See -u on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-osyo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-osyo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cms",
"2": "-aihi"
},
"expansion": "Messapic -aihi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "-i",
"3": "",
"4": "of the, etc."
},
"expansion": "Albanian -i (“of the, etc.”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "i",
"3": "",
"4": "of, the, to"
},
"expansion": "Albanian i (“of, the, to”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Suffixed definite article attached on nouns ending with g, k, h. From the ending Proto-Indo-European *-osyo. cognate to Messapic -aihi.\nRelated to Albanian -i (“of the, etc.”), Albanian i (“of, the, to”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "article",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-u m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "article",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian articles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "zog (“bird”) + -u → zogu (“the bird”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "treg (“market”) + -u → tregu (“the market”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "flok (“hair”) + -u → floku (“the hair”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "plak (“old man”) + -u → plaku (“the old man”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gjynah (“sin”) + -u → gjynahu (“the sin”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(note: -u shifts towards -i among some Gheg dialects; zogi instead of zogu)",
"text": "jeh (“echo”) + -u → jehu (“the echo”)",
"translation": "(note: -u shifts towards -i among some Gheg dialects; zogi instead of zogu)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine singular nominative and accusative suffixed definite article: the"
],
"id": "en--u-sq-article-KMOSh4Tk",
"links": [
[
"suffixed",
"suffixed#English"
],
[
"definite",
"definite#English"
],
[
"article",
"article#English"
],
[
"the",
"the"
]
],
"related": [
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ë"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-i"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-o"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ja"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-je"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-jë"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-at"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-et"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ët"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-it"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ot"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ut"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-të"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ri"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ishte"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ishtja"
},
{
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"article"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"article"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"article"
],
"word": "së"
},
{
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"article"
],
"word": "të"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[u]"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"out, outwards; used to modify verb direction"
],
"id": "en--u-chk-suffix-E3131tPA",
"links": [
[
"out",
"out"
],
[
"outwards",
"outwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto BRO1",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "deponent"
},
"expansion": "deponent",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology unclear. Perhaps from the Greek -ou imperative (pronounced [u]) of deponent verbs such as dekhou “receive!”, or from the Hebrew imperative -û. It may instead—or also—be connected to the vowel of the Esperanto conditional suffix -us, minus the s of the indicative inflections.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages linking to anchors not found in Appendix:Glossary",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Give it to me. (expresses a request or command)",
"text": "Donu ĝin al mi.",
"translation": "Give it to me. (expresses a request or command)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"english": "Let's do that. (expresses a desire or aim)",
"text": "Ni faru tion.",
"translation": "Let's do that. (expresses a desire or aim)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
13
]
],
"english": "I ought to go to sleep. (expresses desirability of the action)",
"text": "Mi iru dormi.",
"translation": "I ought to go to sleep. (expresses desirability of the action)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
],
[
15,
28
]
],
"english": "May your child be successful in life. (wish or desire)",
"text": "Via infano sukcesu en la vivo.",
"translation": "May your child be successful in life. (wish or desire)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"english": "I want you to help me. (desire)",
"text": "Mi volas, ke vi helpu min.",
"translation": "I want you to help me. (desire)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
25
]
],
"english": "She asks that I be silent. (request)",
"text": "Ŝi petas, ke mi silentu.",
"translation": "She asks that I be silent. (request)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "verbs"
},
{
"word": "indicating that an action or state is desired"
},
{
"word": "requested"
},
{
"word": "ordered"
},
{
"word": "or aimed for"
}
],
"glosses": [
"volitive inflection of verbs, indicating that an action or state is desired, requested, ordered, or aimed for."
],
"id": "en--u-eo-suffix-fpslSDXB",
"links": [
[
"volitive",
"Appendix:Glossary#volitive"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"volitive"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto BRO1",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Apparently connected to the u at the end of unu (“one, a certain”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto correlatives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kiu (“what individual, who”)"
},
{
"text": "tiu (“that individual, that one”)"
},
{
"text": "ĉiu (“all individuals, everyone”)"
},
{
"text": "iu (“some individual, someone”)"
},
{
"text": "neniu (“no individual, nobody”)"
},
{
"text": "(unofficial) aliu (“another individual, someone else”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-one. (Ending of the individual correlatives.)"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en--u-eo-suffix-J6l~Ex4k",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-w"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-w",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -u",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-w (as applied to stems ending in -e). Cognate with Finnish -u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-u",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-u",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-u",
"9": "",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-u (genitive -u, partitive -u)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "-u",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-u (genitive -u, partitive -u)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "jagama \"to divide\" → jagu \"a part, a share\""
},
{
"text": "kaduma \"to disappear\" → kadu \"loss, losing\""
},
{
"text": "sise- \"inside\" → sisu \"content\""
},
{
"text": "pesema \"to wash\" → pesu \"wash, washing\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives nouns from verbs or prefixes"
],
"id": "en--u-et-suffix-PyKqzVaf",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "47 53",
"word": "-ukka"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53",
"word": "-ula"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53",
"word": "-uli"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53",
"word": "-ura"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53",
"word": "-us"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-u"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-w"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-w",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -u",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-u, from Proto-Uralic *-w (originally as applied to stems ending in -e or -ä). Cognate with Estonian -u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-y",
"tags": [
"front-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "1/valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ua",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-una",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-utta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "1/valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uuni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uumme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uunne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uunsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ua",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-una",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-utta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uideni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uuni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uumme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uunne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uunsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem2}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem2}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "y"
},
"expansion": "U",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "linguistic notation",
"14": "-U",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "front vowel harmony variant",
"4": "-y",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-u (front vowel harmony variant -y, linguistic notation -U)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"var": "y"
},
"expansion": "-u (front vowel harmony variant -y, linguistic notation -U)",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "u",
"5": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-valo"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-palvelu"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "47 53",
"word": "-o"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 53",
"word": "-uu"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "hyppiä (“to be jumping”) + -u → hyppy (“jump”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "itkeä (“to cry”) + -u → itku (“cry(ing)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pestä (“to wash”) + -u → pesu (“wash(ing)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "potkia (“to kick”) + -u → potku (“kick”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "urheilla (“to practice sport”) + -u → urheilu (“sport”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from verbs. Most common with e- and i-stem verbs."
],
"id": "en--u-fi-suffix-8BlU1mqI",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish palvelu-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish valo-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "silmä (“eye”) + -u → silmu (“bud”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sisä- (“inside”) + -u → sisu (“determination, perseverance”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives a number of nouns from other nouns."
],
"id": "en--u-fi-suffix-3K936I64",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ūtus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ūtus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ūtus"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ūtus",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ūtus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ues",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-u (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ue, masculine plural -us, feminine plural -ues)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "barbe (“beard”) + -u → barbu (“bearded”)"
},
{
"text": "ventre (“belly”) + -u → ventru (“pot-bellied, rounded”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms adjectives having the sense of ‘having quality of, being provided with’ (the root word)"
],
"id": "en--u-fr-suffix-g4cu3ORz",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/y/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-𐌿"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"romanization of -𐌿"
],
"id": "en--u-got-romanization-8Yw4bTXr",
"links": [
[
"-𐌿",
"-𐌿#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n-v",
"2": "trunc",
"vowel-link": "j"
},
"expansion": "-u (n-v, truncative, uses -j- as interfix)",
"name": "kl-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"lang_code": "kl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greenlandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greenlandic links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ilinniartitsisoq (“teacher”) -> ilinniartitsisiuuvugut (“we are teachers”) ."
},
{
"english": "It is winter.",
"text": "Ukiuuvoq.",
"translation": "It is winter."
