See す on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for す meaning in All languages combined (32.5kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "寸"
},
"expansion": "寸",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 寸 in the cursive sōsho style",
"name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 寸 in the cursive sōsho style.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syllable"
},
"expansion": "す • (su)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "syllable",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 11 21 10 44 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 8 15 20 36 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 10 20 14 40 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 10 20 12 41 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 11 21 11 42 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 20 10 43 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 11 21 11 41 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 17 5 28 1 3 19 1 2 1 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 35 11 7 29 4 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Condiments",
"orig": "ja:Condiments",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "zu",
"word": "ず"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The hiragana syllable す (su). Its equivalent in katakana is ス (su). It is the thirteenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is さ行う段 (sa-gyō u-dan, “row sa, section u”)."
],
"id": "en-す-ja-syllable-4MfnN39P",
"links": [
[
"す",
"す#Japanese"
],
[
"ス",
"ス#Japanese"
],
[
"gojūon",
"gojūon"
],
[
"行",
"行#Japanese"
],
[
"段",
"段#Japanese"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "あぁ"
},
{
"word": "かゕがか゚"
},
{
"word": "さざ"
},
{
"word": "ただ"
},
{
"word": "な"
},
{
"word": "はばぱ"
},
{
"word": "ま"
},
{
"word": "やゃ"
},
{
"word": "らら゚"
},
{
"word": "わゎわ゙"
},
{
"word": "ん"
},
{
"word": "いぃ"
},
{
"word": "きぎき゚"
},
{
"word": "しじ"
},
{
"word": "ちぢ"
},
{
"word": "に"
},
{
"word": "ひびぴ"
},
{
"word": "み"
},
{
"word": "𛀆"
},
{
"word": "りり゚"
},
{
"word": "ゐ𛅐ゐ゙"
},
{
"word": "うぅゔ"
},
{
"word": "くぐく゚"
},
{
"word": "すず"
},
{
"word": "つっづ"
},
{
"word": "ぬ"
},
{
"word": "ふぶぷ"
},
{
"word": "む"
},
{
"word": "ゆゅ"
},
{
"word": "るる゚"
},
{
"word": "𛄟"
},
{
"word": "えぇ"
},
{
"word": "けゖげけ゚"
},
{
"word": "せぜ"
},
{
"word": "てで"
},
{
"word": "ね"
},
{
"word": "へべぺ"
},
{
"word": "め"
},
{
"word": "𛀁"
},
{
"word": "れれ゚"
},
{
"word": "ゑ𛅑ゑ゙"
},
{
"word": "おぉ"
},
{
"word": "こごこ゚"
},
{
"word": "そぞ"
},
{
"word": "とど"
},
{
"word": "の"
},
{
"word": "ほぼぽ"
},
{
"word": "も"
},
{
"word": "よょ"
},
{
"word": "ろろ゚"
},
{
"word": "を𛅒を゙"
},
{
"word": "Additional symbols ーゝゞゟ"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝ]"
},
{
"other": "/su/"
},
{
"other": "/ɕu/"
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "須",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "須 (su)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*su"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *su",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Found in the Kojiki of 712, and included in the Man'yōshū with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 須 (su). In turn, from Proto-Japonic *su.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"roman": "su",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hhira": "す"
},
"expansion": "す • (su) ^(←す (su)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "spider's web",
"roman": "kumo no su",
"ruby": [
[
"巣",
"す"
]
],
"text": "クモの巣"
},
{
"english": "without blowing on the embers in the woodstove, and with cobwebs in the steamer...",
"ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 5, poem 892",
"roman": "kamado ni pa / kaki pukitatezu / kosiki ni pa / kumo no su kakite...",
"ruby": [
[
"可麻度柔播",
"かまどには"
],
[
"火氣布伎多弖受",
"かきふきたてず"
],
[
"許之伎尓波",
"こしきには"
],
[
"久毛能",
"くもの"
],
[
"須",
"す"
],
[
"可伎弖",
"かきて"
],
[
"竃",
"かまど"
],
[
"火気",
"かき"
],
[
"吹",
"ふ"
],
[
"立",
"た"
],
[
"甑",
"こしき"
],
[
"蜘蛛",
"くも"
],
[
"巣",
"す"
]
],
"text": "可麻度柔播／火氣布伎多弖受／許之伎尓波／久毛能須可伎弖... [Man'yōgana]\n竃には／火気吹き立てず／甑には／蜘蛛の巣かきて... [Modern spelling]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"巣, 栖, 窼: nest, hive, den"
],
"id": "en-す-ja-noun-tiN2QlU7",
"links": [
[
"巣",
"巣#Japanese"
],
[
"栖",
"栖#Japanese"
],
[
"窼",
"窼#Japanese"
],
[
"nest",
"nest"
],
[
"hive",
"hive"
],
[
"den",
"den"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"man'yōgana"
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*su"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *su",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"nocap": "1",
"sort": "す"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "す"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "醋"
},
"expansion": "醋 (MC tshuH)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "醋",
"tr": "cù"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 醋 (cù)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "醋",
