See abstrahować in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "abstrahieren"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German abstrahieren",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstrahō"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstrahō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ować"
},
"expansion": "-ować",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1823"
},
"expansion": "1823",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1823"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1823",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Krzysztof Celestyn Mrongowiusz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1823) <cite>Deutsch-polnisches Handwörterbuch nach Adelung und Linde = Słownik niemiecko-polski</cite>, page 29</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German abstrahieren, from Latin abstrahō + -ować. First attested in 1823.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "abstrahować impf",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧stra‧ho‧wać"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "60 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "apart from",
"text": "abstrahując od",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to disregard, to prescind, to put aside"
],
"id": "en-abstrahować-pl-verb-pl:disregard",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":od(gen)<what>"
},
"expansion": "[with od (+ genitive) ‘what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"od",
"(+",
"genitive)",
"‘what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"disregard",
"disregard"
],
[
"prescind",
"prescind"
],
[
"put aside",
"put aside"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, formal) to disregard, to prescind, to put aside [with od (+ genitive) ‘what’]"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:disregard"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pomijać"
}
],
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ap.straˈxɔ.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvat͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "abstrahować"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "abstrahieren"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German abstrahieren",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstrahō"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstrahō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ować"
},
"expansion": "-ować",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1823"
},
"expansion": "1823",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1823"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1823",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Krzysztof Celestyn Mrongowiusz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1823) <cite>Deutsch-polnisches Handwörterbuch nach Adelung und Linde = Słownik niemiecko-polski</cite>, page 29</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German abstrahieren, from Latin abstrahō + -ować. First attested in 1823.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wyabstrahować",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-uję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahuję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahuje się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahować się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech abstrahuję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahuj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech abstrahuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech abstrahują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahująca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahując",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "wyabstrahować"
},
"expansion": "abstrahować impf (perfective wyabstrahować)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧stra‧ho‧wać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abstrah",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-uję"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "abstrahować",
"2": "abstrahuję",
"3": "abstrahuje",
"4": "abstrahują",
"5": "abstrahowa",
"6": "abstrahowa",
"7": "abstrahowa",
"8": "abstrahuj",
"ip": "abstrahowano",
"pp": "abstrahowan",
"pp2": "abstrahowani",
"vn": "abstrahowanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ować",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sometimes you can get the impression that the whole plot, so greatly abstracted from its background, is happening in the heroine's imagination, that it's some sort of movie being played in her head.",
"ref": "2015 March 13, Mariusz Cieślik, “Ostachowicz o miłości i nienawiści”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2023-04-06:",
"text": "Czasem można odnieść wrażenie, że cała akcja, tak bardzo wyabstrahowana z realiów, dzieje się w wyobraźni bohaterki, jest jakimś filmem granym w jej głowie.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "We do not perceive that the Volhynian issue is so hard to resolve because there is no way to consider it separately from the identity problems of the Ukrainian nation as much as from earlier history.",
"ref": "2017 June 7, Łukasz Adamski, “Kijów dalej od Europy”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-01-21:",
"text": "Nie dostrzega się u nas, że kwestia wołyńska jest tak trudno rozwiązywalna, bo nie sposób jej wyabstrahować zarówno od problemów tożsamościowych narodu ukraińskiego, jak i wcześniejszej historii.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "It is also possible to publicize the information on a webpage by means of press releases, preferably after earlier abstractification of the problems by the Supreme Court's Office of Studies and Analyses.",
"ref": "2022 May 10, Marek Domagalski, “W Sądzie Najwyższym ruszyła akcja frankowa. Na razie niejawnie”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-05-10:",
"text": "Możliwe jest również informowanie na stronie internetowej w drodze komunikatów prasowych, najlepiej po uprzednim wyabstrahowaniu problemów przez Biuro Studiów i Analiz S[ądu ]N[ajwyższego].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "These abstractified, open three-dimensional shapes are similar to the ideas of Henry Moore's sculpture…",
"ref": "2023 April 27, Monika Kuc, “Wystawa na Wawelu. Beksiński nieznany”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2023-05-07:",
"text": "Te wyabstrahowane otwarte formy przestrzenne są bliskie koncepcjom rzeźby Henry Moore’a[...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to abstract, abstractify (to separate a trait of an object to create a theory)"
],
"id": "en-abstrahować-pl-verb-ecezFEMI",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":od/:z(gen)<separately from a detail or specific characteristic>"
},
"expansion": "[with od or z (+ genitive) ‘separately from a detail or specific characteristic’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"od",
"z",
"(+",
"genitive)",
"‘separately",
"from",
"a",
"detail",
"specific",
"characteristic’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"abstractify",
"abstractify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, formal) to abstract, abstractify (to separate a trait of an object to create a theory) [with od or z (+ genitive) ‘separately from a detail or specific characteristic’]"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "abstrakcjonistyczny"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcyjny"
},
{
"word": "abstraktowy"
},
{
"word": "antyabstrakcyjny"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcjonistycznie"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcyjnie"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcja"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcjonista"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcjonistka"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcjonizm"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcyjność"
},
{
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"word": "abstraktyzacja"
}
],
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ap.straˈxɔ.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvat͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "abstrahować"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 4-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ować",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with collocations",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ/4 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "abstrahieren"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German abstrahieren",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstrahō"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstrahō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ować"
},
"expansion": "-ować",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1823"
},
"expansion": "1823",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1823"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1823",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Krzysztof Celestyn Mrongowiusz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1823) <cite>Deutsch-polnisches Handwörterbuch nach Adelung und Linde = Słownik niemiecko-polski</cite>, page 29</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German abstrahieren, from Latin abstrahō + -ować. First attested in 1823.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf"
