"う" meaning in All languages combined

See う on Wiktionary

Suffix [Japanese]

Forms: -u [romanization], in Modern Japanese [romanization], no longer pronounced -u but fused with the preceding vowel to make -ō [romanization], -yō [romanization]
Etymology: /mu/ → /ũ/ → /u/ → (fused with the /a/ ending in the preceding verb stem) /ɔː/ → /oː/ From Old Japanese む (mu). See the entry at よう for more information. Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|む|tr=mu}} Old Japanese む (mu), {{m|ja|よう#suffix-etym|よう}} よう Head templates: {{ja-pos|suffix|type=-}} う • (-u) uninflectable
  1. Expressing one's will to do something. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-う-ja-suffix-qeuC2S1U
  2. Inducing or stimulating other person to do something. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-う-ja-suffix-V13OkLKF
  3. (followed by とする (to suru)) to try to do; to attempt to do Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-う-ja-suffix-3uZKjHPd Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 0 5 24 25 23 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant script codes: 0 5 24 25 23 23
  4. (followed by とする (to suru)) to be about to do; to be on the verge of doing Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-う-ja-suffix-cblSLEE8 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 0 5 24 25 23 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant script codes: 0 5 24 25 23 23
  5. (archaic) Presenting a supposition. Tags: archaic, morpheme Synonyms: だろう, でしょう
    Sense id: en-う-ja-suffix-LcfX9R0L Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 0 5 24 25 23 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant script codes: 0 5 24 25 23 23
  6. (followed by が (ga) or と (to), often in parallel) whether … or … Tags: morpheme, often
    Sense id: en-う-ja-suffix-aJy7YUge Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 0 2 16 16 13 32 4 18 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 0 5 24 25 23 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant script codes: 0 5 24 25 23 23
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Related terms: よう (-yō), ん (-n), む (-mu), Use the dictionary form, stem + い [-i], + だ(noun + である) (de aru) [noun], mizenkei + ない (-nai), stem + くない (-ku nai), + で（は）ない (alt: de [wa] nai) [noun], ren'yōkei + ます (-masu), stem + いです (-i desu), + です (desu) [noun], ren'yōkei + ません (-masen), stem + くないですstem + くありません (-ku arimasen), + で（は）ないですnoun + で（は）ありません (alt: de [wa] nai desu; de [wa] arimasen) [noun], ren'yōkei + た (-ta) (english: with onbin sound changes for Group I verbs), stem + かった (-katta), + だった(noun + であった) (de atta) [noun], mizenkei + なかった (-nakatta), stem + くなかった (-ku nakatta), + で（は）なかった (alt: de [wa] nakatta) [noun], ren'yōkei + ました (-mashita), stem + かったです (-katta desu), + でした (deshita) [noun], ren'yōkei + ませんでした (-masen deshita), stem + くなかったですstem + くありませんでした (-ku arimasen deshita), + で（は）なかったですnoun + で（は）ありませんでした (alt: de [wa] nakatta desu; de [wa] arimasen deshita) [noun], mizenkei + うmizenkei + よう (-yō) (alt: -u > -o) (english: of Group I verbs; of other verbs), †stem + かろう(stem + いだろう) (-i darō), + だろう(noun + であろう) (de arō) [noun], ren'yōkei + ましょう (-mashō), + でしょう (deshō) [noun], ren'yōkei + て (-te) (english: with onbin sound changes for Group I verbs), stem + くて (-kute), + で(noun + であって) (de atte) [noun], kateikei + ば (-ba), stem + ければ (-kereba)

Suffix [Japanese]

Forms: -u [romanization]
Etymology templates: {{wp|音便#形容詞の連用形|lang=ja}} Head templates: {{ja-pos|suffix}} う • (-u)
  1. Alternative form of く (-ku, adverbial suffix of -i adjectives) Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: く (extra: -ku, adverbial suffix of -i adjectives)
    Sense id: en-う-ja-suffix-qmj5-Aes
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 5

Syllable [Japanese]

IPA: [ɯ̟ᵝ] Forms: u [romanization]
Etymology: Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 宇 in the cursive sōsho style. Etymology templates: {{m|ja|宇}} 宇, {{ja-kana-mannyogana-etym}} Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 宇 in the cursive sōsho style Head templates: {{ja-pos|syllable}} う • (u)
  1. The hiragana syllable う (u). Its equivalent in katakana is ウ (u). It is the third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is あ行う段 (a-gyō u-dan, “row a, section u”).
