See abstract in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract of title"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "abstrakt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: abstrakt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: abstrakt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abstract"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abstract",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstractus"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstractus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abstracts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abstract (plural abstracts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1741, I[saac] Watts, The Improvement of the Mind: Or, A Supplement to the Art of Logick: […], London: […] James Brackstone, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "An analysis and abstract of every treatise he had read.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abridgement or summary of a longer publication."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-noun-AOupnAvJ",
"links": [
[
"abridgement",
"abridgement"
],
[
"summary",
"summary"
],
[
"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mulaḵḵaṣ",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُلَخَّص"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "abstrákt",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абстра́кт"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rezjumé",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "резюме́"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "avtoreferát",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "авторефера́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "resum"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "extracte"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhāiyào",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "摘要"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "výtah"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "shrnutí"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "resume"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "samenvatting"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "korte inhoud"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "resumé"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "resumo"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "kokkuvõte"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "tiivistelmä"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "résumé"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "resumo"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Auszug"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zusammenfassung"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "perílipsi",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "περίληψη"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epitomí",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιτομή"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sýnopsi",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "σύνοψη"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārāñś",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "सारांश"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nicoḍ",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "निचोड"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "ikhtisar"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "abstrak"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "achomaireacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coimriú"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estratto"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sunto"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "compendio"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "riassunto"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"alt": "がいよう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaiyō",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "概要"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"alt": "ようやく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yōyaku",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "要約"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "referat",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "реферат"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "bot khat nyǭ",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "ບົດຄັດຫຍໍ້"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rezumējums"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kopsavilkums"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "whakarāpopoto"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "sārāuśa",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "सारांश"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "goṣvārā",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "गोषवारा"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "oppsummering"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "referat"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sammendrag"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utdrag"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "resymé"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ekstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "streszczenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podsumowanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"note": "in the sciences only",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "resumo"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sumário"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rezumat"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "conspect"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "extras"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "konspékt",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "конспе́кт"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "referát",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рефера́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sinópsis",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сино́псис"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "саже́так"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sažétak"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "resumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "extracto"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "ikisiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "referat"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sammandrag"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sammanfattning"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utdrag"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 5 5 5 1 5 3 25",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "บทคัดย่อ"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 7 5 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 3 7 1 0 1 9 9 9 1 4 2 8 2 2 1 1 1 6 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 7 7 7 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 7 7 7 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.",
"Concentrated essence of a product."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-noun-66BfzwtV",
"links": [
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
],
[
"essence",
"essence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 7 5 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 3 7 1 0 1 9 9 9 1 4 2 8 2 2 1 1 1 6 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 7 7 7 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 7 7 7 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.",
"A powdered solid extract of a medicinal substance mixed with lactose."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-noun-ai2vAMTf",
"links": [
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"powder",
"powder"
],
[
"extract",
"extract"
],
[
"lactose",
"lactose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.",
"(medicine) A powdered solid extract of a medicinal substance mixed with lactose."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ekstrákt",
"sense": "an extract of a vegetable substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "екстра́кт"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an extract of a vegetable substance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "výtažek"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an extract of a vegetable substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "uittreksel"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an extract of a vegetable substance",
"word": "uute"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ekchýlisma",
"sense": "an extract of a vegetable substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "εκχύλισμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apóstagma",
"sense": "an extract of a vegetable substance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "απόσταγμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nicoḍ",
"sense": "an extract of a vegetable substance",
"word": "निचोड"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
"alt": "ちゅうしゅつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshutsu",
"sense": "an extract of a vegetable substance",
"word": "抽出"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 68 3 5 6 4 6",
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"ref": "1628, John Ford, The Lover's Melancholy:",
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"ref": "1843, John Stuart Mill, chapter II, in A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence, and the Methods of Scientific Investigation. […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, page 54:",
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{
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{
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{
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"code": "ro",
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"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
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],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstractness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract nonsense"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract noun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract number"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract numbers"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract publication"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract term"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract terms"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract type"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract universal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract verb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autoabstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in the abstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "microabstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonabstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overabstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reabstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "semiabstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "superabstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "typestract"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unabstract"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abstract"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abstract",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstractus"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstractus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more abstract",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "abstracter",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most abstract",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "abstractest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "more",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "abstract (comparative more abstract or abstracter, superlative most abstract or abstractest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reify"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Derived; extracted."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-nUDT1d69",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Derived; extracted."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "41 19 5 3 4 3 1 1 5 2 5 7 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "extracted",
