See abstrakt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"english": "Could you read out aloud the abstract to the chapter?",
"text": "Kan du lese abstraktet til kapitlet høyt?",
"type": "example"
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{
"english": "abstracts from technical journals",
"ref": "1971, Teknisk Ukeblad, page 3:",
"text": "abstrakter fra tekniske tidsskrifter",
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{
"english": "he is one of many Norwegian doctors and researchers who this year presented findings in the form of abstracts at the ASCO Cancer Congress in Chicago",
"ref": "2014 June 19, Dagens Medisin, page 34:",
"text": "han er en av mange norske leger og forskere som i år presenterte funn i form av abstrakter på kreftkongressen ASCO i Chicago",
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"english": "Love is an abstract.",
"text": "Kjærlighet er et abstrakt.",
"type": "example"
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{
"english": "To think in abstracts.",
"text": "Å tenke i abstrakter.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "talk away from the near, concrete and ascend into the thin air of the abstracts",
"ref": "1976, Ebba Haslund, Hver i sin verden, page 85:",
"text": "snakke seg bort fra det nære, konkrete og stige til værs i abstraktenes tynne luft",
"type": "quote"
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"english": "the abstracts… are assigned roles on the Stage of History",
"ref": "1989, Karin Gundersen, Roland Barthes, page 15:",
"text": "abstraktene … tildeles roller på Historiens scene",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "such an abstract [\"the modern self\"] can hardly be expected to relate to anything, and in particular not to this particular",
"ref": "2000, Karin Sveen, Klassereise, page 16:",
"text": "et slikt abstrakt [«det moderne jeg»] kan neppe forventes å forholde seg til noe som helst, og i særdeleshet ikke til dette konkrete",
"type": "quote"
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{
"english": "as essayist examines [Ole Robert] Healthy details of life, whether they are concrete objects or abstracts such as music",
"ref": "2012 November 19, Dagbladet, page 45:",
"text": "som essayist gransker [Ole Robert] Sunde detaljene i tilværelsen, enten det dreier seg om konkrete gjenstander eller abstrakter som for eksempel musikk",
"type": "quote"
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"text": "Konkreter og abstrakter.",
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"english": "Beauty, greatness, peace and running are abstract nouns.",
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"english": "the connection between key and pipe… consists [among other things of] abstracts [which are] wooden strips that transmit movement in the longitudinal direction",
"ref": "1978 February 9, A-magasinet, page 10:",
"text": "forbindelsen mellom tast og pipe … består [blant annet av] abstrakter [som er] trelister som overfører bevegelse i lengderetningen",
"type": "quote"
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"glosses": [
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"english": "The word \"stupidity\" has an abstract meaning.",
"text": "Ordet \"dumhet\" har en abstrakt betydning.",
"type": "example"
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{
"english": "social economist Simiand fought against the notion that the social economy is an abstract science of conditions independent of human will",
"ref": "1949 December 31, Verdens Gang, page 9:",
"text": "sosialøkonomen Simiand kjempet mot den oppfatning at sosialøkonomien er en abstrakt vitenskap om forhold uavhengige av menneskelig vilje",
"type": "quote"
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{
"english": "the emotional dominates our memory, we remember what moves us emotionally and not the abstract knowledge",
"ref": "2015 January 19, dagbladet.no:",
"text": "det følelsesmessige dominerer vår hukommelse, vi husker det som rører oss følelsesmessig og ikke den abstrakte kunnskapen",
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"english": "Mathematics is too abstract for my liking.",
"text": "Matematikk er for abstrakt etter min smak.",
"type": "example"
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{
"english": "[liberation theology] was concerned with speaking out on behalf of the poor, but the struggle may have become too abstract for many ordinary people",
"ref": "2014 July 22, Vårt Land, page 8:",
"text": "[frigjøringsteologien] var opptatt av å tale de fattiges sak, men kampen kan ha blitt for abstrakt for mange vanlige folk",
"type": "quote"
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"glosses": [
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"english": "the insurance company - the bank - such abstract personalities without blood in them",
"ref": "1921, Jonas Lie, Samlede Digterverker VIII, page 430:",
"text": "assuranceselskabet – banken – saadanne abstrakte personligheder uden blod i sig",
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"english": "The noun lighting can have both abstract and concrete meaning.",
"text": "Substantivet «belysning» kan ha både abstrakt og konkret betydning.",
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{
"english": "Johan Vogt briefly and concisely follows up the struggle against the abstract nouns, words such as freedom, peace, democracy, socialism, liberalism, justice, etc.",
