See -ula on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ula"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ula",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ilaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English -le",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -el",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "German -el",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ula. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *-ilaz, whence no longer productive English -le (as in dimple and nozzle), Dutch -el, German -el.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"urls": [
"https://species.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=*ula&title=Special%3ASearch"
],
"word": "-ula at Wikispecies"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form taxonomic names, usually of genera; small-."
],
"id": "en--ula-mul-suffix-teuTaxJJ",
"links": [
[
"genera",
"genus#English"
],
[
"small",
"small"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bor",
"3": "la>-ula>diminutive",
"id": "diminutive",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulus\nLatin -ulabor.\nEnglish -ula",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ula"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -ula",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ule"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ule",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulus\nLatin -ulabor.\nEnglish -ula\nBorrowed from Latin -ula. Doublet of -ule.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ula",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ula",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "marimba + -ula → marimbula",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ameba + -ula → amebula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming diminutive nouns."
],
"id": "en--ula-en-suffix-pwMpAPmw",
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#Adjective"
],
[
"nouns",
"noun#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-у́ля"
},
"expansion": "Russian -у́ля (-úlja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ula"
},
"expansion": "Polish -ula",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unproductive suffix in Czech. Compare Russian -у́ля (-úlja) and Polish -ula.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "papať + -ula → papula",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "šikovný + -ula → šikula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms feminine nouns, usually endearing"
],
"id": "en--ula-cs-suffix-vIT2SRKt",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ ula]"
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-u",
"3": "-la",
"id2": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "-u + -la",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "-u + -la",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ylä",
"tags": [
"front-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "12/kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulatta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "12/kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloideni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulakseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloidesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloidemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloidenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulainne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulananne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloidensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulainsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulakseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem2}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem2}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ylä"
},
"expansion": "UlA",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "linguistic notation",
"14": "-UlA",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "front vowel harmony variant",
"4": "-ylä",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-ula (front vowel harmony variant -ylä, linguistic notation -UlA)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"var": "ylä"
},
"expansion": "-ula (front vowel harmony variant -ylä, linguistic notation -UlA)",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ul",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-kulkija"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish kulkija-type nominals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish terms suffixed with -la (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutive nouns."
],
"id": "en--ula-fi-suffix-Gjv15xH3",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tlom",
"4": "*-tlom, *-dʰlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom, suffix forming instrumental nouns, with simplification of the suffix-initial stop when it came after another stop. However, the details of the development are debated.\nMore information\nThe words rēgula and tēgula are notable in showing a lengthened vowel relative to the base verbs regō and tegō. Sihler (1979) reconstructs *-dʰl- in rēgula and tēgula; in contrast, Nielsen (1998) reconstructs *-tl-, suggesting that the lengthened vowels are the result of Lachmann's Law before a sequence of originally voiced + voiceless stop (as in the participles rēctus and tēctus). As this would be expected to result in forms with voiceless stops (*rēcula and *tēcula), Nielsen proposes that either the voiced stop /g/ was reintroduced by analogy, or a phonetic change caused /k/ to be voiced when preceded by a long vowel and followed by /l/ across a morpheme boundary (*rēk-la, *tēk-la > *rēg-la, *tēg-la); this is supported by two additional proposed etymologies, *strāto-lo- > *strāk-lo- > *strāg-lo- > strāgulum and *trājak-kla > *trāk-la > *trāg-la > trāgula. (Voicing of a stop before /l/ in a heterosyllabic cluster might also be seen in neglego, and is argued by Sen 2015 to have occurred in pūblicus; in contrast, a voiceless stop can be found after a morpheme boundary in instrument nouns in -culum such as pōculum).\nAlternatively, related to the suffix -ulus used to form some deverbal agent nouns such as gerulus, gerula.\nCompare instrument nouns in -ulum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ulae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ula<1>"
},
"expansion": "-ula f (genitive -ulae); first declension",
"name": "la-suffix-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ula<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "62 6 14 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine suffixes in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 4 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 3 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "regō + -ula → rēgula",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tegō + -ula → tēgula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Noun suffix denoting instrument."
