See ka- on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ker-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ker-"
],
"id": "en-ka--en-prefix-axsscyC4",
"links": [
[
"ker-",
"ker-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Compare kaka and ka.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + kawat (“play”) → kakawat (“playmate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + iwal (“fight”) → kaiwal (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun that denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"id": "en-ka--bcl-prefix-AZ1Zewlb",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog ka-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Tagalog ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Badlit spelling ᜃ)",
"name": "ceb-head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ika-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ka- -an"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ka- -anan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ka- -on"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ka- -onon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kina- -an"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 16 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 24 20 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 17 13 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + linaw (“calm”) → kalinaw (“calmness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + bugnaw (“cold”) → kabugnaw (“coldness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes a state of being; -ness"
],
"id": "en-ka--ceb-prefix-d0fgZH8D",
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to adjectives) denotes a state of being; -ness"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to adjectives"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pagka-"
},
{
"word": "ka- -an"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 16 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 24 20 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 17 13 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“how hot!”",
"text": "ka- + init (“hot”) → kainit!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in exclamations; how..."
],
"id": "en-ka--ceb-prefix-3ddzuSH8",
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to an adjective) used in exclamations; how..."
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to an adjective"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "ka- -a"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 16 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 24 20 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 17 13 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + klase (“class”) → kaklase (“classmate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + away (“to fight”) → kaaway (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"id": "en-ka--ceb-prefix-2CpAuz67",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to nouns or verbs) denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns or verbs"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "isigka-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐ]"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Badlit spelling ᜃ)",
"name": "ceb-head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "maka-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 16 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 24 20 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 17 13 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Short for maka-."
],
"id": "en-ka--ceb-prefix-eIxHWeuK",
"links": [
[
"maka-",
"maka-#Cebuano"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐ]"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "か"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of か"
],
"id": "en-ka--ja-romanization-6QZtPSYP",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"か",
"か#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦏ-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦏ-"
],
"id": "en-ka--jv-romanization-LPSpNdCW",
"links": [
[
"ꦏ-",
"ꦏ-#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "base",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "verb base"
},
"expansion": "ka- (verb base)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kangean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + gibe (“bring”) → kagibe (“(accidentally) taken along”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accidental aspect of the passive intransitive verb"
],
"id": "en-ka--kkv-prefix-EIhMO6bm",
"links": [
[
"accidental",
"accidental#English"
],
[
"aspect",
"aspect#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "pam-head"
}
],
"lang": "Kapampangan",
"lang_code": "pam",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kaka-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 22 15 11 22 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kapampangan terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + abe (“to accompany”) → kayabe (“partner”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + lagyu (“name”) → kalagyu (“namesake”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies companionship or partnership when prefixed to a root"
],
"id": "en-ka--pam-prefix-XeWh8EoR",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 26 15 10 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kapampangan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 22 15 11 22 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kapampangan terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + lupa (“face”) → kalupa (“someone/something similar; look-alike”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + pate (“fight”) → kapate (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies similarity or interaction when prefixed to a root noun"
],
"id": "en-ka--pam-prefix-muQYF1on",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 22 15 11 22 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kapampangan terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + gulisak (“shout”) → kagugulisak (“repeatedly shouting”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + isip (“mind, thought”) → kaiisip (“thinking a lot”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies repeated action when prefixed to a root that repeats the first syllable"
],
"id": "en-ka--pam-prefix-TPTYQG~o",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 22 15 11 22 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kapampangan terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + dapat (“should”) → karapat-dapat (“deserving”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + santing (“handsome”) → kasanting-santing (“wonderful”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies causing or producing something in an extreme degree when prefixed to a root that repeats the first two syllables"
],
"id": "en-ka--pam-prefix-7Z0t0V6y",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 22 15 11 22 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kapampangan terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + datang (“come”) → kadaratang (“recently arrived”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + punta (“go”) → kapupunta (“recently went”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies recent action when prefixed to a root that repeats the first syllable and followed by pamu"
],
"id": "en-ka--pam-prefix-6nlopJXA",
"links": [
[
"pamu",
"pamu#Kapampangan"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 22 15 11 22 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kapampangan terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + timyas (“cute”) → katimyas (“so cute”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + yumi (“innocence; pure”) → kayumi (“how pretty”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies emphatic, before an adjective, non-productive and followed by na, da or ta"
],
"id": "en-ka--pam-prefix-R97RcEby",
"links": [
[
"na",
"na#Kapampangan"
],
[
"da",
"da#Kapampangan"
],
[
"ta",
"ta#Kapampangan"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmb",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*kà-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *kà-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *kà-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tu-",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmb",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "tu-"
},
"expansion": "ka- (plural tu-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kimbundu",
"lang_code": "kmb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kimbundu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun class prefix, used with a diminutive meaning"
],
"id": "en-ka--kmb-prefix-xiIuL7tJ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "min",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Minangkabau",
"lang_code": "min",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Minangkabau entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 1 1 3 4 3 4 3 1 3 2 1 2 2 6 7 3 0 1 4 3 3 5 4 3 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers"
],
"id": "en-ka--min-prefix-ycyAF8Wb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third person feminine/neuter agent pronominal prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--moh-prefix-6OqX7E5x",
"links": [
[
"third person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine#English"
],
[
"neuter",
"neuter#English"
],
[
"agent",
"agent#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Word-Initial"
},
{
"word": "w-"
},
{
"word": "i-"
},
{
"word": "ken-"
}
],
"tags": [
"agent",
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"prefix",
"pronominal",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"noun prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--moh-prefix-DFTt~bTU",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form causative verbs"
],
"id": "en-ka--mkj-prefix-Cg44Fn8e",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka-/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers"
],
"id": "en-ka--mkj-prefix-ycyAF8Wb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka-/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Ndebele subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--nd-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Northern_Ndebele"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gi-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian Old High German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gi-"
],
"id": "en-ka--goh-prefix-XPxztJM0",
"links": [
[
"gi-",
"gi-#Old_High_German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Bavaria) Alternative form of gi-"
],
"tags": [
"Bavaria",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "k-",
"3": "ꦏ-",
"4": "ꦏꦼ-"
},
"expansion": "Javanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Javanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"passive verb-forming prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--kaw-prefix-TbFYIaNb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bnt-phu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phuthi",
"lang_code": "bnt-phu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Phuthi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"id": "en-ka--bnt-phu-prefix-pJIuBTn2",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Probably related to South Efate go",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erk",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Efate",
"lang_code": "erk",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Efate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and (forms dependent verbs)"
],
"id": "en-ka--erk-prefix-tegn1wjG",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 24 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--nr-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Southern_Ndebele"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᮊ-",
"tags": [
"Sundanese",
"character"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "Sundanese script ᮊ-"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Sundanese script ᮊ-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sundanese",
"lang_code": "su",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + tijek (“to step on”) → katijek (“(accidentally) stepped on”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + bedil (“gun”) → kabedil (“(accidentally) shot”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming prefix",
"accidental aspect of the passive transitive verb"
],
"id": "en-ka--su-prefix-VnurbTXC",
"links": [
[
"accidental",
"accidental#English"
],
[
"aspect",
"aspect#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"transitive",
"transitive#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + déngé (“to hear”) → kadéngé (“to be heard”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + baca (“to read”) → kabaca (“to be read”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming prefix",
"perfective aspect of the passive transitive verb"
],
"id": "en-ka--su-prefix-AUuRRaKX",
"links": [
[
"perfective",
"perfective#English"
],
[
"aspect",
"aspect#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"transitive",
"transitive#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 16 42 2 2 5 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + harti (“meaning”) → kaharti (“(can be) understood”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming prefix",
"implies that the action can be done"
],