"ref": "1984 January 11, VG, page 21:",
"text": "kort og konsist følger Johan Vogt opp kampen mot de abstrakte substantiver, ord som frihet, fred, demokrati, sosialisme, liberalisme, rettferd osv.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "an extraordinarily rich, exceedingly flourishing language, full of abstract nouns and poetic verbs",
"ref": "1995 April 30, Aftenposten, page 11:",
"text": "et overordentlig rikt, overmåte blomstrende sprog, full av abstrakte substantiver og poetiske verb",
"type": "quote"
}
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"english": "abstract art",
"text": "abstrakt kunst",
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"english": "music is a strange art - completely abstract, and at the same time very concrete",
"ref": "2006, Lars Roar Langslet, Når fuglen letter, page 178:",
"text": "musikken er en underlig kunstart – helt abstrakt, og samtidig helt konkret",
"type": "quote"
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{
"english": "art, all art forms, moved towards the abstract; painting and sculpture were bored of the human body",
"ref": "1964, Lorentz Eckhoff, En verden, page 98:",
"text": "kunsten, alle kunstarter, beveget seg henimot det abstrakte; maleri og skulptur var kjed av menneskekroppen",
"type": "quote"
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{
"english": "it would be better with a retrospective exhibition, to put the abstract art in perspective",
"ref": "2014 May 7, Helgeland Arbeiderblad, page 28:",
"text": "det ville være bedre med en retrospektiv utstilling, for å sette den abstrakte kunsten i perspektiv",
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{
"english": "his new exhibition «Ship of Fools» shows newly produced figurative and abstract paintings of various vessels, mainly ships and aircraft",
"ref": "2015 January 15, Adresseavisen, page 9:",
"text": "i hans nye utstilling «Ship of Fools» vises nyproduserte figurative og abstrakte malerier av ulike fartøyer, hovedsakelig skip og fly",
"type": "quote"
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"english": "Could you read out aloud the abstract to the chapter?",
"text": "Kan du lese abstraktet til kapitlet høyt?",
"type": "example"
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{
"english": "abstracts from technical journals",
"ref": "1971, Teknisk Ukeblad, page 3:",
"text": "abstrakter fra tekniske tidsskrifter",
"type": "quote"
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{
"english": "he is one of many Norwegian doctors and researchers who this year presented findings in the form of abstracts at the ASCO Cancer Congress in Chicago",
"ref": "2014 June 19, Dagens Medisin, page 34:",
"text": "han er en av mange norske leger og forskere som i år presenterte funn i form av abstrakter på kreftkongressen ASCO i Chicago",
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{
"word": "sammendrag"
},
{
"word": "konsentrat"
},
{
"word": "referat"
},
{
"word": "oppsummering"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/abˈstrakt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/apˈstrakt/"
},
{
"audio": "nb-abstrakt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Nb-abstrakt.ogg/Nb-abstrakt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Nb-abstrakt.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-akt"
}
],
"word": "abstrakt"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "abstrákta"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: abstrákta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: abstrákta"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰregʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstractum"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstractum",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin abstractum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abstraktet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrakt",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrakter",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrakta",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "abstraktene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧strakt"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "konkret"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Love is an abstract.",
"text": "Kjærlighet er et abstrakt.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "To think in abstracts.",
"text": "Å tenke i abstrakter.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "talk away from the near, concrete and ascend into the thin air of the abstracts",
"ref": "1976, Ebba Haslund, Hver i sin verden, page 85:",
"text": "snakke seg bort fra det nære, konkrete og stige til værs i abstraktenes tynne luft",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "the abstracts… are assigned roles on the Stage of History",
"ref": "1989, Karin Gundersen, Roland Barthes, page 15:",
"text": "abstraktene … tildeles roller på Historiens scene",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "such an abstract [\"the modern self\"] can hardly be expected to relate to anything, and in particular not to this particular",
"ref": "2000, Karin Sveen, Klassereise, page 16:",