    Sense id: en-う-ja-syllable-Qb8uMwb9 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22 Related terms: 平, 仮, 名, あ, ぁ, い, ぃ, う, ぅ, ゔ, え, ぇ, お, ぉ, か, ゕ, が, き, ぎ, く, ぐ, け, ゖ, げ, こ, 𛄲, ご, さ, ざ, し, じ, す, ず, せ, ぜ, そ, ぞ, た, だ, ち, ぢ, つ, っ, づ, て, で, と, ど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, は, ば, ぱ, ひ, び, ぴ, ふ, ぶ, ぷ, へ, べ, ぺ, ほ, ぼ, ぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, や, ゃ, 𛀆, ゆ, ゅ, 𛀁, よ, ょ, ら, ゚, り, る, れ, ろ, わ, ゎ, ゙, ゐ, 𛅐, 𛄟, ゑ, 𛅑, を, 𛅒, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for う meaning in All languages combined (17.8kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "宇"
      },
      "expansion": "宇",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 宇 in the cursive sōsho style",
      "name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 宇 in the cursive sōsho style.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syllable"
      },
      "expansion": "う • (u)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "syllable",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The hiragana syllable う (u). Its equivalent in katakana is ウ (u). It is the third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is あ行う段 (a-gyō u-dan, “row a, section u”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-う-ja-syllable-Qb8uMwb9",
      "links": [
        [
          "う",
          "う#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "ウ",
          "ウ#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "gojūon",
          "gojūon"
        ],
        [
          "行",
          "行#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "段",
          "段#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "平"
        },
        {
          "word": "仮"
        },
        {
          "word": "名"
        },
        {
          "word": "あ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぁ"
        },
        {
          "word": "い"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぃ"
        },
        {
          "word": "う"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぅ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゔ"
        },
        {
          "word": "え"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぇ"
        },
        {
          "word": "お"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぉ"
        },
        {
          "word": "か"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゕ"
        },
        {
          "word": "が"
        },
        {
          "word": "き"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぎ"
        },
        {
          "word": "く"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぐ"
        },
        {
          "word": "け"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゖ"
        },
        {
          "word": "げ"
        },
        {
          "word": "こ"
        },
        {
          "word": "𛄲"
        },
        {
          "word": "ご"
        },
        {
          "word": "さ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ざ"
        },
        {
          "word": "し"
        },
        {
          "word": "じ"
        },
        {
          "word": "す"
        },
        {
          "word": "ず"
        },
        {
          "word": "せ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぜ"
        },
        {
          "word": "そ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぞ"
        },
        {
          "word": "た"
        },
        {
          "word": "だ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ち"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぢ"
        },
        {
          "word": "つ"
        },
        {
          "word": "っ"
        },
        {
          "word": "づ"
        },
        {
          "word": "て"
        },
        {
          "word": "で"
        },
        {
          "word": "と"
        },
        {
          "word": "ど"
        },
        {
          "word": "な"
        },
        {
          "word": "に"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぬ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ね"
        },
        {
          "word": "の"
        },
        {
          "word": "は"
        },
        {
          "word": "ば"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぱ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ひ"
        },
        {
          "word": "び"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぴ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ふ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぶ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぷ"
        },
        {
          "word": "へ"
        },
        {
          "word": "べ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぺ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ほ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぼ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ぽ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ま"
        },
        {
          "word": "み"
        },
        {
          "word": "む"
        },
        {
          "word": "め"
        },
        {
          "word": "も"
        },
        {
          "word": "や"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゃ"
        },
        {
          "word": "𛀆"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゆ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゅ"
        },
        {
          "word": "𛀁"
        },
        {
          "word": "よ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ょ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ら"
        },
        {
          "word": "゚"
        },
        {
          "word": "り"
        },
        {
          "word": "る"
        },
        {
          "word": "れ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ろ"
        },
        {
          "word": "わ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゎ"
        },
        {
          "word": "゙"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゐ"
        },
        {
          "word": "𛅐"
        },
        {
          "word": "𛄟"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゑ"
        },
        {
          "word": "𛅑"
        },
        {
          "word": "を"
        },
        {
          "word": "𛅒"
        },
        {
          "word": "ん"
        },
        {
          "word": "ー"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゝ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゞ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ゟ"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "う"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "む",
        "tr": "mu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese む (mu)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "よう#suffix-etym",
        "3": "よう"
      },
