See stiff on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "flexible"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "loose"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "malleable"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "slack"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "soft"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bindle stiff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bored stiff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frozen stiff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scared stiff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff-arm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff as a board"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff as a poker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff-backed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff cheddar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff-hearted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff-leaf goldenrod"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff-lipped"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff man syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff neck"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff-necked"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff peak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff peaks"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff person syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff-person syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff porridge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff sickness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Stiff Street"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff-tailed duck"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff upper lip"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiffy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stiff",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stīfaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stīfaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steypós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steypós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stiif"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stiif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stiv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål stiv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "steif"
},
"expansion": "German steif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stīpes"
},
"expansion": "Latin stīpes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stiffer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "stiffest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "stiff (comparative stiffer, superlative stiffest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "flaccid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "starch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "starched"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IX, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "“A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron;[…]. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, and from time to time squinting sideways, as usual, in the ever-renewed expectation that he might catch a glimpse of his stiff, retroussé moustache.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Xawin:",
"text": "You have discovered the corpse of Captain Willem of the MSV Majesty. His stiff fingers are wrapped tightly around a small datapad.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rigid; hard to bend; inflexible."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-4ipns5o3",
"links": [
[
"Rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"inflexible",
"inflexible"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an object) Rigid; hard to bend; inflexible."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an object"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "firm"
},
{
"word": "stark"
},
{
"word": "stiff"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "thir",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "থিৰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "thereṅa",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "ঠেৰেঙা"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "korav",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "корав"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neelastičen",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "нееластичен"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rígid"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yìng",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "硬"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rigide"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stug"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stijf"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "jäykkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rigide"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "raide"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "irto"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rixo"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "steif"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "starr"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "merev"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"alt": "かたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katai",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "硬い"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "rɨng",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "រឹង"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ttakttakhan",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "딱딱한"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rigidus"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rigens"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stīvs"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stings"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stingrs"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "kaḍā",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "कडा"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "kaṭhor",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "कठोर"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "dahro",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "दह्रो"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rigide"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stiew"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "sztywny"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "inflexível"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rijo"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "hirto"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "firme"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žóstkij",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "жёсткий"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "negíbkij",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "неги́бкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tvjórdyj",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "твёрдый"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rag"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "pšosty"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "tieso"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "inflexible"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stel"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kɛ̌ng",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "แข็ง"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "cứng"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stifik"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "anhyblyg"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 31 2 3 10 1 1 7 1 0 1 0 1 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rhyn"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Inflexible; rigid."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-QcUInTdg",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, of policies and rules and their application and enforcement) Inflexible; rigid."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of policies and rules and their application and enforcement"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tvǎrd",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "твърд"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "inflexibel"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "kankea"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rigide"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "inflessibile"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"alt": "かたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katai",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "固い"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "inflexível"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žóstkij",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "жёсткий"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nepokolebímyj",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "непоколеби́мый"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nepreklónnyj",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "непрекло́нный"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tvjórdyj",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "твёрдый"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rag"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "inflexible"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "anhyblyg"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rhyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 18 2 5 4 8 11 6 3 4 5 9 7 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "dur"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Formal in behavior; unrelaxed."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-cbqf7EHG",
"links": [
[
"Formal",
"formal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a person) Formal in behavior; unrelaxed."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "encarcarat"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "cerimoniós"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "stug"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "jäykkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "raide"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teso"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "serio"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "steif"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "merev"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "stalcánta"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"alt": "かたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katai",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "固い"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "sério"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "firme"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xolódnyj",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "холо́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čópornyj",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "чо́порный"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "rag"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "pšosty"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "serio"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "tieso"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "stel"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "anhyblyg"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "rhyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 3 56 4 2 3 4 6 4 1 4 1 3 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "dur"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He was eventually caught, and given a stiff fine.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1961 February, “New English Electric diesels for East Africa”, in Trains Illustrated, page 90:",
"text": "To fit them for heavy loads on gradients as stiff as 1 in 45 in tropical conditions, these Class 90 diesels embody several unusual features, [...].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Harsh, severe."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-hRHJ2aED",
"links": [
[
"Harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"severe",
"severe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) Harsh, severe."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brutal"
},
{
"word": "heavy"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "silen",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "силен"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "stevig"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "kova"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"alt": "かたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katai",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "堅い"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "srogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "surowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "strógij",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "стро́гий"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suróvyj",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "суро́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "dur"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 77 1 1 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "rhyn"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My legs are stiff after climbing that hill yesterday.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Painful or more rigid than usual as a result of excessive or unaccustomed exercise."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-U840nVbH",
"links": [
[
"Painful",
"painful"
],
[
"unaccustomed",
"unaccustomed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of muscles or parts of the body) Painful or more rigid than usual as a result of excessive or unaccustomed exercise."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of muscles or parts of the body"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a stiff drink; a stiff dose; a stiff breeze",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 134:",
"text": "[Badminton] was popular in India because of the climate, where it was played outdoors, but in England the stiff breezes made it impossible to play without heavily loaded shuttlecocks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 July 4, Marina Hyde, “Who’s for political Bazball with Rishi? Voters? Tories? Anyone?”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "In the end, perhaps these deflections are easier than confronting the reality and debunking some of the less helpful stories a certain section of England likes to tell about itself. Much easier to just order another stiff one, and raise the old toast: “My country, right or wrong!”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Potent."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-ySCORXOg",
"links": [
[
"Potent",
"potent"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powerful"
},
{
"word": "strong"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 79 1 5 1 2 0 2 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "silen",
"sense": "potent",
"word": "силен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 79 1 5 1 2 0 2 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "potent",
"word": "vahva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 79 1 5 1 2 0 2 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krépkij",
"sense": "potent",
"word": "кре́пкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 1 1 79 1 5 1 2 0 2 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "silʹnodéjstvujuščij",
"sense": "potent",
"word": "сильноде́йствующий"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Dead, deceased."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-w2WOoBk6",
"links": [
[
"Dead",
"dead"
],
[
"deceased",
"deceased"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Dead, deceased."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "departed"
},
{
"word": "no more"
},
{
"word": "dead"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1592/3, Thomas Nashe, The Choise of Valentines (Poetry), published 1899, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2006-02-27:",
"text": "Adieu! faint-hearted instrument of lust; / That falselie hath betrayde our equale trust. / Hence-forth no more will I implore thine ayde, / Or thee, or man of cowardize upbrayde. / My little dilldo shall suply their kinde: / A knaue, that moues as light as leaues by winde; / That bendeth not, nor fouldeth anie deale, / But stands as stiff as he were made of steele; / And playes at peacock twixt my leggs right blythe, / And doeth my tickling swage with manie a sighe. / For, by saint Runnion! he'le refresh me well; / And neuer make my tender bellie swell.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Erect."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-ruF4lmBE",
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
],
[
"Erect",
"erect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, of the penis) Erect."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of the penis"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hard"
},
{
"word": "tumescent"
}
],
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 6 3 4 3 6 2 51 3 3 3 2 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nadǎrven",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "надървен"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 6 3 4 3 6 2 51 3 3 3 2 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "raide"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 6 3 4 3 6 2 51 3 3 3 2 3 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "tora"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 6 3 4 3 6 2 51 3 3 3 2 3 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 6 3 4 3 6 2 51 3 3 3 2 3 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "stiv"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Adding too much peanut butter to your Peanut Sauce recipe may cause your sauce to turn out too stiff.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having a dense consistency; thick; (by extension) Difficult to stir."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-iw31ZO7x",
"links": [
[
"dense",
"dense"
],
[
"thick",
"thick"
],
[
"Difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"stir",
"stir"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gooey"
},
{
"word": "thickflowing"
},
{
"word": "viscous"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "en:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "beat the egg whites until they are stiff",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Beaten until so aerated that they stand up straight on their own."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-1T7g8Tfr",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking, of whipping cream or egg whites) Beaten until so aerated that they stand up straight on their own."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of whipping cream or egg whites"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an equation, for which certain numerical solving methods are numerically unstable, unless the step size is taken to be extremely small."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-b~Sswm7p",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"equation",
"equation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) Of an equation, for which certain numerical solving methods are numerically unstable, unless the step size is taken to be extremely small."
