See reify in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for reify meaning in English (6.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "reification"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from reification",
"name": "back-form"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rēs",
"4": "",
"5": "thing"
},
"expansion": "Latin rēs (“thing”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "ify"
},
"expansion": "+ -ify",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from reification, calque from German. Formed as Latin rēs (“thing”) + -ify (English suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reifies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reifying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reified",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "reified",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "reify (third-person singular simple present reifies, present participle reifying, simple past and past participle reified)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ify",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "make real",
"word": "realize"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing."
],
"id": "en-reify-en-verb-bISxD2MW",
"links": [
[
"regard",
"regard"
],
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dereify"
},
{
"word": "dereification"
},
{
"word": "reification"
},
{
"word": "conceptualize"
},
{
"word": "hypostatize"
},
{
"word": "personify"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "concretize"
},
{
"word": "objectify"
},
{
"word": "picture"
},
{
"word": "thingify"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jassada",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "جَسَّدَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jassama",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "جَسَّمَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "materializiram",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "материализирам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "reïficar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "concretiseren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "verstoffelijken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "havainnollistaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "tehdä käsinkosketeltavaksi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "esineellistää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "réifier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "verdinglichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "vergegenständlichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "reifizieren"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "himkhísh",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "המחיש"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "opredmetuva",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "опредметува"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "tingliggjøre"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "coisificar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "reificar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "materializovatʹ",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "материализовать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "cosificar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "cisimleştirmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "maddeleştirmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "somutlaştırmak"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiː.ə.faɪ/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪ.ə.faɪ/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reify.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/En-us-reify.ogg/En-us-reify.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/En-us-reify.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reify-2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-us-reify-2.ogg/En-us-reify-2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-us-reify-2.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "reify"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "make real",
"word": "realize"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "reification"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from reification",
"name": "back-form"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rēs",
"4": "",
"5": "thing"
},
"expansion": "Latin rēs (“thing”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "ify"
},
"expansion": "+ -ify",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from reification, calque from German. Formed as Latin rēs (“thing”) + -ify (English suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reifies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reifying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reified",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "reified",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "reify (third-person singular simple present reifies, present participle reifying, simple past and past participle reified)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "dereify"
},
{
"word": "dereification"
},
{
"word": "reification"
},
{
"word": "conceptualize"
},
{
"word": "hypostatize"
},
{
"word": "personify"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English back-formations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms suffixed with -ify",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English transitive verbs",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing."
],
"links": [
[
"regard",
"regard"
],
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹiː.ə.faɪ/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪ.ə.faɪ/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reify.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/En-us-reify.ogg/En-us-reify.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/En-us-reify.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reify-2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-us-reify-2.ogg/En-us-reify-2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-us-reify-2.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "concretize"
},
{
"word": "objectify"
},
{
"word": "picture"
},
{
"word": "thingify"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jassada",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "جَسَّدَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jassama",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "جَسَّمَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "materializiram",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "материализирам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "reïficar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "concretiseren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "verstoffelijken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "havainnollistaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "tehdä käsinkosketeltavaksi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "esineellistää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "réifier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "verdinglichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "vergegenständlichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "reifizieren"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "himkhísh",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "המחיש"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "opredmetuva",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "опредметува"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "tingliggjøre"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "coisificar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "reificar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "materializovatʹ",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "материализовать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "cosificar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "cisimleştirmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "maddeleştirmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to regard something abstract as if it were a concrete material thing",
"word": "somutlaştırmak"
}
],
"word": "reify"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.