"tr": "cou³"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese 醋 (cou³)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *su. Ultimate derivation uncertain.\n* Perhaps a native Japanese term, with the su reading somehow related to the way that very sour things cause one to pucker.\n* Alternatively, from Middle Chinese 醋 (MC tshuH). Borrowed earlier (vinegar was historically introduced to Japan in the 300-400s from China) than the systematic introduction of kanji, thus later mistaken as a native Japanese term. Compare modern Mandarin 醋 (cù) or Cantonese 醋 (cou³).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"roman": "su",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hhira": "す"
},
"expansion": "す • (su) ^(←す (su)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 35 11 7 29 4 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Condiments",
"orig": "ja:Condiments",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "sour",
"roman": "suppai",
"ruby": [
[
"酸",
"す"
]
],
"word": "酸っぱい"
},
{
"english": "sour",
"roman": "sui",
"ruby": [
[
"酸",
"す"
]
],
"word": "酸い"
},
{
"english": "sushi",
"ruby": [
[
"酸",
"す"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "酸し: sour"
},
{
"english": "sushi; sushi; sushi",
"roman": "sushi",
"ruby": [
[
"鮨",
"すし"
],
[
"鮓",
"すし"
],
[
"寿",
"す"
],
[
"司",
"し"
]
],
"word": "鮨, 鮓, 寿司"
},
{
"english": "sweet-and-sour pork",
"roman": "subuta",
"ruby": [
[
"酢",
"す"
],
[
"豚",
"ぶた"
]
],
"word": "酢豚"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "balsamic vinegar",
"roman": "barusamiko-su",
"ruby": [
[
"酢",
"す"
]
],
"text": "バルサミコ酢"
}
],
"glosses": [
"酢, 醋, 酸: vinegar (condiment)"
],
"id": "en-す-ja-noun-fh27oM9~",
"links": [
[
"酢",
"酢#Japanese"
],
[
"醋",
"醋#Japanese"
],
[
"酸",
"酸#Japanese"
],
[
"vinegar",
"vinegar"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "su ga sugiru",
"word": "酢が過ぎる: “vinegar is excessive"
},
{
"word": "too much vinegar” → doing too much"
},
{
"word": "being excessive"
},
{
"english": "cutting something with vinegar and swallowing it down",
"roman": "su de saite nomu",
"word": "酢でさいて飲む: → in reference with the ease of cutting a fish"
},
{
"word": "dipping it in vinegar"
},
{
"word": "and eating it: doing something very simple"
},
{
"roman": "su de mo sakashio de mo",
"word": "酢でも酒塩でも"
},
{
"english": "used with a negative verb",
"roman": "su de mo konnyaku de mo",
"word": "酢でも蒟蒻でも:: “by vinegar"
},
{
"word": "by cooking wine”"
},
{
"word": "“by vinegar"
},
{
"word": "by konjac” → something that cannot be done in the usual fashion"
},
{
"word": "or cannot be done easily"
},
{
"roman": "su ni ate ko ni ate",
"word": "酢に当て粉に当て"
},
{
"english": "with regard to vinegar and flour",
"roman": "su ni tsuke ko ni tsuke",
"word": "酢につけ粉につけ:"
},
{
"english": "about vinegar and flour",
"word": "→ about something"
},
{
"word": "about various things"
},
{
"word": "time to time"
},
{
"roman": "su ni mo ko ni mo",
"word": "酢にも粉にも"
},
{
"roman": "su ni mo shio ni mo",
"word": "酢にも塩にも"
},
{
"roman": "su ni mo tako ni mo",
"word": "酢にも蛸にも"
},
{
"english": "about/in vinegar and flour",
"roman": "su ni mo miso ni mo",
"word": "酢にも味噌にも:"
},
{
"english": "about/in vinegar and miso",
"word": "→ about anything"
},
{
"word": "in anything"
},
{
"roman": "su no ko no",
"word": "酢の粉の"
},
{
"roman": "su no konnyaku no",
"word": "酢の蒟蒻の: “of vinegar"
},
{
"word": "of flour”"
},
{
"word": "“of vinegar"
},
{
"word": "of konjac” → of anything"
},
{
"word": "belonging to anything"
},
{
"roman": "su o kau",
"word": "酢を買う"
},
{
"english": "to buy vinegar",
"roman": "su o kou",
"word": "酢を乞う:"
},
{
"english": "to beg vinegar",
"word": "→ to lose goodwill through excessive sycophancy"
},
{
"word": "to anger someone by saying more than one should"
},
{
"word": "to agitate"
},
{
"word": "instigate"
},
{
"word": "to stir things up"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "binegā",
"word": "ビネガー"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "州"
},
"expansion": "州 (MC tsyuw)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese.\nPossibly a loanword from Middle Chinese 州 (MC tsyuw).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"roman": "su",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hhira": "す"
},
"expansion": "す • (su) ^(←す (su)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 35 11 7 29 4 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Condiments",
"orig": "ja:Condiments",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"州, 洲: sandbank, sandbar"
],
"id": "en-す-ja-noun--mZPrPqy",
"links": [
[
"州",
"州#Japanese"
],
[
"洲",
"洲#Japanese"
],
[
"sandbank",
"sandbank"
],
[
"sandbar",
"sandbar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai"
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "modern form",
"tags": [
"suru"
],
"word": "する"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "susu",
"ruby": [
[
"為為",
"すす"
]
],
"word": "為為"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "do",
"tag": "p"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "senseid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "すれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "suredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "situ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "したり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "seri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "semu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "す • (su)",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "irreg-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to do"