],
"id": "en--ula-la-suffix-wMHVgp83",
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊ.ɫa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[u.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford University Press"
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "la>-ulus>diminutive",
"id": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ulus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ulus:",
"nominative/vocative feminine singular"
],
"id": "en--ula-la-suffix-BDwqTa2Q",
"links": [
[
"-ulus",
"-ulus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ulus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ulus:",
"nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural"
],
"id": "en--ula-la-suffix-tBeJJCc3",
"links": [
[
"-ulus",
"-ulus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"form": "-ula",
"ipa": "[ʊ.ɫa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"ipa": "[u.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "la>-ulus>diminutive",
"id": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ulā",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form",
"head": "-ulā"
},
"expansion": "-ulā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ulus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ablative feminine singular of -ulus"
],
"id": "en--ula-la-suffix-IZkvuwGi",
"links": [
[
"-ulus",
"-ulus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"form": "-ula",
"ipa": "[ʊ.ɫa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"ipa": "[u.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"form": "-ulā",
"ipa": "[ʊ.ɫaː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulā",
"ipa": "[u.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "sla-pro>*-uľa>nominal",
"id": "nominal",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-uľa\nPolish -ula",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-uľa",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-uľa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-uľa"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-uľa",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-uľa\nPolish -ula\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-uľa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "baba + -ula → babula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms feminine nouns, usually endearing"
],
"id": "en--ula-pl-suffix-vIT2SRKt",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu.la/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "-ულა"
},
"expansion": "Georgian: -ულა (-ula)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Georgian: -ულა (-ula)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzz",
"2": "-ულა"
},
"expansion": "Laz: -ულა (-ula)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laz: -ულა (-ula)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xmf",
"2": "-ულა"
},
"expansion": "Mingrelian: -ულა (-ula)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mingrelian: -ულა (-ula)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ul-a",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccs-gzn-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "*-ul-a"
},
"expansion": "*-ul-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Georgian-Zan",
"lang_code": "ccs-gzn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Georgian-Zan/-ula",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Georgian-Zan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Suffixed to nouns to form diminutives"
],
"id": "en--ula-ccs-gzn-pro-suffix-pfRW53Ov",
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "-у́ля"
},
"expansion": "Russian -у́ля (-úlja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ula"
},
"expansion": "Polish -ula",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unproductive suffix in Czech. Compare Russian -у́ля (-úlja) and Polish -ula.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech feminine suffixes",
"Czech hard feminine nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech suffixes",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "papať + -ula → papula",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "šikovný + -ula → šikula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms feminine nouns, usually endearing"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ ula]"
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bor",
"3": "la>-ula>diminutive",
"id": "diminutive",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulus\nLatin -ulabor.\nEnglish -ula",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ula"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -ula",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ule"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ule",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulus\nLatin -ulabor.\nEnglish -ula\nBorrowed from Latin -ula. Doublet of -ule.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ula",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ula",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English doublets",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "marimba + -ula → marimbula",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ameba + -ula → amebula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming diminutive nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#Adjective"
],
[
"nouns",
"noun#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "-u",
"3": "-la",
"id2": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "-u + -la",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "-u + -la",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ylä",
"tags": [
"front-vowel"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "12/kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiden",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloita",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloista",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulatta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "See the possessive forms below.",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "12/kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloideni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitteni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilleni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulakseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloikseni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloineni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloidesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihisi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittasi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinesi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloidemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihimme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittamme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinemme",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloidenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulainne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihinne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulananne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittanne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinenne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fi-decl-kulkija",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloidensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulainsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"rare"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloitansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulassansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloissansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulastansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloistansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloihinsa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiltansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulalleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulallensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloilleen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloillensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulanansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulakseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulaksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloikseen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloiksensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulattansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittaan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloittansa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloineen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uloinensa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "{{{stem2}}}"
},