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Keeping upright."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-NhZ0tK5F",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"upright",
"upright"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Keeping upright."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Golf",
"orig": "en:Golf",
"parents": [
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1968, William Price Fox, Southern Fried Plus Six: Short Works of Fiction, page 219:",
"text": "I go all out, go for the long ball, the stiff shots to the pin, aim for the back of the cup.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a shot, landing so close to the flagstick that it should be very easy to sink the ball with the next shot."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-wV5ooKmv",
"links": [
[
"golf",
"golf"
],
[
"flagstick",
"flagstick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(golf) Of a shot, landing so close to the flagstick that it should be very easy to sink the ball with the next shot."
],
"topics": [
"golf",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Professional wrestling",
"orig": "en:Professional wrestling",
"parents": [
"Entertainment",
"Sports",
"Culture",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Delivered more forcefully than needed, whether intentionally or accidentally, thus causing legitimate pain to the opponent."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adj-1A1AYOuR",
"links": [
[
"professional wrestling",
"professional wrestling"
],
[
"legitimate",
"legitimate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(professional wrestling, of a strike) Delivered more forcefully than needed, whether intentionally or accidentally, thus causing legitimate pain to the opponent."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a strike"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"professional-wrestling",
"sports",
"war",
"wrestling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪf/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stiff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "firm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "frozen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "hardened"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "immalleable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "inflexible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "ossified"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "petrified"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "rigid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "solid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "stark"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "stubborn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "stiff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "taut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "tight"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "unbending"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "unlimber"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "unyielding"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shvanat",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "схванат"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vdǎrven",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "вдървен"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"note": "[script needed] (liau)",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
]
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ztuhlý"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "stijf"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "jäykkä"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "kankea"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "steif"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "koru",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "凝る"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "ioio"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "koio"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of the neck",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "taui"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "dolorido"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rijo"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okostenévšij",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "окостене́вший"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oderevenélyj",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "одеревене́лый"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "rag"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "pšosty"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "dolorido"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "adolorido"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 2 2 8 6 3 19 9 5 7 6 7 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "stel"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "do a bit of stiff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lucky stiff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "working stiff"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stiff",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stīfaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stīfaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steypós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steypós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stiif"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stiif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stiv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål stiv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "steif"
},
"expansion": "German steif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stīpes"
},
"expansion": "Latin stīpes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stiffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "stiff (countable and uncountable, plural stiffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bindlestiff"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 2 2 4 2 4 2 4 1 3 4 1 10 6 6 2 9 4 5 9 3 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 4 4 2 2 3 5 4 1 4 1 3 4 1 7 6 5 3 7 3 5 8 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 7 1 1 4 2 4 3 4 1 3 4 1 9 3 3 2 10 5 5 10 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 6 1 1 4 2 3 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 10 4 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Nepali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 1 1 4 2 3 2 4 1 3 5 1 8 6 6 2 9 3 5 9 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 5 1 8 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 6 1 1 4 2 3 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 10 4 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "working stiff",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1943, Ayn Rand, chapter IX, in The Fountainhead:",
"text": "The clerk shrugged: “That's the boss's little girl.” “Why, the lucky stiff!” said Keating. “He's been holding out on me.” “You misunderstood me,” the clerk said coldly. “It's his daughter. It's Dominique Francon.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An average person, usually male, of no particular distinction, skill, or education."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-DrdNich4",
"links": [
[
"Canada",
"Canada"
],
[
"US",
"American English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, chiefly Canada, US) An average person, usually male, of no particular distinction, skill, or education."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "55 13 12 0 14 3 0 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"word": "heppu"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 13 12 0 14 3 0 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"word": "hemmo"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 13 12 0 14 3 0 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"word": "heebo"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 13 12 0 14 3 0 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"word": "jannu"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 13 12 0 14 3 0 0 2",
"code": "ja",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ossan",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"tags": [
"informal",
"offensive"
],
"word": "オッサン"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She convinced the stiff to go to her hotel room, where her henchman was waiting to rob him.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is deceived, as a mark or pigeon in a swindle."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-bAUXFyDz",
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
],
[
"swindle",
"swindle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A person who is deceived, as a mark or pigeon in a swindle."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 31 13 1 19 6 5 9 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who is deceived",
"word": "uhri"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 31 13 1 19 6 5 9 3",
"code": "ja",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kamo",
"sense": "person who is deceived",
"tags": [
"offensive",
"slang"
],
"word": "カモ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 31 13 1 19 6 5 9 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lox",
"sense": "person who is deceived",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лох"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 2 3 2 5 1 24 5 1 1 2 0 2 1 0 2 0 31 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "en:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 9 2 3 3 0 11 3 2 0 0 0 3 5 0 3 4 14 0 6 10 2 0 6 0 8 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1969 December 7, Monty Python, “Full Frontal Nudity, Dead Parrot sketch”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese):",
"text": "This parrot is no more! It has ceased to be! It's expired and gone to meet its maker! This is a late parrot! It's a stiff! Bereft of life, it rests in peace! If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cadaver; a dead person."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-fZ8d-4xV",
"links": [
[
"cadaver",
"cadaver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A cadaver; a dead person."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "corpse"
},
{
"word": "body"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trup",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "труп"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"word": "raato"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"word": "ruumis"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macchabée"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Steifer"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stiúgaí"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trup"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trup",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "труп"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žmúrik",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "жму́рик"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tieso"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"word": "fiambre"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 38 2 17 4 1 4 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "döing"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1994, Andy Dougan, The actors' director: Richard Attenborough behind the camera, page 63:",