"text": "et slikt abstrakt [«det moderne jeg»] kan neppe forventes å forholde seg til noe som helst, og i særdeleshet ikke til dette konkrete",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "as essayist examines [Ole Robert] Healthy details of life, whether they are concrete objects or abstracts such as music",
"ref": "2012 November 19, Dagbladet, page 45:",
"text": "som essayist gransker [Ole Robert] Sunde detaljene i tilværelsen, enten det dreier seg om konkrete gjenstander eller abstrakter som for eksempel musikk",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abstract (phenomenon or concept that is thought or intangible)"
],
"links": [
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "konkret"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples",
"nb:Grammar",
"nb:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Concrete nouns and abstract nouns.",
"text": "Konkreter og abstrakter.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Beauty, greatness, peace and running are abstract nouns.",
"text": "Skjønnhet, storhet, fred og løping er abstrakter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an abstract noun"
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"abstract noun",
"abstract noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, grammar) an abstract noun"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"nb:Music"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the connection between key and pipe… consists [among other things of] abstracts [which are] wooden strips that transmit movement in the longitudinal direction",
"ref": "1978 February 9, A-magasinet, page 10:",
"text": "forbindelsen mellom tast og pipe … består [blant annet av] abstrakter [som er] trelister som overfører bevegelse i lengderetningen",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a lever at organ bellows"
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"lever",
"lever"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"bellow",
"bellow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) a lever at organ bellows"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/abˈstrakt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/apˈstrakt/"
},
{
"audio": "nb-abstrakt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Nb-abstrakt.ogg/Nb-abstrakt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Nb-abstrakt.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-akt"
}
],
"word": "abstrakt"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰregʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "abstractus",
"4": "",
"5": "drawn away, abstract"
},
"expansion": "Latin abstractus (“drawn away, abstract”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin abstractus (“drawn away, abstract”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abstrakt",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "abstrakte",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mer abstrakt",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "mest abstrakt",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧strakt"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "abstraction",
"word": "abstraksjon"
},
{
"tags": [
"abstract"
],
"word": "abstrahere"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "konkret"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The word \"stupidity\" has an abstract meaning.",
"text": "Ordet \"dumhet\" har en abstrakt betydning.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "social economist Simiand fought against the notion that the social economy is an abstract science of conditions independent of human will",
"ref": "1949 December 31, Verdens Gang, page 9:",
"text": "sosialøkonomen Simiand kjempet mot den oppfatning at sosialøkonomien er en abstrakt vitenskap om forhold uavhengige av menneskelig vilje",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "the emotional dominates our memory, we remember what moves us emotionally and not the abstract knowledge",
"ref": "2015 January 19, dagbladet.no:",
"text": "det følelsesmessige dominerer vår hukommelse, vi husker det som rører oss følelsesmessig og ikke den abstrakte kunnskapen",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abstract (which has been created by abstraction; which is without direct connection with reality)"
],
"links": [
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"abstraction",
"abstraction"
],
[
"connection",
"connection"
],
[
"reality",
"reality"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Mathematics is too abstract for my liking.",
"text": "Matematikk er for abstrakt etter min smak.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "[liberation theology] was concerned with speaking out on behalf of the poor, but the struggle may have become too abstract for many ordinary people",
"ref": "2014 July 22, Vårt Land, page 8:",
"text": "[frigjøringsteologien] var opptatt av å tale de fattiges sak, men kampen kan ha blitt for abstrakt for mange vanlige folk",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abstract (which to a large extent requires the ability to abstract; something which is hard to imagine)"
],
"links": [
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the insurance company - the bank - such abstract personalities without blood in them",
"ref": "1921, Jonas Lie, Samlede Digterverker VIII, page 430:",
"text": "assuranceselskabet – banken – saadanne abstrakte personligheder uden blod i sig",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abstract, imaginary (not concrete: conceptual, ideal.)"