"word": "onttrokken"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 19 5 3 4 3 1 1 5 2 5 7 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extracted",
"word": "uutettu"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 19 5 3 4 3 1 1 5 2 5 7 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extracted",
"word": "extraído"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 19 5 3 4 3 1 1 5 2 5 7 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extracted",
"word": "abstracto"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 11 4 3 3 3 0 1 3 1 3 6 2 1 2 6 6 6 2 6 3 6 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 4 3 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 11 3 2 3 2 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 1 6 3 6 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 4 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 7 5 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 3 7 1 0 1 9 9 9 1 4 2 8 2 2 1 1 1 6 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 3 8 2 2 2 2 0 0 2 0 2 4 1 0 2 4 4 4 0 4 2 4 1 1 0 1 0 3 0 3 1 0 0 0 5 5 5 5 5 0 7 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 4 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 6 5 3 4 3 5 2 2 2 1 1 5 2 3 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 2 3 2 1 1 3 1 3 6 4 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 2 2 2 4 2 3 3 2 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 7 4 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 4 5 1 3 2 1 1 5 2 3 3 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 5 2 3 2 1 1 3 1 4 7 2 1 2 7 7 7 2 4 3 6 1 2 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 2 2 2 1 1 3 2 3 4 2 1 2 7 7 7 2 4 3 5 3 2 2 2 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 7 7 7 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 2 2 2 1 1 3 2 3 5 3 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 2 5 3 3 2 2 2 5 2 3 3 2 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 2 3 2 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 7 5 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 2 3 2 1 1 4 4 4 4 3 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 5 3 3 5 3 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 7 4 3 4 3 2 1 3 1 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 3 3 2 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 7 4 2 4 2 1 2 2 1 2 4 2 1 1 4 4 4 4 3 2 5 3 3 3 3 3 5 3 3 4 3 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 4 5 2 0 2 6 6 6 2 5 3 6 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 4 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 6 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 2 3 2 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 2 2 1 4 2 4 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 2 3 2 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 2 2 1 4 2 4 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 4 5 2 3 1 1 1 4 1 3 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 2 3 2 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 2 2 1 4 2 4 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 4 2 3 2 1 1 3 1 3 4 3 1 2 5 5 5 4 4 3 5 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 3 3 2 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 5 2 2 2 0 0 3 0 4 7 1 0 2 8 8 8 1 4 2 6 1 1 1 0 0 5 1 2 1 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 3 3 2 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 2 2 2 5 2 3 2 2 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 2 3 2 2 1 4 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 2 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 4 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 1 2 2 1 1 5 2 3 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 4 5 2 0 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 2 2 1 4 2 4 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 7 7 7 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 10 4 2 2 2 1 1 3 1 3 5 2 0 2 6 6 6 2 5 2 7 2 2 2 2 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 4 5 2 0 2 6 6 6 3 5 3 6 2 2 2 2 1 4 2 4 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 4 5 2 1 2 6 6 6 2 4 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 4 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 3 4 3 5 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 4 3 1 1 3 2 3 5 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 5 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 1 3 6 2 1 2 5 5 5 2 4 6 5 1 2 1 1 1 4 2 3 3 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "17th century, John Norris (philosopher), The Oxford Dictionary",
"text": "The more abstract we are from the body ... the more fit we shall be to behold divine light."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Drawn away; removed from; apart from; separate."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-fyDqdCBe",
"links": [
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) Drawn away; removed from; apart from; separate."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "afgezonderd"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "gescheiden"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "erillinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "teorico"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "separat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstrato"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abstráktnyj",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "абстра́ктный"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 57 5 4 5 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "afwezig"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "verstrooid"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "poissaoleva"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afiriménos",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αφηρημένος"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "distrahert"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "انتزاعی"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "distraído"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "desatento"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "abstrato"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 21 10 4 4 4 1 0 6 13 9 12 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "distraído"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "actual"
},
{
"word": "concrete"
},
{
"word": "corporeal"
},
{
"word": "empirical"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not concrete: conceptual, ideal.",
"Insufficiently factual."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-UKZ3dnWj",
"links": [
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"conceptual",
"conceptual"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "conceptual"
},
{
"word": "ideal"
},
{
"word": "imaginary"
},
{
"word": "incorporeal"
},
{
"word": "intangible"
},
{
"word": "nonempirical"
},
{
"word": "theoretical"
},
{
"word": "formal"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "actual"
},
{
"word": "concrete"
},
{
"word": "corporeal"
},
{
"word": "empirical"
},
{
"word": "applied"
},
{
"word": "practical"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, Nicholas Walker, “The Reorientation of Critical Theory: Habermas”, in Simon Glemdinning, editor, The Edinburgh Encyclopedia of Continental Philosophy, Routledge, →ISBN, page 489:",
"text": "During the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, this commitment brought him into frequent critical confrontation with entrenched forms of conservative thinking (in academic areas from history and social science to the more abstract domains of ethical and political philosophy),[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not concrete: conceptual, ideal.",
"Apart from practice or reality; vague; theoretical; impersonal; not applied."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-SKNQgFMy",
"links": [
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"conceptual",
"conceptual"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"reality",
"reality"
],
[
"vague",
"vague"
],
[
"theoretical",
"theoretical"
],
[
"impersonal",
"impersonal"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "conceptual"
},
{
"word": "ideal"
},
{
"word": "imaginary"
},
{
"word": "incorporeal"
},
{
"word": "intangible"
},
{
"word": "nonempirical"
},
{
"word": "theoretical"
},
{
"word": "conceptual"
},
{
"word": "theoretical"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maʕnawiyy",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "مَعْنَوِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tajrīdiyy",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "تَجْرِيدِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mujarrad",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "مُجَرَّد"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "veracʻakan",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "վերացական"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "abstrakt",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "աբստրակտ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "astrautu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "mücərrəd"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstraktu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abstráktny",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстра́ктны"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "abstrakten",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстрактен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvlečen",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "отвлечен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstracte"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "cau¹ zoeng⁶",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "抽象"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "抽象"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chōuxiàng",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "抽象"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "theoretisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstraktne"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "teoreettinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakti"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "theoritikós",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θεωρητικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "amūrt",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "અમૂર્ત"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhāvvācak",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "भाववाचक"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "absztrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "astratto"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "teorico"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"alt": "ちゅうしょうてき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshōteki",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "抽象的"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "dereksız",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "дерексіз"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "abstraktyly",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстрактылы"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "abstraktılı",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстрактілі"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chusangjeok",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "추상적"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakts"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrak"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "niskala"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "amūṟtta",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "അമൂർത്ത"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "tūrehurehu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrákta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakcyjny"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrato"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abstráktnyj",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстра́ктный"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvlečónnyj",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "отвлечённый"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "viṣayavivikta",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "विषयविविक्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakten"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "teoretisk"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "basal"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naam",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "นาม"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "soyut"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstre"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "abstráktnyj",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстра́ктний"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "trừu tượng"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 16 8 41 8 8 0 1 9 1 3 1 1 1",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "abstrakt",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "אַבסטראַקט"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "actual"
},
{
"word": "concrete"
},
{
"word": "corporeal"
},
{
"word": "empirical"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not concrete: conceptual, ideal.",
"As a noun, denoting a concept or intangible as opposed to an object, place, or person."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-8lkin9eH",
"links": [
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"conceptual",
"conceptual"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
],
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Not concrete: conceptual, ideal.",
"(grammar) As a noun, denoting a concept or intangible as opposed to an object, place, or person."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "conceptual"
},
{
"word": "ideal"
},
{
"word": "imaginary"
},
{
"word": "incorporeal"
},
{
"word": "intangible"
},
{
"word": "nonempirical"
},
{
"word": "theoretical"
}
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "actual"
},
{
"word": "concrete"
},
{
"word": "corporeal"
},
{
"word": "empirical"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Her new film is an abstract piece, combining elements of magic realism, flashbacks, and animation but with very little in terms of plot construction.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not concrete: conceptual, ideal."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-9FWfYTHX",
"links": [
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"conceptual",
"conceptual"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "conceptual"
},
{
"word": "ideal"
},
{
"word": "imaginary"
},
{
"word": "incorporeal"
},
{
"word": "intangible"
},
{
"word": "nonempirical"
},
{
"word": "theoretical"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The politician gave a somewhat abstract answer when asked about their plans to cut spending.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1929, Ernest Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms:",
"text": "Abstract words such as glory, honour, courage, or hallow were obscene.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Difficult to understand; abstruse; hard to conceptualize."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-6yDUCp4z",
"links": [
[
"abstruse",
"abstruse"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abstruse"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nerazbiraem",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "неразбираем"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstracte"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "vaag"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "algemeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "vaikeaselkoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstrakti"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dysnóitos",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δυσνόητος"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "astruso"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "grūti saprotams"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "uforståelig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstrakcyjny"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "complicado"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "difícil"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "complicado"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "djupsinnig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 2 2 4 1 75 2 1 3 2 2 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "svårfattlig"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, John Stuart Mill, A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, volume 1, page 34:",
"text": "A concrete name is a name which stands for a thing; an abstract name which stands for an attribute of a thing...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Separately expressing a property or attribute of an object that is considered to be inherent to that object: attributive, ascriptive."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-A5PDMIxy",
"links": [
[
"Separately",
"separate"
],
[
"property",
"property"
],
[
"attribute",
"attribute"
],
[
"inherent",
"inherent"
],
[
"attributive",
"attributive"
],
[
"ascriptive",
"ascriptive"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "attributive"
},
{
"word": "ascriptive"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "discrete"
},
{
"word": "specific"
},
{
"word": "particular"
},
{
"word": "precise"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, John Stuart Mill, A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, volume 1, page 34:",
"text": "A concrete name is a name which stands for a thing; an abstract name which stands for an attribute of a thing.[…]A practice, however, has grown up in more modern times, which, if not introduced by Locke, has gained currency from his example, of applying the expression \"abstract name\" to all names which are the result of abstraction and generalization, and consequently to all general names, instead of confining it to the names of attributes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Laurence, Stephen and Margolis, Eric, Abstraction and the Origin of General Ideas, Philosophers' Imprint volume 12, no. 19, December 2012",
"text": "Given their opposition to innate ideas, philosophers in the empiricist tradition have sought to explain how the rich and multifarious representational capacities that human beings possess derive from experience. A key explanatory strategy in this tradition, tracing back at least as far as John Locke’s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, is to maintain that the acquisition of many of these capacities can be accounted for by a process of abstraction. In fact, Locke himself claims in the Essay that abstraction is the source of all general ideas (1690/1975, II, xii, §1). Although Berkeley and Hume were highly critical of Locke, abstraction as a source of generality has been a lasting theme in empiricist thought."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining comprehensively to, or representing, a class or group of objects, as opposed to any specific object; considered apart from any application to a particular object: general, generic, nonspecific; representational."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-0TCa~bUH",
"links": [
[
"Pertaining",
"pertain"
],
[
"comprehensively",
"comprehensively"
],
[
"representing",
"represent"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"specific",
"specific"
],
[
"particular",
"particular"
],
[
"general",
"general"
],
[
"generic",
"generic"
],
[
"nonspecific",
"nonspecific"
],
[
"representational",
"representational"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "general"
},
{
"word": "generalized"
},
{
"word": "generic"
},
{
"word": "nonspecific"
},
{
"word": "representational"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 2 25 2 2 2 35 2 15 2 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "algemeen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 2 25 2 2 2 35 2 15 2 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "yleinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 2 25 2 2 2 35 2 15 2 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 2 25 2 2 2 35 2 15 2 2 1",
"alt": "ちゅうしょうてき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshōteki",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "抽象的"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 2 25 2 2 2 35 2 15 2 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "generell"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 2 25 2 2 2 35 2 15 2 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 2 25 2 2 2 35 2 15 2 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "abstrato"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, line 1099:",
"text": "Abſtract as in a tranſe methought I ſaw,\nabstract, as in a trance",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922, D. H. Lawrence, Aaron's Rod:",
"text": "White and abstract-looking, he sat and ate his dinner.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Absent-minded."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-xA60EuSx",
"links": [
[
"Absent-minded",
"absent-minded"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Absent-minded."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Art",
"orig": "en:Art",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1921, Aldous Huxley, chapter 12, in Crome Yellow, London: Chatto & Windus:",
"text": "But his design is wonderful. He’s getting more and more abstract every day. He’d given up the third dimension when I was there and was just thinking of giving up the second. Soon, he says, there’ll be just the blank canvas. That’s the logical conclusion. Complete abstraction.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them.",
"Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20ᵗʰ century."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-I7kaDC93",
"links": [
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
],
[
"capitalized",
"capitalisation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(art) Pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them.",
"(art, often capitalized) Free from representational qualities, in particular the non-representational styles of the 20ᵗʰ century."