      "expansion": "よう",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/mu/ → /ũ/ → /u/ → (fused with the /a/ ending in the preceding verb stem) /ɔː/ → /oː/\nFrom Old Japanese む (mu). See the entry at よう for more information.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in Modern Japanese",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no longer pronounced -u but fused with the preceding vowel to make -ō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix",
        "type": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "う • (-u) uninflectable",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-yō",
      "word": "よう"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-n",
      "word": "ん"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-mu",
      "word": "む"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Use the dictionary form"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "-i"
      ],
      "word": "stem + い"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "de aru",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ だ(noun + である)"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-nai",
      "word": "mizenkei + ない"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-ku nai",
      "word": "stem + くない"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "de [wa] nai",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で（は）ない"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-masu",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ます"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-i desu",
      "word": "stem + いです"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "desu",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ です"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-masen",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ません"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-ku arimasen",
      "word": "stem + くないですstem + くありません"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "de [wa] nai desu; de [wa] arimasen",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で（は）ないですnoun + で（は）ありません"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "with onbin sound changes for Group I verbs",
      "roman": "-ta",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + た"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-katta",
      "word": "stem + かった"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "de atta",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ だった(noun + であった)"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-nakatta",
      "word": "mizenkei + なかった"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-ku nakatta",
      "word": "stem + くなかった"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "de [wa] nakatta",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で（は）なかった"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-mashita",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ました"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-katta desu",
      "word": "stem + かったです"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "deshita",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ でした"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-masen deshita",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ませんでした"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-ku arimasen deshita",
      "word": "stem + くなかったですstem + くありませんでした"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "de [wa] nakatta desu; de [wa] arimasen deshita",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で（は）なかったですnoun + で（は）ありませんでした"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "-u > -o",
      "english": "of Group I verbs; of other verbs",
      "roman": "-yō",
      "word": "mizenkei + うmizenkei + よう"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-i darō",
      "word": "†stem + かろう(stem + いだろう)"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "de arō",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ だろう(noun + であろう)"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-mashō",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ましょう"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "deshō",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ でしょう"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "with onbin sound changes for Group I verbs",
      "roman": "-te",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + て"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-kute",
      "word": "stem + くて"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "de atte",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で(noun + であって)"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-ba",
      "word": "kateikei + ば"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "-kereba",
      "word": "stem + ければ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I'll return before long.",
          "roman": "Sorosoro kaerō.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "帰",
              "かえ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "そろそろ帰ろう。"
        },
        {
          "english": "Shall I help?",
          "roman": "Tetsudaō ka.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "手",
              "て"
            ],
            [
              "伝",
              "つだ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "手伝おうか。"
        },
        {
          "english": "I'm thinking about baking a birthday cake.",
          "roman": "Tanjōbi-kēki o tsukurō to omotte imasu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "誕",
              "たん"
            ],
            [
              "生",
              "じょう"
            ],
            [
              "日",
              "び"
            ],
            [
              "作",
              "つく"
            ],
            [
              "思",
              "おも"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "誕生日ケーキを作ろうと思っています。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Expressing one's will to do something."
      ],
      "id": "en-う-ja-suffix-qeuC2S1U",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Let's go to school together tomorrow.",
          "roman": "Ashita issho ni gakkō ni ikō.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "明日",
              "あした"
            ],
            [
              "一",
              "いっ"
            ],
            [
              "緒",
              "しょ"
            ],
            [
              "学",
              "がっ"
            ],
            [
              "校",
              "こう"
            ],
            [
              "行",
              "い"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "明日一緒に学校に行こう。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inducing or stimulating other person to do something."
