"故" meaning in Chinese

See in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

IPA: /ku⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kuː³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ku⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /ku⁵³/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /ku⁴⁵/ [Jin, Sinological-IPA, Taiyuan], /ku³³/ [Jian'ou, Sinological-IPA], /kou²¹³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /kɔ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Jinjiang, Quanzhou], /kɔ¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kɔ²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /ku²¹³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /ku¹¹/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /ku⁵¹/, /kuː³³/, /ku⁵⁵/, /ku⁵³/, /ku⁴⁵/, /ku³³/, /kou²¹³/, /kɔ⁴¹/, /kɔ¹¹/, /kɔ²¹/, /ku²¹³/, /ku¹¹/, /ku³⁴/ Chinese transliterations: gù [Mandarin, Pinyin], gu⁴ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄍㄨˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gu³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], ku [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], gu⁴ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], gu³ [Jin, Wiktionary-specific], gu̿, gó, kò͘ [Hokkien, POJ], gu³ [Peng'im, Teochew], gu⁷ [Peng'im, Teochew], ⁵ku, gù [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], gù [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], ku⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], gù [Mandarin, Yale], guh [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], гу [Mandarin, Palladius], gu [Mandarin, Palladius], gu [Cantonese, Yale], gu³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gu³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], ku [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], gu [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], gu⁴ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], gu³ [Jin, Taiyuan, Wiktionary-specific], gu̿ [Jian'ou, Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized], gó [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], kòo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kox [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kù [POJ, Teochew], kū [POJ, Teochew], ⁵ku [Wu], ku^去 [Wu], ²ku [Wu], /ku³⁴/ [Wu], kuH [Middle-Chinese], /*kˤa(ʔ)-s/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*kˤaʔ-s/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*kaːs/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Derivative of 古 (OC *kaːʔ, “old”). The sense “cause, reason” may be related to (“thing or person of former times”), or the same word as 固 (OC *kaːs, “solid, secure, sure”) (Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989). Etymology templates: {{och-l|古|old}} 古 (OC *kaːʔ, “old”), {{och-l|固|solid, secure, sure}} 固 (OC *kaːs, “solid, secure, sure”), {{zh-ref|Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989}} Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989 Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 故
  1. old; of the past
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-FPrLV0U7
  2. cause; reason
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-lUKsdzIU
  3. accident; misfortune; unexpected event
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-i26ZINRt
  4. past things; antiquity
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-okN6ih~c
  5. old friend; good friend; close friend
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-COC4u20A
  6. to die; to pass away
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-pJnL0dLq
  7. deceased; dead
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-X0e9ZXZG
  8. formerly; originally
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-dhF~7Zfq
  9. intentionally; deliberately
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-SGB3E5vX Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 3 15 1 6 4 12 4 0 52 0 0 4
  10. still; as before
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-1MIPMWnk
  11. therefore; so
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-68MVnl8r
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Synonyms: 下世 (xiàshì) [formal], 上天 (shàngtiān) [euphemistic], 上路 (shànglù) [euphemistic], 不在 (bùzài) [euphemistic], 不幸 (bùxìng) [Classical-Chinese, euphemistic], , 亡故 (wánggù) [literary], 仙逝 (xiānshì) [euphemistic], 仙遊 (xiānyóu) [euphemistic], 仙游 (xiānyóu) [euphemistic], 作古 (zuògǔ) [euphemistic, literary], 做鬼 (zuòguǐ) [colloquial], 傾世 (qīngshì) [literary], 倾世 (qīngshì) [literary], 傾亡 (qīngwáng) [literary], 倾亡 (qīngwáng) [literary], 入寂 (rùjì) (english: of Buddhist monks) [Buddhism, religion, lifestyle], 凋謝 (diāoxiè) (english: to die of old age), 凋谢 (diāoxiè) (english: to die of old age), 化去 (huàqù) [euphemistic], 升天 (shēngtiān) [euphemistic], 即世 (jíshì) [literary], 去世 (qùshì), 合眼 (héyǎn) [euphemistic], 喪亡 (sàngwáng) [literary], 丧亡 (sàngwáng) [literary], 喪命 (sàngmìng) [euphemistic], 丧命 (sàngmìng) [euphemistic], 喪生 (sàngshēng) [euphemistic], 丧生 (sàngshēng) [euphemistic], 嗚呼 (wūhū) [euphemistic], 呜呼 (wūhū) [euphemistic], 嗝屁 (gěpì) [Mandarin, derogatory, vulgar], 嚥氣 (yànqì) [colloquial], 咽气 (yànqì) [colloquial], 回老家 (huí lǎojiā) [euphemistic, humorous], 圓寂 (yuánjì) (english: of Buddhist monks or nuns), 圆寂 (yuánjì) (english: of Buddhist monks or nuns), 壽終正寢 (shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn) [euphemistic], 寿终正寝 (shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn) [euphemistic], 安息 (ānxī) [euphemistic], 安眠 (ānmián) [euphemistic], 小喇叭兒吹了 (xiǎo lǎbār chuī le) [Beijing, Mandarin], 小喇叭儿吹了 (xiǎo lǎbār chuī le) [Beijing, Mandarin], 就義 (jiùyì) (english: to die a martyr), 就义 (jiùyì) (english: to die a martyr), (bēng) (english: of a king, emperor, monarch) [usually], 崩殂 (bēngcú) (english: of a king, emperor, monarch) [Classical, usually], 往生 (wǎngshēng) [euphemistic], 忽然 (hūrán) [Classical-Chinese, euphemistic], (guà) [humorous, slang], (guà) [humorous, slang], 故世 (gùshì) (english: chiefly of one's elders) [euphemistic], 故去 (gùqù) (english: chiefly of one's elders) [euphemistic], 斃命 (bìmìng) [pejorative], 毙命 (bìmìng) [pejorative], 早死 (zǎosǐ), 晏駕 (yànjià) (english: of a king, emperor, monarch) [usually], 晏驾 (yànjià) (english: of a king, emperor, monarch) [usually], 枯死 (kūsǐ) [figuratively, literary], 棄世 (qìshì) [literary], 弃世 (qìshì) [literary], 歸天 (guītiān) [euphemistic], 归天 (guītiān) [euphemistic], 歸西 (guīxī) [euphemistic], 归西 (guīxī) [euphemistic], 歸道山 (guī dàoshān) [euphemistic, literary], 归道山 (guī dàoshān) [euphemistic, literary], (sǐ), 死亡 (sǐwáng) [formal], 死人 (sǐrén), 死去 (sǐqù) [informal], 死掉 (sǐdiào) [informal], 死翹翹 (sǐqiàoqiào) [humorous, informal], 死翘翘 (sǐqiàoqiào) [humorous, informal], 死脫 [Wu], 死脱 (2xi-theq) [Wu], (yǔn) [archaic], (yǔn) [archaic], 氣絕 (qìjué) [literary], 气绝 (qìjué) [literary], 永眠 (yǒngmián) [euphemistic, honorific], 沒世 (mòshì) [literary], 没世 (mòshì) [literary], 沉眠 (chénmián) [euphemistic], 消忒 [Hakka, euphemistic], 物化 (wùhuà) [literary], 畢命 (bìmìng) [euphemistic, formal], 毕命 (bìmìng) [euphemistic, formal], 病亡 (bìngwáng) (english: to die of illness), 病故 (bìnggù) (english: to die of illness), 病死 (bìngsǐ) (english: to die of illness), 病逝 (bìngshì) (english: to die of illness), 百年歸老 (bǎiniánguīlǎo) (english: of the elderly) [euphemistic], 百年归老 (bǎiniánguīlǎo) (english: of the elderly) [euphemistic], 盡命 (jìnmìng) [euphemistic, literary], 尽命 (jìnmìng) [euphemistic, literary], (zhōng) [euphemistic, in-compounds, literary], (zhōng) [euphemistic, in-compounds, literary], (jué) [in-compounds, literary], (jué) [in-compounds, literary], 翹辮子 (qiào biànzi) [humorous, informal], 翘辫子 (qiào biànzi) [humorous, informal], 老了 (lǎo le) (english: of the elderly) [euphemistic], 蒙主寵召 (méngzhǔchǒngzhào) [euphemistic], 蒙主宠召 (méngzhǔchǒngzhào) [euphemistic], (hōng) (english: of feudal lords or high officials) [Classical-Chinese], 薨逝 (hōngshì) (english: of feudal lords), 被難 (bèinàn) (english: to be killed in a disaster, political incident) [usually], 被难 (bèinàn) (english: to be killed in a disaster, political incident) [usually], 見背 (jiànbèi) (english: of one's parents or elders) [literary], 见背 (jiànbèi) (english: of one's parents or elders) [literary], 見閻王 (jiàn Yánwáng) [figuratively], 见阎王 (jiàn Yánwáng) [figuratively], 賓天 (bīntiān) (english: of a king, emperor, monarch) [usually], 宾天 (bīntiān) (english: of a king, emperor, monarch) [usually], (zǒu) [euphemistic], 走去踮 [Hokkien, euphemistic], 身亡 (shēnwáng) [formal, usually], 辭世 (císhì) [literary], 辞世 (císhì) [literary], 逝世 (shìshì), 進棺材 (jìn guāncái), 进棺材 (jìn guāncái), 過世 (guòshì), 过世 (guòshì), 過去 (guòqù) [euphemistic], 过去 (guòqù) [euphemistic], 過往 [Hokkien, Teochew, euphemistic], 过往 [Hokkien, Teochew, euphemistic], 過身 (guòshēn) [literary], 过身 (guòshēn) [literary], 過面 [Hokkien], 过面 [Hokkien], 長山賣鴨卵 [Hakka, euphemistic], 长山卖鸭卵 [Hakka, euphemistic], 長眠 (chángmián) [euphemistic, honorific], 长眠 (chángmián) [euphemistic, honorific], 閉眼 (bìyǎn) [euphemistic], 闭眼 (bìyǎn) [euphemistic], 隕落 (yǔnluò) [euphemistic], 陨落 (yǔnluò) [euphemistic], 離世 (líshì) [euphemistic], 离世 (líshì) [euphemistic], 駕崩 (jiàbēng) (english: of a king, emperor, monarch) [usually], 驾崩 (jiàbēng) (english: of a king, emperor, monarch) [usually], 駕鶴西去 (jiàhèxīqù) [euphemistic], 驾鹤西去 (jiàhèxīqù) [euphemistic], 駕鶴西遊 (jiàhèxīyóu) [euphemistic], 驾鹤西游 (jiàhèxīyóu) [euphemistic], 龍馭上賓 (lóngyùshàngbīn) (english: of an emperor), 龙驭上宾 (lóngyùshàngbīn) (english: of an emperor), 乃末 (Shanghainese), 以故 (yǐgù) [Classical-Chinese], 以是 (yǐshì) [Classical-Chinese], 因此 (yīncǐ), 因而 (yīn'ér), 從而 (cóng'ér), 从而 (cóng'ér), 所以, 故此 (gùcǐ), 故而 (gù'ér), 於是 (yúshì), 于是 (yúshì), 於是乎 (yúshìhū) [literary], 于是乎 (yúshìhū) [literary], 是以 (shìyǐ) [literary], 是故 (shìgù) [literary], 此以 (cǐyǐ) [literary], 為此 (wèicǐ), 为此 (wèicǐ) Derived forms: 一見如故 (yījiànrúgù), 一见如故 (yījiànrúgù), 不主故常, 不知何故, 不解其故, 世故 (shìgù), 九故十親, 九故十亲, 事故 (shìgù), 亡故 (wánggù), 交通事故 (jiāotōng shìgù), 人情世故 (rénqíngshìgù), 他故, 何故 (hégù), 依然如故, 依然故我, 借故 (jiègù), 傳奇故事, 传奇故事, 典故 (diǎngù), 出故典, 則故, 则故, 北平故宮, 北平故宫, 十親九故, 十亲九故, 原故 (yuángù), 吐故納新 (tǔgùnàxīn), 吐故纳新 (tǔgùnàxīn), 喜新厭故, 喜新厌故, 國故 (guógù), 国故 (guógù), 多故, 大故, 天下多故, 奉行故事, 如故 (rúgù), 姻故, 安堵如故, 小故, 巧故, 已故 (yǐgù), 平白無故 (píngbáiwúgù), 平白无故 (píngbáiwúgù), 并州故鄉, 并州故乡, 循常習故, 循常习故, 意故, 慈故能勇, 扮故事, 持之有故 (chízhīyǒugù), 按堵如故, 指親托故, 指亲托故, 掌故 (zhǎnggù), 推故, 故世 (gùshì), 故且 (gùqiě), 故主, 故事, 故事書 (gùshishū), 故事书 (gùshishū), 故事片, 故事詩, 故事诗, 故交 (gùjiāo), 故人 (gùrén), 故以, 故伎重演, 故侯, 故侯瓜, 故入, 故典, 故出, 故劍 (gùjiàn), 故剑 (gùjiàn), 故劍情深, 故剑情深, 故去 (gùqù), 故友 (gùyǒu), 故吏 (gùlì), 故吾, 故國 (gùguó), 故国 (gùguó), 故園 (gùyuán), 故园 (gùyuán), 故園心眼, 故园心眼, 故土 (gùtǔ), 故土難移, 故土难移, 故地 (gùdì), 故址 (gùzhǐ), 故城 (gùchéng), 故壘, 故垒, 故夫, 故失, 故套, 故宅, 故宇, 故家, 故宮 (gùgōng), 故宫 (gùgōng), 故家喬木, 故家乔木, 故家子, 故家子弟, 故宮禾黍, 故宫禾黍, 故家遺俗, 故家遗俗, 故實, 故实, 故將軍, 故将军, 故居 (gùjū), 故山, 故常, 故弄玄虛 (gùnòngxuánxū), 故弄玄虚 (gùnòngxuánxū), 故意 (gùyì), 故態, 故态, 故態復萌 (gùtàifùméng), 故态复萌 (gùtàifùméng), 故我, 故所 (gùsuǒ), 故技 (gùjì), 故技重施 (gùjìchóngshī), 故故, 故故由兒, 故故由儿, 故智, 故書, 故书, 故有, 故林, 故歇, 故此 (gùcǐ), 故步, 故步自封 (gùbùzìfēng), 故殺 (gùshā), 故杀 (gùshā), 故淹珠玉, 故物, 故犯 (gùfàn), 故生枝節, 故生枝节, 故當, 故当, 故疏, 故知 (gùzhī), 故紙, 故纸, 故紙堆 (gùzhǐduī), 故纸堆 (gùzhǐduī), 故絮, 故縣 (Gùxiàn), 故县 (Gùxiàn), 故縱, 故纵, 故老, 故而 (gù'ér), 故自, 故自傷殘, 故自伤残, 故舊 (gùjiù), 故旧 (gùjiù), 故舊不棄 (gùjiùbùqì), 故旧不弃 (gùjiùbùqì), 故舍, 故記, 故记, 故轍, 故辙, 故退, 故道 (gùdào), 故都 (gùdū), 故鄉 (gùxiāng), 故乡 (gùxiāng), 故里 (gùlǐ), 故障 (gùzhàng), 敷衍故事, 明知故問 (míngzhīgùwèn), 明知故问 (míngzhīgùwèn), 明知故犯 (míngzhīgùfàn), 是故 (shìgù), 更故, 有故, 欲擒故縱 (yùqíngùzòng), 欲擒故纵 (yùqíngùzòng), 毛舉細故, 毛举细故, 江山如故, 沒緣沒故, 没缘没故, 沾親帶故, 沾亲带故, 溫故知新 (wēngùzhīxīn), 温故知新 (wēngùzhīxīn), 滌故更新, 涤故更新, 漢武故事, 汉武故事, 無故 (wúgù), 无故 (wúgù), 無緣無故 (wúyuánwúgù), 无缘无故 (wúyuánwúgù), 物故, 特故, 狂奴故態, 狂奴故态, 班荊道故, 班荆道故, 病故 (bìnggù), 白憑無故, 白凭无故, 皮故, 確定故意, 确定故意, 細故 (xìgù), 细故 (xìgù), 緣故 (yuángù), 缘故 (yuángù), 羌無故實, 羌无故实, 義故, 义故, 習故守常, 习故守常, 老於世故, 老于世故, 自我作故, 舊故 (jiùgù), 旧故 (jiùgù), 蒙故業, 蒙故业, 薄物細故 (bówùxìgù), 薄物细故 (bówùxìgù), 藉故 (jiègù), 虛應故事, 虚应故事, 衣錦故鄉, 衣锦故乡, 襲人故智, 袭人故智, 親故 (qīngù), 亲故 (qīngù), 解故, 託故 (tuōgù), 托故 (tuōgù), 詐故, 诈故, 詭故, 诡故, 變故 (biàngù), 变故 (biàngù), 變故易常, 变故易常, 責任事故, 责任事故, 蹈常襲故 (dǎochángxígù), 蹈常袭故 (dǎochángxígù), 蹈襲故常 (dǎoxígùcháng), 蹈袭故常 (dǎoxígùcháng), 身故, 迎新送故, 送故, 退故, 送故迎新, 道故, 鄉故, 乡故, 釁故, 衅故, 鑽故紙, 钻故纸, 門生故吏 (ménshēng gùlì), 门生故吏 (ménshēng gùlì), 雅故, 雖故, 虽故, 非親非故 (fēiqīnfēigù), 非亲非故 (fēiqīnfēigù), 革故鼎新, 風月故事, 风月故事, 飽經世故, 饱经世故, 高朋故戚, 鬼故事, 鼎新革故

Character

IPA: /kuː³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kuː³⁵/ Chinese transliterations: gu² [Cantonese, Jyutping], gú [Cantonese, Yale], gu² [Cantonese, Pinyin], gu² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization]
Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 故
  1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 古 (gu², “story”) Tags: Cantonese, alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: (extra: gu², “story”)
    Sense id: en-故-zh-character-HePD2g-W Categories (other): Cantonese Chinese
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 故 meaning in Chinese (48.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yījiànrúgù",
      "word": "一見如故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yījiànrúgù",