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
73,
75
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
32,
34
]
],
"english": "MP Jakob Sivertsen, of Atassut, is diligent.",
"ref": "1998 May 7, “Tasiilami efterskoleqalernissaa Jakob Sivertsen-ip sulissutigaa”, in Atuagagdliutit / Grønlandsposten:",
"text": "Inatsisartunut ilaasortaq Jakob Sivertsen Atassummeersoq ilungersornertuujuvoq.",
"translation": "MP Jakob Sivertsen, of Atassut, is diligent.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
7
],
[
12,
13
],
[
29,
30
],
[
52,
53
],
[
60,
61
],
[
93,
94
],
[
96,
97
],
[
122,
123
],
[
134,
135
],
[
141,
142
],
[
151,
152
],
[
164,
165
],
[
165,
166
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
32,
34
],
[
132,
134
]
],
"english": "Our son has become gay (it was discovered when he was 19 years old), and the youngest girl has become a lesbian. The middle [child] is as she should be [i.e. heterosexual].",
"ref": "1992, “Meeqqakka”, in Atuagagdliutit/Grønlandsposten:",
"text": "Ernerput anguteqatiminoortartunngorsimavoq (19-inik ukioqarluni paasineqarpoq), niviarsiararlu nukarleq arnaqatiminoortartunngorsimalluni. Akulleq pissusissamisoortuuvoq.",
"translation": "Our son has become gay (it was discovered when he was 19 years old), and the youngest girl has become a lesbian. The middle [child] is as she should be [i.e. heterosexual].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"be"
],
"id": "en--u-kl-suffix-RlmcW7XD",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"tags": [
"interfix-j",
"morpheme",
"truncative",
"verb-from-noun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-u/",
"note": "Nuuk"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʊ]",
"note": "Nuuk"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-us"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "apa (“father”) → apu (“dad”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun or a proper noun to form a diminutive."
],
"id": "en--u-hu-suffix-hu:diminutive",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"proper noun",
"proper noun#English"
],
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(diminutive suffix) Added to a noun or a proper noun to form a diminutive."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:diminutive"
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[u]"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "weak feminine"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"pos": "oblique ending of feminine on-stem nouns"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (oblique ending of feminine on-stem nouns)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (oblique ending of feminine on-stem nouns).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kona (“woman”) + -u → konu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "taska (“bag”) + -u → tösku",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "most weak feminine nouns",
"word": "-a f"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative/dative/genitive singular of -a f (most weak feminine nouns)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-8RhbWZlb",
"links": [
[
"-a",
"-a#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"pos": "adjective ending"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (adjective ending)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (adjective ending).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "góður (“good”) + -u → góðu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "latur (“lazy”) + -u → lötu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(most adjectives):",
"word": "-ur"
},
{
"extra": "most adjectives",
"word": "-ur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ur (most adjectives)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-HzwJmSD5",
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of -ur (most adjectives):"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(most adjectives):",
"word": "-ur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ur (most adjectives):",
"dative singular neuter strong"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-38YyAEzl",
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(most adjectives):",
"word": "-ur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ur (most adjectives):",
"accusative/dative/genitive singular feminine weak"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-Fc37iY9~",
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(most adjectives):",
"word": "-ur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ur (most adjectives):",
"plural weak"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-oDPlqcAc",
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "third person plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"pos": "third person plural"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (third person plural)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (third person plural).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
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],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 2 2 12 18 14 14 14 5 4 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "fara (“to go”) + -u → fóru (“(they) went”, past indicative)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fara (“to go”) + -u → færu (“(they) would go”, past subjunctive; with i-mutation)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "strong verbs",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of -a (strong verbs)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-KAK42yOJ",
"links": [
[
"-a",
"-a#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"morpheme",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"pos": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (infinitive)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (infinitive).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 2 2 12 18 14 14 14 5 4 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "mun- (“will”, stem) + -u → munu (infinitive)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "skal- (“shall”, stem) + -u → skulu (infinitive)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"infinitive ending of two (preterite-present) modal verbs"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-mWGF3y-6",
"links": [
[
"preterite-present",
"Appendix:Glossary#preterite-present_verb"
],
[
"modal verb",
"modal verb#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"infinitive ending of two (preterite-present) modal verbs:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "accusative dative singular"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
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"pos": "ō-stem dative"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (ō-stem dative)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (ō-stem dative)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 2 2 12 18 14 14 14 5 4 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kerling (“old woman”) + -u → kerlingu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Elísabet + -u → Elísabetu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Danmörk (“Denmark”) + -u → Danmörku",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sundrung (“discord”) + -u → sundrungu (optional form)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative and dative singular ending of some strong feminine nouns, especially those that end in -ing and female personal names"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix--p4NjPv8",
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 2 2 12 18 14 14 14 5 4 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "at night",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "að nóttu til",
"translation": "at night",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "at night",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "í nóttunni",
"translation": "at night",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"english": "(deep) into the night",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "fram eftir nóttu",
"translation": "(deep) into the night",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative and dative singular ending of some strong feminine nouns, especially those that end in -ing and female personal names",
"nótt (“night”) + -u → nóttu (petrified dative form of regular nótt)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-IAsss3sd",
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Icelandic"
],
[
"nótt",
"nótt#Icelandic"
],
[
"nóttu",
"nóttu#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 2 2 12 18 14 14 14 5 4 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
20,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
20
]
],
"english": "like snow in the sun",
"literal_meaning": "like dew before the sun",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "eins og dögg fyrir sólu",
"translation": "like snow in the sun",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative and dative singular ending of some strong feminine nouns, especially those that end in -ing and female personal names",
"sól (“sun”) + -u → sólu (rare)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-aH~ftN9l",
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Icelandic"
],
[
"sól",
"sól#Icelandic"
],
[
"sólu",
"sólu#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 6,
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"id": "accusative plural",
"pos": "masculine plural of u-stem nouns"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (masculine plural of u-stem nouns)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (masculine plural of u-stem nouns).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
26
]
],
"english": "He then called to his sons.",
"ref": "1875-80, Friðrik Eggerz, Úr fylgsnum fyrri aldar. I. Bjarni Pétursson á Skarði og getið niðja hans. Ævisaga Eggerts prests Jónssonar. II. Ævisaga Friðriks prests Eggerz., published 1950-52:",
"text": "Kallaði hann þá á sonu sína.",
"translation": "He then called to his sons.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
73,
77
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
78
]
],
"english": "Steinunn Þórðardóttir and Sveinbjörn Bárðarson had five daughters and two sons.",
"ref": "2004, “Kristinn heimur miðalda og Hrafn Sveinbjarnarson”, in Læknablaðið, number 90, archived from the original on 10 Aug 2024, page 169:",
"text": "Þau Steinunn Þórðardóttir og Sveinbjörn Bárðarson áttu fimm dætur og tvo sonu.",
"translation": "Steinunn Þórðardóttir and Sveinbjörn Bárðarson had five daughters and two sons.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"sonur (“son”) + -u → sonu (“sons”) (archaic or literary form of regular syni)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-nA8YtGTf",
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Icelandic"
],
[
"sonur",
"sonur#Icelandic"
],
[
"sonu",
"sonu#Icelandic"
],
[
"syni",
"syni#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary or in petrified phrases) indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"sonur (“son”) + -u → sonu (“sons”) (archaic or literary form of regular syni)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in petrified phrases"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"english": "in two/many/various ways",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "á tvo/marga/ýmsa vegu",
"translation": "in two/many/various ways",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
14
]
],
"english": "on three sides",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "á þrjá vegu",
"translation": "on three sides",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"vegur (“road, way”) + -u → vegu (“roads, ways”) (petrified form of regular vegi)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-zFoDe9o3",
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Icelandic"
],
[
"vegur",
"vegur#Icelandic"
],
[
"vegu",
"vegu#Icelandic"
],
[
"vegi",
"vegi#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary or in petrified phrases) indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"vegur (“road, way”) + -u → vegu (“roads, ways”) (petrified form of regular vegi)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in petrified phrases"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
24
]
],
"english": "to take control",
"literal_meaning": "to step forward before shields",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ganga fram fyrir skjöldu",
"translation": "to take control",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
25,
32
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
32
]
],
"english": "to take by surprise",
"literal_meaning": "to get (someone) in open shields",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "koma (einhverjum) í opna skjöldu",
"translation": "to take by surprise",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"skjöldur (“shield”) + -u → skjöldu (“shields”) (petrified form of regular skildi)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-Fxbyf4BU",
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Icelandic"
],
[
"skjöldur",
"skjöldur#Icelandic"
],
[
"skjöldu",
"skjöldu#Icelandic"
],
[
"skildi",
"skildi#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary or in petrified phrases) indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"skjöldur (“shield”) + -u → skjöldu (“shields”) (petrified form of regular skildi)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in petrified phrases"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
18
]
],
"english": "to tread new paths",
"literal_meaning": "to explore unknown paths",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "kanna ókunna stigu",
"translation": "to tread new paths",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "to put a stop to (something)",
"literal_meaning": "to stem paths against (something)",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "stemma stigu við (einhverju)",
"translation": "to put a stop to (something)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"stigur (“path”) + -u → stigu (“paths”) (alternative forms of regular stígur and accusative plural stíga)"
],
"id": "en--u-is-suffix-CeqblgQ2",
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Icelandic"
],
[
"stigur",
"stigur#Icelandic"
],
[
"stigu",
"stigu#Icelandic"
],
[
"stígur",
"stígur#Icelandic"
],
[
"stíga",
"stíga#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary or in petrified phrases) indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"stigur (“path”) + -u → stigu (“paths”) (alternative forms of regular stígur and accusative plural stíga)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in petrified phrases"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "tu"
},
"expansion": "French tu",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "tu"
},
"expansion": "Italian tu",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "tú"
},
"expansion": "Spanish tú",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "vous"
},
"expansion": "French vous",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "voi"
},
"expansion": "Italian voi",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "vos"
},
"expansion": "Spanish vos",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Common vowel found in pronouns in Romance languages: French tu, Italian tu and Spanish tú, also in French vous and as an o in Italian voi and Spanish vos, etc. (Compare tu and vu)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "omna (“all, every”) + -u → omnu (“everyone”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to form pronouns indicating a person"
],
"id": "en--u-io-suffix-xiFDogRu",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-u"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -u",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -u",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-u. Cognates include Finnish -u and Estonian -u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "4/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ua",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ui",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-unna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-unt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "front vowel variant",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "-u (front vowel variant -y)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-y"
},
"expansion": "-u (front vowel variant -y)",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--u-izh-suffix-~IfGbXPF",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-u/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-u]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-u/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-u]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ᐅ",
"tags": [
"Syllabics"
]
},
{
"form": "-ngu",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-iu",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iu",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "Syllabics",
"4": "-ᐅ"
},
"expansion": "-u (Syllabics -ᐅ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"lang_code": "iu",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Inuktitut entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He is a hunter.",
"text": "angunasuktiujuq.",
"translation": "He is a hunter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be (copula)"
],
"id": "en--u-iu-verb-3vfKp9tI",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "ja-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "う"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of う"
],
"id": "en--u-ja-romanization-1uv-gtVd",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"う",
"う#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kg",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kongo",
"lang_code": "kg",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kongo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns denoting action or result of action"
],
"id": "en--u-kg-suffix-ZRjzTtAk",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ū",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form",
"head": "-ū"
},
"expansion": "-ū",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-us for fourth-declension nouns"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ablative/locative singular of -us for fourth-declension nouns."
