See -ulus on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ulus meaning in All languages combined (8.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ulus",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ulus (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ulus (diminutive suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ulus",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "mul",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "mul:Taxonomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Evolutionary theory",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form genus names, especially from other genus names, indicating smaller size"
],
"id": "en--ulus-mul-suffix-kLYFUhMK",
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) used to form genus names, especially from other genus names, indicating smaller size"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"word": "-ulus"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "originally, on nouns ending in -ō",
"sense": "-culus",
"word": "-unculus"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 20 59",
"word": "-ellus"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 20 59",
"word": "-illus"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 20 59",
"word": "-uleus"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 20 59",
"english": "often on nouns ending in -r",
"word": "-ullus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ule",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: -ule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: -ule"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "-ó",
"3": "-oa"
},
"expansion": "Galician: -ó, -oa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no longer productive"
},
"expansion": "(no longer productive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Galician: -ó, -oa (no longer productive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "-ούλα"
},
"expansion": "Greek: -ούλα (-oúla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: -ούλα (-oúla)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-olo",
"3": "-ola"
},
"expansion": "Italian: -olo, -ola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: -olo, -ola"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "-ulu",
"3": "-ula"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: -ulu, -ula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: -ulu, -ula"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "-uelo",
"3": "-uela"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: -uelo, -uela",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: -uelo, -uela"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-elos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-elos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xfa",
"2": "-𐌄𐌋𐌏𐌔"
},
"expansion": "Faliscan -𐌄𐌋𐌏𐌔 (-elos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-elós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-elós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-lós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-lós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ilaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ulaz"
},
"expansion": "*-ulaz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English -le",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dimple"
},
"expansion": "dimple",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nozzle"
},
"expansion": "nozzle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -el",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "German -el",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *-elos (whence Faliscan -𐌄𐌋𐌏𐌔 (-elos)), from Proto-Indo-European *-elós, thematized from Proto-Indo-European *-lós.\nCognate with Proto-Germanic *-ilaz and *-ulaz, whence no longer productive English -le (as in dimple and nozzle), Dutch -el, German -el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ulus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form a diminutive of a noun, indicating small size or youth."
],
"id": "en--ulus-la-suffix-la:diminutive_noun",
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:diminutive noun"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form a diminutive of an adjective with diminished effect, indicating “somewhat” or “-ish”."
],
"id": "en--ulus-la-suffix-la:diminutive_adjective",
"senseid": [
"la:diminutive adjective"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 21 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form an agent noun or adjective from a verb."
],
"id": "en--ulus-la-suffix-la:deverbal",
"senseid": [
"la:deverbal"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u.lus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʊɫ̪ʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/u.lus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ulus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "21 20 59",
"english": "after a vowel",
"word": "-olus"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 20 59",
"word": "-lus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Michiel de Vaan"
],
"word": "-ulus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjective-forming suffixes",
"Latin diminutive suffixes",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension suffixes",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "originally, on nouns ending in -ō",
"sense": "-culus",
"word": "-unculus"
},
{
"word": "-ellus"
},
{
"word": "-illus"
},
{
"word": "-uleus"
},
{
"english": "often on nouns ending in -r",
"word": "-ullus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ule",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: -ule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: -ule"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "-ó",
"3": "-oa"
},
"expansion": "Galician: -ó, -oa",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no longer productive"
},
"expansion": "(no longer productive)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Galician: -ó, -oa (no longer productive)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "-ούλα"
},
"expansion": "Greek: -ούλα (-oúla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: -ούλα (-oúla)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-olo",
"3": "-ola"
},
"expansion": "Italian: -olo, -ola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: -olo, -ola"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "-ulu",
"3": "-ula"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: -ulu, -ula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: -ulu, -ula"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "-uelo",
"3": "-uela"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: -uelo, -uela",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: -uelo, -uela"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*-elos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *-elos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xfa",
"2": "-𐌄𐌋𐌏𐌔"
},
"expansion": "Faliscan -𐌄𐌋𐌏𐌔 (-elos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-elós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-elós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-lós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-lós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ilaz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ulaz"
},
"expansion": "*-ulaz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-le"
},
"expansion": "English -le",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dimple"
},
"expansion": "dimple",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nozzle"
},
"expansion": "nozzle",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -el",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "German -el",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *-elos (whence Faliscan -𐌄𐌋𐌏𐌔 (-elos)), from Proto-Indo-European *-elós, thematized from Proto-Indo-European *-lós.\nCognate with Proto-Germanic *-ilaz and *-ulaz, whence no longer productive English -le (as in dimple and nozzle), Dutch -el, German -el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ula",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulārum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ulae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ulus"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form a diminutive of a noun, indicating small size or youth."
],
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"la:diminutive noun"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form a diminutive of an adjective with diminished effect, indicating “somewhat” or “-ish”."
],
"senseid": [
"la:diminutive adjective"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form an agent noun or adjective from a verb."
],
"senseid": [
"la:deverbal"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"declension-2",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/u.lus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʊɫ̪ʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/u.lus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ulus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "after a vowel",
"word": "-olus"
},
{
"word": "-lus"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Michiel de Vaan"
],
"word": "-ulus"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ulus",
"pos": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ulus (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ulus (diminutive suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ulus",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual suffixes",
"Translingual terms derived from Latin",
"mul:Taxonomy"
],
"glosses": [
"used to form genus names, especially from other genus names, indicating smaller size"
],
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) used to form genus names, especially from other genus names, indicating smaller size"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"word": "-ulus"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: -ulus/Latin 'Number' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"-ulus"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ulus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.