      "word": "一见如故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不主故常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不知何故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不解其故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shìgù",
      "word": "世故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "九故十親"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "九故十亲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shìgù",
      "word": "事故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wánggù",
      "word": "亡故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiāotōng shìgù",
      "word": "交通事故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "rénqíngshìgù",
      "word": "人情世故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "他故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hégù",
      "word": "何故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "依然如故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "依然故我"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiègù",
      "word": "借故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "傳奇故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "传奇故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "diǎngù",
      "word": "典故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "出故典"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "則故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "则故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "北平故宮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "北平故宫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "十親九故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "十亲九故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yuángù",
      "word": "原故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tǔgùnàxīn",
      "word": "吐故納新"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tǔgùnàxīn",
      "word": "吐故纳新"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "喜新厭故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "喜新厌故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guógù",
      "word": "國故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guógù",
      "word": "国故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "多故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "大故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "天下多故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "奉行故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "rúgù",
      "word": "如故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "姻故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "安堵如故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "小故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "巧故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǐgù",
      "word": "已故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "píngbáiwúgù",
      "word": "平白無故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "píngbáiwúgù",
      "word": "平白无故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "并州故鄉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "并州故乡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "循常習故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "循常习故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "意故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "慈故能勇"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "扮故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chízhīyǒugù",
      "word": "持之有故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "按堵如故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "指親托故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "指亲托故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhǎnggù",
      "word": "掌故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "推故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùshì",
      "word": "故世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùqiě",
      "word": "故且"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故主"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùshishū",
      "word": "故事書"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùshishū",
      "word": "故事书"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故事片"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故事詩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故事诗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjiāo",
      "word": "故交"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùrén",
      "word": "故人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故以"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故伎重演"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故侯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故侯瓜"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故入"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故典"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故出"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjiàn",
      "word": "故劍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjiàn",
      "word": "故剑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故劍情深"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故剑情深"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùqù",
      "word": "故去"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùyǒu",
      "word": "故友"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùlì",
      "word": "故吏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故吾"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùguó",
      "word": "故國"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùguó",
      "word": "故国"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùyuán",
      "word": "故園"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùyuán",
      "word": "故园"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故園心眼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故园心眼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùtǔ",
      "word": "故土"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故土難移"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故土难移"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùdì",
      "word": "故地"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùzhǐ",
      "word": "故址"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùchéng",
      "word": "故城"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故壘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故垒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故夫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故失"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故套"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故宅"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故宇"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故家"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùgōng",
      "word": "故宮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùgōng",
      "word": "故宫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故家喬木"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故家乔木"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故家子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故家子弟"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故宮禾黍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故宫禾黍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故家遺俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故家遗俗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故實"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故实"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故將軍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故将军"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjū",
      "word": "故居"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故山"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùnòngxuánxū",
      "word": "故弄玄虛"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùnòngxuánxū",
      "word": "故弄玄虚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùyì",
      "word": "故意"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故態"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故态"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùtàifùméng",
      "word": "故態復萌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùtàifùméng",
      "word": "故态复萌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故我"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùsuǒ",
      "word": "故所"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjì",
      "word": "故技"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjìchóngshī",
      "word": "故技重施"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故故由兒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故故由儿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故智"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故書"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故书"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故有"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故林"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故歇"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùcǐ",
      "word": "故此"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故步"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùbùzìfēng",
      "word": "故步自封"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùshā",
      "word": "故殺"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùshā",
      "word": "故杀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故淹珠玉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故物"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùfàn",
      "word": "故犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故生枝節"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故生枝节"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故當"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故当"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故疏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùzhī",
      "word": "故知"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故紙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故纸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùzhǐduī",
      "word": "故紙堆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùzhǐduī",
      "word": "故纸堆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故絮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Gùxiàn",
      "word": "故縣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Gùxiàn",
      "word": "故县"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故縱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故纵"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故老"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gù'ér",
      "word": "故而"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故自"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故自傷殘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故自伤残"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjiù",
      "word": "故舊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjiù",
      "word": "故旧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjiùbùqì",
      "word": "故舊不棄"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùjiùbùqì",
      "word": "故旧不弃"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故舍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故記"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故记"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故轍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故辙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "故退"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùdào",
      "word": "故道"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùdū",
      "word": "故都"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùxiāng",
      "word": "故鄉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùxiāng",
      "word": "故乡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùlǐ",
      "word": "故里"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùzhàng",
      "word": "故障"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "敷衍故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "míngzhīgùwèn",
      "word": "明知故問"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "míngzhīgùwèn",
      "word": "明知故问"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "míngzhīgùfàn",
      "word": "明知故犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shìgù",
      "word": "是故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "更故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "有故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yùqíngùzòng",
      "word": "欲擒故縱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yùqíngùzòng",
      "word": "欲擒故纵"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "毛舉細故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "毛举细故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "江山如故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "沒緣沒故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "没缘没故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "沾親帶故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "沾亲带故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wēngùzhīxīn",
      "word": "溫故知新"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wēngùzhīxīn",
