See 物化 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 物化 meaning in Chinese (19.5kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "物化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 32 7 56 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "zh:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"Human",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pass away"
],
"id": "en-物化-zh-verb-iwGIKGlg",
"links": [
[
"pass away",
"pass away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative, euphemistic) to pass away"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "xiàshì",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "下世"
},
{
"roman": "shàngtiān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "上天"
},
{
"roman": "shànglù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "上路"
},
{
"roman": "bùzài",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "不在"
},
{
"roman": "bùxìng",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "不幸"
},
{
"word": "亡"
},
{
"roman": "wánggù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "亡故"
},
{
"roman": "xiānshì",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "仙逝"
},
{
"roman": "xiānyóu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "仙遊"
},
{
"roman": "xiānyóu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "仙游"
},
{
"roman": "zuògǔ",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "作古"
},
{
"roman": "zuòguǐ",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "做鬼"
},
{
"roman": "qīngshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "傾世"
},
{
"roman": "qīngshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "倾世"
},
{
"roman": "qīngwáng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "傾亡"
},
{
"roman": "qīngwáng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "倾亡"
},
{
"english": "of Buddhist monks",
"roman": "rùjì",
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"religion",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "入寂"
},
{
"english": "to die of old age",
"roman": "diāoxiè",
"word": "凋謝"
},
{
"english": "to die of old age",
"roman": "diāoxiè",
"word": "凋谢"
},
{
"roman": "huàqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "化去"
},
{
"roman": "shēngtiān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "升天"
},
{
"roman": "jíshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "即世"
},
{
"roman": "qùshì",
"word": "去世"
},
{
"roman": "héyǎn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "合眼"
},
{
"roman": "sàngwáng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "喪亡"
},
{
"roman": "sàngwáng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "丧亡"
},
{
"roman": "sàngmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "喪命"
},
{
"roman": "sàngmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "丧命"
},
{
"roman": "sàngshēng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "喪生"
},
{
"roman": "sàngshēng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "丧生"
},
{
"roman": "wūhū",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "嗚呼"
},
{
"roman": "wūhū",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "呜呼"
},
{
"roman": "gěpì",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"derogatory",
"vulgar"
],
"word": "嗝屁"
},
{
"roman": "yànqì",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "嚥氣"
},
{
"roman": "yànqì",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "咽气"
},
{
"roman": "huí lǎojiā",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"humorous"
],
"word": "回老家"
},
{
"english": "of Buddhist monks or nuns",
"roman": "yuánjì",
"word": "圓寂"
},
{
"english": "of Buddhist monks or nuns",
"roman": "yuánjì",
"word": "圆寂"
},
{
"roman": "shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "壽終正寢"
},
{
"roman": "shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "寿终正寝"
},
{
"roman": "ānxī",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "安息"
},
{
"roman": "ānmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "安眠"
},
{
"roman": "xiǎo lǎbār chuī le",
"tags": [
"Beijing",
"Mandarin"
],
"word": "小喇叭兒吹了"
},
{
"roman": "xiǎo lǎbār chuī le",
"tags": [
"Beijing",
"Mandarin"
],
"word": "小喇叭儿吹了"
},
{
"english": "to die a martyr",
"roman": "jiùyì",
"word": "就義"
},
{
"english": "to die a martyr",
"roman": "jiùyì",
"word": "就义"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "bēng",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "崩"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "bēngcú",
"tags": [
"Classical",
"usually"
],
"word": "崩殂"
},
{
"roman": "wǎngshēng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "往生"
},
{
"roman": "hūrán",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "忽然"
},
{
"roman": "guà",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "掛"
},
{
"roman": "guà",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "挂"
},
{
"roman": "gù",
"word": "故"
},
{
"english": "chiefly of one's elders",
"roman": "gùshì",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "故世"
},
{
"english": "chiefly of one's elders",
"roman": "gùqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "故去"
},
{
"roman": "bìmìng",
"tags": [
"pejorative"
],
"word": "斃命"
},
{
"roman": "bìmìng",
"tags": [
"pejorative"
],
"word": "毙命"
},
{
"roman": "zǎosǐ",
"word": "早死"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "yànjià",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "晏駕"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "yànjià",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "晏驾"