"text": "If the movie was a stiff it wasn't any of their specific faults. They were all in it together and they were jobbed in and jobbed out for two weeks and gone and they got a pile of money for their efforts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Ralph J. Gleason, Toby Gleason, Music in the Air: The Selected Writings of Ralph J. Gleason:",
"text": "They never did sell any records. I don't mean they didn't sell 100,000. I mean they didn't sell 5000. Total. National. Coast-to-coast. The record was a stiff.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A flop; a commercial failure."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-mqsU88iJ",
"links": [
[
"flop",
"flop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A flop; a commercial failure."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 2 2 4 2 4 2 4 1 3 4 1 10 6 6 2 9 4 5 9 3 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 4 4 2 2 3 5 4 1 4 1 3 4 1 7 6 5 3 7 3 5 8 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 7 1 1 4 2 4 3 4 1 3 4 1 9 3 3 2 10 5 5 10 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 6 1 1 4 2 3 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 10 4 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Nepali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 1 1 4 2 3 2 4 1 3 5 1 8 6 6 2 9 3 5 9 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 5 1 8 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 6 1 1 4 2 3 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 10 4 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who leaves (especially a restaurant) without paying the bill."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-2cMlo75C",
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) A person who leaves (especially a restaurant) without paying the bill."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 19 13 1 41 7 1 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "US: person who leaves without paying the bill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zechpreller"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 19 13 1 41 7 1 1 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kui-nige",
"sense": "US: person who leaves without paying the bill",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "食い逃げ"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 19 13 1 41 7 1 1 3",
"code": "ja",
"english": "eats without money, does not matter if he/she leaves",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "musen-inshoku",
"sense": "US: person who leaves without paying the bill",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "無銭飲食"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A customer who does not leave a tip."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-pvM645JR",
"links": [
[
"customer",
"customer"
],
[
"tip",
"tip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang, by extension) A customer who does not leave a tip."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"broadly",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any hard hand where it is possible to exceed 21 by drawing an additional card."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-POJlmmyv",
"links": [
[
"hard hand",
"hard hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(blackjack) Any hard hand where it is possible to exceed 21 by drawing an additional card."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"blackjack",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Finance",
"orig": "en:Finance",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 6 8 1 1 3 2 4 3 6 1 5 4 0 4 5 1 3 4 1 9 16 1 1 1 6 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 4 7 1 1 3 2 9 2 5 2 4 7 1 2 5 2 2 2 1 8 15 2 2 2 6 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 5 9 1 1 3 1 4 2 6 1 6 5 1 3 5 1 2 3 1 9 17 1 1 1 6 1 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 6 10 0 0 2 1 5 1 7 1 5 4 1 2 6 1 1 2 1 11 21 1 1 1 7 1 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 7 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 6 3 3 2 7 4 6 12 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Assamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 6 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 5 6 1 5 3 3 3 6 3 6 11 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 8 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 6 3 3 2 7 4 6 12 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 0 5 9 0 1 3 1 6 1 6 1 4 5 0 4 5 1 1 5 2 10 21 0 1 0 6 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 2 2 4 2 4 2 4 1 3 4 1 10 6 6 2 9 4 5 9 3 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 4 3 5 3 5 2 3 4 1 3 4 3 3 2 1 7 15 2 2 2 6 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 6 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 6 3 3 2 6 3 6 13 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 4 3 5 5 5 2 4 6 1 2 4 2 3 2 1 7 14 2 2 2 5 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 6 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 6 3 3 2 6 3 6 12 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 8 1 2 4 3 5 3 5 2 4 5 1 3 4 2 3 3 1 7 15 1 2 1 5 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 4 8 1 1 3 2 4 2 5 2 3 4 1 7 3 2 2 8 3 7 13 1 1 1 5 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 4 4 2 2 3 5 4 1 4 1 3 4 1 7 6 5 3 7 3 5 8 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 4 8 1 1 3 1 5 2 5 1 3 4 1 7 4 1 2 7 3 8 16 1 1 1 5 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 7 1 1 4 2 4 3 4 1 3 4 1 9 3 3 2 10 5 5 10 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 4 2 5 3 5 2 4 5 1 2 4 2 3 2 1 8 17 1 2 2 6 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 4 2 5 3 5 2 4 5 1 2 4 2 3 2 1 8 17 1 2 2 6 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 2 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 5 1 6 3 3 2 7 3 6 11 2 1 3 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 7 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 6 3 3 2 7 4 6 12 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 3 2 5 2 5 2 4 6 1 2 4 2 3 2 1 8 17 1 1 2 6 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 4 9 1 1 3 2 5 2 5 1 4 4 1 6 4 1 2 6 2 8 16 1 1 1 5 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 4 6 3 2 5 4 4 3 5 1 3 3 1 6 3 4 3 6 2 6 11 1 1 1 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 7 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 4 1 6 3 3 2 7 4 6 12 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 6 1 1 4 2 3 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 10 4 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Nepali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 6 1 1 4 2 3 2 3 3 3 5 2 7 7 6 2 8 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 6 1 2 5 3 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 6 3 4 2 6 4 6 11 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 5 9 1 1 3 1 5 1 6 1 4 4 0 4 5 1 1 5 2 10 18 1 1 1 6 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 4 8 0 0 3 1 5 2 4 1 3 5 1 6 4 1 2 6 2 7 25 1 1 1 5 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 6 2 1 5 3 4 2 4 2 3 4 1 5 3 6 2 5 3 5 10 2 2 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 7 1 1 4 2 3 2 4 1 3 5 1 8 6 6 2 9 3 5 9 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 6 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 6 3 3 2 6 3 6 12 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 4 2 5 3 5 2 4 5 1 2 4 2 3 2 1 8 17 1 2 2 6 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 7 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 7 3 3 2 7 4 6 11 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 3 2 5 2 6 2 4 5 1 2 5 2 2 2 1 9 17 2 2 2 7 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 7 1 1 4 2 4 2 4 2 3 5 1 7 3 3 2 7 4 6 12 2 1 2 4 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 5 1 1 4 2 4 2 3 1 3 5 1 8 7 6 2 9 3 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 6 1 1 4 2 3 2 3 1 3 4 1 9 7 6 2 10 4 5 10 2 1 2 3 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 4 2 5 3 5 2 4 5 1 2 4 2 3 2 1 8 17 2 2 2 6 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 4 8 1 1 4 3 5 3 5 2 3 4 1 3 4 2 3 2 1 7 15 2 2 2 6 2 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Negotiable instruments, possibly forged."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-mT6XV9ts",
"links": [
[
"finance",
"finance#Noun"
],
[
"Negotiable instruments",
"negotiable instrument"
],
[
"forge",
"forge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(finance, slang) Negotiable instruments, possibly forged."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"finance"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A note or letter surreptitiously sent by an inmate."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-noun-2mFFRpJH",
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"note",
"note"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"surreptitious",
"surreptitious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prison slang) A note or letter surreptitiously sent by an inmate."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪf/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stiff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪf"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stiff up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stiff",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stīfaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stīfaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steypós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steypós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stiif"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stiif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stiv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål stiv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "steif"
},
"expansion": "German steif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stīpes"
},
"expansion": "Latin stīpes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stiffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stiffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stiffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stiffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stiff (third-person singular simple present stiffs, present participle stiffing, simple past and past participle stiffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Realizing he had forgotten his wallet, he stiffed the taxi driver when the cab stopped for a red light.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1946, William Foote Whyte, Industry and Society, page 129:",
"text": "We asked one girl to explain how she felt when she was \"stiffed.\" She said, You think of all the work you've done and how you've tried to please [them…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fail to pay that which one owes (implicitly or explicitly) to another, especially by departing hastily."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-verb-ECzxM6ts",
"links": [
[
"owe",
"owe"
],
[
"implicitly",
"implicitly"
],
[
"explicitly",
"explicitly"
],
[
"depart",
"depart"
],
[
"hastily",
"hastily"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 2 0 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fail to pay money one owes",
"word": "tehdä oharit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 0 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to fail to pay money one owes",
"word": "prellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 0 0 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "harai-wasureru",