      "word": "温故知新"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "滌故更新"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "涤故更新"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "漢武故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "汉武故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wúgù",
      "word": "無故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wúgù",
      "word": "无故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wúyuánwúgù",
      "word": "無緣無故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wúyuánwúgù",
      "word": "无缘无故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "物故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "特故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "狂奴故態"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "狂奴故态"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "班荊道故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "班荆道故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìnggù",
      "word": "病故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "白憑無故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "白凭无故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "皮故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "確定故意"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "确定故意"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìgù",
      "word": "細故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìgù",
      "word": "细故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yuángù",
      "word": "緣故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yuángù",
      "word": "缘故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "羌無故實"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "羌无故实"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "義故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "义故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "習故守常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "习故守常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "老於世故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "老于世故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "自我作故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiùgù",
      "word": "舊故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiùgù",
      "word": "旧故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "蒙故業"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "蒙故业"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bówùxìgù",
      "word": "薄物細故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bówùxìgù",
      "word": "薄物细故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiègù",
      "word": "藉故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "虛應故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "虚应故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "衣錦故鄉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "衣锦故乡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "襲人故智"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "袭人故智"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngù",
      "word": "親故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngù",
      "word": "亲故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "解故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tuōgù",
      "word": "託故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tuōgù",
      "word": "托故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "詐故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "诈故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "詭故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "诡故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "biàngù",
      "word": "變故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "biàngù",
      "word": "变故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "變故易常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "变故易常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "責任事故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "责任事故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎochángxígù",
      "word": "蹈常襲故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎochángxígù",
      "word": "蹈常袭故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎoxígùcháng",
      "word": "蹈襲故常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dǎoxígùcháng",
      "word": "蹈袭故常"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "身故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "迎新送故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "送故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "退故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "送故迎新"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "道故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "鄉故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "乡故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "釁故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "衅故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "鑽故紙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "钻故纸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ménshēng gùlì",
      "word": "門生故吏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ménshēng gùlì",
      "word": "门生故吏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "雅故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "雖故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "虽故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fēiqīnfēigù",
      "word": "非親非故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fēiqīnfēigù",
      "word": "非亲非故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "革故鼎新"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "風月故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "风月故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "飽經世故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "饱经世故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "高朋故戚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "鬼故事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "鼎新革故"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "故"
          },
          "expansion": "故",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "故",
            "2": "こ",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "故(こ) (ko)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "고(故)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 고(故) (go)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "故",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "故",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "cố",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "故"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cố (故)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "故",
            "2": "こ",
            "3": "고",
            "4": "cố",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "故",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "故",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "故",
            "v": "故",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (故):\n* → Japanese: 故(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(故) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cố (故)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "こ",
            "3": "고",
            "4": "cố"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (故):\n* → Japanese: 故(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(故) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cố (故)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (故):\n* → Japanese: 故(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(故) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cố (故)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tai-pro",
            "2": "*kawᴮ",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "old"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Tai: *kawᴮ (“old”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Tai: *kawᴮ (“old”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "aho",
            "2": "𑜀𑜧"
          },
          "expansion": "Ahom: 𑜀𑜧 (kaw)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ahom: 𑜀𑜧 (kaw)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lo",
            "2": "ເກົ່າ"
          },
          "expansion": "Lao: ເກົ່າ (kao)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lao: ເກົ່າ (kao)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "khb",
            "2": "ᦂᧁᧈ"
          },
          "expansion": "Lü: ᦂᧁᧈ (k̇aw¹)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lü: ᦂᧁᧈ (k̇aw¹)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "blt",
            "2": "ꪹꪀ꪿ꪱ"
          },
          "expansion": "Tai Dam: ꪹꪀ꪿ꪱ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tai Dam: ꪹꪀ꪿ꪱ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "shn",
            "2": "ၵဝ်ႇ"
          },
          "expansion": "Shan: ၵဝ်ႇ (kào)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shan: ၵဝ်ႇ (kào)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "th",
            "2": "เก่า"
          },
          "expansion": "Thai: เก่า (gào)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Thai: เก่า (gào)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "za",
            "2": "gaeuq"
          },
          "expansion": "Zhuang: gaeuq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Zhuang: gaeuq"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "古",
        "2": "old"
      },
      "expansion": "古 (OC *kaːʔ, “old”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "固",
        "2": "solid, secure, sure"
      },
      "expansion": "固 (OC *kaːs, “solid, secure, sure”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derivative of 古 (OC *kaːʔ, “old”). The sense “cause, reason” may be related to (“thing or person of former times”), or the same word as 固 (OC *kaːs, “solid, secure, sure”) (Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "故",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "old; of the past"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-FPrLV0U7",
      "links": [
        [
          "old",
          "old"
        ],
        [
          "past",
          "past"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "緣故/缘故 ― yuángù ― reason",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cause; reason"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-lUKsdzIU",
      "links": [
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "reason",
          "reason"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "accident; misfortune; unexpected event"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-i26ZINRt",
      "links": [
        [
          "accident",
          "accident"
        ],
        [
          "misfortune",
          "misfortune"
        ],
        [
          "unexpected",
          "unexpected"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "past things; antiquity"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-okN6ih~c",
      "links": [
        [
          "past",
          "past"
        ],
        [
          "antiquity",
          "antiquity"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Confucius said: \"I have heard that kinfolk lose not what makes them kinfolk and old friends lose not what makes them old friends.\"",
          "ref": "孔子曰:「吾聞之,親者不失其為親也,故者不失其為故也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "孔子曰:「吾闻之,亲者不失其为亲也,故者不失其为故也。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The School Sayings of Confucius, c. 206 BCE– 220 CE\nKǒngzǐ yuē: “Wú wén zhī, qīnzhě bùshī qí wéiqīn yě, gùzhě bùshī qí wéigù yě.” [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "old friend; good friend; close friend"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-COC4u20A",
      "links": [
        [
          "old",
          "old"
        ],
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "deceased [lit. has passed away]",
          "roman": "yǐgù",
          "text": "已故",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to die; to pass away"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-pJnL0dLq",
      "links": [
        [
          "die",
          "die"
        ],
        [
          "pass away",
          "pass away"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "deceased; dead"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-X0e9ZXZG",
      "links": [
        [
          "deceased",
          "deceased"
        ],
        [
          "dead",
          "dead"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "formerly; originally"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-dhF~7Zfq",
      "links": [
        [
          "formerly",
          "formerly"
        ],
        [
          "originally",
          "originally"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 15 1 6 4 12 4 0 52 0 0 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "intentionally; deliberately"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-SGB3E5vX",
      "links": [
        [
          "intentionally",
          "intentionally"
        ],
        [
          "deliberately",
          "deliberately"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "still; as before"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-1MIPMWnk",
      "links": [
        [
          "still",
          "still"
        ],
        [