},
{
"roman": "kūsǐ",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "枯死"
},
{
"roman": "qìshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "棄世"
},
{
"roman": "qìshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "弃世"
},
{
"roman": "guītiān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "歸天"
},
{
"roman": "guītiān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "归天"
},
{
"roman": "guīxī",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "歸西"
},
{
"roman": "guīxī",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "归西"
},
{
"roman": "guī dàoshān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "歸道山"
},
{
"roman": "guī dàoshān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "归道山"
},
{
"roman": "sǐ",
"word": "死"
},
{
"roman": "sǐwáng",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "死亡"
},
{
"roman": "sǐrén",
"word": "死人"
},
{
"roman": "sǐqù",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "死去"
},
{
"roman": "sǐdiào",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "死掉"
},
{
"roman": "sǐqiàoqiào",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "死翹翹"
},
{
"roman": "sǐqiàoqiào",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "死翘翘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "死脫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "死脱 (2xi-theq)"
},
{
"roman": "yǔn",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "殞"
},
{
"roman": "yǔn",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "殒"
},
{
"roman": "qìjué",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "氣絕"
},
{
"roman": "qìjué",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "气绝"
},
{
"roman": "yǒngmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"honorific"
],
"word": "永眠"
},
{
"roman": "mòshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "沒世"
},
{
"roman": "mòshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "没世"
},
{
"roman": "chénmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "沉眠"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "消忒"
},
{
"roman": "bìmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"formal"
],
"word": "畢命"
},
{
"roman": "bìmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"formal"
],
"word": "毕命"
},
{
"english": "to die of illness",
"roman": "bìngwáng",
"word": "病亡"
},
{
"english": "to die of illness",
"roman": "bìnggù",
"word": "病故"
},
{
"english": "to die of illness",
"roman": "bìngsǐ",
"word": "病死"
},
{
"english": "to die of illness",
"roman": "bìngshì",
"word": "病逝"
},
{
"english": "of the elderly",
"roman": "bǎiniánguīlǎo",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "百年歸老"
},
{
"english": "of the elderly",
"roman": "bǎiniánguīlǎo",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "百年归老"
},
{
"roman": "jìnmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "盡命"
},
{
"roman": "jìnmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "尽命"
},
{
"roman": "zhōng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "終"
},
{
"roman": "zhōng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "终"
},
{
"roman": "jué",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "絕"
},
{
"roman": "jué",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "绝"
},
{
"roman": "qiào biànzi",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "翹辮子"
},
{
"roman": "qiào biànzi",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "翘辫子"
},
{
"english": "of the elderly",
"roman": "lǎo le",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "老了"
},
{
"roman": "méngzhǔchǒngzhào",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "蒙主寵召"
},
{
"roman": "méngzhǔchǒngzhào",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "蒙主宠召"
},
{
"english": "of feudal lords or high officials",
"roman": "hōng",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese"
],
"word": "薨"
},
{
"english": "of feudal lords",
"roman": "hōngshì",
"word": "薨逝"
},
{
"english": "to be killed in a disaster, political incident",
"roman": "bèinàn",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "被難"
},
{
"english": "to be killed in a disaster, political incident",
"roman": "bèinàn",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "被难"
},
{
"english": "of one's parents or elders",
"roman": "jiànbèi",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "見背"
},
{
"english": "of one's parents or elders",
"roman": "jiànbèi",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "见背"
},
{
"roman": "jiàn Yánwáng",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "見閻王"
},
{
"roman": "jiàn Yánwáng",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "见阎王"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "bīntiān",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "賓天"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "bīntiān",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "宾天"
},
{
"roman": "zǒu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "走"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "走去踮"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"from unnatural causes"
],
"roman": "shēnwáng",
"tags": [
"formal",
"usually"
],
"word": "身亡"
},
{
"roman": "císhì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "辭世"
},
{
"roman": "císhì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "辞世"
},
{
"roman": "shìshì",
"word": "逝世"
},
{
"roman": "jìn guāncái",
"word": "進棺材"
},
{