"id": "en-ka--su-prefix-Gp41adQx",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"noun-forming prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--su-prefix-3U01K-E1",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + rugi (“loss”) → karugi (“loss”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + hayang (“to want”) → kahayang (“desire, want”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming prefix",
"abstract noun-forming prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--su-prefix-vYtuRHY2",
"links": [
[
"abstract noun",
"abstract noun#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ika-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ika-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*Sika-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *Sika-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke-"
},
"expansion": "Malay ke-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ika-"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog ika-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ika-, from Proto-Austronesian *Sika-. Compare Malay ke-, Tagalog ika-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sundanese",
"lang_code": "su",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"numeral-forming prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--su-prefix-rTD0Sy4~",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + hiji (“one”) → kahiji (“first”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + sapuluh (“ten”) → kasapuluh (“tenth”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"numeral-forming prefix",
"ordinal number forming prefix; -th"
],
"id": "en-ka--su-prefix-zYl7LXXz",
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal#English"
],
[
"number",
"number#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
],
[
"-th",
"-th#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: ali-, ame-"
},
{
"english": "I have worked hard on my own and God has helped me, […]",
"ref": "1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla, Duniani kuna watu, page 5:",
"text": "Nimefanya jitihada mwenyewe na Mungu kanisaidia,[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "President Obama has left, let us not return to a life of shame",
"ref": "2013, “Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu”, in Mwananchi:",
"text": "Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular animate ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) recent-past perfective marker"
],
"id": "en-ka--sw-prefix-TXSU0lFZ",
"related": [
{
"word": "Positive infinitive"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative infinitive"
},
{
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"word": "Habitual"
},
{
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"word": "Telegrammic"
},
{
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive"
],
"word": "General"
},
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "Positive subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-e"
},
{
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "Second person plural"
},
{
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"word": "Positive past"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "Positive present"
},
{
"word": "-na-"
},
{
"word": "Positive future"
},
{
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"word": "Negative subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"word": "Positive present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"word": "Negative present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"word": "Positive past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"word": "Negative past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"word": "Gnomic"
},
{
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"word": "Perfect"
},
{
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "past"
},
{
"word": "-lisha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "present"
},
{
"word": "-mesha-"
},
{
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"word": "Consecutive"
},
{
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative past"
},
{
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative future"
},
{
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"word": "Past"
},
{
"word": "Present"
},
{
"word": "Future"
},
{
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"word": "Negative"
},
{
"word": "-si-"
},
{
"word": "1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-"
},
{
"word": "-kw- in monosyllabic verbs"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*kà-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *kà-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Bantu *kà-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun class 12 prefix, used with a diminutive or depreciative meaning"
],
"id": "en-ka--sw-prefix-i7sUCCJV",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial or dialect, nonstandard) noun class 12 prefix, used with a diminutive or depreciative meaning"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"dialectal",
"morpheme",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"id": "en-ka--ss-prefix-pJIuBTn2",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swazi subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--ss-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Swazi"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Baybayin spelling ᜃ)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kaka-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + sama (“to accompany”) → kasama (“partner”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + opisina (“office”) → kaopisina (“coworker”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies companionship or partnership"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-TDzQDzJU",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + mukha (“face”) → kamukha (“someone/something similar; look-alike”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + away (“fight”) → kaaway (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies similarity or interaction"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-Mk~GAEgI",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 18 26 21 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 18 30 19 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + sigaw (“shout”) → kasisigaw (“repeatedly shouting”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + isip (“mind, thought”) → kaiisip (“thinking a lot”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies repeated action"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-HqctJDHK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with initial syllable repetition) implies repeated action"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with initial syllable repetition"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 18 17 35 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms without pronunciation template",
"parents": [
"Pronunciation templates",
"Templates"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + punta (“going”) → kapupunta (“recently went”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + luto (“cooking, cuisine”) → kaluluto (“recently cooked”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies recent action"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-Dfxoyiwp",
"links": [
[
"lang",
"lang#Tajik"
],
[
"lamang",
"lamang#Tajik"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with initial syllable repetition, followed by lang or lamang) implies recent action"
],
"raw_tags": [
"followed by lang or lamang",
"with initial syllable repetition"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + galang (“respect”) → kagalang-galang (“inspiring great respect”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + paniwala (“belief”) → kapani-paniwala (“very plausible”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies causing or producing something in an extreme degree"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-j4OH9B9O",
"raw_glosses": [
"(with initial two syllables repetition) implies causing or producing something in an extreme degree"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with initial two syllables repetition"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*ká-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *ká-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *ká-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "pronominal concords",
"cat3": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 31 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro pronominal concords",
"parents": [
"Pronominal concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 41 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -nu (“this, these”) → kanu (“this (class 12)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] pronominal concord"
],
"id": "en-ka--ttj-prefix-fy02BYkj",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 41 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -kora (“to do”) → kakora (“it (class 12) does”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"they; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] subject concord"
],
"id": "en-ka--ttj-prefix-VmetFy9R",
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 19 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 41 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -ha (“to give”) → kaha (“give it (class 12)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] object concord",
"word": "-ka-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positive imperative form of -ka- (“it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] object concord”)"
],
"id": "en-ka--ttj-prefix-pgvvlUgU",
"links": [
[
"-ka-",
"-ka-#Tooro"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nyowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ange"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "n-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-n-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nanyowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nanye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ninyowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ninye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "iwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-awe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "o-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "naiwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niiwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "uwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-mu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nawe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nuwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "itwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-aitu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "tu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-tu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "naitwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niitwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "inywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-anyu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "mu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ba-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nainywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niinywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "abo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ba-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nubo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "gwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-agwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "gu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-gu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nagwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nugwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "yo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "e-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-gi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "lyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-alyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nalyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niryo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "go"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ago"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ga-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ga-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nago"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nugo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "kyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-akyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ki-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ki-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nakyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nikyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "byo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-bi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nibyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "zo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-azo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "zi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-zi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nizo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "rwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-arwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ru-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ru-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "narwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nurwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ako"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nako"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nuko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "two"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-atwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "natwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nutwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-bu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nubwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "kwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-akwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nakwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nukwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-aho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "naho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nuho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "N/A"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-(...-yo)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-amwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-(...-mu)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "numwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-enyini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-onyini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "—"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-e-"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"morpheme",