],
"id": "en--u-la-suffix-t7aJmzGX",
"links": [
[
"-us",
"-us#Latin"
],
[
"fourth-declension",
"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"form-of",
"locative",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ـهُ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic ـهُ (-hu)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic ـهُ (-hu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-h",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Maltese personal pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sħab (“friends”) + -u → sħabu (“his friends”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "taħt (“under”) + -u → taħtu (“under him”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "jinsa (“he forgets”) + -u → jinsieh (“he forgets him”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"3rd-person masculine singular pronominal suffix: his, him"
],
"id": "en--u-mt-suffix-mt:pronoun",
"links": [
[
"his",
"his"
],
[
"him",
"him"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "hu"
},
{
"word": "huwa"
}
],
"senseid": [
"mt:pronoun"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tiegħu"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Maori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Maori entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in contractions with particles of possession to mean you"
],
"id": "en--u-mi-suffix-GfEKLNlU",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "au"
},
{
"word": "ahau"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "māuatāua"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "mātoutātou"
},
{
"word": "koe"
},
{
"word": "kōrua"
},
{
"word": "koutou"
},
{
"word": "ia"
},
{
"word": "rāua"
},
{
"word": "rātou"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "smi-pro",
"3": "*-ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-ō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-o"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -o",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Samic *-ō. Cognate with Finnish -o.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-even-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Even u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ọ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūide",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūiguin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-even-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-on",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ome",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-omet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-odet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uska",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uset",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "se-infl-noun-even-ng"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms result or action nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--u-se-suffix-YkLy-uhl",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-even-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Even u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ọ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūide",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūiguin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-even-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-on",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ome",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-omet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-odet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uska",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uset",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "se-infl-noun-even-ng"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "the suffix -i used with verbs in -ut"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of the suffix -i used with verbs in -ut."
],
"id": "en--u-se-suffix-GKqeqnJT",
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Northern_Sami"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nominative"
},
"expansion": "nominative",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-į̄",
"4": "",
"5": "feminine abstract ending"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-į̄ (“feminine abstract ending”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From suppletive fusion of ō-stem feminine singular nominative ending -u and Proto-Germanic *-į̄ (“feminine abstract ending”). Akin to Gothic feminine abstracts in -𐌴𐌹 (-ei) (compare 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌴𐌹 (mikilei, “greatness”); 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌴𐌹 (diupei, “depth”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-in-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f",
"head": "-u"
},
"expansion": "-u f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-in-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "-u,-e",
"3": "-u,-e",
"4": "-u,-e",
"5": "-u,-e",
"6": "-a",
"7": "-u,-e",
"8": "-um",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong īn-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 4 6 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 6 1 10 6 5 2 2 0 2 2 5 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 5 5 5 2 1 1 2 6 0 10 5 5 2 2 0 2 2 5 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 3 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 18 4 34 13 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 25 13 6 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "eald (“old”) + -u → ieldu (“age”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hāliġ (“holy, sacred; pious”) + -u → hāliġu (“holiness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hāl (“sound, healthy, intact”) + -u → hǣlu (“wholeness, health”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hāt (“hot”) + -u → hǣtu (“heat, warmth”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mennisċ (“human, natural, humane”) + -u → mennisċu (“humanity”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "miċel (“big, large; great”) + -u → miċelu (“greatness, size”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ending used to form abstract nouns from adjectives (compare Modern English -ness), normally causing i-mutation, and remaining even when preceded by a long syllable"
],
"id": "en--u-ang-suffix-vpXVpui5",
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-u"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "subjunctive"
},
"expansion": "subjunctive",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "lg"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-u, from Proto-Germanic *-ō. Apocope should have caused the loss of this ending after heavy stems, but the Anglian dialects generally retained it by analogy with short stems, or for its morphological significance. In West Saxon, this apocope led to replacement with the subjunctive singular -e, which was then extended to short stem verbs as well.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "ang-suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Anglian"
},
"expansion": "(Anglian)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Anglian Old English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "beran (“bear”) + -u → beru (“I bear”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "drīfan (“drive out”) + -u → drīfu (“I drive out”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sellan (“give”) + -u → sellu (“I give”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the first person singular present indicative of strong verbs and class I weak verbs"
],
"id": "en--u-ang-suffix-ADZHHv9a",
"links": [
[
"first person",
"Appendix:Glossary#first_person"
],
[
"present",
"Appendix:Glossary#present"
],
[
"indicative",
"Appendix:Glossary#indicative"
],
[
"strong verb",
"Appendix:Glossary#strong_verb"
],
[
"weak verb",
"Appendix:Glossary#weak_verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"Anglian",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-u"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-u, from Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f",
"head": "-u"
},
"expansion": "-u f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ġiefu (“gift”)"
},
{
"text": "lufu (“love”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the nominative singular of short ō-stem nouns"
],
"id": "en--u-ang-suffix-opLnDY~4",
"tags": [
"Anglian",
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-u"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-uz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-uz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-u, from Proto-Germanic *-uz",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "-u"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sunu (“son”)"
},
{
"text": "wudu (“forest”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the nominative and accusative singular of short u-stem nouns"
],
"id": "en--u-ang-suffix-Coly~TSX",
"links": [
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
]
],
"tags": [
"Anglian",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-u"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-u, from Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "n",
"head": "-u"
},
"expansion": "-u n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "clif (“cliff”) + -u → clifu (“cliffs”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sċip (“ship”) + -u → sċipu (“ships”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "rīċe (“kingdom”) + -u → rīċu (“kingdoms”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the nominative and accusative plural of short a-stem and all ija-stem neuter nouns"
],
"id": "en--u-ang-suffix-hA4SQi-f",
"links": [
[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
]
],
"tags": [
"Anglian",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 6,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "unārīmedlīċ + -u → unārīmedlīċu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the strong nominative feminine singular and strong nominative/accusative neuter plural of adjectives"
],
"id": "en--u-ang-suffix-gi-olst6",
"tags": [
"Anglian",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-u"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "-u"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ūtus"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ūtus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ūtus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix",
"sort": "u"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "boçu"
},
{
"word": "foillu"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffixed used to form adjectives (oblique masculine singular) from nouns"
],
"id": "en--u-fro-suffix-YNtJ83dr",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(when the preceding consonant (cluster) isn't palatalised)",
"word": "-iu"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of -iu (when the preceding consonant (cluster) isn't palatalised)"
],
"id": "en--u-sga-suffix-n246j9RH",
"links": [
[
"-iu",
"-iu#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "-u"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-unz",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "u-stem accusative plural",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-unz (u-stem accusative plural)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-unz",
"pos": "u-stem accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Germanic *-unz (u-stem accusative plural)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ums",
"pos": "u-stem accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ums (u-stem accusative plural)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-us",
"3": "*-ms",
"nocat": "1",
"pos1": "u-stem suffix",
"pos2": "accusative plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-us (u-stem suffix) + *-ms (accusative plural suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Germanic *-unz (u-stem accusative plural), from Proto-Indo-European *-ums (u-stem accusative plural), from *-us (u-stem suffix) + *-ms (accusative plural suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sunr (“son”) + -u → sunu (“sons”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the indefinite accusative plural of masculine u-stem nouns."