],
"id": "en-す-ja-verb-IXZV9I3e",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) to do"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 35 11 7 29 4 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Condiments",
"orig": "ja:Condiments",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cause, become"
],
"id": "en-す-ja-verb-16DfkeYE",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) to cause, become"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "す",
"id": "do",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "す (su)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "する",
"t": "to do"
},
"expansion": "する (suru, “to do”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contraction of <span class='form-of-definition-link'><i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">せる</i> <span class=\"mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren\">(seru)</span></span>.",
"lang": ""
},
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"name": "no deprecated lang param usage"
},
{
"args": {
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"nocap": "1",
"tr": "seru"
},
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"name": "contraction of"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The original form of the causative ending. Ultimately cognate with す (su), the ancient form of modern する (suru, “to do”).\nIn a modern synchronic analysis, sometimes analyzed as a contraction of せる (seru).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"roman": "-shi",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "した",
"roman": "-shita",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-verbconj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-さ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-し",
"source": "conjugation",
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"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-そう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "-sō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "-さない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "-さず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "-します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "-shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "-した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "-shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "-して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "-seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "すれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "suredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "せき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "seki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "せけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sekeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "せつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "setu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "senu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "setari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "semu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "す • (-su) godan (stem し (-shi), past した (-shita))",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "2d-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "seru, “causative suffix”",
"word": "せる"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of せる (seru, “causative suffix”)"
],
"id": "en-す-ja-suffix--0z7aDh7",
"links": [
[
"せる",
"せる#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly dialectal and colloquial) Alternative form of せる (seru, “causative suffix”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial",
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "す",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: す (su)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "する",
"tr": "suru"
},
"expansion": "する (suru)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: す (su) → する (suru)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "すっ",
"tr": "su'"
},
"expansion": "すっ (su')",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Kagoshima dialect: すっ (su')"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*su"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *su",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Japonic *su.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "すれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "suredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しつ",
"source": "conjugation",
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"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "situ",
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"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せり",
"source": "conjugation",
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"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "したり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "seri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sitari",
"source": "conjugation",