"sense": "to fail to pay money one owes",
"word": "払い忘れる"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 0 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to fail to pay money one owes",
"word": "sjappa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1992, Stephen Birmingham, Shades of Fortune, page 451:",
"text": "You see, poor Nonie really was stiffed by Adolph in his will. He really stiffed her, Rose, and I really wanted to right that wrong.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cheat someone"
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-verb-rWz2dQOI",
"links": [
[
"cheat",
"cheat"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to cheat someone",
"word": "țepui"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, Mary Higgins Clark, I Heard That Song Before, page 154:",
"text": "Then he stiffed the waiter with a cheap tip.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tip ungenerously."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-verb-adScjIG7",
"links": [
[
"tip",
"tip"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 99 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to tip ungenerously",
"word": "abspeisen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, Lou Reed (lyrics and music), “Street Hassle”, in Street Hassle:",
"text": "But you know it could be a hassle / Trying to explain myself to a police officer / About how it was your old lady got herself stiffed",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kill."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-verb-HgcD5W8d",
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) To kill."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1990, Wayne Jancik, The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, →ISBN, page 18:",
"text": "\"Come To Me\" moved but a few to buy a copy; \"My Queen\" stiffed in the stall.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be unsuccessful."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-verb-gT9QBVQJ",
"links": [
[
"unsuccessful",
"unsuccessful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) To be unsuccessful."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪf/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stiff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪf"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stiff",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stīfaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stīfaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steypós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steypós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stiif"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stiif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stiv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål stiv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "steif"
},
"expansion": "German steif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stīpes"
},
"expansion": "Latin stīpes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more stiff",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most stiff",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stiff (comparative more stiff, superlative most stiff)",
"name": "en-adverb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1731, John Lowthorp, Philosophical Transactions and Collections to the End of the Year MDCC, 4th edition, volume II, page 282:",
"text": "At Feversham was a very High Tide in the Afternoon, tho' the Wind was Southerly, and blew very stiff, which the Seamen there wondered at.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1849 October 23, Herman Melville, edited by Howard C. Horsforth and Lynn Horth, The Writings of Herman Melville: Journals, volume 15, published 1989, page 9:",
"text": "It soon blew stiff, & we scudded before it under double-reefed topsails, & mainsail hauled up.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1871 September 16, W.A. Crowther, Diary:",
"text": "At about 11.30 am it rained tremendously and blew very stiff.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of the wind, with great force; strongly."
],
"id": "en-stiff-en-adv-DCfX40UZ",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Of the wind, with great force; strongly."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪf/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stiff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪf"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "stiff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "stif"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of stif"
],
"id": "en-stiff-enm-adj-SJocQyip",
"links": [
[
"stif",
"stif#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "stiff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "stif"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of stif"
],
"id": "en-stiff-enm-adv-SJocQyip",
"links": [
[
"stif",
"stif#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "stiff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Stiff Stafford.",
"ref": "1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, in APPENDIX:",
"text": "Stiff Staffort,",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stiff"
],
"id": "en-stiff-yol-adj-5~k6Yovu",
"links": [
[
"stiff",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪɸ/"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "flexible"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "loose"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "malleable"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "slack"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "soft"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Hokkien terms",
"Requests for review of Central Kurdish translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪf",
"Rhymes:English/ɪf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Death",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bindle stiff"
},
{
"word": "bored stiff"
},
{
"word": "frozen stiff"
},
{
"word": "scared stiff"
},
{
"word": "stiff-arm"
},
{
"word": "stiff as a board"
},
{
"word": "stiff as a poker"
},
{
"word": "stiff-backed"
},
{
"word": "stiff cheddar"
},
{
"word": "stiff-hearted"
},
{
"word": "stiff-leaf goldenrod"
},
{
"word": "stiff-lipped"
},
{
"word": "stiff man syndrome"
},
{
"word": "stiff neck"
},
{
"word": "stiff-necked"
},
{
"word": "stiff peak"
},
{
"word": "stiff peaks"
},
{
"word": "stiff person syndrome"
},
{
"word": "stiff-person syndrome"
},
{
"word": "stiff porridge"
},
{
"word": "stiff sickness"
},
{
"word": "Stiff Street"
},
{
"word": "stiff-tailed duck"
},
{
"word": "stiff upper lip"
},
{
"word": "stiffy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stiff",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stīfaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stīfaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steypós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steypós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stiif"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stiif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stiv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål stiv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "steif"
},
"expansion": "German steif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stīpes"
},
"expansion": "Latin stīpes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stiffer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "stiffest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "stiff (comparative stiffer, superlative stiffest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "flaccid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "starch"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "starched"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IX, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "“A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron;[…]. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, and from time to time squinting sideways, as usual, in the ever-renewed expectation that he might catch a glimpse of his stiff, retroussé moustache.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Xawin:",
"text": "You have discovered the corpse of Captain Willem of the MSV Majesty. His stiff fingers are wrapped tightly around a small datapad.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rigid; hard to bend; inflexible."
],
"links": [
[
"Rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"inflexible",
"inflexible"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an object) Rigid; hard to bend; inflexible."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an object"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "firm"
},
{
"word": "stark"
},
{
"word": "stiff"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Inflexible; rigid."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, of policies and rules and their application and enforcement) Inflexible; rigid."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of policies and rules and their application and enforcement"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Formal in behavior; unrelaxed."
],
"links": [
[
"Formal",
"formal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a person) Formal in behavior; unrelaxed."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He was eventually caught, and given a stiff fine.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1961 February, “New English Electric diesels for East Africa”, in Trains Illustrated, page 90:",
"text": "To fit them for heavy loads on gradients as stiff as 1 in 45 in tropical conditions, these Class 90 diesels embody several unusual features, [...].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Harsh, severe."
],
"links": [
[
"Harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"severe",
"severe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) Harsh, severe."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brutal"
},
{
"word": "heavy"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "My legs are stiff after climbing that hill yesterday.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Painful or more rigid than usual as a result of excessive or unaccustomed exercise."
],
"links": [
[
"Painful",
"painful"
],
[
"unaccustomed",
"unaccustomed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of muscles or parts of the body) Painful or more rigid than usual as a result of excessive or unaccustomed exercise."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of muscles or parts of the body"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a stiff drink; a stiff dose; a stiff breeze",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 134:",
"text": "[Badminton] was popular in India because of the climate, where it was played outdoors, but in England the stiff breezes made it impossible to play without heavily loaded shuttlecocks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 July 4, Marina Hyde, “Who’s for political Bazball with Rishi? Voters? Tories? Anyone?”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "In the end, perhaps these deflections are easier than confronting the reality and debunking some of the less helpful stories a certain section of England likes to tell about itself. Much easier to just order another stiff one, and raise the old toast: “My country, right or wrong!”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Potent."