],
"tags": [
"capitalized",
"often"
],
"topics": [
"art",
"arts"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstracte"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakta"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakti"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afiriménos",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αφηρημένος"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"alt": "ちゅうしょうてき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshōteki",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "抽象的"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "amūṟtta",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "അമൂർത്ത"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "tūrehurehu"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakcyjny"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrato"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakten"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 17 4 7 3 3 0 1 12 1 34 9 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstracto"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Art",
"orig": "en:Art",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "en:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 7 5 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 3 7 1 0 1 9 9 9 1 4 2 8 2 2 1 1 1 6 1 3 2 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them.",
"Absolute."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-CGJbgDor",
"links": [
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
],
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"Absolute",
"absolute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(art) Pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them.",
"(music) Absolute."
],
"topics": [
"art",
"arts",
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Art",
"orig": "en:Art",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dance",
"orig": "en:Dance",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Recreation",
"Culture",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them.",
"Lacking a story."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-sMenqeTw",
"links": [
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
],
[
"dance",
"dance#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(art) Pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them.",
"(dance) Lacking a story."
],
"topics": [
"art",
"arts",
"dance",
"dancing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Object-oriented programming",
"orig": "en:Object-oriented programming",
"parents": [
"Programming",
"Computing",
"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
"Fundamental",
"Communication"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Being a partial basis for subclasses rather than a complete template for objects."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-adj-G9bfoT0E",
"links": [
[
"object-oriented programming",
"object-oriented programming"
],
[
"class",
"class"
],
[
"subclass",
"subclass"
],
[
"object",
"object"
]
],
"qualifier": "object-oriented programming",
"raw_glosses": [
"(object-oriented programming, of a class) Being a partial basis for subclasses rather than a complete template for objects."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a class"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈæbˌstɹækt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-abstract (noun).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˌæbˈstɹækt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əbˈstɹækt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæbˌstɹækt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "abstract"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstractable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstract away from"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstracted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstracter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstractor"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abstract"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abstract",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstractus"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstractus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abstracts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstracting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abstracted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "abstracted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "abstract",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abstract (third-person singular simple present abstracts, present participle abstracting, simple past and past participle abstracted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstraction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstractive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abstractum"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1834, Harriet Martineau, Illustration of Political Economy, volume IX:",
"text": "The lightning of the public burdens, which at present abstract a large proportion of profits and wages.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To remove; to take away; withdraw."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-5IxNXUFz",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"take away",
"take away"
],
[
"withdraw",
"withdraw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To remove; to take away; withdraw."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvaždam",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "изваждам"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "terugtrekken"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "vetää"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "entziehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afairó",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "αφαιρώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aposýro",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "αποσύρω"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "piche ānā",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "पिछे आना"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "māge yeṇe",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "मागे येणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "fjerne"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "utta"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odciągać"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odciągnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "retirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "quitar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "retirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "47 36 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "extraer"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, William Black, The Strange Adventures of a Phaeton:",
"text": "Von Rosen had quietly abstracted the bearing-reins from the harness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1869, Bholanauth Chunder, The Travels of a Hindoo to Various Parts of Bengal and Upper India:",
"text": "The inlaid characters in diamond, and other precious stones, have been all abstracted away by the pelf-loving Jaut and Mahratta—leaving the walls defaced with the hollow marks of the chisel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, A P Simester, J R Spencer, G R Sullivan, Simester and Sullivan's Criminal Law: Theory and Doctrine:",
"text": "Section 13 of the 1968 Act enacts a separate offence of dishonestly abstracting electricity. The separate offence is needed because electricity, like other forms of energy such as heat, is not property.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To steal; to take away; to remove without permission."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-IIqpGiCn",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"steal",
"steal"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive, euphemistic) To steal; to take away; to remove without permission."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "13 33 5 8 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 3",
"sense": "to filch, purloin, or steal",
"word": "filch"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 33 5 8 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 3",
"sense": "to filch, purloin, or steal",
"word": "purloin"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 33 5 8 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 3",
"sense": "to filch, purloin, or steal",
"word": "steal"
}
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otmǎkvam",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "отмъквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "ontvreemden"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "poistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "puhaltaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "klévo",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "κλέβω"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypexairó",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "υπεξαιρώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "sottrarre"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "nozagt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "nočiept"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "stjele"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "tjuve"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "rane"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "tæsje"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "røve"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "naske"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "roubar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "knycka"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "stjäla"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "nalla"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "sno"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, John Marston, Antonio's Revenge, act II, scene I:",
"text": "Poison from roses who could e'er abstract?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To extract by means of distillation."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-ay~hmfPw",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"extract",
"extract"
],
[
"distillation",
"distillation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive, obsolete) To extract by means of distillation."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "onttrekken"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "uuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "distiller"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apostázo",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "αποστάζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "destillere"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odciągać"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odciągnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "destilar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 69 2 2 13 2 2 3 2 2 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "destilar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "June 1869, William Blackwood, Late for the Train (published in Blackwood's Magazine)",
"text": "The young stranger had been abstracted and silent."