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"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "semu",
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"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
}
],
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{
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"2": "verb",
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"expansion": "す (su)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "irreg-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to do"
],
"id": "en-す-ojp-verb-IXZV9I3e",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to happen, occur"
],
"id": "en-す-ojp-verb-4mEPipF1",
"links": [
[
"happen",
"happen"
],
[
"occur",
"occur"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be in a state of something"
],
"id": "en-す-ojp-verb--5JRm8jW",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "honorific"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "未然形",
"3": "",
"4": "irrealis or incomplete form",
"tr": "mizenkei"
},
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "四段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "quadrigrade conjugation",
"tr": "yodan katsuyō"
},
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "サ行変格活用",
"3": "",
"4": "s-irregular conjugation",
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},
"expansion": "サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nAttaches to 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete form”) of 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”) and サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "さ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "せど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "sedo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "さば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "saba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "situ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "したり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "seri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "さむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "samu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "verb",
"tr": "-su"
},
"expansion": "す (-su)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "4-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"indicates light respect and slight affection"
],
"id": "en-す-ojp-verb-STP0dfN9",
"links": [
[
"indicate",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"light",
"light#English"
],
[
"respect",
"respect#English"
],
[
"slight",
"slight#English"
],
[
"affection",
"affection#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "bird"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "새",
"3": "",
"4": "bird"
},
"expansion": "Korean 새 (sae, “bird”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nPossibly cognate with modern Korean 새 (sae, “bird”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "suffix",
"tr": "-su"
},
"expansion": "す (-su)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ugupi1su",
"word": "鶯"
},
{
"roman": "karasu",
"word": "烏"
},
{
"roman": "poto2to2gi1su",
"word": "ほととぎす"
},
{
"roman": "mo1zu",
"word": "もず"
}
],
"glosses": [
"representing birds"
],
"id": "en-す-ojp-suffix-0UTtPyIT",
"links": [
[
"represent",
"represent#English"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese contractions",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese syllables",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes",
"ja:Condiments"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "zu",
"word": "ず"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "寸"
},
"expansion": "寸",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 寸 in the cursive sōsho style",
"name": "ja-kana-mannyogana-etym"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 寸 in the cursive sōsho style.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syllable"
},
"expansion": "す • (su)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "syllable",
"related": [
{
"word": "あぁ"
},
{
"word": "かゕがか゚"
},
{
"word": "さざ"
},
{
"word": "ただ"
},
{
"word": "な"
},
{
"word": "はばぱ"
},
{
"word": "ま"
},
{
"word": "やゃ"
},
{
"word": "らら゚"
},
{
"word": "わゎわ゙"
},
{
"word": "ん"
},
{
"word": "いぃ"
},
{
"word": "きぎき゚"
},
{
"word": "しじ"
},
{
"word": "ちぢ"
},
{
"word": "に"
},
{
"word": "ひびぴ"
},
{
"word": "み"
},
{
"word": "𛀆"
},
{
"word": "りり゚"
},
{
"word": "ゐ𛅐ゐ゙"
},
{
"word": "うぅゔ"
},
{
"word": "くぐく゚"
},
{
"word": "すず"
},
{
"word": "つっづ"
},
{
"word": "ぬ"
},
{
"word": "ふぶぷ"
},
{
"word": "む"
},
{
"word": "ゆゅ"
},
{
"word": "るる゚"
},
{
"word": "𛄟"
},
{
"word": "えぇ"
},
{
"word": "けゖげけ゚"
},
{
"word": "せぜ"
},
{
"word": "てで"
},
{
"word": "ね"
},
{
"word": "へべぺ"
},
{
"word": "め"
},
{
"word": "𛀁"
},
{
"word": "れれ゚"
},
{
"word": "ゑ𛅑ゑ゙"
},
{
"word": "おぉ"
},
{
"word": "こごこ゚"
},
{
"word": "そぞ"
},
{
"word": "とど"
},
{
"word": "の"
},
{
"word": "ほぼぽ"
},
{
"word": "も"
},
{
"word": "よょ"
},
{
"word": "ろろ゚"
},
{
"word": "を𛅒を゙"
},
{
"word": "Additional symbols ーゝゞゟ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The hiragana syllable す (su). Its equivalent in katakana is ス (su). It is the thirteenth syllable in the gojūon order; its position is さ行う段 (sa-gyō u-dan, “row sa, section u”)."