"positive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"sense": "before /e/",
"word": "ke-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"sense": "before /o/",
"word": "ko-"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"id": "en-ka--xh-prefix-pJIuBTn2",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--xh-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Xhosa"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"id": "en-ka--zu-prefix-pJIuBTn2",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ká-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords",
"head": "ká-"
},
"expansion": "ká-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--zu-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Zulu"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "hortative",
"word": "ma-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 38 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ma- (hortative)"
],
"id": "en-ka--zu-prefix-SHqdmAl8",
"links": [
[
"ma-",
"ma-#Zulu"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tnq",
"2": "awd-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Arawak *ka-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arw",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Lokono ka-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cab",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Garifuna ka-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Arawak *ka-. Cognate with Lokono ka-, Garifuna ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tnq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Taíno",
"lang_code": "tnq",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Taíno/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taíno entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the (attributive prefix)"
],
"id": "en-ka--tnq-prefix-aUYq77pb",
"links": [
[
"the",
"the"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phi-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Philippine:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Batanic"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tao",
"2": "ka-",
"t": "company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)"
},
"expansion": "Yami: ka- (“company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yami: ka- (“company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Greater Central Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tagalog: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Coastal Bikol"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Bikol Central: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bikol Central: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bisayan/Visayan"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Cebuano: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cebuano: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Indonesian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Greater North Borneo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Malayic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Malayic"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke-"
},
"expansion": "Malay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Malay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "min",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Minangkabau: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Minangkabau: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osn"
},
"expansion": "Old Sundanese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Sundanese:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "ᮊ-",
"tr": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Sundanese: ᮊ- (ka-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sundanese: ᮊ- (ka-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mad"
},
"expansion": "Madurese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Madurese:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Kangean: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kangean: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-cet-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pqe-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-oce-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Oceanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Oceanic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Micronesian"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Micronesian"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Mokilese: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mokilese: ka-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 8 1 5 19 18 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marker of past time in temporal expressions"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-Pro-txLa",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*ma-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stative marker in irrealis constructions"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-FXVN5n5Z",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"extremely; superlative"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-hniNFd1L",
"links": [
[
"extremely",
"extremely"
],
[
"superlative",
"superlative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mate, partner, cohort"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-2WzLymam",
"links": [
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"partner",
"partner"
],
[
"cohort",
"cohort"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"formative for abstract nouns of quality"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-hLgtvfch",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manner in which an action is carried out"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-xbh2HG29",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"past participle, achieved state"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-LfDDgyZ~",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kańu",
"3": "*kańusï",
"der": "1",
"t": "which",
"t2": "which of"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kańu (“which”), *kańusï (“which of”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kańu (“which”), *kańusï (“which of”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu: قَنُو (qanū)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qânı",
"3": "qânısı"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qânı, qânısı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qânı, qânısı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قانسی",
"tr": "qansı"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قانسی (qansı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قانسی (qansı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هانسی",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "hansı"
},
"expansion": "هانسی (hansı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هانسی (hansı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hansı"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hansı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hansı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قانسی",
"q": "Dialectal, Early Ottoman",
"tr": "kansı"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: (Dialectal, Early Ottoman) قانسی (kansı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: (Dialectal, Early Ottoman) قانسی (kansı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gaysı"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gaysı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gaysı"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "haýsy"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: haýsy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: haýsy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Khalaj: خَيُو (xayū) (11th ce.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَيُو",
"tr": "qayū"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَيُو (qayū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَيُو (qayū)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قَایسی"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قَایسی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قَایسی"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قايسى"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قايسى (qaysi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قايسى (qaysi)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qaysi"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qaysi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qaysi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak: *kay(ï), *kay(ï)sï"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡайһы"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡайһы (qayhı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡайһы (qayhı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайсы (qaysı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайсы (qaysı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "qaysı"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: qaysı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: qaysı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karaim:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Kumyk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қай",
"3": "қайсы"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қай (qai), қайсы (qaisy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қай (qai), қайсы (qaisy)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "кай",
"3": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кай",
"3": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰪𐰆",
"ts": "qańu"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰪𐰆 (qńu /qańu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰪𐰆 (qńu /qańu/) (Ordu-Balyk/Karabalgasun I)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"tr": "qanu, qayu"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qanu, qayu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qanu, qayu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Dolgan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хая"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хая (qaya)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хая (qaya)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tofa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tuvan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хайзы"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хайзы (xayzı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хайзы (xayzı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қайзы",
"tr": "qayzï"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қайзы (qayzï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қайзы (qayzï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz-pro",
"2": "*kangï",
"3": "*kangïsï",
"der": "1",
"t": "which",
"t2": "which of"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *kangï (“which”), *kangïsï (“which of”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *kangï (“which”), *kangïsï (“which of”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قنغی",
"3": "قنغیسی",
"tr1": "qanğı",
"tr2": "qanğısı"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قنغی (qanğı), قنغیسی (qanğısı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قنغی (qanğı), قنغیسی (qanğısı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هانغی",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "hanğı"
},
"expansion": "هانغی (hanğı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هانغی (hanğı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hankı",
"q": "Dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: (Dialectal) hankı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: (Dialectal) hankı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قنغی",
"3": "هانغی",
"4": "خانغی",
"5": "هانکی",