      ],
      "id": "en-う-ja-suffix-V13OkLKF",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 24 25 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 24 25 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I'm trying to bake a birthday cake.",
          "roman": "Tanjōbi-kēki o tsukurō to shite imasu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "誕",
              "たん"
            ],
            [
              "生",
              "じょう"
            ],
            [
              "日",
              "び"
            ],
            [
              "作",
              "つく"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "誕生日ケーキを作ろうとしています。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(followed by とする (to suru)) to try to do; to attempt to do",
        "to try to do; to attempt to do"
      ],
      "id": "en-う-ja-suffix-3uZKjHPd",
      "links": [
        [
          "と",
          "と#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "する",
          "する#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "to suru",
          "to suru#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "try",
          "try"
        ],
        [
          "attempt",
          "attempt"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(followed by とする (to suru)) to try to do; to attempt to do"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "followed by とする (to suru)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 24 25 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 24 25 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The phone rang as I was about to play the game.",
          "roman": "Gēmu o asobō to shita toki, denwa ga kakatta.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "遊",
              "あそ"
            ],
            [
              "電",
              "でん"
            ],
            [
              "話",
              "わ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ゲームを遊ぼうとしたとき、電話がかかった。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(followed by とする (to suru)) to be about to do; to be on the verge of doing",
        "to be about to do; to be on the verge of doing"
      ],
      "id": "en-う-ja-suffix-cblSLEE8",
      "links": [
        [
          "と",
          "と#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "する",
          "する#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "to suru",
          "to suru#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "about",
          "about"
        ],
        [
          "on the verge of",
          "on the verge of"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(followed by とする (to suru)) to be about to do; to be on the verge of doing"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "followed by とする (to suru)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 24 25 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 24 25 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "There's probably no such thing.",
          "roman": "Sonna koto wa nakarō.",
          "text": "そんなことはなかろう。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Presenting a supposition."
      ],
      "id": "en-う-ja-suffix-LcfX9R0L",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Presenting a supposition."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "だろう"
        },
        {
          "word": "でしょう"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 21 21 11 20 4 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 16 16 13 32 4 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 19 20 15 17 4 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 3 19 19 16 18 3 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 24 25 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 5 24 25 23 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It doesn't matter whether it is \"modernization\" or not.",
          "roman": "Sore ga “kindaika” de arō to nakarō to kamawanai.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "近",
              "きん"
            ],
            [
              "代",
              "だい"
            ],
            [
              "化",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "構",
              "かま"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "それが「近代化」であろうとなかろうと構わない。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(followed by が (ga) or と (to), often in parallel) whether … or …",
        "whether … or …"
      ],
      "id": "en-う-ja-suffix-aJy7YUge",
      "links": [
        [
          "が",
          "が#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "と",
          "と#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "whether",
          "whether"
        ],
        [
          "or",
          "or"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(followed by が (ga) or と (to), often in parallel) whether … or …"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "followed by が (ga) or と (to)",
        "in parallel"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "often"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "う"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "音便#形容詞の連用形",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "う • (-u)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "-ku, adverbial suffix of -i adjectives",
          "word": "く"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "早い (hayai) → 早う (hayō)"
        },
        {
          "text": "うれしい (ureshii) → うれしゅう (ureshū)"
        },
        {
          "text": "少ない (sukunai) → 少のう (sukunō)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of く (-ku, adverbial suffix of -i adjectives)"
      ],
      "id": "en-う-ja-suffix-qmj5-Aes",
      "links": [
        [
          "く",
          "く#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "う"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese syllables",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with audio links",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "宇"
      },
      "expansion": "宇",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 宇 in the cursive sōsho style",
      "name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 宇 in the cursive sōsho style.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "syllable"
      },
      "expansion": "う • (u)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "syllable",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "平"
    },
    {
      "word": "仮"
    },
    {
      "word": "名"
    },
    {
      "word": "あ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぁ"
    },
    {
      "word": "い"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぃ"
    },
    {
      "word": "う"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぅ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゔ"
    },
    {
      "word": "え"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぇ"
    },
    {
      "word": "お"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぉ"
    },
    {
      "word": "か"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゕ"
    },
    {
      "word": "が"
    },
    {
      "word": "き"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぎ"
    },
    {
      "word": "く"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぐ"
    },
    {
      "word": "け"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゖ"
    },
    {
      "word": "げ"
    },
    {
      "word": "こ"
    },
    {
      "word": "𛄲"
    },
    {
      "word": "ご"
    },
    {
      "word": "さ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ざ"
    },
    {
      "word": "し"
    },
    {
      "word": "じ"
    },
    {
      "word": "す"
    },
    {
      "word": "ず"
    },
    {
      "word": "せ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぜ"
    },
    {
      "word": "そ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぞ"
    },
    {
      "word": "た"
    },
    {