          "as",
          "as"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I think, therefore I am",
          "roman": "wǒ sī gù wǒ zài",
          "text": "我思故我在",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "hence the name \"Northern Capital\"",
          "roman": "gù míng “běijīng”",
          "text": "故名「北京」",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "like life indeed, but there is that which I like more than life, and therefore, I will not seek to possess it by any improper ways. I dislike death indeed, but there is that which I dislike more than death, and therefore there are occasions when I will not avoid danger.",
          "ref": "生亦我所欲,所欲有甚於生者,故不為苟得也;死亦我所惡,所惡有甚於死者,故患有所不辟也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "生亦我所欲,所欲有甚于生者,故不为苟得也;死亦我所恶,所恶有甚于死者,故患有所不辟也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nShēng yì wǒ suǒ yù, suǒ yù yǒu shèn yú shēng zhě, gù bù wéi gǒudé yě; sǐ yì wǒ suǒ wù, suǒ wù yǒu shèn yú sǐ zhě, gù huàn yǒusuǒ bù bì yě. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "therefore; so"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-68MVnl8r",
      "links": [
        [
          "therefore",
          "therefore"
        ],
        [
          "so",
          "so"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gu̿"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu⁷"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁵ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁴⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu̿"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gó"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kou²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Jinjiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kū"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁵ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ku³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kˤa(ʔ)-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kˤaʔ-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kaːs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁴⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kou²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kˤa(ʔ)-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kˤaʔ-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kaːs/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiàshì",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "下世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shàngtiān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "上天"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shànglù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "上路"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùzài",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "不在"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùxìng",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "不幸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "亡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wánggù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "亡故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiānshì",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "仙逝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiānyóu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "仙遊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiānyóu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "仙游"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zuògǔ",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "作古"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zuòguǐ",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "做鬼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傾世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "倾世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngwáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傾亡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīngwáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "倾亡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of Buddhist monks",
      "roman": "rùjì",
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "religion",
        "lifestyle"
      ],
      "word": "入寂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to die of old age",
      "roman": "diāoxiè",
      "word": "凋謝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to die of old age",
      "roman": "diāoxiè",
      "word": "凋谢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "huàqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "化去"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shēngtiān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "升天"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jíshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "即世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qùshì",
      "word": "去世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "héyǎn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "合眼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sàngwáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "喪亡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sàngwáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "丧亡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sàngmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "喪命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sàngmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "丧命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sàngshēng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "喪生"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sàngshēng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "丧生"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wūhū",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "嗚呼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wūhū",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "呜呼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gěpì",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "derogatory",
        "vulgar"
      ],
      "word": "嗝屁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yànqì",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "嚥氣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yànqì",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "咽气"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "huí lǎojiā",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "humorous"
      ],
      "word": "回老家"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of Buddhist monks or nuns",
      "roman": "yuánjì",
      "word": "圓寂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of Buddhist monks or nuns",
      "roman": "yuánjì",
      "word": "圆寂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "壽終正寢"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "寿终正寝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ānxī",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "安息"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "ānmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "安眠"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiǎo lǎbār chuī le",
      "tags": [
        "Beijing",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "小喇叭兒吹了"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiǎo lǎbār chuī le",
      "tags": [
        "Beijing",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "小喇叭儿吹了"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to die a martyr",
      "roman": "jiùyì",
      "word": "就義"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to die a martyr",
      "roman": "jiùyì",
      "word": "就义"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "bēng",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "崩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "bēngcú",
      "tags": [
        "Classical",
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "崩殂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wǎngshēng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "往生"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "hūrán",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "忽然"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guà",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "掛"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guà",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "挂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "chiefly of one's elders",
      "roman": "gùshì",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "故世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "chiefly of one's elders",
      "roman": "gùqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "故去"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìmìng",
      "tags": [
        "pejorative"
      ],
      "word": "斃命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìmìng",
      "tags": [
        "pejorative"
      ],
      "word": "毙命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zǎosǐ",
      "word": "早死"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "yànjià",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "晏駕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "yànjià",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "晏驾"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūsǐ",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "枯死"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qìshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "棄世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qìshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "弃世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guītiān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "歸天"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guītiān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "归天"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guīxī",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "歸西"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guīxī",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "归西"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guī dàoshān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "歸道山"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guī dàoshān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "归道山"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐ",
      "word": "死"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐwáng",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "死亡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐrén",
      "word": "死人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐqù",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "死去"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐdiào",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "死掉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐqiàoqiào",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "死翹翹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "sǐqiàoqiào",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "死翘翘"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "word": "死脫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "word": "死脱 (2xi-theq)"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǔn",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "殞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǔn",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "殒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qìjué",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "氣絕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qìjué",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "气绝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǒngmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "honorific"
      ],
      "word": "永眠"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "mòshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沒世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "mòshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "没世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chénmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "沉眠"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "消忒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wùhuà",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "物化"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "畢命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "毕命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to die of illness",
      "roman": "bìngwáng",
      "word": "病亡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to die of illness",
      "roman": "bìnggù",
      "word": "病故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to die of illness",
      "roman": "bìngsǐ",
      "word": "病死"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to die of illness",
      "roman": "bìngshì",
      "word": "病逝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of the elderly",
      "roman": "bǎiniánguīlǎo",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "百年歸老"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of the elderly",