],
"id": "en--u-non-suffix-ix7UTcrw",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"Appendix:Glossary#indefinite"
],
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-u"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-u"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-o"
},
{
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-o"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ō-stem dative"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōi",
"pos": "ō-stem dative singular"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōi (ō-stem dative singular)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-eh₂ey"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ey",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-eh₂",
"3": "*-ey",
"nocat": "1",
"pos1": "eh₂-stem suffix",
"pos2": "dative singular suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-eh₂ (eh₂-stem suffix) + *-ey (dative singular suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-ōmi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōmi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*-eh₂mi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂mi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-eh₂",
"3": "*-mi",
"nocat": "1",
"pos1": "eh₂-stem suffix",
"pos2": "instrumental singular suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-eh₂ (eh₂-stem suffix) + *-mi (instrumental singular suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear; there are multiple possibilities:\n* From Proto-Germanic *-ōi (ō-stem dative singular), from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ey, from *-eh₂ (eh₂-stem suffix) + *-ey (dative singular suffix), either directly or by analogical restitution of the long diphthong from other case forms it was shortened; parallels to the proposed sound change are lacking, but there are no clear counterexamples either.\n* From a supposed Proto-Germanic ō-stem instrumental singular Proto-Germanic *-ōmi, from late Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂mi, from *-eh₂ (eh₂-stem suffix) + *-mi (instrumental singular suffix), but the posited form has no parallels within Germanic and few elsewhere; furthermore, it could be expected to become *-um, not *-u (compare the Proto-Germanic ō-stem dative plural *-ōmiz).\n* From the generally reconstructed u-stem instrumental singular Proto-Germanic *-ō; two explanations have been developed for the failure of this ending to undergo expected apocope:\n** After it had been shortened to -u, it was relengthened by analogy with the other oblique cases, thus rendering it ineligible for apocope.\n** When apocope occured in heavy-stemmed nouns, it was analogically restored on the basis of light-stemmed nouns; in turn, it was restored on the basis of the heavy-stemmed nouns when it was lost in light-stemmed nouns, though the failure of such analogical restoration to operate in other noun paradigms is suspicious.\n* From a late analogical extension from the ōn-stem oblique singular, but the ō-stem and ōn-stem paradigms do not particularly resemble each other.\nIf the ending is inherited, the endingless indefinite dative singular usual to ō-stems would be by analogy with the i-stems.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "laug (“bath”) + -u → laugu (“to the bath”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the indefinite dative singular of some ō-stem nouns and a few feminine consonant-stem and i-stem nouns, sometimes optionally."
],
"id": "en--u-non-suffix-mmotfnjE",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"Appendix:Glossary#indefinite"
],
[
"dative",
"Appendix:Glossary#dative"
],
[
"singular",
"Appendix:Glossary#singular"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 23 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the indefinite accusative singular of a few ō-stem nouns, mainly personal names"
],
"id": "en--u-non-suffix-7THvQG-F",
"links": [
[
"indefinite",
"Appendix:Glossary#indefinite"
],
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"singular",
"Appendix:Glossary#singular"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Proto-Germanic"
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine singular agreement suffix"
],
"id": "en--u-phl-suffix-xMVj8~6W",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-u"
},
{
"ipa": "-o/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phalura",
"lang_code": "phl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Phalura entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine nominative/singular agreement suffix"
],
"id": "en--u-phl-suffix-i6PZRXo3",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-u"
},
{
"ipa": "-o/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-u"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"u"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 6 7 7 7 6 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "polski + -u → po polsku",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the masculine dative singular, now used to create adverbs, always used in conjunction with po"
],
"id": "en--u-pl-suffix-ns~0KKG8",
"links": [
[
"po",
"po#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes archaic) forms the masculine dative singular, now used to create adverbs, always used in conjunction with po"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"morpheme",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kowal + -u → kowalu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the inanimate masculine genitive singular after soft or historically soft stems"
],
"id": "en--u-pl-suffix-JGJ1Hv9d",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "chłopiec + -u → chłopcu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the masculine dative singular in certain words"
],
"id": "en--u-pl-suffix-YNPkcrN-",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) forms the masculine dative singular in certain words"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kowal + -u → kowalu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the masculine locative singular"
],
"id": "en--u-pl-suffix-iailrYxS",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kowal + -u → kowalu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the masculine vocative singular"
],
"id": "en--u-pl-suffix-o3w50MhE",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mamusia + -u → mamusiu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the feminine vocative singular after -ś and -ź"
],
"id": "en--u-pl-suffix-fMJAQJ9F",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pole + -u → polu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "stoisko + -u → stoisku",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the neuter dative singular in soft and velar stems"
],
"id": "en--u-pl-suffix-w8jS~hDo",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pole + -u → polu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "stoisko + -u → stoisku",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the neuter locative singular in soft and velar stems"
],
"id": "en--u-pl-suffix-gks4-gZK",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
},
{
"homophone": "ó"
},
{
"homophone": "u"
},
{
"homophone": "u-"
},
{
"homophone": "-u-"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Accusative suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "doktor (“doctor”) + -u → doktoru",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-i after the vowels O"
},
{
"word": "U"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -i after the vowels O / U."
],
"id": "en--u-tr-suffix-4CNzWjt0",
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Possessive suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pantolon (“pants”) + -u → pantolonu (“his/her pants”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-i after the vowels O"
},
{
"word": "U"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -i after the vowels O / U."
],
"id": "en--u-tr-suffix-4CNzWjt01",
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Derivative suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-i after the vowels O"
},
{
"word": "U"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -i after the vowels O / U."
],
"id": "en--u-tr-suffix-4CNzWjt01",
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 23 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "duy- (“to feel, to sense”) + -u → duyu (“sense”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -i after the vowels O / U.",
"Derives nouns from verbs."
],
"id": "en--u-tr-suffix-NZoyP7oj",
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh -u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*-oβ̃"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-oβ̃",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh -u, from Proto-Brythonic *-oβ̃.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 27 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbnouns from verb stems."
],
"id": "en--u-cy-suffix-76XRIKQL",
"links": [
[
"verbnouns",
"w:Verbnoun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-eg"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-o"
},
{
"word": "-io"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɨ̞/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/i/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"word": "-u"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"word": "-u"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "jpx-ryu-pro"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Japonic",
"lang_code": "jpx-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/-u",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the terminal (shūshikei) forms of verbs."
],
"id": "en--u-jpx-pro-suffix-BnnLixHv",
"links": [
[
"shūshikei",
"終止形#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gem-pro:*-ō<id:noun suffix>",
"id": "noun suffix",
"pos": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"4": "*-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-ō, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-o",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*-u f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-o"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-u",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from verbs denoting the performance or result of that verb."
],
"id": "en--u-gmw-pro-suffix-vlPlg2sR",
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
],
[
"verbs",
"verbs#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-u"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-u"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "-u"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-w"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-w",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-w. Originally *-o was the result when the Proto-Uralic suffix was added to a-stems, like *-u was the result when added to stems with other vowels (ä, e/i), but this system broke down by Proto-Finnic and both suffixes could be used with any vowels (with less of an apparent pattern), although a tendency may have remained.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-u / *-ü",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-udën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-una",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-utta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "*-u / *-ü"
},
"expansion": "*-u / *-ü",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-u",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/rounded",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "karhëda (“coarse”) + *-u → *karhu (“bear (originally euphemistic)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mäntä (“mixing utensil made of the top of a young pine\")”) + *-u → *mäntü (“pine tree”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "itkedäk (“to cry, weep”) + *-u → *itku (“cry, weeping”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from adjectives, nouns, and verbs, most commonly from e-stems."