],
"links": [
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"imaginary",
"imaginary"
],
[
"concrete",
"concrete"
],
[
"conceptual",
"conceptual"
],
[
"ideal",
"ideal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) abstract, imaginary (not concrete: conceptual, ideal.)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "konkret"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples",
"nb:Grammar",
"nb:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The noun lighting can have both abstract and concrete meaning.",
"text": "Substantivet «belysning» kan ha både abstrakt og konkret betydning.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Johan Vogt briefly and concisely follows up the struggle against the abstract nouns, words such as freedom, peace, democracy, socialism, liberalism, justice, etc.",
"ref": "1984 January 11, VG, page 21:",
"text": "kort og konsist følger Johan Vogt opp kampen mot de abstrakte substantiver, ord som frihet, fred, demokrati, sosialisme, liberalisme, rettferd osv.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "an extraordinarily rich, exceedingly flourishing language, full of abstract nouns and poetic verbs",
"ref": "1995 April 30, Aftenposten, page 11:",
"text": "et overordentlig rikt, overmåte blomstrende sprog, full av abstrakte substantiver og poetiske verb",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abstract as a noun, denoting an intangible as opposed to an object, place, or person"
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
],
[
"noun",
"noun"
],
[
"intangible",
"intangible"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, grammar) abstract as a noun, denoting an intangible as opposed to an object, place, or person"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with usage examples",
"nb:Art",
"nb:Dance",
"nb:Music"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "abstract art",
"text": "abstrakt kunst",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "music is a strange art - completely abstract, and at the same time very concrete",
"ref": "2006, Lars Roar Langslet, Når fuglen letter, page 178:",
"text": "musikken er en underlig kunstart – helt abstrakt, og samtidig helt konkret",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "art, all art forms, moved towards the abstract; painting and sculpture were bored of the human body",
"ref": "1964, Lorentz Eckhoff, En verden, page 98:",
"text": "kunsten, alle kunstarter, beveget seg henimot det abstrakte; maleri og skulptur var kjed av menneskekroppen",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "it would be better with a retrospective exhibition, to put the abstract art in perspective",
"ref": "2014 May 7, Helgeland Arbeiderblad, page 28:",
"text": "det ville være bedre med en retrospektiv utstilling, for å sette den abstrakte kunsten i perspektiv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "his new exhibition «Ship of Fools» shows newly produced figurative and abstract paintings of various vessels, mainly ships and aircraft",
"ref": "2015 January 15, Adresseavisen, page 9:",
"text": "i hans nye utstilling «Ship of Fools» vises nyproduserte figurative og abstrakte malerier av ulike fartøyer, hovedsakelig skip og fly",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abstract (pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them)"
],
"links": [
[
"art",
"art#Noun"
],
[
"dance",
"dance#Noun"
],
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"abstract",
"abstract"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(art, dance, music) abstract (pertaining to the formal aspect of art, such as the lines, colors, shapes, and the relationships among them)"
],
"topics": [
"art",
"arts",
"dance",
"dancing",
"entertainment",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"music",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/abˈstrakt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/apˈstrakt/"
},
{
"audio": "nb-abstrakt.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Nb-abstrakt.ogg/Nb-abstrakt.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Nb-abstrakt.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-akt"
}
],
"word": "abstrakt"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abstrakt meaning in Norwegian Bokmål (14.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Norwegian Bokmål dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.