      "word": "だ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ち"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぢ"
    },
    {
      "word": "つ"
    },
    {
      "word": "っ"
    },
    {
      "word": "づ"
    },
    {
      "word": "て"
    },
    {
      "word": "で"
    },
    {
      "word": "と"
    },
    {
      "word": "ど"
    },
    {
      "word": "な"
    },
    {
      "word": "に"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぬ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ね"
    },
    {
      "word": "の"
    },
    {
      "word": "は"
    },
    {
      "word": "ば"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぱ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ひ"
    },
    {
      "word": "び"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぴ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ふ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぶ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぷ"
    },
    {
      "word": "へ"
    },
    {
      "word": "べ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぺ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ほ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぼ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ぽ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ま"
    },
    {
      "word": "み"
    },
    {
      "word": "む"
    },
    {
      "word": "め"
    },
    {
      "word": "も"
    },
    {
      "word": "や"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゃ"
    },
    {
      "word": "𛀆"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゆ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゅ"
    },
    {
      "word": "𛀁"
    },
    {
      "word": "よ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ょ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ら"
    },
    {
      "word": "゚"
    },
    {
      "word": "り"
    },
    {
      "word": "る"
    },
    {
      "word": "れ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ろ"
    },
    {
      "word": "わ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゎ"
    },
    {
      "word": "゙"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゐ"
    },
    {
      "word": "𛅐"
    },
    {
      "word": "𛄟"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゑ"
    },
    {
      "word": "𛅑"
    },
    {
      "word": "を"
    },
    {
      "word": "𛅒"
    },
    {
      "word": "ん"
    },
    {
      "word": "ー"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゝ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゞ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ゟ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The hiragana syllable う (u). Its equivalent in katakana is ウ (u). It is the third syllable in the gojūon order; its position is あ行う段 (a-gyō u-dan, “row a, section u”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "う",
          "う#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "ウ",
          "ウ#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "gojūon",
          "gojūon"
        ],
        [
          "行",
          "行#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "段",
          "段#Japanese"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "う"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "む",
        "tr": "mu"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese む (mu)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "よう#suffix-etym",
        "3": "よう"
      },
      "expansion": "よう",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/mu/ → /ũ/ → /u/ → (fused with the /a/ ending in the preceding verb stem) /ɔː/ → /oː/\nFrom Old Japanese む (mu). See the entry at よう for more information.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in Modern Japanese",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no longer pronounced -u but fused with the preceding vowel to make -ō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-yō",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix",
        "type": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "う • (-u) uninflectable",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "-yō",
      "word": "よう"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-n",
      "word": "ん"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-mu",
      "word": "む"
    },
    {
      "word": "Use the dictionary form"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "-i"
      ],
      "word": "stem + い"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de aru",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ だ(noun + である)"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-nai",
      "word": "mizenkei + ない"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-ku nai",
      "word": "stem + くない"
    },
    {
      "alt": "de [wa] nai",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で（は）ない"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-masu",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ます"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-i desu",
      "word": "stem + いです"
    },
    {
      "roman": "desu",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ です"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-masen",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ません"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-ku arimasen",
      "word": "stem + くないですstem + くありません"
    },
    {
      "alt": "de [wa] nai desu; de [wa] arimasen",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で（は）ないですnoun + で（は）ありません"
    },
    {
      "english": "with onbin sound changes for Group I verbs",
      "roman": "-ta",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + た"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-katta",
      "word": "stem + かった"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de atta",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ だった(noun + であった)"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-nakatta",
      "word": "mizenkei + なかった"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-ku nakatta",
      "word": "stem + くなかった"
    },
    {
      "alt": "de [wa] nakatta",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で（は）なかった"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-mashita",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ました"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-katta desu",
      "word": "stem + かったです"
    },
    {
      "roman": "deshita",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ でした"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-masen deshita",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ませんでした"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-ku arimasen deshita",
      "word": "stem + くなかったですstem + くありませんでした"
    },
    {
      "alt": "de [wa] nakatta desu; de [wa] arimasen deshita",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で（は）なかったですnoun + で（は）ありませんでした"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-u > -o",
      "english": "of Group I verbs; of other verbs",
      "roman": "-yō",
      "word": "mizenkei + うmizenkei + よう"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-i darō",
      "word": "†stem + かろう(stem + いだろう)"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de arō",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ だろう(noun + であろう)"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-mashō",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + ましょう"
    },
    {
      "roman": "deshō",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ でしょう"
    },
    {
      "english": "with onbin sound changes for Group I verbs",
      "roman": "-te",
      "word": "ren'yōkei + て"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-kute",
      "word": "stem + くて"
    },
    {
      "roman": "de atte",
      "tags": [
        "noun"
      ],
      "word": "+ で(noun + であって)"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-ba",