"q1": "Early Ottoman",
"q2": "Middle Ottoman",
"q4": "Late Ottoman",
"tr1": "kangı",
"tr2": "hangı",
"tr3": "hangı",
"tr4": "hangi"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قنغی (kangı), (Middle Ottoman) هانغی (hangı), خانغی (hangı), (Late Ottoman) هانکی (hangi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قنغی (kangı), (Middle Ottoman) هانغی (hangı), خانغی (hangı), (Late Ottoman) هانکی (hangi)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "hangı",
"3": "angı"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: hangı, angı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: hangı, angı"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "hangi"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: hangi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: hangi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanta",
"der": "1",
"t": "where"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanta (“where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanta (“where”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "قانده"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: قانده",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: قانده"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Khalaj: خَنْدا (xandā) (11th ce.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gayda"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gayda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gayda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَنْدا",
"tr": "qandā"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَنْدا (qandā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَنْدا (qandā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайда (qayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайда (qayda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қайда"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қайда (qaida)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қайда (qaida)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀 (qn¹t¹a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀 (qn¹t¹a)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yeniseian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanï",
"der": "1",
"t": "where"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanï (“where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanï (“where”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qânı"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qânı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qânı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَنى",
"tr": "qanı"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنى (qanı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنى (qanı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هانی",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "hanı"
},
"expansion": "هانی (hanı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هانی (hanı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hanı"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hanı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hanı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قَانی",
"3": "هانی",
"q1": "Early Ottoman",
"q2": "Middle & Late Ottoman",
"tr1": "kanı",
"tr2": "hani"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قَانی (kanı), (Middle & Late Ottoman) هانی (hani)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قَانی (kanı), (Middle & Late Ottoman) هانی (hani)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "hani"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: hani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: hani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَانى",
"3": "قَنى",
"tr2": "qanï"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَانى, قَنى (qanï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَانى, قَنى (qanï)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قَنی",
"3": "qani"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قَنی, qani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قَنی, qani"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قېنى"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قېنى (qëni)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قېنى (qëni)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qani"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰣𐰃"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐰃 (qn¹i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐰃 (qn¹i)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kačan",
"der": "1",
"t": "when"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kačan (“when”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kačan (“when”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qaçân"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qaçân",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qaçân"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَچَن",
"tr": "qaçan"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَچَن (qaçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَچَن (qaçan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هاچان",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "هاچان (haçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هاچان (haçan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قاچان",
"3": "هاچان",
"q1": "Early Ottoman",
"q2": "Middle & Late Ottoman",
"tr1": "kaçan",
"tr2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قاچان (kaçan), (Middle & Late Ottoman) هاچان (haçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قاچان (kaçan), (Middle & Late Ottoman) هاچان (haçan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gaçañ"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gaçañ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gaçañ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قچان",
"tr": "qaçan"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قچان (qaçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قچان (qaçan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قاچان"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قاچان (qachan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قاچان (qachan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qachon"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qachon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qachon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "قایچان",
"tr": "qayçan"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: قایچان (qayçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: قایچان (qayçan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡасан"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡасан (qasan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡасан (qasan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайчан"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайчан (qayçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайчан (qayçan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қашан"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қашан (qaşan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қашан (qaşan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: качан (kacan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: качан (kacan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: качан (kačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: качан (kačan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "каһан",
"tr": "kahan"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: каһан (kahan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: каһан (kahan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хаһан"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хаһан (qahan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хаһан (qahan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қачан",
"tr": "qačan"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қачан (qačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қачан (qačan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хаӌан"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хаӌан (xacan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хаӌан (xacan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "qačan"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: qačan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: qačan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "каджан",
"3": "кайджан",
"4": "каччан",
"5": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: каджан (kadžan), кайджан (kaydžan), каччан (kaččan), качан (kačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: каджан (kadžan), кайджан (kaydžan), каччан (kaččan), качан (kačan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanča",
"der": "1",
"t": "when"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanča (“when”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanča (“when”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قنجە",
"3": "قنجارو",
"t1": "when",
"t2": "where",
"tr": "qanca",
"tr2": "qancaru"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قنجە (qanca, “when”), قنجارو (qancaru, “where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قنجە (qanca, “when”), قنجارو (qancaru, “where”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هانجارو",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "hancaru"
},
"expansion": "هانجارو (hancaru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هانجارو (hancaru)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hancarı",
"3": "həncəri",
"4": "hanceri",
"t2": "where, how"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hancarı, həncəri (“where, how”), hanceri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hancarı, həncəri (“where, how”), hanceri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قانچە",
"t": "how much",
"tr": "qança"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قانچە (qança, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قانچە (qança, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قانچە",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قانچە (qanche, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قانچە (qanche, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qancha",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qancha (“how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qancha (“how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "къанча",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: къанча (qança, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: къанча (qança, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қанша",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қанша (qanşa, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қанша (qanşa, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "канча",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: канча (kanca, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: канча (kanca, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "канча",
"t": "how many, how much"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: канча (kanča, “how many, how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: канча (kanča, “how many, how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "",
"tr": "qança"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: [script needed] (qança)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: [script needed] (qança)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "канча",
"3": "канджа"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: канча (kanča), канджа (kandža)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: канча (kanča), канджа (kandža)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kandïn",
"der": "1",
"t": "from where?"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kandïn (“from where?”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kandïn (“from where?”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰦𐰣"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰦𐰣 (qntn¹)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰦𐰣 (qntn¹)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ka-",
"t": "interrogative stem"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ka- (“interrogative stem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*xa-",
"t": "interrogative stem"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *xa- (“interrogative stem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-pro",
"2": "*ka",
"t": "interrogative particle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *ka (“interrogative particle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*ku",
"t": "who, where"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *ku (“who, where”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compared to Proto-Mongolic *ka- (“interrogative stem”),\nProto-Tungusic *xa- (“interrogative stem”).\nPossibly also Proto-Japonic *ka (“interrogative particle”) and Proto-Uralic *ku (“who, where”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaŋa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kantan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaŋaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanlayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanlïgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ka-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chagatai terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [
"Interrogative pronouns",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Pronouns",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Interrogative stem."