],
"links": [
[
"Potent",
"potent"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powerful"
},
{
"word": "strong"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Dead, deceased."
],
"links": [
[
"Dead",
"dead"
],
[
"deceased",
"deceased"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) Dead, deceased."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "departed"
},
{
"word": "no more"
},
{
"word": "dead"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1592/3, Thomas Nashe, The Choise of Valentines (Poetry), published 1899, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2006-02-27:",
"text": "Adieu! faint-hearted instrument of lust; / That falselie hath betrayde our equale trust. / Hence-forth no more will I implore thine ayde, / Or thee, or man of cowardize upbrayde. / My little dilldo shall suply their kinde: / A knaue, that moues as light as leaues by winde; / That bendeth not, nor fouldeth anie deale, / But stands as stiff as he were made of steele; / And playes at peacock twixt my leggs right blythe, / And doeth my tickling swage with manie a sighe. / For, by saint Runnion! he'le refresh me well; / And neuer make my tender bellie swell.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Erect."
],
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
],
[
"Erect",
"erect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, of the penis) Erect."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of the penis"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hard"
},
{
"word": "tumescent"
}
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Adding too much peanut butter to your Peanut Sauce recipe may cause your sauce to turn out too stiff.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having a dense consistency; thick; (by extension) Difficult to stir."
],
"links": [
[
"dense",
"dense"
],
[
"thick",
"thick"
],
[
"Difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"stir",
"stir"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gooey"
},
{
"word": "thickflowing"
},
{
"word": "viscous"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Cooking"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "beat the egg whites until they are stiff",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Beaten until so aerated that they stand up straight on their own."
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking, of whipping cream or egg whites) Beaten until so aerated that they stand up straight on their own."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of whipping cream or egg whites"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"Of an equation, for which certain numerical solving methods are numerically unstable, unless the step size is taken to be extremely small."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"equation",
"equation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) Of an equation, for which certain numerical solving methods are numerically unstable, unless the step size is taken to be extremely small."
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"Keeping upright."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"upright",
"upright"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Keeping upright."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Golf"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1968, William Price Fox, Southern Fried Plus Six: Short Works of Fiction, page 219:",
"text": "I go all out, go for the long ball, the stiff shots to the pin, aim for the back of the cup.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a shot, landing so close to the flagstick that it should be very easy to sink the ball with the next shot."
],
"links": [
[
"golf",
"golf"
],
[
"flagstick",
"flagstick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(golf) Of a shot, landing so close to the flagstick that it should be very easy to sink the ball with the next shot."
],
"topics": [
"golf",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Professional wrestling"
],
"glosses": [
"Delivered more forcefully than needed, whether intentionally or accidentally, thus causing legitimate pain to the opponent."
],
"links": [
[
"professional wrestling",
"professional wrestling"
],
[
"legitimate",
"legitimate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(professional wrestling, of a strike) Delivered more forcefully than needed, whether intentionally or accidentally, thus causing legitimate pain to the opponent."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a strike"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"professional-wrestling",
"sports",
"war",
"wrestling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪf/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stiff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "firm"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "frozen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "hardened"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "immalleable"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "inflexible"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "ossified"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "petrified"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "rigid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "solid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "stark"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "stubborn"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "stiff"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "taut"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "tight"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "unbending"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "unlimber"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:stiff",
"word": "unyielding"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "thir",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "থিৰ"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "thereṅa",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "ঠেৰেঙা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "korav",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "корав"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neelastičen",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "нееластичен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rígid"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yìng",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "硬"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rigide"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stug"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stijf"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "jäykkä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rigide"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "raide"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "irto"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rixo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "steif"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "starr"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "merev"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"alt": "かたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katai",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "硬い"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "rɨng",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "រឹង"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ttakttakhan",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "딱딱한"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rigidus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rigens"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stīvs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stings"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stingrs"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "kaḍā",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "कडा"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "kaṭhor",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "कठोर"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "dahro",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "दह्रो"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rigide"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stiew"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "sztywny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "inflexível"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rijo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "hirto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "firme"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žóstkij",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "жёсткий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "negíbkij",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "неги́бкий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tvjórdyj",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "твёрдый"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rag"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "pšosty"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "tieso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "inflexible"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stel"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kɛ̌ng",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "แข็ง"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "cứng"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "stifik"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "anhyblyg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible",
"word": "rhyn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tvǎrd",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "твърд"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "inflexibel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "kankea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "rigide"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "inflessibile"
},
{
"alt": "かたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katai",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "固い"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "inflexível"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žóstkij",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "жёсткий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nepokolebímyj",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "непоколеби́мый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nepreklónnyj",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "непрекло́нный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tvjórdyj",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "твёрдый"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rag"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "inflexible"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "anhyblyg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "rhyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement",
"word": "dur"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "encarcarat"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "cerimoniós"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "stug"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "jäykkä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "raide"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teso"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "serio"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "steif"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "merev"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "stalcánta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"alt": "かたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katai",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "固い"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "sério"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "firme"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xolódnyj",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "холо́дный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čópornyj",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "чо́порный"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "rag"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "pšosty"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "serio"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "tieso"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "stel"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "anhyblyg"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "rhyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed",
"word": "dur"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "silen",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "силен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "stevig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "kova"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"alt": "かたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "katai",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "堅い"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "hard"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "srogi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "surowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "duro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "strógij",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "стро́гий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "suróvyj",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "суро́вый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "rígido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "severo"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "dur"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "colloquial: harsh, severe",
"word": "rhyn"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shvanat",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "схванат"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vdǎrven",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "вдървен"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"note": "[script needed] (liau)",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
]
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ztuhlý"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "stijf"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "jäykkä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "kankea"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "steif"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "rigido"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "koru",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "凝る"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "ioio"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "koio"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "of the neck",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "taui"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "dolorido"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rijo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "okostenévšij",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "окостене́вший"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oderevenélyj",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "одеревене́лый"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "rag"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "pšosty"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "dolorido"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "adolorido"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of muscles, or parts of the body",
"word": "stel"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "silen",
"sense": "potent",
"word": "силен"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "potent",
"word": "vahva"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krépkij",
"sense": "potent",
"word": "кре́пкий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "silʹnodéjstvujuščij",
"sense": "potent",
"word": "сильноде́йствующий"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nadǎrven",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "надървен"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "raide"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "tora"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "stiv"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "erect, of a penis",
"word": "stiv"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Hokkien terms",
"Requests for review of Central Kurdish translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪf",
"Rhymes:English/ɪf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Death",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "do a bit of stiff"
},
{
"word": "lucky stiff"
},
{
"word": "working stiff"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stiff",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stīfaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stīfaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steypós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steypós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stiif"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stiif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stiv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål stiv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "steif"
},
"expansion": "German steif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stīpes"
},
"expansion": "Latin stīpes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stiffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "stiff (countable and uncountable, plural stiffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bindlestiff"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"Canadian English",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "working stiff",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1943, Ayn Rand, chapter IX, in The Fountainhead:",
"text": "The clerk shrugged: “That's the boss's little girl.” “Why, the lucky stiff!” said Keating. “He's been holding out on me.” “You misunderstood me,” the clerk said coldly. “It's his daughter. It's Dominique Francon.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An average person, usually male, of no particular distinction, skill, or education."