"roman": "jìn guāncái",
"word": "进棺材"
},
{
"roman": "guòshì",
"word": "過世"
},
{
"roman": "guòshì",
"word": "过世"
},
{
"roman": "guòqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "過去"
},
{
"roman": "guòqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "过去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "過往"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "过往"
},
{
"roman": "guòshēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "過身"
},
{
"roman": "guòshēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "过身"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "過面"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "过面"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "長山賣鴨卵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "长山卖鸭卵"
},
{
"roman": "chángmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"honorific"
],
"word": "長眠"
},
{
"roman": "chángmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"honorific"
],
"word": "长眠"
},
{
"roman": "bìyǎn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "閉眼"
},
{
"roman": "bìyǎn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "闭眼"
},
{
"roman": "yǔnluò",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "隕落"
},
{
"roman": "yǔnluò",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "陨落"
},
{
"roman": "líshì",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "離世"
},
{
"roman": "líshì",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "离世"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "jiàbēng",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "駕崩"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "jiàbēng",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "驾崩"
},
{
"roman": "jiàhèxīqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "駕鶴西去"
},
{
"roman": "jiàhèxīqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "驾鹤西去"
},
{
"roman": "jiàhèxīyóu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "駕鶴西遊"
},
{
"roman": "jiàhèxīyóu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "驾鹤西游"
},
{
"english": "of an emperor",
"roman": "lóngyùshàngbīn",
"word": "龍馭上賓"
},
{
"english": "of an emperor",
"roman": "lóngyùshàngbīn",
"word": "龙驭上宾"
}
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wu⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wù-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wuhhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ухуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "uxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "maht fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "med⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjut xwaeH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
}
],
"word": "物化"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "物化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"change of things"
],
"id": "en-物化-zh-noun-OJv2AMKC",
"links": [
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) change of things"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"death"
],
"id": "en-物化-zh-noun-UsjgKYfM",
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative, euphemistic) death"
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wu⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wù-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wuhhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ухуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "uxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "maht fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "med⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjut xwaeH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
}
],
"word": "物化"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "物化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Psychology",
"orig": "zh:Psychology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Sociology",
"orig": "zh:Sociology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to objectify; reify"
],
"id": "en-物化-zh-verb-4cCrIndE",
"links": [
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"objectify",
"objectify"
],
[
"reify",
"reify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociology, psychology) to objectify; reify"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kètǐhuà",
"word": "客體化／客体化"
},
{
"roman": "duìxiànghuà",
"word": "對象化／对象化"
},
{
"roman": "kètǐhuà",
"word": "客體化"
},
{
"roman": "kètǐhuà",
"word": "客体化"
},
{
"roman": "duìxiànghuà",
"word": "對象化"
},
{
"roman": "duìxiànghuà",
"word": "对象化"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wu⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wù-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wuhhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ухуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "uxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "maht fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "med⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjut xwaeH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
}
],
"word": "物化"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "物化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "wùlǐ huàxué, “physical chemistry”",
"word": "物理化學"
},
{
"extra": "wùlǐ huàxué, “physical chemistry”",
"word": "物理化学"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 1 52 11 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 物理化學／物理化学 (wùlǐ huàxué, “physical chemistry”)."