},
{
"text": "He was wholly abstracted by other objects."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To draw off (interest or attention)."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-Z1en8-gc",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To draw off (interest or attention)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 5 2 69 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvličam",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "отвличам"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 2 69 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "afleiden"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 2 69 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "viedä huomio"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 2 69 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afairoúmai",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "αφαιρούμαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 2 69 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to draw off",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odciągać"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 2 69 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to draw off",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odciągnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 5 2 69 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "abstrair"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To withdraw oneself; to retire."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-uNlDn1h7",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"withdraw",
"withdraw"
],
[
"retire",
"retire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(intransitive, reflexive, literally, figuratively) To withdraw oneself; to retire."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive",
"literally",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "20 5 2 3 59 2 2 2 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "zich terugtrekken"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 5 2 3 59 2 2 2 2 2 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "vetäytyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 5 2 3 59 2 2 2 2 2 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "se retirer"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 5 2 3 59 2 2 2 2 2 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "fjerne seg"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 5 2 3 59 2 2 2 2 2 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "abstraerse"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-MbdRkSNV",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
],
[
"conceptualize",
"conceptualize"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
],
[
"subgroup",
"subgroup"
],
[
"generalization",
"generalize"
],
[
"attribute",
"attribute"
],
[
"apprehending",
"apprehend"
],
[
"inherent",
"inherent"
],
[
"separating",
"separate"
],
[
"conceiving",
"conceive"
],
[
"despecifying",
"despecification"
],
[
"ideating",
"ideate"
],
[
"perceived",
"perceive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1710, George Berkeley, A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge:",
"text": "I own myself able to abstract in one sense.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To perform the process of abstraction."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-bJbbOSBI",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
],
[
"abstraction",
"abstraction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"(intransitive, rare) To perform the process of abstraction."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstraheren"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstrahoida"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrtikran karnā",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "अमूर्तिकरन करना"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "mengabstrakkan"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "astrarre"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "amūrtikraṇ karṇe",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "अमूर्तिकरण करणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstrahere"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "abstrahować"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyabstrahować"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstrair"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abstragírovatʹ",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "абстраги́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 3 3 3 4 64 3 10 3 3 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstrahera"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To create abstractions."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-OYhrPrDj",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
]
],
"qualifier": "fine arts",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"(intransitive, fine arts) To create abstractions."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He abstracted out the square root function."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To produce an abstraction, usually by refactoring existing code. Generally used with \"out\"."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-3nuHQLXn",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
],
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"abstraction",
"abstraction"
],
[
"refactoring",
"refactoring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"(intransitive, computing) To produce an abstraction, usually by refactoring existing code. Generally used with \"out\"."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 7 4 4 4 8 18 18 24 4 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "abstraheren"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 4 4 4 8 18 18 24 4 4 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "abstrahoida"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 4 4 4 8 18 18 24 4 4 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrt kalākŕtī karnā",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "अमूर्त कलाकृती करना"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 4 4 4 8 18 18 24 4 4 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "amūrta kalākŕtī karṇe",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "अमूर्त कलाकृती करणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 4 4 4 8 18 18 24 4 4 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "abstrahere"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 7 4 4 4 8 18 18 24 4 4 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "abstrair"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1781, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume II:",
"text": "To abstract the notions of time, of space, and of matter.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-qFCyAcY4",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1822, [Walter Scott], Peveril of the Peak. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC:",
"text": "He was incapable of forming any opinion or resolution abstracted from his own prejudices.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-y1Lc~M5y",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To summarize; to abridge; to epitomize."
],
"id": "en-abstract-en-verb-wPmfFzTk",
"links": [
[
"summarize",
"summarize"
],
[
"abridge",
"abridge"
],
[
"epitomize",
"epitomize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To summarize; to abridge; to epitomize."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "abridge"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "epitomize"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "summarize"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "samenvatten"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "tiivistää"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "abstraire"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "synopsízo",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "συνοψίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārāñś karnā",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "सारांश करना"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "mengabstrakkan"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "riassumere"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "sārāuśa karṇe",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "सारांश करणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "oppsummere"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "resumir"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "sumariar"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "resumir"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "göra sammandrag av"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 3 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 76",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "sammanfatta"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌæbˈstɹækt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əbˈstɹækt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-abstract (verb).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28verb%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28verb%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28verb%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28verb%29.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ækt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "23 18 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 0",
"sense": "to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw",
"word": "remove"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 18 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 0",
"sense": "to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw",
"word": "separate"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 18 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 0",
"sense": "to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw",
"word": "take away"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 18 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 0",
"sense": "to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw",
"word": "withdraw"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otdeljam",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "отделям"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otnemam",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "отнемам"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "afzonderen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "eristää"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "erottaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "abstraire"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "trennen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apospó",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "αποσπώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diachorízo",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "διαχωρίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "alag karnā",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "अलग करना"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nikāl denā",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "निकाल देना"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "mengabstrakkan"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "rimuovere"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "sottrarre"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "estrarre"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "toru",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "取る"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "atšķirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "nošķirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vegḷe karṇe",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "वेगळे करणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kāḍhūn ṭākṇe",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "काढून टाकणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "separere"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odciągać"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odciągnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "abstrair"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "retirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "llulmiy"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "abstraer"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "retirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "extraer"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "abstrahera"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "skilja av"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "skilja ut"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "ta bort"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "abstrahel",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "աբստրահել"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstraheren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstrakti"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "tuumia"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstrahieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrtarūpse lenā",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "अमूर्तरूपसे लेना"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "mengabstrakkan"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "amūrtapṇe gheṇe",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "अमूर्तपणे घेणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "fundere"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "spekulere"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "filosofere"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "انتزاعیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstrair"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstraer"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 0 1 0 19 19 19 19 19 0 0",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "abstrahirn",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "אַבסטראַהירן"
}
],
"word": "abstract"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Danish entries",
"Requests for gender in Hindi entries",
"Requests for gender in Marathi entries",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Yiddish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ækt",
"Rhymes:English/ækt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abstract of title"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "abstrakt",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: abstrakt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: abstrakt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abstract"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abstract",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstractus"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstractus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abstracts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abstract (plural abstracts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1741, I[saac] Watts, The Improvement of the Mind: Or, A Supplement to the Art of Logick: […], London: […] James Brackstone, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "An analysis and abstract of every treatise he had read.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abridgement or summary of a longer publication."
],
"links": [
[
"abridgement",
"abridgement"
],
[
"summary",
"summary"
],
[
"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"glosses": [
"Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.",
"Concentrated essence of a product."
],
"links": [
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
],
[
"essence",
"essence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.",
"A powdered solid extract of a medicinal substance mixed with lactose."
],
"links": [
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"powder",
"powder"
],
[
"extract",
"extract"
],
[
"lactose",
"lactose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.",
"(medicine) A powdered solid extract of a medicinal substance mixed with lactose."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1628, John Ford, The Lover's Melancholy:",
"text": "Man, the abstract Of all perfection, which the workmanship Of Heaven hath modeled.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items."