],
"links": [
[
"Canada",
"Canada"
],
[
"US",
"American English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, chiefly Canada, US) An average person, usually male, of no particular distinction, skill, or education."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"US",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She convinced the stiff to go to her hotel room, where her henchman was waiting to rob him.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who is deceived, as a mark or pigeon in a swindle."
],
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
],
[
"swindle",
"swindle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A person who is deceived, as a mark or pigeon in a swindle."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1969 December 7, Monty Python, “Full Frontal Nudity, Dead Parrot sketch”, in Monty Python's Flying Circus, spoken by Mr Praline (John Cleese):",
"text": "This parrot is no more! It has ceased to be! It's expired and gone to meet its maker! This is a late parrot! It's a stiff! Bereft of life, it rests in peace! If you hadn't nailed it to the perch it would be pushing up the daisies!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cadaver; a dead person."
],
"links": [
[
"cadaver",
"cadaver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A cadaver; a dead person."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "corpse"
},
{
"word": "body"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1994, Andy Dougan, The actors' director: Richard Attenborough behind the camera, page 63:",
"text": "If the movie was a stiff it wasn't any of their specific faults. They were all in it together and they were jobbed in and jobbed out for two weeks and gone and they got a pile of money for their efforts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Ralph J. Gleason, Toby Gleason, Music in the Air: The Selected Writings of Ralph J. Gleason:",
"text": "They never did sell any records. I don't mean they didn't sell 100,000. I mean they didn't sell 5000. Total. National. Coast-to-coast. The record was a stiff.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A flop; a commercial failure."
],
"links": [
[
"flop",
"flop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A flop; a commercial failure."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A person who leaves (especially a restaurant) without paying the bill."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) A person who leaves (especially a restaurant) without paying the bill."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A customer who does not leave a tip."
],
"links": [
[
"customer",
"customer"
],
[
"tip",
"tip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang, by extension) A customer who does not leave a tip."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"broadly",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any hard hand where it is possible to exceed 21 by drawing an additional card."
],
"links": [
[
"hard hand",
"hard hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(blackjack) Any hard hand where it is possible to exceed 21 by drawing an additional card."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"blackjack",
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"en:Finance"
],
"glosses": [
"Negotiable instruments, possibly forged."
],
"links": [
[
"finance",
"finance#Noun"
],
[
"Negotiable instruments",
"negotiable instrument"
],
[
"forge",
"forge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(finance, slang) Negotiable instruments, possibly forged."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"finance"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English prison slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A note or letter surreptitiously sent by an inmate."
],
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"note",
"note"
],
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"surreptitious",
"surreptitious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(prison slang) A note or letter surreptitiously sent by an inmate."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪf/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stiff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪf"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"word": "heppu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"word": "hemmo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"word": "heebo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"word": "jannu"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ossan",
"sense": "average person, usually male",
"tags": [
"informal",
"offensive"
],
"word": "オッサン"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "person who is deceived",
"word": "uhri"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "rude",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kamo",
"sense": "person who is deceived",
"tags": [
"offensive",
"slang"
],
"word": "カモ"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lox",
"sense": "person who is deceived",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "лох"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trup",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "труп"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trup",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "труп"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"word": "raato"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"word": "ruumis"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macchabée"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Steifer"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stiúgaí"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trup"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trup",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "труп"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žmúrik",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "жму́рик"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tieso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"word": "fiambre"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "slang: cadaver, dead person",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "döing"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "US: person who leaves without paying the bill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zechpreller"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kui-nige",
"sense": "US: person who leaves without paying the bill",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "食い逃げ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "eats without money, does not matter if he/she leaves",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "musen-inshoku",
"sense": "US: person who leaves without paying the bill",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "無銭飲食"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Hokkien terms",
"Requests for review of Central Kurdish translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪf",
"Rhymes:English/ɪf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Death",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stiff up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stiff",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stīfaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stīfaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steypós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steypós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stiif"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stiif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stiv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål stiv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "steif"
},
"expansion": "German steif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stīpes"
},
"expansion": "Latin stīpes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stiffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stiffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stiffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stiffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stiff (third-person singular simple present stiffs, present participle stiffing, simple past and past participle stiffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Realizing he had forgotten his wallet, he stiffed the taxi driver when the cab stopped for a red light.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1946, William Foote Whyte, Industry and Society, page 129:",
"text": "We asked one girl to explain how she felt when she was \"stiffed.\" She said, You think of all the work you've done and how you've tried to please [them…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fail to pay that which one owes (implicitly or explicitly) to another, especially by departing hastily."
],
"links": [
[
"owe",
"owe"
],
[
"implicitly",
"implicitly"
],
[
"explicitly",
"explicitly"
],
[
"depart",
"depart"
],
[
"hastily",
"hastily"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1992, Stephen Birmingham, Shades of Fortune, page 451:",
"text": "You see, poor Nonie really was stiffed by Adolph in his will. He really stiffed her, Rose, and I really wanted to right that wrong.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cheat someone"
],
"links": [
[
"cheat",
"cheat"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, Mary Higgins Clark, I Heard That Song Before, page 154:",
"text": "Then he stiffed the waiter with a cheap tip.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tip ungenerously."
],
"links": [
[
"tip",
"tip"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1978, Lou Reed (lyrics and music), “Street Hassle”, in Street Hassle:",
"text": "But you know it could be a hassle / Trying to explain myself to a police officer / About how it was your old lady got herself stiffed",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kill."
],
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) To kill."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1990, Wayne Jancik, The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, →ISBN, page 18:",
"text": "\"Come To Me\" moved but a few to buy a copy; \"My Queen\" stiffed in the stall.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be unsuccessful."