],
"links": [
[
"す",
"す#Japanese"
],
[
"ス",
"ス#Japanese"
],
[
"gojūon",
"gojūon"
],
[
"行",
"行#Japanese"
],
[
"段",
"段#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝ]"
},
{
"other": "/su/"
},
{
"other": "/ɕu/"
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese contractions",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes",
"ja:Condiments"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "須",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "須 (su)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*su"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *su",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Found in the Kojiki of 712, and included in the Man'yōshū with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 須 (su). In turn, from Proto-Japonic *su.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"roman": "su",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hhira": "す"
},
"expansion": "す • (su) ^(←す (su)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "spider's web",
"roman": "kumo no su",
"ruby": [
[
"巣",
"す"
]
],
"text": "クモの巣"
},
{
"english": "without blowing on the embers in the woodstove, and with cobwebs in the steamer...",
"ref": "c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 5, poem 892",
"roman": "kamado ni pa / kaki pukitatezu / kosiki ni pa / kumo no su kakite...",
"ruby": [
[
"可麻度柔播",
"かまどには"
],
[
"火氣布伎多弖受",
"かきふきたてず"
],
[
"許之伎尓波",
"こしきには"
],
[
"久毛能",
"くもの"
],
[
"須",
"す"
],
[
"可伎弖",
"かきて"
],
[
"竃",
"かまど"
],
[
"火気",
"かき"
],
[
"吹",
"ふ"
],
[
"立",
"た"
],
[
"甑",
"こしき"
],
[
"蜘蛛",
"くも"
],
[
"巣",
"す"
]
],
"text": "可麻度柔播／火氣布伎多弖受／許之伎尓波／久毛能須可伎弖... [Man'yōgana]\n竃には／火気吹き立てず／甑には／蜘蛛の巣かきて... [Modern spelling]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"巣, 栖, 窼: nest, hive, den"
],
"links": [
[
"巣",
"巣#Japanese"
],
[
"栖",
"栖#Japanese"
],
[
"窼",
"窼#Japanese"
],
[
"nest",
"nest"
],
[
"hive",
"hive"
],
[
"den",
"den"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"man'yōgana"
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese contractions",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes",
"ja:Condiments"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "sour",
"roman": "suppai",
"ruby": [
[
"酸",
"す"
]
],
"word": "酸っぱい"
},
{
"english": "sour",
"roman": "sui",
"ruby": [
[
"酸",
"す"
]
],
"word": "酸い"
},
{
"english": "sushi",
"ruby": [
[
"酸",
"す"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "酸し: sour"
},
{
"english": "sushi; sushi; sushi",
"roman": "sushi",
"ruby": [
[
"鮨",
"すし"
],
[
"鮓",
"すし"
],
[
"寿",
"す"
],
[
"司",
"し"
]
],
"word": "鮨, 鮓, 寿司"
},
{
"english": "sweet-and-sour pork",
"roman": "subuta",
"ruby": [
[
"酢",
"す"
],
[
"豚",
"ぶた"
]
],
"word": "酢豚"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*su"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *su",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"nocap": "1",
"sort": "す"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "す"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "醋"
},
"expansion": "醋 (MC tshuH)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "醋",
"tr": "cù"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 醋 (cù)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "醋",
"tr": "cou³"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese 醋 (cou³)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *su. Ultimate derivation uncertain.\n* Perhaps a native Japanese term, with the su reading somehow related to the way that very sour things cause one to pucker.\n* Alternatively, from Middle Chinese 醋 (MC tshuH). Borrowed earlier (vinegar was historically introduced to Japan in the 300-400s from China) than the systematic introduction of kanji, thus later mistaken as a native Japanese term. Compare modern Mandarin 醋 (cù) or Cantonese 醋 (cou³).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"roman": "su",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hhira": "す"
},
"expansion": "す • (su) ^(←す (su)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "su ga sugiru",
"word": "酢が過ぎる: “vinegar is excessive"
},
{
"word": "too much vinegar” → doing too much"
},
{
"word": "being excessive"
},
{
"english": "cutting something with vinegar and swallowing it down",
"roman": "su de saite nomu",
"word": "酢でさいて飲む: → in reference with the ease of cutting a fish"
},
{
"word": "dipping it in vinegar"
},
{
"word": "and eating it: doing something very simple"
},
{
"roman": "su de mo sakashio de mo",
"word": "酢でも酒塩でも"
},
{
"english": "used with a negative verb",
"roman": "su de mo konnyaku de mo",
"word": "酢でも蒟蒻でも:: “by vinegar"
},
{
"word": "by cooking wine”"
},
{
"word": "“by vinegar"
},
{
"word": "by konjac” → something that cannot be done in the usual fashion"
},
{
"word": "or cannot be done easily"
},
{
"roman": "su ni ate ko ni ate",
"word": "酢に当て粉に当て"
},
{
"english": "with regard to vinegar and flour",
"roman": "su ni tsuke ko ni tsuke",
"word": "酢につけ粉につけ:"
},
{
"english": "about vinegar and flour",
"word": "→ about something"
},
{
"word": "about various things"
},
{
"word": "time to time"
},
{
"roman": "su ni mo ko ni mo",
"word": "酢にも粉にも"
},
{
"roman": "su ni mo shio ni mo",
"word": "酢にも塩にも"
},
{
"roman": "su ni mo tako ni mo",
"word": "酢にも蛸にも"
},
{
"english": "about/in vinegar and flour",
"roman": "su ni mo miso ni mo",
"word": "酢にも味噌にも:"
},
{
"english": "about/in vinegar and miso",
"word": "→ about anything"
},
{
"word": "in anything"
},
{
"roman": "su no ko no",
"word": "酢の粉の"
},
{
"roman": "su no konnyaku no",
"word": "酢の蒟蒻の: “of vinegar"
},
{
"word": "of flour”"
},
{
"word": "“of vinegar"
},
{
"word": "of konjac” → of anything"
},
{
"word": "belonging to anything"
},
{
"roman": "su o kau",
"word": "酢を買う"
},
{
"english": "to buy vinegar",
"roman": "su o kou",
"word": "酢を乞う:"
},
{
"english": "to beg vinegar",
"word": "→ to lose goodwill through excessive sycophancy"
},
{
"word": "to anger someone by saying more than one should"
},
{
"word": "to agitate"
},
{
"word": "instigate"
},
{
"word": "to stir things up"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "balsamic vinegar",
"roman": "barusamiko-su",
"ruby": [
[
"酢",
"す"
]
],
"text": "バルサミコ酢"