],
"links": [
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1843, John Stuart Mill, chapter II, in A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence, and the Methods of Scientific Investigation. […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, page 54:",
"text": "Thus the concrete like has its abstract likeness; the concretes, father and son, have the abstracts, paternity and filiation.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An abstraction; an abstract term; that which is abstract."
],
"links": [
[
"abstraction",
"abstraction"
],
[
"abstract",
"#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The theoretical way of looking at things; something that exists only in idealized form."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Art"
],
"glosses": [
"An abstract work of art."
],
"links": [
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(art) An abstract work of art."
],
"topics": [
"art",
"arts"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Real estate"
],
"glosses": [
"A summary title of the key points detailing a tract of land, for ownership; abstract of title."
],
"links": [
[
"real estate",
"real estate"
],
[
"abstract of title",
"abstract of title"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(real estate) A summary title of the key points detailing a tract of land, for ownership; abstract of title."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"real-estate"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈæbˌstɹækt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-abstract (noun).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "statement summarizing the important points of a text",
"word": "abridgment"
},
{
"sense": "statement summarizing the important points of a text",
"word": "compendium"
},
{
"sense": "statement summarizing the important points of a text",
"word": "epitome"
},
{
"sense": "statement summarizing the important points of a text",
"word": "synopsis"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mulaḵḵaṣ",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُلَخَّص"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "abstrákt",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абстра́кт"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rezjumé",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "резюме́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "avtoreferát",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "авторефера́т"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "resum"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "extracte"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhāiyào",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "摘要"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "výtah"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "shrnutí"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "resume"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "samenvatting"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "korte inhoud"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "resumé"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "resumo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "kokkuvõte"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "tiivistelmä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "résumé"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "resumo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Auszug"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zusammenfassung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "perílipsi",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "περίληψη"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epitomí",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιτομή"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sýnopsi",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "σύνοψη"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārāñś",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "सारांश"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nicoḍ",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "निचोड"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "ikhtisar"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "abstrak"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "achomaireacht"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coimriú"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estratto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sunto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "compendio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "riassunto"
},
{
"alt": "がいよう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaiyō",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "概要"
},
{
"alt": "ようやく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yōyaku",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "要約"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "referat",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "реферат"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "bot khat nyǭ",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "ບົດຄັດຫຍໍ້"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rezumējums"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kopsavilkums"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "whakarāpopoto"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "sārāuśa",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "सारांश"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "goṣvārā",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "गोषवारा"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "oppsummering"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "referat"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sammendrag"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utdrag"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "resymé"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ekstrakt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "streszczenie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "podsumowanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"note": "in the sciences only",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "resumo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sumário"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rezumat"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "conspect"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "extras"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "konspékt",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "конспе́кт"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "referát",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рефера́т"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sinópsis",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сино́псис"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "саже́так"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sažétak"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "resumen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "extracto"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "ikisiri"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "referat"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sammandrag"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sammanfattning"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "utdrag"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "an abridgement or summary",
"word": "บทคัดย่อ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xifra"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "essentie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"word": "aineellistuma"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nicoḍ",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"word": "निचोड"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"word": "abstrak"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"word": "sari"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sammenfatning"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "concentrat"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something that concentrates in itself the qualities of something else",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esență"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "abstrákcija",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "абстра́кция"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvlečeno ponjatie",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "отвлечено понятие"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstracció"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstractie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstracte term"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstract begrip"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"word": "käsite"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"word": "abstraktio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstracción"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afaíresi",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αφαίρεση"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrt",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "अमूर्त"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "astrazione"
},
{
"alt": "ちゅうしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshō",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"word": "抽象"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstrakcija"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrakts jēdziens"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "amūrta",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"word": "अमूर्त"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstraksjon"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"word": "انتزاع"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstrakcja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstração"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstracție"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abstrákcija",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "абстра́кция"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "апстра̀кција"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "apstràkcija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an abstraction",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstracción"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "abstrákcija",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "абстра́кция"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstract kunstwerk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"word": "abstrakti teos"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obra abstracta"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afiriméni téchni",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αφηρημένη τέχνη"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrt",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "अमूर्त"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"word": "abstrak"
},
{
"alt": "ちゅうしょうはの",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshōhano",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"word": "抽象派の"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"word": "toi tūrehurehu"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "amūrta",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"word": "अमूर्त"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstraksjon"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstrakcja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstração"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abstracție"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arte abstracto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an abstract work of art",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "that which is abstract",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstract iets"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "that which is abstract",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abstract begrip"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "that which is abstract",
"word": "abstraktaĵo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "that which is abstract",
"word": "käsite"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrt",
"sense": "that which is abstract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "अमूर्त"
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{
"code": "it",
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"masculine"
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{
"alt": "ちゅうしょうてき",
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"word": "抽象的"
},
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"code": "fi",
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"code": "pt",
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"masculine"
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"code": "ro",
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"word": "abstract algebra"
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{
"word": "abstract analytic number theory"
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"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, line 1099:",
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-abstract (noun).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28noun%29.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌæbˈstɹækt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əbˈstɹækt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈæbˌstɹækt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "extracted",
"word": "onttrokken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extracted",
"word": "uutettu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extracted",
"word": "extraído"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extracted",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "afgezonderd"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "gescheiden"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "erillinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "teorico"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "separat"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstrato"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abstráktnyj",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "абстра́ктный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "separate",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "afwezig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "verstrooid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "poissaoleva"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afiriménos",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αφηρημένος"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "distrahert"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "انتزاعی"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "distraído"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "desatento"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "abstrato"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "absent in mind",