"expansion": "{{{stem2}}}",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ylä"
},
"expansion": "UlA",
"name": "fi-affix-linguistic-notation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"10": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"11": "",
"12": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"13": "linguistic notation",
"14": "-UlA",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{comp}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{sup}}}",
"2": "suffixes",
"3": "front vowel harmony variant",
"4": "-ylä",
"5": "",
"6": "-{{{stem}}}-",
"7": "",
"8": "-{{{stem2}}}-",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f2nolink": "1",
"f3nolink": "1",
"f4nolink": "1",
"f5nolink": "1",
"f6nolink": "1",
"f7nolink": "1",
"f8nolink": "1",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-ula (front vowel harmony variant -ylä, linguistic notation -UlA)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"var": "ylä"
},
"expansion": "-ula (front vowel harmony variant -ylä, linguistic notation -UlA)",
"name": "fi-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ul",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "fi-decl-kulkija"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish kulkija-type nominals",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish noun-forming suffixes",
"Finnish suffixes",
"Finnish terms suffixed with -la (diminutive)",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms diminutive nouns."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine suffixes",
"Latin feminine suffixes in the first declension",
"Latin first declension suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tlom",
"4": "*-tlom, *-dʰlom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Indo-European *-tlom, *-dʰlom, suffix forming instrumental nouns, with simplification of the suffix-initial stop when it came after another stop. However, the details of the development are debated.\nMore information\nThe words rēgula and tēgula are notable in showing a lengthened vowel relative to the base verbs regō and tegō. Sihler (1979) reconstructs *-dʰl- in rēgula and tēgula; in contrast, Nielsen (1998) reconstructs *-tl-, suggesting that the lengthened vowels are the result of Lachmann's Law before a sequence of originally voiced + voiceless stop (as in the participles rēctus and tēctus). As this would be expected to result in forms with voiceless stops (*rēcula and *tēcula), Nielsen proposes that either the voiced stop /g/ was reintroduced by analogy, or a phonetic change caused /k/ to be voiced when preceded by a long vowel and followed by /l/ across a morpheme boundary (*rēk-la, *tēk-la > *rēg-la, *tēg-la); this is supported by two additional proposed etymologies, *strāto-lo- > *strāk-lo- > *strāg-lo- > strāgulum and *trājak-kla > *trāk-la > *trāg-la > trāgula. (Voicing of a stop before /l/ in a heterosyllabic cluster might also be seen in neglego, and is argued by Sen 2015 to have occurred in pūblicus; in contrast, a voiceless stop can be found after a morpheme boundary in instrument nouns in -culum such as pōculum).\nAlternatively, related to the suffix -ulus used to form some deverbal agent nouns such as gerulus, gerula.\nCompare instrument nouns in -ulum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ulae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ula<1>"
},
"expansion": "-ula f (genitive -ulae); first declension",
"name": "la-suffix-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ula<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "regō + -ula → rēgula",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tegō + -ula → tēgula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Noun suffix denoting instrument."
],
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ʊ.ɫa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[u.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Oxford University Press"
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "la>-ulus>diminutive",
"id": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-ula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ulus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ulus:",
"nominative/vocative feminine singular"
],
"links": [
[
"-ulus",
"-ulus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ulus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of -ulus:",
"nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural"
],
"links": [
[
"-ulus",
"-ulus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"form": "-ula",
"ipa": "[ʊ.ɫa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"ipa": "[u.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin suffix forms",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "la>-ulus>diminutive",
"id": "diminutive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ulā",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suffix form",
"head": "-ulā"
},
"expansion": "-ulā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-ulus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ablative feminine singular of -ulus"
],
"links": [
[
"-ulus",
"-ulus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"form": "-ula",
"ipa": "[ʊ.ɫa]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"ipa": "[u.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"form": "-ulā",
"ipa": "[ʊ.ɫaː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulā",
"ipa": "[u.la]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "sla-pro>*-uľa>nominal",
"id": "nominal",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-uľa\nPolish -ula",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-uľa",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-uľa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-uľa"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-uľa",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-uľa\nPolish -ula\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-uľa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-uli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine suffixes",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ula",
"Rhymes:Polish/ula/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "baba + -ula → babula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms feminine nouns, usually endearing"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu.la/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "-ულა"
},
"expansion": "Georgian: -ულა (-ula)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Georgian: -ულა (-ula)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzz",
"2": "-ულა"
},
"expansion": "Laz: -ულა (-ula)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laz: -ულა (-ula)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xmf",
"2": "-ულა"
},
"expansion": "Mingrelian: -ულა (-ula)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mingrelian: -ულა (-ula)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ul-a",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccs-gzn-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"head": "*-ul-a"
},
"expansion": "*-ul-a",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Georgian-Zan",
"lang_code": "ccs-gzn-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Georgian-Zan/-ula",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Georgian-Zan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Georgian-Zan lemmas",
"Proto-Georgian-Zan suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Suffixed to nouns to form diminutives"
],
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"urls": [
"https://species.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?search=*ula&title=Special%3ASearch"
],
"word": "-ula at Wikispecies"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ula"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ula",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ilaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English -le",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -el",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "German -el",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ula. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *-ilaz, whence no longer productive English -le (as in dimple and nozzle), Dutch -el, German -el.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual suffixes",
"Translingual terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form taxonomic names, usually of genera; small-."
],
"links": [
[
"genera",
"genus#English"
],
[
"small",
"small"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ula"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ula meaning in All languages combined (37.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: linguistic notation -UlA",
"path": [
"-ula"
],
"section": "Finnish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ula",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.