}
],
"glosses": [
"酢, 醋, 酸: vinegar (condiment)"
],
"links": [
[
"酢",
"酢#Japanese"
],
[
"醋",
"醋#Japanese"
],
[
"酸",
"酸#Japanese"
],
[
"vinegar",
"vinegar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "binegā",
"word": "ビネガー"
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese contractions",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes",
"ja:Condiments"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-",
"w": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "州"
},
"expansion": "州 (MC tsyuw)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese.\nPossibly a loanword from Middle Chinese 州 (MC tsyuw).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"roman": "su",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hhira": "す"
},
"expansion": "す • (su) ^(←す (su)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"州, 洲: sandbank, sandbar"
],
"links": [
[
"州",
"州#Japanese"
],
[
"洲",
"洲#Japanese"
],
[
"sandbank",
"sandbank"
],
[
"sandbar",
"sandbar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"other": "す"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai"
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese contractions",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes",
"ja:Condiments"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "modern form",
"tags": [
"suru"
],
"word": "する"
},
{
"roman": "susu",
"ruby": [
[
"為為",
"すす"
]
],
"word": "為為"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "do",
"tag": "p"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "senseid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "すれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "suredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "situ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "したり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "seri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "semu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "す • (su)",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "irreg-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to do"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) to do"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to cause, become"
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause"
],
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) to cause, become"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese contractions",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes",
"ja:Condiments"
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "す",
"id": "do",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "す (su)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "する",
"t": "to do"
},
"expansion": "する (suru, “to do”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "contraction of <span class='form-of-definition-link'><i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">せる</i> <span class=\"mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren\">(seru)</span></span>.",
"lang": ""
},
"expansion": "contraction of せる (seru).",
"name": "no deprecated lang param usage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "せる",
"nocap": "1",
"tr": "seru"
},
"expansion": "contraction of せる (seru).",
"name": "contraction of"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The original form of the causative ending. Ultimately cognate with す (su), the ancient form of modern する (suru, “to do”).\nIn a modern synchronic analysis, sometimes analyzed as a contraction of せる (seru).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"roman": "-shi",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "した",
"roman": "-shita",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-verbconj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-さ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-sa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "-す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-そう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "-sō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "-さない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sanai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "-さず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "-sazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "-します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "-shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "-した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "-shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "-して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "-seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "すれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "suredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "せき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "seki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "せけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sekeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "せつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "setu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "senu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "setari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "semu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"type": "1"
},
"expansion": "す • (-su) godan (stem し (-shi), past した (-shita))",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "2d-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "seru, “causative suffix”",
"word": "せる"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese colloquialisms",
"Japanese dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of せる (seru, “causative suffix”)"
],
"links": [
[
"せる",
"せる#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly dialectal and colloquial) Alternative form of せる (seru, “causative suffix”)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"colloquial",
"dialectal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes",
"Old Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Old Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Old Japanese verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "す",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: す (su)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "する",