"word": "distraído"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maʕnawiyy",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "مَعْنَوِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tajrīdiyy",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "تَجْرِيدِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mujarrad",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "مُجَرَّد"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "veracʻakan",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "վերացական"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "abstrakt",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "աբստրակտ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "astrautu"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "mücərrəd"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstraktu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abstráktny",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстра́ктны"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "abstrakten",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстрактен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvlečen",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "отвлечен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstracte"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "cau¹ zoeng⁶",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "抽象"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "抽象"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chōuxiàng",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "抽象"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "theoretisch"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakta"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstraktne"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "teoreettinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "theoritikós",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θεωρητικός"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "amūrt",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "અમૂર્ત"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhāvvācak",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "भाववाचक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "absztrakt"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "astratto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "teorico"
},
{
"alt": "ちゅうしょうてき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshōteki",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "抽象的"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "dereksız",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "дерексіз"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "abstraktyly",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстрактылы"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "abstraktılı",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстрактілі"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chusangjeok",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "추상적"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakts"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrak"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "niskala"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "amūṟtta",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "അമൂർത്ത"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "tūrehurehu"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrákta"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakcyjny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrato"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abstráktnyj",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстра́ктный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvlečónnyj",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "отвлечённый"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "viṣayavivikta",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "विषयविविक्त"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakten"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "teoretisk"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "basal"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "naam",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "นาม"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "soyut"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "abstre"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "abstráktnyj",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "абстра́ктний"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "trừu tượng"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "abstrakt",
"sense": "apart from practice or reality; not concrete",
"word": "אַבסטראַקט"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nerazbiraem",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "неразбираем"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstracte"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "vaag"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "algemeen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "vaikeaselkoinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstrakti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dysnóitos",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δυσνόητος"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "astruso"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "grūti saprotams"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "uforståelig"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstrakcyjny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "complicado"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "difícil"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "complicado"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "djupsinnig"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "difficult to understand",
"word": "svårfattlig"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstracte"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstract"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afiriménos",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αφηρημένος"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"alt": "ちゅうしょうてき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshōteki",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "抽象的"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "amūṟtta",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "അമൂർത്ത"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "tūrehurehu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakcyjny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrato"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstrakten"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "art: free from representational qualities",
"word": "abstracto"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "algemeen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "yleinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abstrait"
},
{
"alt": "ちゅうしょうてき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chūshōteki",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "抽象的"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "generell"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "general as opposed to particular",
"word": "abstrato"
}
],
"word": "abstract"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Danish entries",
"Requests for gender in Hindi entries",
"Requests for gender in Marathi entries",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Yiddish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ækt",
"Rhymes:English/ækt/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abstractable"
},
{
"word": "abstract away from"
},
{
"word": "abstracted"
},
{
"word": "abstracter"
},
{
"word": "abstractor"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abstract"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abstract",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstractus"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstractus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abstracts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstracting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abstracted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "abstracted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "abstract",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abstract (third-person singular simple present abstracts, present participle abstracting, simple past and past participle abstracted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "abstraction"
},
{
"word": "abstractive"
},
{
"word": "abstractum"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1834, Harriet Martineau, Illustration of Political Economy, volume IX:",
"text": "The lightning of the public burdens, which at present abstract a large proportion of profits and wages.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To remove; to take away; withdraw."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"take away",
"take away"
],
[
"withdraw",
"withdraw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To remove; to take away; withdraw."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English euphemisms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, William Black, The Strange Adventures of a Phaeton:",
"text": "Von Rosen had quietly abstracted the bearing-reins from the harness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1869, Bholanauth Chunder, The Travels of a Hindoo to Various Parts of Bengal and Upper India:",
"text": "The inlaid characters in diamond, and other precious stones, have been all abstracted away by the pelf-loving Jaut and Mahratta—leaving the walls defaced with the hollow marks of the chisel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, A P Simester, J R Spencer, G R Sullivan, Simester and Sullivan's Criminal Law: Theory and Doctrine:",
"text": "Section 13 of the 1968 Act enacts a separate offence of dishonestly abstracting electricity. The separate offence is needed because electricity, like other forms of energy such as heat, is not property.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To steal; to take away; to remove without permission."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"steal",
"steal"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive, euphemistic) To steal; to take away; to remove without permission."
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, John Marston, Antonio's Revenge, act II, scene I:",
"text": "Poison from roses who could e'er abstract?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To extract by means of distillation."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"extract",
"extract"
],
[
"distillation",
"distillation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive, obsolete) To extract by means of distillation."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "June 1869, William Blackwood, Late for the Train (published in Blackwood's Magazine)",
"text": "The young stranger had been abstracted and silent."
},
{
"text": "He was wholly abstracted by other objects."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To draw off (interest or attention)."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To draw off (interest or attention)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English reflexive verbs",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To withdraw oneself; to retire."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"withdraw",
"withdraw"
],
[
"retire",
"retire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(intransitive, reflexive, literally, figuratively) To withdraw oneself; to retire."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"intransitive",
"literally",
"reflexive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
],
[
"conceptualize",
"conceptualize"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
],
[
"subgroup",
"subgroup"
],
[
"generalization",
"generalize"
],
[
"attribute",
"attribute"
],
[
"apprehending",
"apprehend"
],
[
"inherent",
"inherent"
],
[
"separating",
"separate"
],
[
"conceiving",
"conceive"
],
[
"despecifying",
"despecification"
],
[
"ideating",
"ideate"
],
[
"perceived",
"perceive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To conceptualize an ideal subgroup by means of the generalization of an attribute, as follows: by apprehending an attribute inherent to one individual, then separating that attribute and contemplating it by itself, then conceiving of that attribute as a general quality, then despecifying that conceived quality with respect to several or many individuals, and by then ideating a group composed of those individuals perceived to possess said quality."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1710, George Berkeley, A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge:",
"text": "I own myself able to abstract in one sense.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To perform the process of abstraction."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
],
[
"abstraction",
"abstraction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"(intransitive, rare) To perform the process of abstraction."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To create abstractions."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
]
],
"qualifier": "fine arts",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"(intransitive, fine arts) To create abstractions."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He abstracted out the square root function."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"To produce an abstraction, usually by refactoring existing code. Generally used with \"out\"."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
],
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"abstraction",
"abstraction"
],
[
"refactoring",
"refactoring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality.",
"(intransitive, computing) To produce an abstraction, usually by refactoring existing code. Generally used with \"out\"."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1781, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume II:",
"text": "To abstract the notions of time, of space, and of matter.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage.",
"To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
],
[
"consider",
"consider"
],
[
"contemplate",
"contemplate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage.",
"(transitive) To consider abstractly; to contemplate separately or by itself; to consider theoretically; to look at as a general quality."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1822, [Walter Scott], Peveril of the Peak. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC:",
"text": "He was incapable of forming any opinion or resolution abstracted from his own prejudices.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate; to disengage."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To separate; to disengage."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To summarize; to abridge; to epitomize."