],
"id": "en--u-urj-fin-pro-suffix-~z9CWhUv",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "-u",
"word": "-𐌿"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-we"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-we",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ve"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ve",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἤ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἤ (ḗ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "wa"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B wa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वा"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वा (vā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "αὖ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek αὖ (aû)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उ",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit उ (u, “and”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Pre-Germanic *-we, from Proto-Indo-European *-we, which would make it cognate to Latin -ve, Ancient Greek ἤ (ḗ), Tocharian B wa and Sanskrit वा (vā).\nAlternatively, from *h₂u, whence possibly also Ancient Greek αὖ (aû) and Sanskrit उ (u, “and”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "East Germanic"
},
"expansion": "(East Germanic)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-u",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "East Proto-Germanic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to the end of a word in a phrase (usually the first word) to make it a question."
],
"id": "en--u-gem-pro-particle-fHskLLQv",
"tags": [
"East",
"Germanic",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Egyptian"
],
"word": "-w"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "-ū"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "lengthened",
"translation": "lengthened",
"word": "-u"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "afa-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Afroasiatic",
"lang_code": "afa-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Afroasiatic/-u",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Afroasiatic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine suffix"
],
"id": "en--u-afa-pro-suffix-tFmyTdDw",
"links": [
[
"Masculine",
"Appendix:Glossary#masculine"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Afroasiatic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nominative suffix"
],
"id": "en--u-afa-pro-suffix-jecRc1Fa",
"links": [
[
"Nominative",
"Appendix:Glossary#nominative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"reconstruction",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Afroasiatic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Plural suffix"
],
"id": "en--u-afa-pro-suffix-kth--WdG",
"links": [
[
"Plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*-n"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"plural",
"reconstruction",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-osyo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-osyo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cms",
"2": "-aihi"
},
"expansion": "Messapic -aihi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "-i",
"3": "",
"4": "of the, etc."
},
"expansion": "Albanian -i (“of the, etc.”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "i",
"3": "",
"4": "of, the, to"
},
"expansion": "Albanian i (“of, the, to”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Suffixed definite article attached on nouns ending with g, k, h. From the ending Proto-Indo-European *-osyo. cognate to Messapic -aihi.\nRelated to Albanian -i (“of the, etc.”), Albanian i (“of, the, to”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "article",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-u m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "article",
"related": [
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-e"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ë"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-i"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-o"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ia"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ja"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-je"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-jë"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-at"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-et"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ët"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-it"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ot"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ut"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-të"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ri"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ishte"
},
{
"sense": "suffixed article",
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-ishtja"
},
{
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"article"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"article"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"article"
],
"word": "së"
},
{
"sense": "preposition",
"tags": [
"article"
],
"word": "të"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Albanian articles",
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "zog (“bird”) + -u → zogu (“the bird”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "treg (“market”) + -u → tregu (“the market”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "flok (“hair”) + -u → floku (“the hair”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "plak (“old man”) + -u → plaku (“the old man”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gjynah (“sin”) + -u → gjynahu (“the sin”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(note: -u shifts towards -i among some Gheg dialects; zogi instead of zogu)",
"text": "jeh (“echo”) + -u → jehu (“the echo”)",
"translation": "(note: -u shifts towards -i among some Gheg dialects; zogi instead of zogu)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine singular nominative and accusative suffixed definite article: the"
],
"links": [
[
"suffixed",
"suffixed#English"
],
[
"definite",
"definite#English"
],
[
"article",
"article#English"
],
[
"the",
"the"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[u]"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chuukese lemmas",
"Chuukese suffixes",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"out, outwards; used to modify verb direction"
],
"links": [
[
"out",
"out"
],
[
"outwards",
"outwards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro",
"Esperanto BRO1",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"Esperanto suffixes",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "deponent"
},
"expansion": "deponent",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology unclear. Perhaps from the Greek -ou imperative (pronounced [u]) of deponent verbs such as dekhou “receive!”, or from the Hebrew imperative -û. It may instead—or also—be connected to the vowel of the Esperanto conditional suffix -us, minus the s of the indicative inflections.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto terms with usage examples",
"Pages linking to anchors not found in Appendix:Glossary"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Give it to me. (expresses a request or command)",
"text": "Donu ĝin al mi.",
"translation": "Give it to me. (expresses a request or command)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"english": "Let's do that. (expresses a desire or aim)",
"text": "Ni faru tion.",
"translation": "Let's do that. (expresses a desire or aim)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
13
]
],
"english": "I ought to go to sleep. (expresses desirability of the action)",
"text": "Mi iru dormi.",
"translation": "I ought to go to sleep. (expresses desirability of the action)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
0,
3
],
[
15,
28
]
],
"english": "May your child be successful in life. (wish or desire)",
"text": "Via infano sukcesu en la vivo.",
"translation": "May your child be successful in life. (wish or desire)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"english": "I want you to help me. (desire)",
"text": "Mi volas, ke vi helpu min.",
"translation": "I want you to help me. (desire)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
25
]
],
"english": "She asks that I be silent. (request)",
"text": "Ŝi petas, ke mi silentu.",
"translation": "She asks that I be silent. (request)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "verbs"
},
{
"word": "indicating that an action or state is desired"
},
{
"word": "requested"
},
{
"word": "ordered"
},
{
"word": "or aimed for"
}
],
"glosses": [
"volitive inflection of verbs, indicating that an action or state is desired, requested, ordered, or aimed for."
],
"links": [
[
"volitive",
"Appendix:Glossary#volitive"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"volitive"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro",
"Esperanto BRO1",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"Esperanto suffixes",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Apparently connected to the u at the end of unu (“one, a certain”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto correlatives"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "kiu (“what individual, who”)"
},
{
"text": "tiu (“that individual, that one”)"
},
{
"text": "ĉiu (“all individuals, everyone”)"
},
{
"text": "iu (“some individual, someone”)"
},
{
"text": "neniu (“no individual, nobody”)"
},
{
"text": "(unofficial) aliu (“another individual, someone else”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-one. (Ending of the individual correlatives.)"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-w"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-w",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -u",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-w (as applied to stems ending in -e). Cognate with Finnish -u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-u",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"tags": [
"partitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"10": "",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "-u",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "partitive",
"8": "-u",
"9": "",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f2accel-form": "gen|s",
"f3accel-form": "par|s",
"f3request": "1",
"f4accel-form": "par|s",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-u (genitive -u, partitive -u)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "-u",
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-u (genitive -u, partitive -u)",
"name": "et-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Estonian lemmas",
"Estonian noun-forming suffixes",
"Estonian suffixes",
"Estonian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "jagama \"to divide\" → jagu \"a part, a share\""
},
{
"text": "kaduma \"to disappear\" → kadu \"loss, losing\""
},
{
"text": "sise- \"inside\" → sisu \"content\""
},
{
"text": "pesema \"to wash\" → pesu \"wash, washing\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives nouns from verbs or prefixes"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish noun-forming suffixes",
"Finnish palvelu-type nominals",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Finnish valo-type nominals",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ukka"
},
{
"word": "-ula"
},
{
"word": "-uli"
},
{
"word": "-ura"
},
{
"word": "-us"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-u"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-w"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-w",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -u",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-u, from Proto-Uralic *-w (originally as applied to stems ending in -e or -ä). Cognate with Estonian -u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-y",
"tags": [
"front-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "1/valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ua",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-una",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-utta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "1/valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uuni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uumme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uunne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-valo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uunsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ua",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-una",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-utta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "2/palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujeni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uideni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uuni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uusi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-umme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uumme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uunne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-palvelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uidensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ujansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ussansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ustansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uunsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ultansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ullensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-unansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ukseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uttansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem2}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem2}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "y"
},
"expansion": "U",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "linguistic notation",
"14": "-U",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "front vowel harmony variant",
"4": "-y",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-u (front vowel harmony variant -y, linguistic notation -U)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"var": "y"
},
"expansion": "-u (front vowel harmony variant -y, linguistic notation -U)",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "u",
"5": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-valo"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-palvelu"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-o"
},
{
"word": "-uu"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "hyppiä (“to be jumping”) + -u → hyppy (“jump”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "itkeä (“to cry”) + -u → itku (“cry(ing)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pestä (“to wash”) + -u → pesu (“wash(ing)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "potkia (“to kick”) + -u → potku (“kick”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "urheilla (“to practice sport”) + -u → urheilu (“sport”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from verbs. Most common with e- and i-stem verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "silmä (“eye”) + -u → silmu (“bud”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sisä- (“inside”) + -u → sisu (“determination, perseverance”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derives a number of nouns from other nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ūtus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ūtus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ūtus"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ūtus",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ūtus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ues",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-u (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ue, masculine plural -us, feminine plural -ues)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French suffixes",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "barbe (“beard”) + -u → barbu (“bearded”)"
},
{
"text": "ventre (“belly”) + -u → ventru (“pot-bellied, rounded”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms adjectives having the sense of ‘having quality of, being provided with’ (the root word)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/y/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
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"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-𐌿"
}
],
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"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"-𐌿",
"-𐌿#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n-v",
"2": "trunc",
"vowel-link": "j"
},
"expansion": "-u (n-v, truncative, uses -j- as interfix)",
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}
],
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"lang_code": "kl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greenlandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Greenlandic lemmas",
"Greenlandic links with redundant target parameters",
"Greenlandic suffixes",
"Greenlandic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Greenlandic terms with quotations",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ilinniartitsisoq (“teacher”) -> ilinniartitsisiuuvugut (“we are teachers”) ."