      "roman": "bǎiniánguīlǎo",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "百年归老"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "盡命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "尽命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhōng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "終"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhōng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "终"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jué",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "絕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jué",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "绝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiào biànzi",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "翹辮子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiào biànzi",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "翘辫子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of the elderly",
      "roman": "lǎo le",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "老了"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "méngzhǔchǒngzhào",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "蒙主寵召"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "méngzhǔchǒngzhào",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "蒙主宠召"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of feudal lords or high officials",
      "roman": "hōng",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "薨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of feudal lords",
      "roman": "hōngshì",
      "word": "薨逝"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to be killed in a disaster, political incident",
      "roman": "bèinàn",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "被難"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to be killed in a disaster, political incident",
      "roman": "bèinàn",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "被难"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of one's parents or elders",
      "roman": "jiànbèi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "見背"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of one's parents or elders",
      "roman": "jiànbèi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "见背"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàn Yánwáng",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "見閻王"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàn Yánwáng",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "见阎王"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "bīntiān",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "賓天"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "bīntiān",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "宾天"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zǒu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "走"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "走去踮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "raw_tags": [
        "from unnatural causes"
      ],
      "roman": "shēnwáng",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "身亡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "císhì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "辭世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "císhì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "辞世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shìshì",
      "word": "逝世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìn guāncái",
      "word": "進棺材"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìn guāncái",
      "word": "进棺材"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòshì",
      "word": "過世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòshì",
      "word": "过世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "過去"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "过去"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "過往"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "过往"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòshēn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "過身"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòshēn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "过身"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "過面"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "过面"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "長山賣鴨卵"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "长山卖鸭卵"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chángmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "honorific"
      ],
      "word": "長眠"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chángmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "honorific"
      ],
      "word": "长眠"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìyǎn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "閉眼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìyǎn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "闭眼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǔnluò",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "隕落"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǔnluò",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "陨落"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "líshì",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "離世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "líshì",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "离世"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "jiàbēng",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "駕崩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "jiàbēng",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "驾崩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàhèxīqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "駕鶴西去"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàhèxīqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "驾鹤西去"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàhèxīyóu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "駕鶴西遊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàhèxīyóu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "驾鹤西游"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of an emperor",
      "roman": "lóngyùshàngbīn",
      "word": "龍馭上賓"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "of an emperor",
      "roman": "lóngyùshàngbīn",
      "word": "龙驭上宾"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "Shanghainese",
      "word": "乃末"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǐgù",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "以故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yǐshì",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "以是"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yīncǐ",
      "word": "因此"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yīn'ér",
      "word": "因而"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cóng'ér",
      "word": "從而"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cóng'ér",
      "word": "从而"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "所以"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùcǐ",
      "word": "故此"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gù'ér",
      "word": "故而"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yúshì",
      "word": "於是"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yúshì",
      "word": "于是"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yúshìhū",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "於是乎"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yúshìhū",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "于是乎"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shìyǐ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "是以"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shìgù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "是故"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cǐyǐ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "此以"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wèicǐ",
      "word": "為此"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wèicǐ",
      "word": "为此"
    }
  ],
  "word": "故"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "故",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "gu², “story”",
          "word": "古"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Cantonese Chinese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of 古 (gu², “story”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-故-zh-character-HePD2g-W",
      "links": [
        [
          "古",
          "古#Cantonese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Cantonese) Alternative form of 古 (gu², “story”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "故"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese adverbs",
    "Chinese conjunctions",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Eastern Min adjectives",
    "Eastern Min adverbs",
    "Eastern Min conjunctions",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Eastern Min verbs",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Northern Min adjectives",
    "Northern Min adverbs",
    "Northern Min conjunctions",
    "Northern Min lemmas",
    "Northern Min nouns",
    "Northern Min verbs",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "yījiànrúgù",
      "word": "一見如故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yījiànrúgù",
      "word": "一见如故"
    },
    {
      "word": "不主故常"
    },
    {
      "word": "不知何故"
    },
    {
      "word": "不解其故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shìgù",
      "word": "世故"
    },
    {
      "word": "九故十親"
    },
    {
      "word": "九故十亲"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shìgù",
      "word": "事故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wánggù",
      "word": "亡故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiāotōng shìgù",
      "word": "交通事故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rénqíngshìgù",
      "word": "人情世故"
    },
    {
      "word": "他故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hégù",
      "word": "何故"
    },
    {
      "word": "依然如故"
    },
    {
      "word": "依然故我"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiègù",
      "word": "借故"
    },
    {
      "word": "傳奇故事"
    },
    {
      "word": "传奇故事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "diǎngù",
      "word": "典故"
    },
    {
      "word": "出故典"
    },
    {
      "word": "則故"
    },
    {
      "word": "则故"
    },
    {
      "word": "北平故宮"
    },
    {
      "word": "北平故宫"
    },
    {
      "word": "十親九故"
    },
    {
      "word": "十亲九故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yuángù",
      "word": "原故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tǔgùnàxīn",
      "word": "吐故納新"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tǔgùnàxīn",
      "word": "吐故纳新"
    },
    {
      "word": "喜新厭故"
    },
    {
      "word": "喜新厌故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guógù",
      "word": "國故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guógù",
      "word": "国故"
    },
    {
      "word": "多故"
    },
    {
      "word": "大故"
    },
    {
      "word": "天下多故"
    },
    {
      "word": "奉行故事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rúgù",
      "word": "如故"
    },
    {
      "word": "姻故"
    },
    {
      "word": "安堵如故"
    },
    {
      "word": "小故"
    },
    {
      "word": "巧故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǐgù",
      "word": "已故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "píngbáiwúgù",
      "word": "平白無故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "píngbáiwúgù",
      "word": "平白无故"
    },
    {
      "word": "并州故鄉"
    },
    {
      "word": "并州故乡"
    },
    {
      "word": "循常習故"
    },
    {
      "word": "循常习故"
    },
    {
      "word": "意故"
    },
    {
      "word": "慈故能勇"
    },
    {
      "word": "扮故事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chízhīyǒugù",
      "word": "持之有故"
    },
    {
      "word": "按堵如故"
    },
    {
      "word": "指親托故"
    },
    {
      "word": "指亲托故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhǎnggù",
      "word": "掌故"
    },
    {
      "word": "推故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùshì",
      "word": "故世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùqiě",
      "word": "故且"
    },
    {
      "word": "故主"
    },
    {
      "word": "故事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùshishū",
      "word": "故事書"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùshishū",
      "word": "故事书"
    },
    {
      "word": "故事片"
    },
    {
      "word": "故事詩"
    },
    {
      "word": "故事诗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjiāo",
      "word": "故交"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùrén",
      "word": "故人"
    },
    {
      "word": "故以"
    },
    {
      "word": "故伎重演"
    },
    {
      "word": "故侯"
    },
    {
      "word": "故侯瓜"
    },
    {
      "word": "故入"
    },
    {
      "word": "故典"
    },
    {
      "word": "故出"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjiàn",
      "word": "故劍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjiàn",
      "word": "故剑"
    },