],
"id": "en-物化-zh-noun-LEevPfCw",
"links": [
[
"物理化學",
"物理化學#Chinese"
],
[
"物理化学",
"物理化学#Chinese"
],
[
"physical chemistry",
"physical chemistry"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wu⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wù-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wuhhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ухуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "uxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "maht fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "med⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjut xwaeH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
}
],
"word": "物化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Death"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "物化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese euphemisms",
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"to pass away"
],
"links": [
[
"pass away",
"pass away"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative, euphemistic) to pass away"
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wu⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wù-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wuhhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ухуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "uxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "maht fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "med⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjut xwaeH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "xiàshì",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "下世"
},
{
"roman": "shàngtiān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "上天"
},
{
"roman": "shànglù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "上路"
},
{
"roman": "bùzài",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "不在"
},
{
"roman": "bùxìng",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "不幸"
},
{
"word": "亡"
},
{
"roman": "wánggù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "亡故"
},
{
"roman": "xiānshì",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "仙逝"
},
{
"roman": "xiānyóu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "仙遊"
},
{
"roman": "xiānyóu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "仙游"
},
{
"roman": "zuògǔ",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "作古"
},
{
"roman": "zuòguǐ",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "做鬼"
},
{
"roman": "qīngshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "傾世"
},
{
"roman": "qīngshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "倾世"
},
{
"roman": "qīngwáng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "傾亡"
},
{
"roman": "qīngwáng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "倾亡"
},
{
"english": "of Buddhist monks",
"roman": "rùjì",
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"religion",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "入寂"
},
{
"english": "to die of old age",
"roman": "diāoxiè",
"word": "凋謝"
},
{
"english": "to die of old age",
"roman": "diāoxiè",
"word": "凋谢"
},
{
"roman": "huàqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "化去"
},
{
"roman": "shēngtiān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "升天"
},
{
"roman": "jíshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "即世"
},
{
"roman": "qùshì",
"word": "去世"
},
{
"roman": "héyǎn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "合眼"
},
{
"roman": "sàngwáng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "喪亡"
},
{
"roman": "sàngwáng",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "丧亡"
},
{
"roman": "sàngmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "喪命"
},
{
"roman": "sàngmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "丧命"
},
{
"roman": "sàngshēng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "喪生"
},
{
"roman": "sàngshēng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "丧生"
},
{
"roman": "wūhū",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "嗚呼"
},
{
"roman": "wūhū",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "呜呼"
},
{
"roman": "gěpì",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"derogatory",
"vulgar"
],
"word": "嗝屁"
},
{
"roman": "yànqì",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "嚥氣"
},
{
"roman": "yànqì",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "咽气"
},
{
"roman": "huí lǎojiā",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"humorous"
],
"word": "回老家"
},
{
"english": "of Buddhist monks or nuns",
"roman": "yuánjì",
"word": "圓寂"
},
{
"english": "of Buddhist monks or nuns",
"roman": "yuánjì",
"word": "圆寂"
},
{
"roman": "shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "壽終正寢"
},
{
"roman": "shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "寿终正寝"
},
{
"roman": "ānxī",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "安息"
},
{
"roman": "ānmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "安眠"
},
{
"roman": "xiǎo lǎbār chuī le",
"tags": [
"Beijing",
"Mandarin"
],
"word": "小喇叭兒吹了"
},
{
"roman": "xiǎo lǎbār chuī le",
"tags": [
"Beijing",
"Mandarin"
],
"word": "小喇叭儿吹了"
},
{
"english": "to die a martyr",
"roman": "jiùyì",
"word": "就義"
},
{
"english": "to die a martyr",
"roman": "jiùyì",
"word": "就义"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "bēng",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "崩"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "bēngcú",
"tags": [
"Classical",
"usually"
],
"word": "崩殂"
},
{
"roman": "wǎngshēng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "往生"
},
{
"roman": "hūrán",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "忽然"
},
{
"roman": "guà",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "掛"
},
{
"roman": "guà",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "挂"
},
{
"roman": "gù",
"word": "故"
},
{
"english": "chiefly of one's elders",
"roman": "gùshì",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "故世"
},
{
"english": "chiefly of one's elders",