},
{
"english": "It is winter.",
"text": "Ukiuuvoq.",
"translation": "It is winter."
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
73,
75
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
32,
34
]
],
"english": "MP Jakob Sivertsen, of Atassut, is diligent.",
"ref": "1998 May 7, “Tasiilami efterskoleqalernissaa Jakob Sivertsen-ip sulissutigaa”, in Atuagagdliutit / Grønlandsposten:",
"text": "Inatsisartunut ilaasortaq Jakob Sivertsen Atassummeersoq ilungersornertuujuvoq.",
"translation": "MP Jakob Sivertsen, of Atassut, is diligent.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
7
],
[
12,
13
],
[
29,
30
],
[
52,
53
],
[
60,
61
],
[
93,
94
],
[
96,
97
],
[
122,
123
],
[
134,
135
],
[
141,
142
],
[
151,
152
],
[
164,
165
],
[
165,
166
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
32,
34
],
[
132,
134
]
],
"english": "Our son has become gay (it was discovered when he was 19 years old), and the youngest girl has become a lesbian. The middle [child] is as she should be [i.e. heterosexual].",
"ref": "1992, “Meeqqakka”, in Atuagagdliutit/Grønlandsposten:",
"text": "Ernerput anguteqatiminoortartunngorsimavoq (19-inik ukioqarluni paasineqarpoq), niviarsiararlu nukarleq arnaqatiminoortartunngorsimalluni. Akulleq pissusissamisoortuuvoq.",
"translation": "Our son has become gay (it was discovered when he was 19 years old), and the youngest girl has become a lesbian. The middle [child] is as she should be [i.e. heterosexual].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"tags": [
"interfix-j",
"morpheme",
"truncative",
"verb-from-noun"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-u/",
"note": "Nuuk"
},
{
"ipa": "[-ʊ]",
"note": "Nuuk"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "-us"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "apa (“father”) → apu (“dad”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun or a proper noun to form a diminutive."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"proper noun",
"proper noun#English"
],
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(diminutive suffix) Added to a noun or a proper noun to form a diminutive."
],
"senseid": [
"hu:diminutive"
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[u]"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic inflectional suffixes",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic suffix forms",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "weak feminine"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"pos": "oblique ending of feminine on-stem nouns"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (oblique ending of feminine on-stem nouns)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (oblique ending of feminine on-stem nouns).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kona (“woman”) + -u → konu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "taska (“bag”) + -u → tösku",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "most weak feminine nouns",
"word": "-a f"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative/dative/genitive singular of -a f (most weak feminine nouns)"
],
"links": [
[
"-a",
"-a#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
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"dative",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Icelandic inflectional suffixes",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic suffix forms",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
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"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"pos": "adjective ending"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (adjective ending)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (adjective ending).",
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "góður (“good”) + -u → góðu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "latur (“lazy”) + -u → lötu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(most adjectives):",
"word": "-ur"
},
{
"extra": "most adjectives",
"word": "-ur"
}
],
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"inflection of -ur (most adjectives)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of -ur (most adjectives):"
],
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"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
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{
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"word": "-ur"
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],
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"dative singular neuter strong"
],
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
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"form-of",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
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},
{
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{
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],
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"accusative/dative/genitive singular feminine weak"
],
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
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"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"morpheme",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
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{
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"word": "-ur"
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],
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"inflection of -ur (most adjectives):",
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],
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic inflectional suffixes",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic suffix forms",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "third person plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"pos": "third person plural"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (third person plural)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (third person plural).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "fara (“to go”) + -u → fóru (“(they) went”, past indicative)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "fara (“to go”) + -u → færu (“(they) would go”, past subjunctive; with i-mutation)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "strong verbs",
"word": "-a"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural past indicative/subjunctive of -a (strong verbs)"
],
"links": [
[
"-a",
"-a#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
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"indicative",
"morpheme",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic inflectional suffixes",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic suffix forms",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"pos": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (infinitive)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (infinitive).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
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"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mun- (“will”, stem) + -u → munu (infinitive)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "skal- (“shall”, stem) + -u → skulu (infinitive)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"infinitive ending of two (preterite-present) modal verbs"
],
"links": [
[
"preterite-present",
"Appendix:Glossary#preterite-present_verb"
],
[
"modal verb",
"modal verb#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic inflectional suffixes",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic suffix forms",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "accusative dative singular"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
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{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
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"pos": "ō-stem dative"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (ō-stem dative)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (ō-stem dative)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "kerling (“old woman”) + -u → kerlingu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Elísabet + -u → Elísabetu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Danmörk (“Denmark”) + -u → Danmörku",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sundrung (“discord”) + -u → sundrungu (optional form)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative and dative singular ending of some strong feminine nouns, especially those that end in -ing and female personal names"
],
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "at night",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "að nóttu til",
"translation": "at night",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "at night",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "í nóttunni",
"translation": "at night",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
16
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
16,
21
]
],
"english": "(deep) into the night",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "fram eftir nóttu",
"translation": "(deep) into the night",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative and dative singular ending of some strong feminine nouns, especially those that end in -ing and female personal names",
"nótt (“night”) + -u → nóttu (petrified dative form of regular nótt)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Icelandic"
],
[
"nótt",
"nótt#Icelandic"
],
[
"nóttu",
"nóttu#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
20,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
23
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
20
]
],
"english": "like snow in the sun",
"literal_meaning": "like dew before the sun",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "eins og dögg fyrir sólu",
"translation": "like snow in the sun",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative and dative singular ending of some strong feminine nouns, especially those that end in -ing and female personal names",
"sól (“sun”) + -u → sólu (rare)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ing",
"-ing#Icelandic"
],
[
"sól",
"sól#Icelandic"
],
[
"sólu",
"sólu#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic inflectional suffixes",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic suffix forms",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "-u",
"id": "accusative plural",
"pos": "masculine plural of u-stem nouns"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -u (masculine plural of u-stem nouns)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -u (masculine plural of u-stem nouns).",
"head_templates": [
{
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"2": "suffix form",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
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"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic literary terms",
"Icelandic terms with archaic senses",
"Icelandic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
26
]
],
"english": "He then called to his sons.",
"ref": "1875-80, Friðrik Eggerz, Úr fylgsnum fyrri aldar. I. Bjarni Pétursson á Skarði og getið niðja hans. Ævisaga Eggerts prests Jónssonar. II. Ævisaga Friðriks prests Eggerz., published 1950-52:",
"text": "Kallaði hann þá á sonu sína.",
"translation": "He then called to his sons.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
73,
77
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
78
]
],
"english": "Steinunn Þórðardóttir and Sveinbjörn Bárðarson had five daughters and two sons.",
"ref": "2004, “Kristinn heimur miðalda og Hrafn Sveinbjarnarson”, in Læknablaðið, number 90, archived from the original on 10 Aug 2024, page 169:",
"text": "Þau Steinunn Þórðardóttir og Sveinbjörn Bárðarson áttu fimm dætur og tvo sonu.",
"translation": "Steinunn Þórðardóttir and Sveinbjörn Bárðarson had five daughters and two sons.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"sonur (“son”) + -u → sonu (“sons”) (archaic or literary form of regular syni)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Icelandic"
],
[
"sonur",
"sonur#Icelandic"
],
[
"sonu",
"sonu#Icelandic"
],
[
"syni",
"syni#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary or in petrified phrases) indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"sonur (“son”) + -u → sonu (“sons”) (archaic or literary form of regular syni)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in petrified phrases"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic literary terms",
"Icelandic terms with archaic senses",
"Icelandic terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"english": "in two/many/various ways",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "á tvo/marga/ýmsa vegu",
"translation": "in two/many/various ways",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
9,
14
]
],
"english": "on three sides",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "á þrjá vegu",
"translation": "on three sides",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"vegur (“road, way”) + -u → vegu (“roads, ways”) (petrified form of regular vegi)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Icelandic"
],
[
"vegur",
"vegur#Icelandic"
],
[
"vegu",
"vegu#Icelandic"
],
[
"vegi",
"vegi#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary or in petrified phrases) indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"vegur (“road, way”) + -u → vegu (“roads, ways”) (petrified form of regular vegi)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in petrified phrases"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic literary terms",
"Icelandic terms with archaic senses",
"Icelandic terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
24
]
],
"english": "to take control",
"literal_meaning": "to step forward before shields",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ganga fram fyrir skjöldu",