    {
      "word": "故劍情深"
    },
    {
      "word": "故剑情深"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùqù",
      "word": "故去"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùyǒu",
      "word": "故友"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùlì",
      "word": "故吏"
    },
    {
      "word": "故吾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùguó",
      "word": "故國"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùguó",
      "word": "故国"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùyuán",
      "word": "故園"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùyuán",
      "word": "故园"
    },
    {
      "word": "故園心眼"
    },
    {
      "word": "故园心眼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùtǔ",
      "word": "故土"
    },
    {
      "word": "故土難移"
    },
    {
      "word": "故土难移"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùdì",
      "word": "故地"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùzhǐ",
      "word": "故址"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùchéng",
      "word": "故城"
    },
    {
      "word": "故壘"
    },
    {
      "word": "故垒"
    },
    {
      "word": "故夫"
    },
    {
      "word": "故失"
    },
    {
      "word": "故套"
    },
    {
      "word": "故宅"
    },
    {
      "word": "故宇"
    },
    {
      "word": "故家"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùgōng",
      "word": "故宮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùgōng",
      "word": "故宫"
    },
    {
      "word": "故家喬木"
    },
    {
      "word": "故家乔木"
    },
    {
      "word": "故家子"
    },
    {
      "word": "故家子弟"
    },
    {
      "word": "故宮禾黍"
    },
    {
      "word": "故宫禾黍"
    },
    {
      "word": "故家遺俗"
    },
    {
      "word": "故家遗俗"
    },
    {
      "word": "故實"
    },
    {
      "word": "故实"
    },
    {
      "word": "故將軍"
    },
    {
      "word": "故将军"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjū",
      "word": "故居"
    },
    {
      "word": "故山"
    },
    {
      "word": "故常"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùnòngxuánxū",
      "word": "故弄玄虛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùnòngxuánxū",
      "word": "故弄玄虚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùyì",
      "word": "故意"
    },
    {
      "word": "故態"
    },
    {
      "word": "故态"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùtàifùméng",
      "word": "故態復萌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùtàifùméng",
      "word": "故态复萌"
    },
    {
      "word": "故我"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùsuǒ",
      "word": "故所"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjì",
      "word": "故技"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjìchóngshī",
      "word": "故技重施"
    },
    {
      "word": "故故"
    },
    {
      "word": "故故由兒"
    },
    {
      "word": "故故由儿"
    },
    {
      "word": "故智"
    },
    {
      "word": "故書"
    },
    {
      "word": "故书"
    },
    {
      "word": "故有"
    },
    {
      "word": "故林"
    },
    {
      "word": "故歇"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùcǐ",
      "word": "故此"
    },
    {
      "word": "故步"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùbùzìfēng",
      "word": "故步自封"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùshā",
      "word": "故殺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùshā",
      "word": "故杀"
    },
    {
      "word": "故淹珠玉"
    },
    {
      "word": "故物"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùfàn",
      "word": "故犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "故生枝節"
    },
    {
      "word": "故生枝节"
    },
    {
      "word": "故當"
    },
    {
      "word": "故当"
    },
    {
      "word": "故疏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùzhī",
      "word": "故知"
    },
    {
      "word": "故紙"
    },
    {
      "word": "故纸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùzhǐduī",
      "word": "故紙堆"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùzhǐduī",
      "word": "故纸堆"
    },
    {
      "word": "故絮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Gùxiàn",
      "word": "故縣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Gùxiàn",
      "word": "故县"
    },
    {
      "word": "故縱"
    },
    {
      "word": "故纵"
    },
    {
      "word": "故老"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gù'ér",
      "word": "故而"
    },
    {
      "word": "故自"
    },
    {
      "word": "故自傷殘"
    },
    {
      "word": "故自伤残"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjiù",
      "word": "故舊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjiù",
      "word": "故旧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjiùbùqì",
      "word": "故舊不棄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùjiùbùqì",
      "word": "故旧不弃"
    },
    {
      "word": "故舍"
    },
    {
      "word": "故記"
    },
    {
      "word": "故记"
    },
    {
      "word": "故轍"
    },
    {
      "word": "故辙"
    },
    {
      "word": "故退"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùdào",
      "word": "故道"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùdū",
      "word": "故都"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùxiāng",
      "word": "故鄉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùxiāng",
      "word": "故乡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùlǐ",
      "word": "故里"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùzhàng",
      "word": "故障"
    },
    {
      "word": "敷衍故事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "míngzhīgùwèn",
      "word": "明知故問"
    },
    {
      "roman": "míngzhīgùwèn",
      "word": "明知故问"
    },
    {
      "roman": "míngzhīgùfàn",
      "word": "明知故犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shìgù",
      "word": "是故"
    },
    {
      "word": "更故"
    },
    {
      "word": "有故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùqíngùzòng",
      "word": "欲擒故縱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yùqíngùzòng",
      "word": "欲擒故纵"
    },
    {
      "word": "毛舉細故"
    },
    {
      "word": "毛举细故"
    },
    {
      "word": "江山如故"
    },
    {
      "word": "沒緣沒故"
    },
    {
      "word": "没缘没故"
    },
    {
      "word": "沾親帶故"
    },
    {
      "word": "沾亲带故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wēngùzhīxīn",
      "word": "溫故知新"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wēngùzhīxīn",
      "word": "温故知新"
    },
    {
      "word": "滌故更新"
    },
    {
      "word": "涤故更新"
    },
    {
      "word": "漢武故事"
    },
    {
      "word": "汉武故事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúgù",
      "word": "無故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúgù",
      "word": "无故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúyuánwúgù",
      "word": "無緣無故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúyuánwúgù",
      "word": "无缘无故"
    },
    {
      "word": "物故"
    },
    {
      "word": "特故"
    },
    {
      "word": "狂奴故態"
    },
    {
      "word": "狂奴故态"
    },
    {
      "word": "班荊道故"
    },
    {
      "word": "班荆道故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìnggù",
      "word": "病故"
    },
    {
      "word": "白憑無故"
    },
    {
      "word": "白凭无故"
    },
    {
      "word": "皮故"
    },
    {
      "word": "確定故意"
    },
    {
      "word": "确定故意"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìgù",
      "word": "細故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìgù",
      "word": "细故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yuángù",
      "word": "緣故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yuángù",
      "word": "缘故"
    },
    {
      "word": "羌無故實"
    },
    {
      "word": "羌无故实"
    },
    {
      "word": "義故"
    },
    {
      "word": "义故"
    },
    {
      "word": "習故守常"
    },
    {
      "word": "习故守常"
    },
    {
      "word": "老於世故"
    },
    {
      "word": "老于世故"
    },
    {
      "word": "自我作故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiùgù",
      "word": "舊故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiùgù",
      "word": "旧故"
    },
    {
      "word": "蒙故業"
    },
    {
      "word": "蒙故业"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bówùxìgù",
      "word": "薄物細故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bówùxìgù",
      "word": "薄物细故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiègù",
      "word": "藉故"
    },
    {
      "word": "虛應故事"
    },
    {
      "word": "虚应故事"
    },
    {
      "word": "衣錦故鄉"
    },
    {
      "word": "衣锦故乡"
    },
    {
      "word": "襲人故智"
    },
    {
      "word": "袭人故智"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngù",
      "word": "親故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngù",
      "word": "亲故"
    },
    {
      "word": "解故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuōgù",
      "word": "託故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuōgù",
      "word": "托故"
    },
    {
      "word": "詐故"
    },
    {
      "word": "诈故"
    },
    {
      "word": "詭故"
    },
    {
      "word": "诡故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biàngù",
      "word": "變故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "biàngù",
      "word": "变故"
    },
    {
      "word": "變故易常"
    },
    {
      "word": "变故易常"
    },
    {
      "word": "責任事故"
    },
    {
      "word": "责任事故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎochángxígù",
      "word": "蹈常襲故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎochángxígù",
      "word": "蹈常袭故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎoxígùcháng",
      "word": "蹈襲故常"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dǎoxígùcháng",
      "word": "蹈袭故常"
    },
    {
      "word": "身故"
    },
    {
      "word": "迎新送故"
    },
    {
      "word": "送故"
    },
    {
      "word": "退故"
    },
    {
      "word": "送故迎新"
    },
    {
      "word": "道故"
    },
    {
      "word": "鄉故"
    },
    {
      "word": "乡故"
    },
    {
      "word": "釁故"
    },
    {
      "word": "衅故"
    },
    {
      "word": "鑽故紙"
    },
    {
      "word": "钻故纸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ménshēng gùlì",
      "word": "門生故吏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ménshēng gùlì",
      "word": "门生故吏"
    },
    {
      "word": "雅故"
    },
    {
      "word": "雖故"
    },
    {
      "word": "虽故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fēiqīnfēigù",
      "word": "非親非故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fēiqīnfēigù",
      "word": "非亲非故"
    },
    {
      "word": "革故鼎新"
    },
    {
      "word": "風月故事"
    },
    {
      "word": "风月故事"
    },
    {
      "word": "飽經世故"
    },
    {
      "word": "饱经世故"
    },
    {
      "word": "高朋故戚"
    },
    {
      "word": "鬼故事"
    },
    {
      "word": "鼎新革故"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "故"
          },
          "expansion": "故",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "故",
            "2": "こ",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "故(こ) (ko)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "고(故)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 고(故) (go)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "故",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "故",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "cố",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "故"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cố (故)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "故",
            "2": "こ",
            "3": "고",
            "4": "cố",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "故",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "故",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "故",
            "v": "故",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (故):\n* → Japanese: 故(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(故) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cố (故)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "こ",
            "3": "고",
            "4": "cố"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (故):\n* → Japanese: 故(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(故) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cố (故)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (故):\n* → Japanese: 故(こ) (ko)\n* → Korean: 고(故) (go)\n* → Vietnamese: cố (故)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tai-pro",
            "2": "*kawᴮ",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "old"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Tai: *kawᴮ (“old”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Tai: *kawᴮ (“old”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "aho",
            "2": "𑜀𑜧"
          },
          "expansion": "Ahom: 𑜀𑜧 (kaw)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ahom: 𑜀𑜧 (kaw)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lo",
            "2": "ເກົ່າ"
          },
          "expansion": "Lao: ເກົ່າ (kao)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lao: ເກົ່າ (kao)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "khb",