],
"id": "en-ka--trk-pro-pron-3NE5GOpt",
"links": [
[
"Interrogative",
"interrogative"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*nē-"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Formosan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bnn",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Bunun: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bunun: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pyu",
"2": "ka-",
"t": "stative marker"
},
"expansion": "Puyuma: ka- (“stative marker”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Puyuma: ka- (“stative marker”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dru",
"2": "ka-",
"q": "Mantauran",
"t": "in fact, indeed, actually"
},
"expansion": "Rukai: (Mantauran) ka- (“in fact, indeed, actually”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rukai: (Mantauran) ka- (“in fact, indeed, actually”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsy",
"2": "ka-",
"t": "verb nominalization marker"
},
"expansion": "Saisiyat: ka- (“verb nominalization marker”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saisiyat: ka- (“verb nominalization marker”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ssf",
"2": "ka-",
"t": "to make; two times"
},
"expansion": "Thao: ka- (“to make; two times”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Thao: ka- (“to make; two times”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *ka-\nProto-Philippine:\nBatanic\nYami: ka- (“company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)”)\nGreater Central Philippine\nCentral Philippine\nTagalog: ka-\nCoastal Bikol\nBikol Central: ka-\nBisayan/Visayan\nCebuano: ka-\nWestern Indonesian\nGreater North Borneo\nProto-Malayic:\nMalayic\nMalay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-\nMinangkabau: ka-\nOld Sundanese:\nSundanese: ᮊ- (ka-)\nMadurese:\nKangean: ka-\nOld Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)\nProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:\nProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:\nProto-Oceanic:\nMicronesian\nCentral Micronesian\nMokilese: ka-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *ka-\nProto-Philippine:\nBatanic\nYami: ka- (“company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)”)\nGreater Central Philippine\nCentral Philippine\nTagalog: ka-\nCoastal Bikol\nBikol Central: ka-\nBisayan/Visayan\nCebuano: ka-\nWestern Indonesian\nGreater North Borneo\nProto-Malayic:\nMalayic\nMalay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-\nMinangkabau: ka-\nOld Sundanese:\nSundanese: ᮊ- (ka-)\nMadurese:\nKangean: ka-\nOld Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)\nProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:\nProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:\nProto-Oceanic:\nMicronesian\nCentral Micronesian\nMokilese: ka-"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Austronesian",
"lang_code": "map-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"inchoative"
],
"id": "en-ka--map-pro-prefix-OpKVWm3I",
"links": [
[
"inchoative",
"inchoative#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "Formosa",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Formosa) inchoative"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stative"
],
"id": "en-ka--map-pro-prefix-t1cxFq9M",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction",
"stative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 3 4 2 0 0 4 2 2 3 3 0 0 10 0 0 3 0 7 1 0 0 3 3 0 2 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 37 0 1 10 0 27 2 0 1 10 10 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 72 2 5 20 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Austronesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past time"
],
"id": "en-ka--map-pro-prefix-NAmx0-y7",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"accompanied action/person"
],
"id": "en-ka--map-pro-prefix-7l84g-tH",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"abstract noun formative"
],
"id": "en-ka--map-pro-prefix-l5vNYuGX",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manner in which an action is carried out"
],
"id": "en-ka--map-pro-prefix-xbh2HG29",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"past participle"
],
"id": "en-ka--map-pro-prefix-fAo9mLho",
"links": [
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"participle",
"past",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "Compare kaka and ka.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"Bikol Central lemmas",
"Bikol Central prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + kawat (“play”) → kakawat (“playmate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + iwal (“fight”) → kaiwal (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun that denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano prefixes",
"Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"Cebuano terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog ka-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Tagalog ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Badlit spelling ᜃ)",
"name": "ceb-head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "ika-"
},
{
"word": "ka- -an"
},
{
"word": "ka- -anan"
},
{
"word": "ka- -on"
},
{
"word": "ka- -onon"
},
{
"word": "kina- -an"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + linaw (“calm”) → kalinaw (“calmness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + bugnaw (“cold”) → kabugnaw (“coldness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes a state of being; -ness"
],
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to adjectives) denotes a state of being; -ness"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to adjectives"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pagka-"
},
{
"word": "ka- -an"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "“how hot!”",
"text": "ka- + init (“hot”) → kainit!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used in exclamations; how..."
],
"links": [
[
"how",
"how"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to an adjective) used in exclamations; how..."
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to an adjective"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "ka- -a"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + klase (“class”) → kaklase (“classmate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + away (“to fight”) → kaaway (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(added to nouns or verbs) denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"raw_tags": [
"added to nouns or verbs"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "isigka-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐ]"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano prefixes",
"Cebuano terms with Badlit script",
"Cebuano terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Cebuano terms with missing Badlit script entries",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Badlit spelling ᜃ)",
"name": "ceb-head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "maka-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Cebuano short forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Short for maka-."
],
"links": [
[
"maka-",
"maka-#Cebuano"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐ]"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ker-"
}
],
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ker-"
],
"links": [
[
"ker-",
"ker-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "か"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of か"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"か",
"か#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦏ-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Javanese non-lemma forms",
"Javanese romanizations",
"Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦏ-"
],
"links": [
[
"ꦏ-",
"ꦏ-#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "base",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "verb base"
},
"expansion": "ka- (verb base)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kangean entries with incorrect language header",
"Kangean lemmas",
"Kangean prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + gibe (“bring”) → kagibe (“(accidentally) taken along”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accidental aspect of the passive intransitive verb"
],
"links": [
[
"accidental",
"accidental#English"
],
[
"aspect",
"aspect#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Kapampangan entries with incorrect language header",
"Kapampangan lemmas",
"Kapampangan prefixes",
"Kapampangan terms without pronunciation template",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "pam-head"
}
],
"lang": "Kapampangan",
"lang_code": "pam",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "kaka-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + abe (“to accompany”) → kayabe (“partner”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + lagyu (“name”) → kalagyu (“namesake”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies companionship or partnership when prefixed to a root"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + lupa (“face”) → kalupa (“someone/something similar; look-alike”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + pate (“fight”) → kapate (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies similarity or interaction when prefixed to a root noun"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + gulisak (“shout”) → kagugulisak (“repeatedly shouting”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + isip (“mind, thought”) → kaiisip (“thinking a lot”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies repeated action when prefixed to a root that repeats the first syllable"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + dapat (“should”) → karapat-dapat (“deserving”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + santing (“handsome”) → kasanting-santing (“wonderful”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies causing or producing something in an extreme degree when prefixed to a root that repeats the first two syllables"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + datang (“come”) → kadaratang (“recently arrived”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + punta (“go”) → kapupunta (“recently went”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies recent action when prefixed to a root that repeats the first syllable and followed by pamu"
],
"links": [
[
"pamu",
"pamu#Kapampangan"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + timyas (“cute”) → katimyas (“so cute”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + yumi (“innocence; pure”) → kayumi (“how pretty”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies emphatic, before an adjective, non-productive and followed by na, da or ta"
],
"links": [
[
"na",
"na#Kapampangan"
],
[
"da",
"da#Kapampangan"
],
[
"ta",
"ta#Kapampangan"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmb",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*kà-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *kà-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *kà-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tu-",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmb",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "tu-"
},
"expansion": "ka- (plural tu-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kimbundu",
"lang_code": "kmb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kimbundu entries with incorrect language header",
"Kimbundu lemmas",
"Kimbundu prefixes",
"Kimbundu terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Kimbundu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"noun class prefix, used with a diminutive meaning"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "min",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Minangkabau",
"lang_code": "min",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Minangkabau entries with incorrect language header",
"Minangkabau lemmas",
"Minangkabau prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
"Mohawk lemmas",
"Mohawk prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"third person feminine/neuter agent pronominal prefix"
],
"links": [
[
"third person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine#English"
],
[
"neuter",
"neuter#English"
],
[
"agent",
"agent#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"agent",
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"prefix",
"pronominal",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Word-Initial"
},
{
"word": "w-"
},
{
"word": "i-"
},
{
"word": "ken-"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
"Mohawk lemmas",
"Mohawk prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"noun prefix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"Mokilese lemmas",
"Mokilese prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form causative verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka-/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"Mokilese lemmas",
"Mokilese prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka-/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Ndebele lemmas",
"Northern Ndebele prefixes",
"Northern Ndebele subject concords",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Northern_Ndebele"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gi-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Bavarian Old High German",
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German prefixes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gi-"
],
"links": [
[
"gi-",
"gi-#Old_High_German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Bavaria) Alternative form of gi-"
],
"tags": [
"Bavaria",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "k-",
"3": "ꦏ-",
"4": "ꦏꦼ-"
},
"expansion": "Javanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Javanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese prefixes",
"Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Old Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"passive verb-forming prefix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bnt-phu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phuthi",
"lang_code": "bnt-phu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Phuthi entries with incorrect language header",
"Phuthi lemmas",
"Phuthi prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Austronesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Austronesian lemmas",
"Proto-Austronesian prefixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Formosan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bnn",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Bunun: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bunun: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pyu",
"2": "ka-",
"t": "stative marker"
},
"expansion": "Puyuma: ka- (“stative marker”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Puyuma: ka- (“stative marker”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dru",
"2": "ka-",
"q": "Mantauran",
"t": "in fact, indeed, actually"
},
"expansion": "Rukai: (Mantauran) ka- (“in fact, indeed, actually”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rukai: (Mantauran) ka- (“in fact, indeed, actually”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsy",
"2": "ka-",
"t": "verb nominalization marker"
},
"expansion": "Saisiyat: ka- (“verb nominalization marker”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saisiyat: ka- (“verb nominalization marker”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ssf",
"2": "ka-",
"t": "to make; two times"
},
"expansion": "Thao: ka- (“to make; two times”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Thao: ka- (“to make; two times”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *ka-\nProto-Philippine:\nBatanic\nYami: ka- (“company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)”)\nGreater Central Philippine\nCentral Philippine\nTagalog: ka-\nCoastal Bikol\nBikol Central: ka-\nBisayan/Visayan\nCebuano: ka-\nWestern Indonesian\nGreater North Borneo\nProto-Malayic:\nMalayic\nMalay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-\nMinangkabau: ka-\nOld Sundanese:\nSundanese: ᮊ- (ka-)\nMadurese:\nKangean: ka-\nOld Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)\nProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:\nProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:\nProto-Oceanic:\nMicronesian\nCentral Micronesian\nMokilese: ka-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *ka-\nProto-Philippine:\nBatanic\nYami: ka- (“company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)”)\nGreater Central Philippine\nCentral Philippine\nTagalog: ka-\nCoastal Bikol\nBikol Central: ka-\nBisayan/Visayan\nCebuano: ka-\nWestern Indonesian\nGreater North Borneo\nProto-Malayic:\nMalayic\nMalay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-\nMinangkabau: ka-\nOld Sundanese:\nSundanese: ᮊ- (ka-)\nMadurese:\nKangean: ka-\nOld Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)\nProto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:\nProto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:\nProto-Oceanic:\nMicronesian\nCentral Micronesian\nMokilese: ka-"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Austronesian",
"lang_code": "map-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"inchoative"
],
"links": [
[
"inchoative",
"inchoative#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "Formosa",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Formosa) inchoative"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stative"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction",
"stative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"past time"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"accompanied action/person"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"abstract noun formative"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manner in which an action is carried out"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"past participle"
],
"links": [
[
"past participle",
"past participle#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"participle",
"past",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian lemmas",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian prefixes",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "phi-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Philippine:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Philippine:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Batanic"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tao",
"2": "ka-",
"t": "company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)"
},
"expansion": "Yami: ka- (“company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yami: ka- (“company, as ... as, abstract noun; and then, just now, only; stative verb prefix reappearing in forming transitive verbs; very (reduplicated root); animals named after certain features (reduplicated root)”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Greater Central Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Philippine"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tagalog: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Coastal Bikol"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Bikol Central: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bikol Central: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bisayan/Visayan"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Cebuano: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cebuano: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Indonesian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Greater North Borneo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-mly-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Malayic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Malayic"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke-"
},
"expansion": "Malay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Malay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "min",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Minangkabau: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Minangkabau: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osn"
},
"expansion": "Old Sundanese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Sundanese:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "ᮊ-",
"tr": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Sundanese: ᮊ- (ka-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sundanese: ᮊ- (ka-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mad"
},
"expansion": "Madurese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Madurese:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Kangean: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kangean: ka-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-cet-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pqe-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-oce-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Oceanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Oceanic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Micronesian"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Micronesian"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Mokilese: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mokilese: ka-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"marker of past time in temporal expressions"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*ma-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stative marker in irrealis constructions"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"extremely; superlative"
],
"links": [
[
"extremely",
"extremely"
],
[
"superlative",
"superlative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mate, partner, cohort"
],
"links": [
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"partner",
"partner"
],
[
"cohort",
"cohort"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"formative for abstract nouns of quality"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manner in which an action is carried out"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"past participle, achieved state"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kańu",
"3": "*kańusï",
"der": "1",
"t": "which",
"t2": "which of"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kańu (“which”), *kańusï (“which of”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kańu (“which”), *kańusï (“which of”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu: قَنُو (qanū)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qânı",
"3": "qânısı"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qânı, qânısı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qânı, qânısı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قانسی",
"tr": "qansı"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قانسی (qansı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قانسی (qansı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هانسی",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "hansı"
},
"expansion": "هانسی (hansı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هانسی (hansı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hansı"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hansı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hansı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قانسی",
"q": "Dialectal, Early Ottoman",
"tr": "kansı"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: (Dialectal, Early Ottoman) قانسی (kansı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: (Dialectal, Early Ottoman) قانسی (kansı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gaysı"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gaysı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gaysı"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "haýsy"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: haýsy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: haýsy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Khalaj: خَيُو (xayū) (11th ce.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَيُو",
"tr": "qayū"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَيُو (qayū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَيُو (qayū)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قَایسی"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قَایسی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قَایسی"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قايسى"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قايسى (qaysi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قايسى (qaysi)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qaysi"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qaysi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qaysi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak: *kay(ï), *kay(ï)sï"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡайһы"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡайһы (qayhı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡайһы (qayhı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайсы (qaysı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайсы (qaysı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "qaysı"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: qaysı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: qaysı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karaim:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Kumyk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қай",
"3": "қайсы"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қай (qai), қайсы (qaisy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қай (qai), қайсы (qaisy)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "кай",
"3": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кай",
"3": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰪𐰆",
"ts": "qańu"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰪𐰆 (qńu /qańu/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰪𐰆 (qńu /qańu/) (Ordu-Balyk/Karabalgasun I)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"tr": "qanu, qayu"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qanu, qayu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qanu, qayu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Dolgan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хая"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хая (qaya)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хая (qaya)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tofa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tuvan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хайзы"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хайзы (xayzı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хайзы (xayzı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қайзы",
"tr": "qayzï"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қайзы (qayzï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қайзы (qayzï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz-pro",
"2": "*kangï",
"3": "*kangïsï",
"der": "1",
"t": "which",
"t2": "which of"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *kangï (“which”), *kangïsï (“which of”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *kangï (“which”), *kangïsï (“which of”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قنغی",
"3": "قنغیسی",
"tr1": "qanğı",
"tr2": "qanğısı"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قنغی (qanğı), قنغیسی (qanğısı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قنغی (qanğı), قنغیسی (qanğısı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هانغی",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "hanğı"
},
"expansion": "هانغی (hanğı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هانغی (hanğı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hankı",
"q": "Dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: (Dialectal) hankı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: (Dialectal) hankı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قنغی",