      "word": "kateikei + ば"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-kereba",
      "word": "stem + ければ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I'll return before long.",
          "roman": "Sorosoro kaerō.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "帰",
              "かえ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "そろそろ帰ろう。"
        },
        {
          "english": "Shall I help?",
          "roman": "Tetsudaō ka.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "手",
              "て"
            ],
            [
              "伝",
              "つだ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "手伝おうか。"
        },
        {
          "english": "I'm thinking about baking a birthday cake.",
          "roman": "Tanjōbi-kēki o tsukurō to omotte imasu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "誕",
              "たん"
            ],
            [
              "生",
              "じょう"
            ],
            [
              "日",
              "び"
            ],
            [
              "作",
              "つく"
            ],
            [
              "思",
              "おも"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "誕生日ケーキを作ろうと思っています。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Expressing one's will to do something."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Let's go to school together tomorrow.",
          "roman": "Ashita issho ni gakkō ni ikō.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "明日",
              "あした"
            ],
            [
              "一",
              "いっ"
            ],
            [
              "緒",
              "しょ"
            ],
            [
              "学",
              "がっ"
            ],
            [
              "校",
              "こう"
            ],
            [
              "行",
              "い"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "明日一緒に学校に行こう。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inducing or stimulating other person to do something."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I'm trying to bake a birthday cake.",
          "roman": "Tanjōbi-kēki o tsukurō to shite imasu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "誕",
              "たん"
            ],
            [
              "生",
              "じょう"
            ],
            [
              "日",
              "び"
            ],
            [
              "作",
              "つく"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "誕生日ケーキを作ろうとしています。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(followed by とする (to suru)) to try to do; to attempt to do",
        "to try to do; to attempt to do"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "と",
          "と#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "する",
          "する#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "to suru",
          "to suru#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "try",
          "try"
        ],
        [
          "attempt",
          "attempt"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(followed by とする (to suru)) to try to do; to attempt to do"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "followed by とする (to suru)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The phone rang as I was about to play the game.",
          "roman": "Gēmu o asobō to shita toki, denwa ga kakatta.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "遊",
              "あそ"
            ],
            [
              "電",
              "でん"
            ],
            [
              "話",
              "わ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ゲームを遊ぼうとしたとき、電話がかかった。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(followed by とする (to suru)) to be about to do; to be on the verge of doing",
        "to be about to do; to be on the verge of doing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "と",
          "と#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "する",
          "する#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "to suru",
          "to suru#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "about",
          "about"
        ],
        [
          "on the verge of",
          "on the verge of"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(followed by とする (to suru)) to be about to do; to be on the verge of doing"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "followed by とする (to suru)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with archaic senses",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "There's probably no such thing.",
          "roman": "Sonna koto wa nakarō.",
          "text": "そんなことはなかろう。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Presenting a supposition."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Presenting a supposition."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "だろう"
        },
        {
          "word": "でしょう"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It doesn't matter whether it is \"modernization\" or not.",
          "roman": "Sore ga “kindaika” de arō to nakarō to kamawanai.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "近",
              "きん"
            ],
            [
              "代",
              "だい"
            ],
            [
              "化",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "構",
              "かま"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "それが「近代化」であろうとなかろうと構わない。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(followed by が (ga) or と (to), often in parallel) whether … or …",
        "whether … or …"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "が",
          "が#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "と",
          "と#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "whether",
          "whether"
        ],
        [
          "or",
          "or"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(followed by が (ga) or と (to), often in parallel) whether … or …"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "followed by が (ga) or と (to)",
        "in parallel"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "often"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "う"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "右",
    "雨",
    "羽",
    "有",
    "宇",
    "烏",
    "迂",
    "紆"
  ],
  "word": "う"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "鵜",
    "得"
  ],
  "word": "う"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese hiragana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese suffixes",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "音便#形容詞の連用形",
        "lang": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "wp"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-u",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "う • (-u)",
      "name": "ja-pos"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "-ku, adverbial suffix of -i adjectives",
          "word": "く"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "早い (hayai) → 早う (hayō)"
        },
        {
          "text": "うれしい (ureshii) → うれしゅう (ureshū)"
        },
        {
          "text": "少ない (sukunai) → 少のう (sukunō)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of く (-ku, adverbial suffix of -i adjectives)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "く",
          "く#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "う"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "syllable",
  "title": "う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: in Modern Japanese",
  "path": [
    "う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: no longer pronounced -u but fused with the preceding vowel",
  "path": [
    "う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "う",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.