            "2": "ᦂᧁᧈ"
          },
          "expansion": "Lü: ᦂᧁᧈ (k̇aw¹)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lü: ᦂᧁᧈ (k̇aw¹)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "blt",
            "2": "ꪹꪀ꪿ꪱ"
          },
          "expansion": "Tai Dam: ꪹꪀ꪿ꪱ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tai Dam: ꪹꪀ꪿ꪱ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "shn",
            "2": "ၵဝ်ႇ"
          },
          "expansion": "Shan: ၵဝ်ႇ (kào)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shan: ၵဝ်ႇ (kào)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "th",
            "2": "เก่า"
          },
          "expansion": "Thai: เก่า (gào)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Thai: เก่า (gào)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "za",
            "2": "gaeuq"
          },
          "expansion": "Zhuang: gaeuq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Zhuang: gaeuq"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "古",
        "2": "old"
      },
      "expansion": "古 (OC *kaːʔ, “old”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "固",
        "2": "solid, secure, sure"
      },
      "expansion": "固 (OC *kaːs, “solid, secure, sure”)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derivative of 古 (OC *kaːʔ, “old”). The sense “cause, reason” may be related to (“thing or person of former times”), or the same word as 固 (OC *kaːs, “solid, secure, sure”) (Schuessler 2007, apud Pulleyblank 1989).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "故",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "old; of the past"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "old",
          "old"
        ],
        [
          "past",
          "past"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "緣故/缘故 ― yuángù ― reason",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cause; reason"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "reason",
          "reason"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "accident; misfortune; unexpected event"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "accident",
          "accident"
        ],
        [
          "misfortune",
          "misfortune"
        ],
        [
          "unexpected",
          "unexpected"
        ],
        [
          "event",
          "event"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "past things; antiquity"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "past",
          "past"
        ],
        [
          "antiquity",
          "antiquity"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Confucius said: \"I have heard that kinfolk lose not what makes them kinfolk and old friends lose not what makes them old friends.\"",
          "ref": "孔子曰:「吾聞之,親者不失其為親也,故者不失其為故也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "孔子曰:「吾闻之,亲者不失其为亲也,故者不失其为故也。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: The School Sayings of Confucius, c. 206 BCE– 220 CE\nKǒngzǐ yuē: “Wú wén zhī, qīnzhě bùshī qí wéiqīn yě, gùzhě bùshī qí wéigù yě.” [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "old friend; good friend; close friend"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "old",
          "old"
        ],
        [
          "friend",
          "friend"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "deceased [lit. has passed away]",
          "roman": "yǐgù",
          "text": "已故",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to die; to pass away"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "die",
          "die"
        ],
        [
          "pass away",
          "pass away"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "deceased; dead"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "deceased",
          "deceased"
        ],
        [
          "dead",
          "dead"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "formerly; originally"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "formerly",
          "formerly"
        ],
        [
          "originally",
          "originally"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "intentionally; deliberately"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "intentionally",
          "intentionally"
        ],
        [
          "deliberately",
          "deliberately"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "still; as before"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "still",
          "still"
        ],
        [
          "as",
          "as"
        ],
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I think, therefore I am",
          "roman": "wǒ sī gù wǒ zài",
          "text": "我思故我在",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "hence the name \"Northern Capital\"",
          "roman": "gù míng “běijīng”",
          "text": "故名「北京」",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "like life indeed, but there is that which I like more than life, and therefore, I will not seek to possess it by any improper ways. I dislike death indeed, but there is that which I dislike more than death, and therefore there are occasions when I will not avoid danger.",
          "ref": "生亦我所欲,所欲有甚於生者,故不為苟得也;死亦我所惡,所惡有甚於死者,故患有所不辟也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "生亦我所欲,所欲有甚于生者,故不为苟得也;死亦我所恶,所恶有甚于死者,故患有所不辟也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE\nShēng yì wǒ suǒ yù, suǒ yù yǒu shèn yú shēng zhě, gù bù wéi gǒudé yě; sǐ yì wǒ suǒ wù, suǒ wù yǒu shèn yú sǐ zhě, gù huàn yǒusuǒ bù bì yě. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "therefore; so"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "therefore",
          "therefore"
        ],
        [
          "so",
          "so"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gu̿"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu⁷"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁵ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁴⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu̿"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gó"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kou²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Jinjiang",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kū"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁵ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ku^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ku³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kuH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kˤa(ʔ)-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kˤaʔ-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kaːs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku⁴⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kou²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ku³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kˤa(ʔ)-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kˤaʔ-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kaːs/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "xiàshì",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "下世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shàngtiān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "上天"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shànglù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "上路"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùzài",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "不在"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùxìng",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "不幸"
    },
    {
      "word": "亡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wánggù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "亡故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiānshì",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "仙逝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiānyóu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "仙遊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiānyóu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "仙游"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zuògǔ",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "作古"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zuòguǐ",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "做鬼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傾世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "倾世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngwáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "傾亡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīngwáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "倾亡"
    },
    {
      "english": "of Buddhist monks",
      "roman": "rùjì",
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "religion",
        "lifestyle"
      ],
      "word": "入寂"
    },
    {
      "english": "to die of old age",
      "roman": "diāoxiè",
      "word": "凋謝"
    },
    {
      "english": "to die of old age",
      "roman": "diāoxiè",
      "word": "凋谢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huàqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "化去"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shēngtiān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "升天"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jíshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "即世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qùshì",
      "word": "去世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "héyǎn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "合眼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sàngwáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "喪亡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sàngwáng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "丧亡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sàngmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "喪命"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sàngmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "丧命"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sàngshēng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "喪生"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sàngshēng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "丧生"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wūhū",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "嗚呼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wūhū",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "呜呼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gěpì",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "derogatory",
        "vulgar"
      ],
      "word": "嗝屁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yànqì",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "嚥氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yànqì",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "咽气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huí lǎojiā",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "humorous"
      ],
      "word": "回老家"
    },
    {
      "english": "of Buddhist monks or nuns",
      "roman": "yuánjì",
      "word": "圓寂"
    },
    {
      "english": "of Buddhist monks or nuns",
      "roman": "yuánjì",
      "word": "圆寂"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "壽終正寢"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "寿终正寝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ānxī",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "安息"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ānmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "安眠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiǎo lǎbār chuī le",
      "tags": [
        "Beijing",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "小喇叭兒吹了"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiǎo lǎbār chuī le",
      "tags": [
        "Beijing",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "word": "小喇叭儿吹了"
    },
    {
      "english": "to die a martyr",
      "roman": "jiùyì",
      "word": "就義"
    },
    {
      "english": "to die a martyr",
      "roman": "jiùyì",
      "word": "就义"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "bēng",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "崩"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "bēngcú",
      "tags": [
        "Classical",
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "崩殂"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wǎngshēng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "往生"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hūrán",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "忽然"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guà",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "掛"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guà",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "挂"
    },
    {
      "english": "chiefly of one's elders",
      "roman": "gùshì",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "故世"
    },
    {
      "english": "chiefly of one's elders",
      "roman": "gùqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "故去"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìmìng",
