution"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He who persecutes one will persecute all.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1563 March 30 (Gregorian calendar), John Foxe, Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes, […], London: […] Iohn Day, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "I have heard, brethren, how sharply Antichrist persecuteth you, in vexing the faithful servants of Christ with divers and strange kinds of afflictions.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 5:44:",
"text": "\"Do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and persecute you.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pursue in a manner to do harm or cruelty to; especially, because of the victim's race, sexual identity, or adherence to a particular belief."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To harass with importunity; to pursue with persistent solicitations; to annoy."
],
"links": [
[
"harass",
"harass"
],
[
"importunity",
"importunity"
],
[
"solicitation",
"solicitation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Humans have been persecuting wolves in this forest for centuries.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kill many of one species of animal, with the intent of removing them from human habitats."
],
"links": [
[
"species",
"species"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɝsəkjut/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɜːsɪkjuːt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-persecute.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-persecute.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-M%C3%A9lange_a_trois-persecute.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "beset with cruelty",
"word": "oppress"
},
{
"sense": "beset with cruelty",
"word": "harass"
},
{
"sense": "beset with cruelty",
"word": "distress"
},
{
"sense": "annoy",
"word": "annoy"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iḍṭahada",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "اِضْطَهَدَ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "halacel",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "հալածել"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "təqib etmək"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "incitmək"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "prasljédavacʹ",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прасле́даваць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "preslédvam",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пресле́двам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "potískam",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "поти́скам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "perseguir"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pòhài",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "迫害"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "perzekvovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "forfølge"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "vervolgen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "persekuti"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "taga kiusama"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "vainota"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "sortaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "persécuter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "verfolgen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "schikanieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "bedrängen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "peinigen"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "wrikan",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "𐍅𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "parenochló",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "παρενοχλώ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dióko",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "διώκω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "diṓkō",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "διώκω"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "pèsekite"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "üldöz"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "menganiaya"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "déan géarleanúint ar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "perseguitare"
},
{
"alt": "はくがいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hakugai suru",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "迫害する"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pipbakhada",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "핍박하다"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "khom heng",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ຂົ່ມເຫັງ"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "vajāt"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "persekioti"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "progonuva",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прогонува"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "progoni",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "прогони"
},
{
"code": "nod",
"lang": "Northern Thai",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ᨣᩕ᩵ᩣᩴ"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "forfølge"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ta'qib kardan",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "تعقیب کردن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prześladować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "perseguir"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "a persecuta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "preslédovatʹ",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пресле́довать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podvergátʹ gonénijam",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "подверга́ть гоне́ниям"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прого̀нити"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прога́њати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "progòniti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "progánjati"
},
{
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "nīk tsāak",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ၼိၵ်ႈၸၢၵ်ႈ"
},
{
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "ngén sáae",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ငႅၼ်းသႄး"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "perzekvovať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prenasledovať"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "preganjati"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zasledovati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "perseguir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "cazar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "proseguir"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "kuudhi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "förfölja"
},
{
"code": "blt",
"lang": "Tai Dam",
"roman": "ꞌnạp têng",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ꪙꪚꪾꪹꪔꪸꪉ"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kòm-hěeng",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"word": "ข่มเหง"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pereslíduvaty",
"sense": "to pursue in a manner to injure, grieve, or afflict",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "переслі́дувати"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dosáždam",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "доса́ждам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "ahdistella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "riivata"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "plagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "belästigen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "drangsalieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "haschen"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kāḍu",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "ಕಾಡು"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "hawene"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "perseguir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dokučátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "докуча́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nadojedátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "надоеда́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "donimátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "донима́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dosaždátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "досажда́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dostavátʹ",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "достава́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прого̀нити"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прога́њати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "progòniti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "progánjati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to harass with importunity",
"word": "importunar"
}
],
"word": "persecute"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "persecūte",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "participle form",
"head": "persecūte"
},
"expansion": "persecūte",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 4-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin participle forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "persecūtus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative masculine singular of persecūtus"
],
"links": [
[
"persecūtus",
"persecutus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/per.seˈkuː.te/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pɛrs̠ɛˈkuːt̪ɛ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/per.seˈku.te/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[perseˈkuːt̪e]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "persecute"
}
Download raw JSONL data for persecute meaning in All languages combined (18.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.