],
"links": [
[
"summarize",
"summarize"
],
[
"abridge",
"abridge"
],
[
"epitomize",
"epitomize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To summarize; to abridge; to epitomize."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌæbˈstɹækt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/əbˈstɹækt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-abstract (verb).wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28verb%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28verb%29.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28verb%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-abstract_%28verb%29.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ækt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw",
"word": "remove"
},
{
"sense": "to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw",
"word": "separate"
},
{
"sense": "to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw",
"word": "take away"
},
{
"sense": "to remove, separate, take away, or withdraw",
"word": "withdraw"
},
{
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "abridge"
},
{
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "epitomize"
},
{
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "summarize"
},
{
"sense": "to filch, purloin, or steal",
"word": "filch"
},
{
"sense": "to filch, purloin, or steal",
"word": "purloin"
},
{
"sense": "to filch, purloin, or steal",
"word": "steal"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otdeljam",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "отделям"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otnemam",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "отнемам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "afzonderen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "eristää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "erottaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "abstraire"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "trennen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apospó",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "αποσπώ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diachorízo",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "διαχωρίζω"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "alag karnā",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "अलग करना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nikāl denā",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "निकाल देना"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "mengabstrakkan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "rimuovere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "sottrarre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "estrarre"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "toru",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "取る"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "atšķirt"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "nošķirt"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "vegḷe karṇe",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "वेगळे करणे"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kāḍhūn ṭākṇe",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "काढून टाकणे"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "separere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odciągać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odciągnąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "abstrair"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "retirar"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "llulmiy"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "abstraer"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "retirar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "extraer"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "abstrahera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "skilja av"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "skilja ut"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to separate; to disengage",
"word": "ta bort"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvaždam",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "изваждам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "terugtrekken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "vetää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "entziehen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afairó",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "αφαιρώ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aposýro",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "αποσύρω"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "piche ānā",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "पिछे आना"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "māge yeṇe",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "मागे येणे"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "fjerne"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "utta"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odciągać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odciągnąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "retirar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "quitar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "retirar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to remove; to take away; to withdraw",
"word": "extraer"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otmǎkvam",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "отмъквам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "ontvreemden"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "poistaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "puhaltaa"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "klévo",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "κλέβω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypexairó",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "υπεξαιρώ"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "sottrarre"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "nozagt"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "nočiept"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "stjele"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "tjuve"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "rane"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "tæsje"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "røve"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "naske"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "roubar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "knycka"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "stjäla"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "nalla"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to steal",
"word": "sno"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "abstraheren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "abstrahoida"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrt kalākŕtī karnā",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "अमूर्त कलाकृती करना"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "amūrta kalākŕtī karṇe",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "अमूर्त कलाकृती करणे"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "abstrahere"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to create an artistic abstraction of",
"word": "abstrair"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "samenvatten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "tiivistää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "abstraire"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "synopsízo",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "συνοψίζω"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sārāñś karnā",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "सारांश करना"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "mengabstrakkan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "riassumere"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "sārāuśa karṇe",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "सारांश करणे"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "oppsummere"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "resumir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "sumariar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "resumir"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "göra sammandrag av"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to abridge, epitomize, or summarize",
"word": "sammanfatta"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "abstrahel",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "աբստրահել"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstraheren"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstrakti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "tuumia"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstrahieren"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrtarūpse lenā",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "अमूर्तरूपसे लेना"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "mengabstrakkan"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "amūrtapṇe gheṇe",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "अमूर्तपणे घेणे"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "fundere"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "spekulere"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "filosofere"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "انتزاعیدن"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstrair"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "abstraer"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "abstrahirn",
"sense": "to consider abstractly",
"word": "אַבסטראַהירן"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otvličam",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "отвличам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "afleiden"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "viedä huomio"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "afairoúmai",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "αφαιρούμαι"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to draw off",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odciągać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to draw off",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odciągnąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to draw off",
"word": "abstrair"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "onttrekken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "uuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "distiller"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apostázo",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "αποστάζω"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "destillere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odciągać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odciągnąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "destilar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to extract by means of distillation",
"word": "destilar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "zich terugtrekken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "vetäytyä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "se retirer"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "fjerne seg"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to withdraw oneself",
"word": "abstraerse"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstraheren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstrahoida"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "amūrtikran karnā",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "अमूर्तिकरन करना"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "mengabstrakkan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "astrarre"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "amūrtikraṇ karṇe",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "अमूर्तिकरण करणे"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstrahere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "abstrahować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyabstrahować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstrair"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "abstragírovatʹ",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "абстраги́ровать"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to perform the process of abstraction",
"word": "abstrahera"
}
],
"word": "abstract"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abstract meaning in English (86.3kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Something that concentrates in'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"abstract"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abstract",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Not concrete: conceptual, idea'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"abstract"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "abstract",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": thiu-siōng vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"abstract"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "abstract",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''To consider abstractly; to con'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"abstract"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "abstract",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''To separate; to disengage.'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"abstract"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "abstract",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2028",
"msg": "more than one value in \"alt\": (vnimanie) vs. внимание",
"path": [
"abstract"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "abstract",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.