      "tags": [
        "pejorative"
      ],
      "word": "斃命"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìmìng",
      "tags": [
        "pejorative"
      ],
      "word": "毙命"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zǎosǐ",
      "word": "早死"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "yànjià",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "晏駕"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "yànjià",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "晏驾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūsǐ",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "枯死"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qìshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "棄世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qìshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "弃世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guītiān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "歸天"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guītiān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "归天"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guīxī",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "歸西"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guīxī",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "归西"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guī dàoshān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "歸道山"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guī dàoshān",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "归道山"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐ",
      "word": "死"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐwáng",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "死亡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐrén",
      "word": "死人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐqù",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "死去"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐdiào",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "死掉"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐqiàoqiào",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "死翹翹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sǐqiàoqiào",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "死翘翘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "word": "死脫"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "word": "死脱 (2xi-theq)"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǔn",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "殞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǔn",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "殒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qìjué",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "氣絕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qìjué",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "气绝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǒngmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "honorific"
      ],
      "word": "永眠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mòshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "沒世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mòshì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "没世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chénmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "沉眠"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "消忒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wùhuà",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "物化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "畢命"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "毕命"
    },
    {
      "english": "to die of illness",
      "roman": "bìngwáng",
      "word": "病亡"
    },
    {
      "english": "to die of illness",
      "roman": "bìnggù",
      "word": "病故"
    },
    {
      "english": "to die of illness",
      "roman": "bìngsǐ",
      "word": "病死"
    },
    {
      "english": "to die of illness",
      "roman": "bìngshì",
      "word": "病逝"
    },
    {
      "english": "of the elderly",
      "roman": "bǎiniánguīlǎo",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "百年歸老"
    },
    {
      "english": "of the elderly",
      "roman": "bǎiniánguīlǎo",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "百年归老"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "盡命"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnmìng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "尽命"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhōng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "終"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhōng",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "终"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jué",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "絕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jué",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "绝"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiào biànzi",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "翹辮子"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiào biànzi",
      "tags": [
        "humorous",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "翘辫子"
    },
    {
      "english": "of the elderly",
      "roman": "lǎo le",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "老了"
    },
    {
      "roman": "méngzhǔchǒngzhào",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "蒙主寵召"
    },
    {
      "roman": "méngzhǔchǒngzhào",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "蒙主宠召"
    },
    {
      "english": "of feudal lords or high officials",
      "roman": "hōng",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "薨"
    },
    {
      "english": "of feudal lords",
      "roman": "hōngshì",
      "word": "薨逝"
    },
    {
      "english": "to be killed in a disaster, political incident",
      "roman": "bèinàn",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "被難"
    },
    {
      "english": "to be killed in a disaster, political incident",
      "roman": "bèinàn",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "被难"
    },
    {
      "english": "of one's parents or elders",
      "roman": "jiànbèi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "見背"
    },
    {
      "english": "of one's parents or elders",
      "roman": "jiànbèi",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "见背"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàn Yánwáng",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "見閻王"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàn Yánwáng",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "见阎王"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "bīntiān",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "賓天"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "bīntiān",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "宾天"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zǒu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "走"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "走去踮"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "from unnatural causes"
      ],
      "roman": "shēnwáng",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "身亡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "císhì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "辭世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "císhì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "辞世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shìshì",
      "word": "逝世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìn guāncái",
      "word": "進棺材"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìn guāncái",
      "word": "进棺材"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòshì",
      "word": "過世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòshì",
      "word": "过世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "過去"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "过去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "過往"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Teochew",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "过往"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòshēn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "過身"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòshēn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "过身"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "過面"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "过面"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "長山賣鴨卵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "长山卖鸭卵"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chángmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "honorific"
      ],
      "word": "長眠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chángmián",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic",
        "honorific"
      ],
      "word": "长眠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìyǎn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "閉眼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìyǎn",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "闭眼"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǔnluò",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "隕落"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǔnluò",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "陨落"
    },
    {
      "roman": "líshì",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "離世"
    },
    {
      "roman": "líshì",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "离世"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "jiàbēng",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "駕崩"
    },
    {
      "english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
      "roman": "jiàbēng",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "驾崩"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàhèxīqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "駕鶴西去"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàhèxīqù",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "驾鹤西去"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàhèxīyóu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "駕鶴西遊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàhèxīyóu",
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ],
      "word": "驾鹤西游"
    },
    {
      "english": "of an emperor",
      "roman": "lóngyùshàngbīn",
      "word": "龍馭上賓"
    },
    {
      "english": "of an emperor",
      "roman": "lóngyùshàngbīn",
      "word": "龙驭上宾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Shanghainese",
      "word": "乃末"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǐgù",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "以故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǐshì",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "以是"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīncǐ",
      "word": "因此"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yīn'ér",
      "word": "因而"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cóng'ér",
      "word": "從而"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cóng'ér",
      "word": "从而"
    },
    {
      "word": "所以"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùcǐ",
      "word": "故此"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gù'ér",
      "word": "故而"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yúshì",
      "word": "於是"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yúshì",
      "word": "于是"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yúshìhū",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "於是乎"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yúshìhū",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "于是乎"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shìyǐ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "是以"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shìgù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "是故"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cǐyǐ",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "此以"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wèicǐ",
      "word": "為此"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wèicǐ",
      "word": "为此"
    }
  ],
  "word": "故"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "故",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "gu², “story”",
          "word": "古"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese Chinese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of 古 (gu², “story”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "古",
          "古#Cantonese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Cantonese) Alternative form of 古 (gu², “story”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gú"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gu²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuː³⁵/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "故"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "故"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "故",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.