"translation": "to take control",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
25,
32
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
32
]
],
"english": "to take by surprise",
"literal_meaning": "to get (someone) in open shields",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "koma (einhverjum) í opna skjöldu",
"translation": "to take by surprise",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"skjöldur (“shield”) + -u → skjöldu (“shields”) (petrified form of regular skildi)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Icelandic"
],
[
"skjöldur",
"skjöldur#Icelandic"
],
[
"skjöldu",
"skjöldu#Icelandic"
],
[
"skildi",
"skildi#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary or in petrified phrases) indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"skjöldur (“shield”) + -u → skjöldu (“shields”) (petrified form of regular skildi)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in petrified phrases"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic literary terms",
"Icelandic terms with archaic senses",
"Icelandic terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
18
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
13,
18
]
],
"english": "to tread new paths",
"literal_meaning": "to explore unknown paths",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "kanna ókunna stigu",
"translation": "to tread new paths",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "to put a stop to (something)",
"literal_meaning": "to stem paths against (something)",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "stemma stigu við (einhverju)",
"translation": "to put a stop to (something)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"stigur (“path”) + -u → stigu (“paths”) (alternative forms of regular stígur and accusative plural stíga)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ur",
"-ur#Icelandic"
],
[
"-i",
"-i#Icelandic"
],
[
"stigur",
"stigur#Icelandic"
],
[
"stigu",
"stigu#Icelandic"
],
[
"stígur",
"stígur#Icelandic"
],
[
"stíga",
"stíga#Icelandic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, literary or in petrified phrases) indefinite accusative plural of -ur m (some strong masculine nouns); alternative form of (regular) -i",
"stigur (“path”) + -u → stigu (“paths”) (alternative forms of regular stígur and accusative plural stíga)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in petrified phrases"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "tu"
},
"expansion": "French tu",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "tu"
},
"expansion": "Italian tu",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "tú"
},
"expansion": "Spanish tú",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "vous"
},
"expansion": "French vous",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "voi"
},
"expansion": "Italian voi",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "vos"
},
"expansion": "Spanish vos",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Common vowel found in pronouns in Romance languages: French tu, Italian tu and Spanish tú, also in French vous and as an o in Italian voi and Spanish vos, etc. (Compare tu and vu)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
"Ido lemmas",
"Ido suffixes",
"Ido terms borrowed from French",
"Ido terms borrowed from Italian",
"Ido terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Ido terms derived from French",
"Ido terms derived from Italian",
"Ido terms derived from Spanish",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "omna (“all, every”) + -u → omnu (“everyone”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to form pronouns indicating a person"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-u"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -u",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Estonian -u",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-u. Cognates include Finnish -u and Estonian -u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "4/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ua",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ui",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-unna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "-unt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "front vowel variant",
"4": "-y"
},
"expansion": "-u (front vowel variant -y)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-y"
},
"expansion": "-u (front vowel variant -y)",
"name": "izh-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian suffixes",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form nouns from verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-u/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-u]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-u/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[-u]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ᐅ",
"tags": [
"Syllabics"
]
},
{
"form": "-ngu",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-iu",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iu",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "Syllabics",
"4": "-ᐅ"
},
"expansion": "-u (Syllabics -ᐅ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"lang_code": "iu",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Inuktitut entries with incorrect language header",
"Inuktitut lemmas",
"Inuktitut terms with usage examples",
"Inuktitut verbs",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He is a hunter.",
"text": "angunasuktiujuq.",
"translation": "He is a hunter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be (copula)"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "ja-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "う"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of う"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"う",
"う#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kg",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kongo",
"lang_code": "kg",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kongo entries with incorrect language header",
"Kongo lemmas",
"Kongo suffixes",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"used to form nouns denoting action or result of action"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ū",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form",
"head": "-ū"
},
"expansion": "-ū",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-us for fourth-declension nouns"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ablative/locative singular of -us for fourth-declension nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"-us",
"-us#Latin"
],
[
"fourth-declension",
"Appendix:Latin fourth declension"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"form-of",
"locative",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ـهُ"
},
"expansion": "Arabic ـهُ (-hu)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic ـهُ (-hu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-h",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "hu"
},
{
"word": "huwa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Maltese entries with incorrect language header",
"Maltese lemmas",
"Maltese personal pronouns",
"Maltese suffixes",
"Maltese terms derived from Arabic",
"Maltese terms inherited from Arabic",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sħab (“friends”) + -u → sħabu (“his friends”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "taħt (“under”) + -u → taħtu (“under him”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "jinsa (“he forgets”) + -u → jinsieh (“he forgets him”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"3rd-person masculine singular pronominal suffix: his, him"
],
"links": [
[
"his",
"his"
],
[
"him",
"him"
]
],
"senseid": [
"mt:pronoun"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tiegħu"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Maori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "au"
},
{
"word": "ahau"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "māuatāua"
},
{
"tags": [
"exclusive",
"inclusive"
],
"word": "mātoutātou"
},
{
"word": "koe"
},
{
"word": "kōrua"
},
{
"word": "koutou"
},
{
"word": "ia"
},
{
"word": "rāua"
},
{
"word": "rātou"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Maori entries with incorrect language header",
"Maori lemmas",
"Maori suffixes",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Used in contractions with particles of possession to mean you"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Sami even nouns",
"Northern Sami even u-stem nouns",
"Northern Sami lemmas",
"Northern Sami non-gradating even nouns",
"Northern Sami noun-forming suffixes",
"Northern Sami suffixes",
"Northern Sami terms derived from Proto-Samic",
"Northern Sami terms inherited from Proto-Samic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for pronunciation in Northern Sami entries"
],
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{
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"2": "smi-pro",
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{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-o"
},
"expansion": "Finnish -o",
"name": "cog"
}
],
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-even-ng",
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]
},
{
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"class"
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},
{
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"class"
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},
{
"form": "Even u-stem",
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"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
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"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
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"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūid",
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"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
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"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ọ",
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"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ui",
"source": "inflection",
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"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūide",
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"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
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"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūiguin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-even-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-on",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ome",
"source": "inflection",
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"dual",
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-omet",
"source": "inflection",
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"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ot",
"source": "inflection",
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"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "inflection",
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"dual",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-odet",
"source": "inflection",
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"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uska",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uset",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suffix",
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},
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"name": "head"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "se-infl-noun-even-ng"
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],
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"lang_code": "se",
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{
"glosses": [
"Forms result or action nouns from verbs."
],
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"morpheme"
]
}
],
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}
{
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"Northern Sami entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Sami even nouns",
"Northern Sami even u-stem nouns",
"Northern Sami lemmas",
"Northern Sami non-gradating even nouns",
"Northern Sami noun-forming suffixes",
"Northern Sami suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for pronunciation in Northern Sami entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-even-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Even u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ọ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ui",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūide",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ūiguin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "se-infl-noun-even-ng",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-on",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ome",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-omet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ode",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-odet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-us",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uska",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-uset",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "se",
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{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "se-infl-noun-even-ng"
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],
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{
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{
"word": "the suffix -i used with verbs in -ut"
}
],
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"Form of the suffix -i used with verbs in -ut."