"3": "هانغی",
"4": "خانغی",
"5": "هانکی",
"q1": "Early Ottoman",
"q2": "Middle Ottoman",
"q4": "Late Ottoman",
"tr1": "kangı",
"tr2": "hangı",
"tr3": "hangı",
"tr4": "hangi"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قنغی (kangı), (Middle Ottoman) هانغی (hangı), خانغی (hangı), (Late Ottoman) هانکی (hangi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قنغی (kangı), (Middle Ottoman) هانغی (hangı), خانغی (hangı), (Late Ottoman) هانکی (hangi)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "hangı",
"3": "angı"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: hangı, angı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: hangı, angı"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "hangi"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: hangi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: hangi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanta",
"der": "1",
"t": "where"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanta (“where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanta (“where”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "قانده"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: قانده",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: قانده"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Khalaj: خَنْدا (xandā) (11th ce.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gayda"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gayda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gayda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَنْدا",
"tr": "qandā"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَنْدا (qandā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَنْدا (qandā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Kipchak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайда (qayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайда (qayda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қайда"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қайда (qaida)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қайда (qaida)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Nogai: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀 (qn¹t¹a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀 (qn¹t¹a)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Tuvan: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yeniseian Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "кайда"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: кайда (kayda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: кайда (kayda)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanï",
"der": "1",
"t": "where"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanï (“where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanï (“where”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qânı"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qânı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qânı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَنى",
"tr": "qanı"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنى (qanı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنى (qanı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هانی",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "hanı"
},
"expansion": "هانی (hanı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هانی (hanı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hanı"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hanı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hanı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قَانی",
"3": "هانی",
"q1": "Early Ottoman",
"q2": "Middle & Late Ottoman",
"tr1": "kanı",
"tr2": "hani"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قَانی (kanı), (Middle & Late Ottoman) هانی (hani)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قَانی (kanı), (Middle & Late Ottoman) هانی (hani)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "hani"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: hani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: hani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَانى",
"3": "قَنى",
"tr2": "qanï"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَانى, قَنى (qanï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَانى, قَنى (qanï)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قَنی",
"3": "qani"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قَنی, qani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قَنی, qani"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قېنى"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قېنى (qëni)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قېنى (qëni)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qani"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰣𐰃"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐰃 (qn¹i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐰃 (qn¹i)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kačan",
"der": "1",
"t": "when"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kačan (“when”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kačan (“when”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qaçân"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qaçân",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qaçân"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَچَن",
"tr": "qaçan"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَچَن (qaçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَچَن (qaçan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هاچان",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "هاچان (haçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هاچان (haçan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "قاچان",
"3": "هاچان",
"q1": "Early Ottoman",
"q2": "Middle & Late Ottoman",
"tr1": "kaçan",
"tr2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قاچان (kaçan), (Middle & Late Ottoman) هاچان (haçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: (Early Ottoman) قاچان (kaçan), (Middle & Late Ottoman) هاچان (haçan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gaçañ"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gaçañ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gaçañ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قچان",
"tr": "qaçan"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قچان (qaçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قچان (qaçan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قاچان"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قاچان (qachan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قاچان (qachan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qachon"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qachon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qachon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "قایچان",
"tr": "qayçan"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: قایچان (qayçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: قایچان (qayçan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡасан"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡасан (qasan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡасан (qasan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайчан"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайчан (qayçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайчан (qayçan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қашан"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қашан (qaşan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қашан (qaşan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: качан (kacan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: качан (kacan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: качан (kačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: качан (kačan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "каһан",
"tr": "kahan"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: каһан (kahan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: каһан (kahan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хаһан"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хаһан (qahan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хаһан (qahan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қачан",
"tr": "qačan"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қачан (qačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қачан (qačan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хаӌан"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хаӌан (xacan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хаӌан (xacan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "qačan"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: qačan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: qačan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "каджан",
"3": "кайджан",
"4": "каччан",
"5": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: каджан (kadžan), кайджан (kaydžan), каччан (kaččan), качан (kačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: каджан (kadžan), кайджан (kaydžan), каччан (kaččan), качан (kačan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanča",
"der": "1",
"t": "when"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanča (“when”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanča (“when”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قنجە",
"3": "قنجارو",
"t1": "when",
"t2": "where",
"tr": "qanca",
"tr2": "qancaru"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قنجە (qanca, “when”), قنجارو (qancaru, “where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قنجە (qanca, “when”), قنجارو (qancaru, “where”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "هانجارو",
"nolb": "1",
"tr": "hancaru"
},
"expansion": "هانجارو (hancaru)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ajem-Turkic: هانجارو (hancaru)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hancarı",
"3": "həncəri",
"4": "hanceri",
"t2": "where, how"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hancarı, həncəri (“where, how”), hanceri",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hancarı, həncəri (“where, how”), hanceri"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قانچە",
"t": "how much",
"tr": "qança"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قانچە (qança, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قانچە (qança, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قانچە",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قانچە (qanche, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قانچە (qanche, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "qancha",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: qancha (“how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: qancha (“how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": "къанча",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: къанча (qança, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar: къанча (qança, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қанша",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қанша (qanşa, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қанша (qanşa, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "канча",
"t": "how much"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: канча (kanca, “how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: канча (kanca, “how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "канча",
"t": "how many, how much"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: канча (kanča, “how many, how much”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: канча (kanča, “how many, how much”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "",
"tr": "qança"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: [script needed] (qança)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: [script needed] (qança)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "канча",
"3": "канджа"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: канча (kanča), канджа (kandža)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: канча (kanča), канджа (kandža)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kandïn",
"der": "1",
"t": "from where?"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kandïn (“from where?”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kandïn (“from where?”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰦𐰣"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰦𐰣 (qntn¹)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰦𐰣 (qntn¹)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ka-",
"t": "interrogative stem"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ka- (“interrogative stem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*xa-",
"t": "interrogative stem"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *xa- (“interrogative stem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jpx-pro",
"2": "*ka",
"t": "interrogative particle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *ka (“interrogative particle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "*ku",
"t": "who, where"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *ku (“who, where”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compared to Proto-Mongolic *ka- (“interrogative stem”),\nProto-Tungusic *xa- (“interrogative stem”).\nPossibly also Proto-Japonic *ka (“interrogative particle”) and Proto-Uralic *ku (“who, where”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaŋa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kantan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaŋaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanlayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanlïgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ka-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chagatai terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic interrogative pronouns",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"Requests for native script for Old Turkic terms",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Interrogative stem."