],
"links": [
[
"unsuccessful",
"unsuccessful"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) To be unsuccessful."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪf/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stiff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪf"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to fail to pay money one owes",
"word": "tehdä oharit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to fail to pay money one owes",
"word": "prellen"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "harai-wasureru",
"sense": "to fail to pay money one owes",
"word": "払い忘れる"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to fail to pay money one owes",
"word": "sjappa"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to cheat someone",
"word": "țepui"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to tip ungenerously",
"word": "abspeisen"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Hokkien terms",
"Requests for review of Central Kurdish translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪf",
"Rhymes:English/ɪf/1 syllable",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Death",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stiff",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*stīfaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *stīfaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*steypós"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steypós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "stiif"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian stiif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "stijf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch stijf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stiv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål stiv",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "steif"
},
"expansion": "German steif",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stīpes"
},
"expansion": "Latin stīpes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more stiff",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most stiff",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "stiff (comparative more stiff, superlative most stiff)",
"name": "en-adverb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Nautical"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1731, John Lowthorp, Philosophical Transactions and Collections to the End of the Year MDCC, 4th edition, volume II, page 282:",
"text": "At Feversham was a very High Tide in the Afternoon, tho' the Wind was Southerly, and blew very stiff, which the Seamen there wondered at.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1849 October 23, Herman Melville, edited by Howard C. Horsforth and Lynn Horth, The Writings of Herman Melville: Journals, volume 15, published 1989, page 9:",
"text": "It soon blew stiff, & we scudded before it under double-reefed topsails, & mainsail hauled up.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1871 September 16, W.A. Crowther, Diary:",
"text": "At about 11.30 am it rained tremendously and blew very stiff.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of the wind, with great force; strongly."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) Of the wind, with great force; strongly."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪf/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-stiff.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪf"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "stiff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "stif"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of stif"
],
"links": [
[
"stif",
"stif#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "stiff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "stif"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of stif"
],
"links": [
[
"stif",
"stif#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "stif"
},
"expansion": "Middle English stif",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stīf"
},
"expansion": "Old English stīf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stīf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stīf",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "stiff",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yola adjectives",
"Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"Yola lemmas",
"Yola terms derived from Middle English",
"Yola terms derived from Old English",
"Yola terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Yola terms inherited from Middle English",
"Yola terms inherited from Old English",
"Yola terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Yola terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Stiff Stafford.",
"ref": "1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, in APPENDIX:",
"text": "Stiff Staffort,",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stiff"
],
"links": [
[
"stiff",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stɪɸ/"
}
],
"word": "stiff"
}
Download raw JSONL data for stiff meaning in All languages combined (59.5kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "stiff/English/adj: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"note\": \"[script needed] (liau)\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"]}: {\"antonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"flexible\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"loose\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"malleable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"slack\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"soft\"}], \"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English adverbs\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for native script for Hokkien terms\", \"Requests for review of Central Kurdish translations\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪf\", \"Rhymes:English/ɪf/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Plautdietsch translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Death\", \"en:People\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bindle stiff\"}, {\"word\": \"bored stiff\"}, {\"word\": \"frozen stiff\"}, {\"word\": \"scared stiff\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff-arm\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff as a board\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff as a poker\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff-backed\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff cheddar\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff-hearted\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff-leaf goldenrod\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff-lipped\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff man syndrome\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff neck\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff-necked\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff peak\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff peaks\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff person syndrome\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff-person syndrome\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff porridge\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff sickness\"}, {\"word\": \"Stiff Street\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff-tailed duck\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff upper lip\"}, {\"word\": \"stiffy\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"stiff\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English stiff\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"stīf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English stīf\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*stīf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *stīf\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*stīfaz\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *stīfaz\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*steypós\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *steypós\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"fy\", \"2\": \"stiif\"}, \"expansion\": \"West Frisian stiif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"stijf\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch stijf\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nb\", \"2\": \"stiv\"}, \"expansion\": \"Norwegian Bokmål stiv\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"steif\"}, \"expansion\": \"German steif\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"la\", \"2\": \"stīpes\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin stīpes\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English stiff, stiffe, stif, from Old English stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *steypós.\\nSee also West Frisian stiif, Dutch stijf, Norwegian Bokmål stiv, German steif; also Latin stīpes, stīpō, from which English stevedore.\\nThe expected Modern English form would be /staɪf/; /stɪf/ is probably originally from compounds such as stiffly, where the vowel was shortened before a consonant cluster.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"stiffer\", \"tags\": [\"comparative\"]}, {\"form\": \"stiffest\", \"tags\": [\"superlative\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"er\"}, \"expansion\": \"stiff (comparative stiffer, superlative stiffest)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"hyponyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"flaccid\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"starch\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"starched\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IX, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"“A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron;[…]. ¶ Near her wandered her husband, orientally bland, invariably affable, and from time to time squinting sideways, as usual, in the ever-renewed expectation that he might catch a glimpse of his stiff, retroussé moustache.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Xawin:\", \"text\": \"You have discovered the corpse of Captain Willem of the MSV Majesty. His stiff fingers are wrapped tightly around a small datapad.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Rigid; hard to bend; inflexible.\"], \"links\": [[\"Rigid\", \"rigid\"], [\"inflexible\", \"inflexible\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(of an object) Rigid; hard to bend; inflexible.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of an object\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"firm\"}, {\"word\": \"stark\"}, {\"word\": \"stiff\"}]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Inflexible; rigid.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figurative, of policies and rules and their application and enforcement) Inflexible; rigid.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Formal in behavior; unrelaxed.\"], \"links\": [[\"Formal\", \"formal\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(of a person) Formal in behavior; unrelaxed.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of a person\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English colloquialisms\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He was eventually caught, and given a stiff fine.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1961 February, “New English Electric diesels for East Africa”, in Trains Illustrated, page 90:\", \"text\": \"To fit them for heavy loads on gradients as stiff as 1 in 45 in tropical conditions, these Class 90 diesels embody several unusual features, [...].\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Harsh, severe.\"], \"links\": [[\"Harsh\", \"harsh\"], [\"severe\", \"severe\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(colloquial) Harsh, severe.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"brutal\"}, {\"word\": \"heavy\"}], \"tags\": [\"colloquial\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"My legs are stiff after climbing that hill yesterday.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Painful or more rigid than usual as a result of excessive or unaccustomed exercise.\"], \"links\": [[\"Painful\", \"painful\"], [\"unaccustomed\", \"unaccustomed\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(of muscles or parts of the body) Painful or more rigid than usual as a result of excessive or unaccustomed exercise.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of muscles or parts of the body\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"a stiff drink; a stiff dose; a stiff breeze\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 134:\", \"text\": \"[Badminton] was popular in India because of the climate, where it was played outdoors, but in England the stiff breezes made it impossible to play without heavily loaded shuttlecocks.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2023 July 4, Marina Hyde, “Who’s for political Bazball with Rishi? Voters? Tories? Anyone?”, in The Guardian:\", \"text\": \"In the end, perhaps these deflections are easier than confronting the reality and debunking some of the less helpful stories a certain section of England likes to tell about itself. Much easier to just order another stiff one, and raise the old toast: “My country, right or wrong!”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Potent.\"], \"links\": [[\"Potent\", \"potent\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"powerful\"}, {\"word\": \"strong\"}]}, {\"categories\": [\"English informal terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"Dead, deceased.\"], \"links\": [[\"Dead\", \"dead\"], [\"deceased\", \"deceased\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(informal) Dead, deceased.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"departed\"}, {\"word\": \"no more\"}, {\"word\": \"dead\"}], \"tags\": [\"informal\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1592/3, Thomas Nashe, The Choise of Valentines (Poetry), published 1899, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2006-02-27:\", \"text\": \"Adieu! faint-hearted instrument of lust; / That falselie hath betrayde our equale trust. / Hence-forth no more will I implore thine ayde, / Or thee, or man of cowardize upbrayde. / My little dilldo shall suply their kinde: / A knaue, that moues as light as leaues by winde; / That bendeth not, nor fouldeth anie deale, / But stands as stiff as he were made of steele; / And playes at peacock twixt my leggs right blythe, / And doeth my tickling swage with manie a sighe. / For, by saint Runnion! he'le refresh me well; / And neuer make my tender bellie swell.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Erect.\"], \"links\": [[\"penis\", \"penis\"], [\"Erect\", \"erect\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(slang, of the penis) Erect.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of the penis\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"hard\"}, {\"word\": \"tumescent\"}], \"tags\": [\"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Adding too much peanut butter to your Peanut Sauce recipe may cause your sauce to turn out too stiff.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Having a dense consistency; thick; (by extension) Difficult to stir.\"], \"links\": [[\"dense\", \"dense\"], [\"thick\", \"thick\"], [\"Difficult\", \"difficult\"], [\"stir\", \"stir\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"gooey\"}, {\"word\": \"thickflowing\"}, {\"word\": \"viscous\"}]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Cooking\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"beat the egg whites until they are stiff\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Beaten until so aerated that they stand up straight on their own.\"], \"links\": [[\"cooking\", \"cooking#Noun\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(cooking, of whipping cream or egg whites) Beaten until so aerated that they stand up straight on their own.