"roman": "gùqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "故去"
},
{
"roman": "bìmìng",
"tags": [
"pejorative"
],
"word": "斃命"
},
{
"roman": "bìmìng",
"tags": [
"pejorative"
],
"word": "毙命"
},
{
"roman": "zǎosǐ",
"word": "早死"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "yànjià",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "晏駕"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "yànjià",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "晏驾"
},
{
"roman": "kūsǐ",
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"literary"
],
"word": "枯死"
},
{
"roman": "qìshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "棄世"
},
{
"roman": "qìshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "弃世"
},
{
"roman": "guītiān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "歸天"
},
{
"roman": "guītiān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "归天"
},
{
"roman": "guīxī",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "歸西"
},
{
"roman": "guīxī",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "归西"
},
{
"roman": "guī dàoshān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "歸道山"
},
{
"roman": "guī dàoshān",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "归道山"
},
{
"roman": "sǐ",
"word": "死"
},
{
"roman": "sǐwáng",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "死亡"
},
{
"roman": "sǐrén",
"word": "死人"
},
{
"roman": "sǐqù",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "死去"
},
{
"roman": "sǐdiào",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "死掉"
},
{
"roman": "sǐqiàoqiào",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "死翹翹"
},
{
"roman": "sǐqiàoqiào",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "死翘翘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "死脫"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "死脱 (2xi-theq)"
},
{
"roman": "yǔn",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "殞"
},
{
"roman": "yǔn",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "殒"
},
{
"roman": "qìjué",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "氣絕"
},
{
"roman": "qìjué",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "气绝"
},
{
"roman": "yǒngmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"honorific"
],
"word": "永眠"
},
{
"roman": "mòshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "沒世"
},
{
"roman": "mòshì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "没世"
},
{
"roman": "chénmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "沉眠"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "消忒"
},
{
"roman": "bìmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"formal"
],
"word": "畢命"
},
{
"roman": "bìmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"formal"
],
"word": "毕命"
},
{
"english": "to die of illness",
"roman": "bìngwáng",
"word": "病亡"
},
{
"english": "to die of illness",
"roman": "bìnggù",
"word": "病故"
},
{
"english": "to die of illness",
"roman": "bìngsǐ",
"word": "病死"
},
{
"english": "to die of illness",
"roman": "bìngshì",
"word": "病逝"
},
{
"english": "of the elderly",
"roman": "bǎiniánguīlǎo",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "百年歸老"
},
{
"english": "of the elderly",
"roman": "bǎiniánguīlǎo",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "百年归老"
},
{
"roman": "jìnmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "盡命"
},
{
"roman": "jìnmìng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"literary"
],
"word": "尽命"
},
{
"roman": "zhōng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "終"
},
{
"roman": "zhōng",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "终"
},
{
"roman": "jué",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "絕"
},
{
"roman": "jué",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "绝"
},
{
"roman": "qiào biànzi",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "翹辮子"
},
{
"roman": "qiào biànzi",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "翘辫子"
},
{
"english": "of the elderly",
"roman": "lǎo le",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "老了"
},
{
"roman": "méngzhǔchǒngzhào",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "蒙主寵召"
},
{
"roman": "méngzhǔchǒngzhào",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "蒙主宠召"
},
{
"english": "of feudal lords or high officials",
"roman": "hōng",
"tags": [
"Classical-Chinese"
],
"word": "薨"
},
{
"english": "of feudal lords",
"roman": "hōngshì",
"word": "薨逝"
},
{
"english": "to be killed in a disaster, political incident",
"roman": "bèinàn",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "被難"
},
{
"english": "to be killed in a disaster, political incident",
"roman": "bèinàn",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "被难"
},
{
"english": "of one's parents or elders",
"roman": "jiànbèi",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "見背"
},
{
"english": "of one's parents or elders",
"roman": "jiànbèi",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "见背"
},
{
"roman": "jiàn Yánwáng",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "見閻王"
},
{
"roman": "jiàn Yánwáng",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "见阎王"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "bīntiān",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "賓天"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "bīntiān",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "宾天"
},
{
"roman": "zǒu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "走"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "走去踮"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"from unnatural causes"
],
"roman": "shēnwáng",
"tags": [
"formal",
"usually"
],
"word": "身亡"
},
{
"roman": "císhì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "辭世"
},
{
"roman": "císhì",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "辞世"
},
{
"roman": "shìshì",
"word": "逝世"
},
{
"roman": "jìn guāncái",
"word": "進棺材"
},
{
"roman": "jìn guāncái",
"word": "进棺材"
},
{
"roman": "guòshì",
"word": "過世"
},
{
"roman": "guòshì",
"word": "过世"
},
{
"roman": "guòqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "過去"