},
"expansion": "abstrahować impf",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧stra‧ho‧wać"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish formal terms",
"Polish intransitive verbs",
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "apart from",
"text": "abstrahując od",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to disregard, to prescind, to put aside"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":od(gen)<what>"
},
"expansion": "[with od (+ genitive) ‘what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"od",
"(+",
"genitive)",
"‘what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"disregard",
"disregard"
],
[
"prescind",
"prescind"
],
[
"put aside",
"put aside"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, formal) to disregard, to prescind, to put aside [with od (+ genitive) ‘what’]"
],
"senseid": [
"pl:disregard"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pomijać"
}
],
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ap.straˈxɔ.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvat͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "abstrahować"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 4-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ować",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with collocations",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ/4 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "abstrahieren"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German abstrahieren",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstrahō"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstrahō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ować"
},
"expansion": "-ować",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1823"
},
"expansion": "1823",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1823"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1823",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Krzysztof Celestyn Mrongowiusz (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1823) <cite>Deutsch-polnisches Handwörterbuch nach Adelung und Linde = Słownik niemiecko-polski</cite>, page 29</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German abstrahieren, from Latin abstrahō + -ować. First attested in 1823.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wyabstrahować",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ai-uję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahuję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujemy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujesz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujecie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahuje się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowaliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowaliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowano",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będę abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziemy abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziesz abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będziecie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "będą abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będą abstrahować",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "będzie abstrahować się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowalibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowalibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahował",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahowała",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahowało",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowaliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahowali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowałyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by abstrahowały",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowano by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech abstrahuję",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahuj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech abstrahuje",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech abstrahują",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahująca",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujący",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"participle",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahujące",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowany",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowana",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahując",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"contemporary",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrahowanie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "wyabstrahować"
},
"expansion": "abstrahować impf (perfective wyabstrahować)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧stra‧ho‧wać"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abstrah",
"2": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai-uję"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "abstrahować",
"2": "abstrahuję",
"3": "abstrahuje",
"4": "abstrahują",
"5": "abstrahowa",
"6": "abstrahowa",
"7": "abstrahowa",
"8": "abstrahuj",
"ip": "abstrahowano",
"pp": "abstrahowan",
"pp2": "abstrahowani",
"vn": "abstrahowanie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ai"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "abstrakcjonistyczny"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcyjny"
},
{
"word": "abstraktowy"
},
{
"word": "antyabstrakcyjny"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcjonistycznie"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcyjnie"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcja"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcjonista"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcjonistka"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcjonizm"
},
{
"word": "abstrakcyjność"
},
{
"word": "abstrakt"
},
{
"word": "abstraktyzacja"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish formal terms",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sometimes you can get the impression that the whole plot, so greatly abstracted from its background, is happening in the heroine's imagination, that it's some sort of movie being played in her head.",
"ref": "2015 March 13, Mariusz Cieślik, “Ostachowicz o miłości i nienawiści”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2023-04-06:",
"text": "Czasem można odnieść wrażenie, że cała akcja, tak bardzo wyabstrahowana z realiów, dzieje się w wyobraźni bohaterki, jest jakimś filmem granym w jej głowie.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "We do not perceive that the Volhynian issue is so hard to resolve because there is no way to consider it separately from the identity problems of the Ukrainian nation as much as from earlier history.",
"ref": "2017 June 7, Łukasz Adamski, “Kijów dalej od Europy”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-01-21:",
"text": "Nie dostrzega się u nas, że kwestia wołyńska jest tak trudno rozwiązywalna, bo nie sposób jej wyabstrahować zarówno od problemów tożsamościowych narodu ukraińskiego, jak i wcześniejszej historii.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "It is also possible to publicize the information on a webpage by means of press releases, preferably after earlier abstractification of the problems by the Supreme Court's Office of Studies and Analyses.",
"ref": "2022 May 10, Marek Domagalski, “W Sądzie Najwyższym ruszyła akcja frankowa. Na razie niejawnie”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2022-05-10:",
"text": "Możliwe jest również informowanie na stronie internetowej w drodze komunikatów prasowych, najlepiej po uprzednim wyabstrahowaniu problemów przez Biuro Studiów i Analiz S[ądu ]N[ajwyższego].",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "These abstractified, open three-dimensional shapes are similar to the ideas of Henry Moore's sculpture…",
"ref": "2023 April 27, Monika Kuc, “Wystawa na Wawelu. Beksiński nieznany”, in Rzeczpospolita, archived from the original on 2023-05-07:",
"text": "Te wyabstrahowane otwarte formy przestrzenne są bliskie koncepcjom rzeźby Henry Moore’a[...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to abstract, abstractify (to separate a trait of an object to create a theory)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":od/:z(gen)<separately from a detail or specific characteristic>"
},
"expansion": "[with od or z (+ genitive) ‘separately from a detail or specific characteristic’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"od",
"z",
"(+",
"genitive)",
"‘separately",
"from",
"a",
"detail",
"specific",
"characteristic’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"abstractify",
"abstractify"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, formal) to abstract, abstractify (to separate a trait of an object to create a theory) [with od or z (+ genitive) ‘separately from a detail or specific characteristic’]"
],
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ap.straˈxɔ.vat͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvat͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "abstrahować"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abstrahować meaning in Polish (19.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.