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of whipping cream or egg whites\"], \"topics\": [\"cooking\", \"food\", \"lifestyle\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"Of an equation, for which certain numerical solving methods are numerically unstable, unless the step size is taken to be extremely small.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"equation\", \"equation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(mathematics) Of an equation, for which certain numerical solving methods are numerically unstable, unless the step size is taken to be extremely small.\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Nautical\"], \"glosses\": [\"Keeping upright.\"], \"links\": [[\"nautical\", \"nautical\"], [\"upright\", \"upright\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(nautical) Keeping upright.\"], \"topics\": [\"nautical\", \"transport\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\", \"en:Golf\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1968, William Price Fox, Southern Fried Plus Six: Short Works of Fiction, page 219:\", \"text\": \"I go all out, go for the long ball, the stiff shots to the pin, aim for the back of the cup.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Of a shot, landing so close to the flagstick that it should be very easy to sink the ball with the next shot.\"], \"links\": [[\"golf\", \"golf\"], [\"flagstick\", \"flagstick\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(golf) Of a shot, landing so close to the flagstick that it should be very easy to sink the ball with the next shot.\"], \"topics\": [\"golf\", \"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"sports\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Professional wrestling\"], \"glosses\": [\"Delivered more forcefully than needed, whether intentionally or accidentally, thus causing legitimate pain to the opponent.\"], \"links\": [[\"professional wrestling\", \"professional wrestling\"], [\"legitimate\", \"legitimate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(professional wrestling, of a strike) Delivered more forcefully than needed, whether intentionally or accidentally, thus causing legitimate pain to the opponent.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"of a strike\"], \"topics\": [\"government\", \"hobbies\", \"lifestyle\", \"martial-arts\", \"military\", \"politics\", \"professional-wrestling\", \"sports\", \"war\", \"wrestling\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/stɪf/\"}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-stiff.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg/En-us-stiff.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/En-us-stiff.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɪf\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"firm\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"frozen\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"hard\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"hardened\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"immalleable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"inflexible\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"ossified\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"petrified\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"rigid\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"solid\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"stark\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"stubborn\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"stiff\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"taut\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"tight\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"unbending\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"unlimber\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:stiff\", \"word\": \"unyielding\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"thir\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"থিৰ\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"thereṅa\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"ঠেৰেঙা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"korav\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"корав\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"neelastičen\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"нееластичен\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rígid\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"yìng\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"硬\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rigide\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stijf\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"jäykkä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rigide\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"raide\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"irto\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rixo\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"steif\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"starr\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"merev\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rigido\"}, {\"alt\": \"かたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"katai\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"硬い\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"rɨng\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"រឹង\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ttakttakhan\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"딱딱한\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rigidus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rigens\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stīvs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stings\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stingrs\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"kaḍā\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"कडा\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"kaṭhor\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"कठोर\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"dahro\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"दह्रो\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rigide\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stiv\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stiv\"}, {\"code\": \"pdt\", \"lang\": \"Plautdietsch\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stiew\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"sztywny\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rígido\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"duro\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"inflexível\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rijo\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"hirto\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"firme\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žóstkij\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"жёсткий\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"negíbkij\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"неги́бкий\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"tvjórdyj\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"твёрдый\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rag\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"pšosty\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rígido\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"duro\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"tieso\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"inflexible\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stel\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"kɛ̌ng\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"แข็ง\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"cứng\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"stifik\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"anhyblyg\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"of an object, rigid, hard to bend, inflexible\", \"word\": \"rhyn\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"tvǎrd\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"твърд\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"inflexibel\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"kankea\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rigide\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"rigido\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"inflessibile\"}, {\"alt\": \"かたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"katai\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"固い\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"rígido\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"inflexível\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žóstkij\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"жёсткий\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nepokolebímyj\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"непоколеби́мый\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nepreklónnyj\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"непрекло́нный\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"tvjórdyj\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"твёрдый\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"rag\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"rígido\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"inflexible\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"anhyblyg\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"rhyn\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"figuratively: of policies and rules and their application and enforcement\", \"word\": \"dur\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"encarcarat\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"cerimoniós\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"stug\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"jäykkä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"raide\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"teso\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"serio\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"steif\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"merev\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"stalcánta\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"rigido\"}, {\"alt\": \"かたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"katai\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"固い\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"stiv\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"sério\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"firme\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"xolódnyj\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"холо́дный\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"čópornyj\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"чо́порный\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"rag\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"pšosty\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"rígido\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"serio\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"tieso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"stel\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"anhyblyg\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"rhyn\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"of a person, formal in behavior, unrelaxed\", \"word\": \"dur\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"silen\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"силен\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"stevig\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"kova\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"duro\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"severo\"}, {\"alt\": \"かたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"katai\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"堅い\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"hard\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"srogi\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"surowy\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"duro\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"severo\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"strógij\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"стро́гий\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"suróvyj\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"суро́вый\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"rígido\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"severo\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"dur\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"colloquial: harsh, severe\", \"word\": \"rhyn\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"shvanat\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"схванат\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"vdǎrven\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"вдървен\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"note\": \"[script needed] (liau)\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"]}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ztuhlý\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"stijf\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"jäykkä\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"kankea\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"steif\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"rigido\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"koru\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"凝る\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"ioio\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"koio\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"note\": \"of the neck\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"taui\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"stiv\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"dolorido\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rijo\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"okostenévšij\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"окостене́вший\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oderevenélyj\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"одеревене́лый\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"rag\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"pšosty\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"dolorido\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"adolorido\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"of muscles, or parts of the body\", \"word\": \"stel\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"silen\", \"sense\": \"potent\", \"word\": \"силен\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"potent\", \"word\": \"vahva\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"krépkij\", \"sense\": \"potent\", \"word\": \"кре́пкий\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"silʹnodéjstvujuščij\", \"sense\": \"potent\", \"word\": \"сильноде́йствующий\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"nadǎrven\", \"sense\": \"erect, of a penis\", \"word\": \"надървен\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"erect, of a penis\", \"word\": \"raide\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"erect, of a penis\", \"word\": \"tora\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"erect, of a penis\", \"word\": \"stiv\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"erect, of a penis\", \"word\": \"stiv\"}], \"word\": \"stiff\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "stiff",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.