],
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[
"-i",
"-i#Northern_Sami"
]
],
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"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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{
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"Old English feminine suffixes",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English īn-stem nouns",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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"1": "singular"
},
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{
"args": {
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},
{
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"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-į̄",
"4": "",
"5": "feminine abstract ending"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-į̄ (“feminine abstract ending”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From suppletive fusion of ō-stem feminine singular nominative ending -u and Proto-Germanic *-į̄ (“feminine abstract ending”). Akin to Gothic feminine abstracts in -𐌴𐌹 (-ei) (compare 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌴𐌹 (mikilei, “greatness”); 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌴𐌹 (diupei, “depth”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-in-f",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
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]
},
{
"form": "-u",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
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"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
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"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
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"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
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"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-a",
"source": "declension",
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"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
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"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-e",
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"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
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]
},
{
"form": "-o",
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"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
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"g": "f",
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],
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"args": {
"1": "-"
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{
"args": {
"1": "-u",
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"4": "-u,-e",
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"title": "",
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],
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{
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{
"text": "eald (“old”) + -u → ieldu (“age”)",
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},
{
"text": "hāliġ (“holy, sacred; pious”) + -u → hāliġu (“holiness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hāl (“sound, healthy, intact”) + -u → hǣlu (“wholeness, health”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "hāt (“hot”) + -u → hǣtu (“heat, warmth”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mennisċ (“human, natural, humane”) + -u → mennisċu (“humanity”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "miċel (“big, large; great”) + -u → miċelu (“greatness, size”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ending used to form abstract nouns from adjectives (compare Modern English -ness), normally causing i-mutation, and remaining even when preceded by a long syllable"
],
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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"name": "inh"
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{
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{
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},
"expansion": "subjunctive",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "lg"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-u, from Proto-Germanic *-ō. Apocope should have caused the loss of this ending after heavy stems, but the Anglian dialects generally retained it by analogy with short stems, or for its morphological significance. In West Saxon, this apocope led to replacement with the subjunctive singular -e, which was then extended to short stem verbs as well.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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"args": {
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"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-u",
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},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "ang-suffix"
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{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "Anglian"
},
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],
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"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "beran (“bear”) + -u → beru (“I bear”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "drīfan (“drive out”) + -u → drīfu (“I drive out”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sellan (“give”) + -u → sellu (“I give”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the first person singular present indicative of strong verbs and class I weak verbs"
],
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[
"first person",
"Appendix:Glossary#first_person"
],
[
"present",
"Appendix:Glossary#present"
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[
"indicative",
"Appendix:Glossary#indicative"
],
[
"strong verb",
"Appendix:Glossary#strong_verb"
],
[
"weak verb",
"Appendix:Glossary#weak_verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"Anglian",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Old English feminine suffixes",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English suffixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-u, from Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-o",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "suffix",
"g": "f",
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],
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"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ġiefu (“gift”)"
},
{
"text": "lufu (“love”)"
}
],
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],
"tags": [
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"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
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"Old English lemmas",
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"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
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},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
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"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"head": "-u"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sunu (“son”)"
},
{
"text": "wudu (“forest”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the nominative and accusative singular of short u-stem nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
]
],
"tags": [
"Anglian",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
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"Old English lemmas",
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"Old English suffixes",
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"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
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{
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],
"etymology_text": "Unclear; there are multiple possibilities:\n* From Proto-Germanic *-ōi (ō-stem dative singular), from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ey, from *-eh₂ (eh₂-stem suffix) + *-ey (dative singular suffix), either directly or by analogical restitution of the long diphthong from other case forms it was shortened; parallels to the proposed sound change are lacking, but there are no clear counterexamples either.\n* From a supposed Proto-Germanic ō-stem instrumental singular Proto-Germanic *-ōmi, from late Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂mi, from *-eh₂ (eh₂-stem suffix) + *-mi (instrumental singular suffix), but the posited form has no parallels within Germanic and few elsewhere; furthermore, it could be expected to become *-um, not *-u (compare the Proto-Germanic ō-stem dative plural *-ōmiz).\n* From the generally reconstructed u-stem instrumental singular Proto-Germanic *-ō; two explanations have been developed for the failure of this ending to undergo expected apocope:\n** After it had been shortened to -u, it was relengthened by analogy with the other oblique cases, thus rendering it ineligible for apocope.\n** When apocope occured in heavy-stemmed nouns, it was analogically restored on the basis of light-stemmed nouns; in turn, it was restored on the basis of the heavy-stemmed nouns when it was lost in light-stemmed nouns, though the failure of such analogical restoration to operate in other noun paradigms is suspicious.\n* From a late analogical extension from the ōn-stem oblique singular, but the ō-stem and ōn-stem paradigms do not particularly resemble each other.\nIf the ending is inherited, the endingless indefinite dative singular usual to ō-stems would be by analogy with the i-stems.",
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{
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"tags": [
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},
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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{
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"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-usta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-una",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-un",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-unëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-utta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "*-u / *-ü"
},
"expansion": "*-u / *-ü",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-u"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-u",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/rounded",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "karhëda (“coarse”) + *-u → *karhu (“bear (originally euphemistic)”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "mäntä (“mixing utensil made of the top of a young pine\")”) + *-u → *mäntü (“pine tree”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "itkedäk (“to cry, weep”) + *-u → *itku (“cry, weeping”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from adjectives, nouns, and verbs, most commonly from e-stems."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "-u",
"word": "-𐌿"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-we"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-we",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ve"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ve",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἤ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἤ (ḗ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "wa"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B wa",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वा"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वा (vā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "αὖ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek αὖ (aû)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उ",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit उ (u, “and”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Pre-Germanic *-we, from Proto-Indo-European *-we, which would make it cognate to Latin -ve, Ancient Greek ἤ (ḗ), Tocharian B wa and Sanskrit वा (vā).\nAlternatively, from *h₂u, whence possibly also Ancient Greek αὖ (aû) and Sanskrit उ (u, “and”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "East Germanic"
},
"expansion": "(East Germanic)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-u",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"East Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic particles",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"Added to the end of a word in a phrase (usually the first word) to make it a question."
],
"tags": [
"East",
"Germanic",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u/"
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"word": "-u"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Okinawan",
"lang_code": "ryu",
"word": "-u"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Ryukyuan",
"lang_code": "jpx-ryu-pro"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Japonic",
"lang_code": "jpx-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/-u",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Japonic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Japonic lemmas",
"Proto-Japonic suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the terminal (shūshikei) forms of verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"shūshikei",
"終止形#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "gem-pro:*-ō<id:noun suffix>",
"id": "noun suffix",
"pos": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"4": "*-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *-ō, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-o",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-um",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*-u f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-o"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-u",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic feminine suffixes",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-West Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic ō-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from verbs denoting the performance or result of that verb."
],
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
],
[
"verbs",
"verbs#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Accusative suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "doktor (“doctor”) + -u → doktoru",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-i after the vowels O"
},
{
"word": "U"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -i after the vowels O / U."
],
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Possessive suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "pantolon (“pants”) + -u → pantolonu (“his/her pants”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-i after the vowels O"
},
{
"word": "U"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -i after the vowels O / U."
],
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Derivative suffix.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-i after the vowels O"
},
{
"word": "U"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -i after the vowels O / U."
],
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "duy- (“to feel, to sense”) + -u → duyu (“sense”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -i after the vowels O / U.",
"Derives nouns from verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"-i",
"-i#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "-u"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh -u",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*-oβ̃"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *-oβ̃",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh -u, from Proto-Brythonic *-oβ̃.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-u",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 27 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh inflectional suffixes",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh suffixes",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbnouns from verb stems."
],
"links": [
[
"verbnouns",
"w:Verbnoun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "-ed"
},
{
"word": "-eg"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-o"
},
{
"word": "-io"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɨ̞/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/i/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "-u"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -u meaning in All languages combined (123.5kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
"msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, -u/Esperanto",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Esperanto",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: linguistic notation -U",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Finnish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: triggers u-mutation of a preceding a",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: triggers u-mutation of a preceding a",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''inflection of -ur (most adject'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: triggers u-mutation of a preceding a",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: triggers u-mutation of a preceding a",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''indefinite accusative and dati'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: triggers u-mutation of a preceding a",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: front vowel variant -y",
"path": [
"-u"
],
"section": "Ingrian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-u",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.