},
{
"roman": "guòqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "过去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "過往"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Teochew",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "过往"
},
{
"roman": "guòshēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "過身"
},
{
"roman": "guòshēn",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "过身"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "過面"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "过面"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "長山賣鴨卵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "长山卖鸭卵"
},
{
"roman": "chángmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"honorific"
],
"word": "長眠"
},
{
"roman": "chángmián",
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"honorific"
],
"word": "长眠"
},
{
"roman": "bìyǎn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "閉眼"
},
{
"roman": "bìyǎn",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "闭眼"
},
{
"roman": "yǔnluò",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "隕落"
},
{
"roman": "yǔnluò",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "陨落"
},
{
"roman": "líshì",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "離世"
},
{
"roman": "líshì",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "离世"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "jiàbēng",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "駕崩"
},
{
"english": "of a king, emperor, monarch",
"roman": "jiàbēng",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "驾崩"
},
{
"roman": "jiàhèxīqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "駕鶴西去"
},
{
"roman": "jiàhèxīqù",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "驾鹤西去"
},
{
"roman": "jiàhèxīyóu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "駕鶴西遊"
},
{
"roman": "jiàhèxīyóu",
"tags": [
"euphemistic"
],
"word": "驾鹤西游"
},
{
"english": "of an emperor",
"roman": "lóngyùshàngbīn",
"word": "龍馭上賓"
},
{
"english": "of an emperor",
"roman": "lóngyùshàngbīn",
"word": "龙驭上宾"
}
],
"word": "物化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Death"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "物化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"change of things"
],
"links": [
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) change of things"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese euphemisms",
"Chinese literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
"death"
],
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, figurative, euphemistic) death"
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"figuratively",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wu⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wù-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wuhhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ухуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "uxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "maht fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "med⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjut xwaeH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
}
],
"word": "物化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Death"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "物化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Psychology",
"zh:Sociology"
],
"glosses": [
"to objectify; reify"
],
"links": [
[
"sociology",
"sociology"
],
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"objectify",
"objectify"
],
[
"reify",
"reify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sociology, psychology) to objectify; reify"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"sociology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wu⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wù-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wuhhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ухуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "uxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "maht fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "med⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjut xwaeH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kètǐhuà",
"word": "客體化／客体化"
},
{
"roman": "duìxiànghuà",
"word": "對象化／对象化"
},
{
"roman": "kètǐhuà",
"word": "客體化"
},
{
"roman": "kètǐhuà",
"word": "客体化"
},
{
"roman": "duìxiànghuà",
"word": "對象化"
},
{
"roman": "duìxiànghuà",
"word": "对象化"
}
],
"word": "物化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:Death"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "物化",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "wùlǐ huàxué, “physical chemistry”",
"word": "物理化學"
},
{
"extra": "wùlǐ huàxué, “physical chemistry”",
"word": "物理化学"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for 物理化學／物理化学 (wùlǐ huàxué, “physical chemistry”)."
],
"links": [
[
"物理化學",
"物理化學#Chinese"
],
[
"物理化学",
"物理化学#Chinese"
],
[
"physical chemistry",
"physical chemistry"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁶ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wùhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wu⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wù-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wuhhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ухуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "uxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "maht fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mat⁹ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "med⁶ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "mjut xwaeH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
},
{
"ipa": "/u⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɐt̚² faː³³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.mut qʷʰˤaj-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*mɯd hŋʷraːls/"
}
],
"word": "物化"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.