"tr": "suru"
},
"expansion": "する (suru)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: す (su) → する (suru)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "すっ",
"tr": "su'"
},
"expansion": "すっ (su')",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Kagoshima dialect: すっ (su')"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*su"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *su",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nFrom Proto-Japonic *su.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "すれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "suredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "situ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "したり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "seri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "semu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "verb",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "す (su)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "irreg-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to do"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to happen, occur"
],
"links": [
[
"happen",
"happen"
],
[
"occur",
"occur"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be in a state of something"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes",
"Old Japanese verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "honorific"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "未然形",
"3": "",
"4": "irrealis or incomplete form",
"tr": "mizenkei"
},
"expansion": "未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "四段活用",
"3": "",
"4": "quadrigrade conjugation",
"tr": "yodan katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "サ行変格活用",
"3": "",
"4": "s-irregular conjugation",
"tr": "sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō"
},
"expansion": "サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nAttaches to 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete form”) of 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”) and サ行変格活用 (sa-gyō henkaku katsuyō, “s-irregular conjugation”) verbs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "さ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "さず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sazu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "せど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "sedo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "さば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "saba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "situ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "したり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "seri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "さむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "samu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "verb",
"tr": "-su"
},
"expansion": "す (-su)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "4-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"indicates light respect and slight affection"
],
"links": [
[
"indicate",
"indicate#English"
],
[
"light",
"light#English"
],
[
"respect",
"respect#English"
],
[
"slight",
"slight#English"
],
[
"affection",
"affection#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese suffixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ugupi1su",
"word": "鶯"
},
{
"roman": "karasu",
"word": "烏"
},
{
"roman": "poto2to2gi1su",
"word": "ほととぎす"
},
{
"roman": "mo1zu",
"word": "もず"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "bird"
},
"expansion": "table",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "새",
"3": "",
"4": "bird"
},
"expansion": "Korean 새 (sae, “bird”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "table\nPossibly cognate with modern Korean 새 (sae, “bird”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-su",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "suffix",
"tr": "-su"
},
"expansion": "す (-su)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"representing birds"
],
"links": [
[
"represent",
"represent#English"
],
[
"bird",
"bird#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "す"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "syllable",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "す",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "す",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "す",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "す",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "す",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Imperfective (未然形)",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Continuative (連用形)",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Terminal (終止形)",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Attributive (連体形)",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Hypothetical (仮定形)",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Imperative (命令形)",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Passive",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Causative",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Potential",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Volitional",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Negative",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Negative continuative",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Formal",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Perfective",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Conjunctive",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: Hypothetical conditional",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: す/Old Japanese 'Key constructions' base_tags={'stem'}",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Old Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: す/Old Japanese 'Key constructions' base_tags={'stem'}",
"path": [
"す"
],
"section": "Old Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "す",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.