],
"links": [
[
"Interrogative",
"interrogative"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*nē-"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_text": "Probably related to South Efate go",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erk",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Efate",
"lang_code": "erk",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"South Efate entries with incorrect language header",
"South Efate lemmas",
"South Efate prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"and (forms dependent verbs)"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Southern Ndebele lemmas",
"Southern Ndebele prefixes",
"Southern Ndebele subject concords"
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Southern_Ndebele"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Sundanese lemmas",
"Sundanese prefixes",
"Sundanese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Sundanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Sundanese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Sundanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᮊ-",
"tags": [
"Sundanese",
"character"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "Sundanese script ᮊ-"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Sundanese script ᮊ-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sundanese",
"lang_code": "su",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + tijek (“to step on”) → katijek (“(accidentally) stepped on”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + bedil (“gun”) → kabedil (“(accidentally) shot”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming prefix",
"accidental aspect of the passive transitive verb"
],
"links": [
[
"accidental",
"accidental#English"
],
[
"aspect",
"aspect#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"transitive",
"transitive#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + déngé (“to hear”) → kadéngé (“to be heard”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + baca (“to read”) → kabaca (“to be read”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming prefix",
"perfective aspect of the passive transitive verb"
],
"links": [
[
"perfective",
"perfective#English"
],
[
"aspect",
"aspect#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"transitive",
"transitive#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + harti (“meaning”) → kaharti (“(can be) understood”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb-forming prefix",
"implies that the action can be done"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"noun-forming prefix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + rugi (“loss”) → karugi (“loss”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + hayang (“to want”) → kahayang (“desire, want”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming prefix",
"abstract noun-forming prefix"
],
"links": [
[
"abstract noun",
"abstract noun#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Sundanese lemmas",
"Sundanese prefixes",
"Sundanese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Sundanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Sundanese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Sundanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ika-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ika-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*Sika-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *Sika-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke-"
},
"expansion": "Malay ke-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ika-"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog ika-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ika-, from Proto-Austronesian *Sika-. Compare Malay ke-, Tagalog ika-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sundanese",
"lang_code": "su",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"numeral-forming prefix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + hiji (“one”) → kahiji (“first”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + sapuluh (“ten”) → kasapuluh (“tenth”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"numeral-forming prefix",
"ordinal number forming prefix; -th"
],
"links": [
[
"ordinal",
"ordinal#English"
],
[
"number",
"number#English"
],
[
"prefix",
"prefix#English"
],
[
"-th",
"-th#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili prefixes",
"Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "Positive infinitive"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative infinitive"
},
{
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"word": "Habitual"
},
{
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"word": "Telegrammic"
},
{
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive"
],
"word": "General"
},
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "Positive subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-e"
},
{
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "Second person plural"
},
{
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"word": "Positive past"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "Positive present"
},
{
"word": "-na-"
},
{
"word": "Positive future"
},
{
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"word": "Negative subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"word": "Positive present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"word": "Negative present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"word": "Positive past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"word": "Negative past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"word": "Gnomic"
},
{
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"word": "Perfect"
},
{
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "past"
},
{
"word": "-lisha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "present"
},
{
"word": "-mesha-"
},
{
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"word": "Consecutive"
},
{
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative past"
},
{
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative future"
},
{
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"word": "Past"
},
{
"word": "Present"
},
{
"word": "Future"
},
{
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"word": "Negative"
},
{
"word": "-si-"
},
{
"word": "1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-"
},
{
"word": "-kw- in monosyllabic verbs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: ali-, ame-"
},
{
"english": "I have worked hard on my own and God has helped me, […]",
"ref": "1973, Mohammed S. Abdulla, Duniani kuna watu, page 5:",
"text": "Nimefanya jitihada mwenyewe na Mungu kanisaidia,[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "President Obama has left, let us not return to a life of shame",
"ref": "2013, “Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu”, in Mwananchi:",
"text": "Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular animate ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) recent-past perfective marker"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili prefixes",
"Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*kà-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *kà-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Bantu *kà-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swahili colloquialisms",
"Swahili dialectal terms",
"Swahili nonstandard terms"
],
"glosses": [
"noun class 12 prefix, used with a diminutive or depreciative meaning"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial or dialect, nonstandard) noun class 12 prefix, used with a diminutive or depreciative meaning"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"dialectal",
"morpheme",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"Swazi lemmas",
"Swazi prefixes",
"Swazi subject concords"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"Swazi lemmas",
"Swazi prefixes",
"Swazi subject concords"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Swazi"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog prefixes",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms without pronunciation template"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Baybayin spelling ᜃ)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "kaka-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + sama (“to accompany”) → kasama (“partner”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + opisina (“office”) → kaopisina (“coworker”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies companionship or partnership"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + mukha (“face”) → kamukha (“someone/something similar; look-alike”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + away (“fight”) → kaaway (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies similarity or interaction"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + sigaw (“shout”) → kasisigaw (“repeatedly shouting”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + isip (“mind, thought”) → kaiisip (“thinking a lot”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies repeated action"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with initial syllable repetition) implies repeated action"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with initial syllable repetition"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + punta (“going”) → kapupunta (“recently went”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + luto (“cooking, cuisine”) → kaluluto (“recently cooked”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies recent action"
],
"links": [
[
"lang",
"lang#Tajik"
],
[
"lamang",
"lamang#Tajik"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with initial syllable repetition, followed by lang or lamang) implies recent action"
],
"raw_tags": [
"followed by lang or lamang",
"with initial syllable repetition"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + galang (“respect”) → kagalang-galang (“inspiring great respect”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + paniwala (“belief”) → kapani-paniwala (“very plausible”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies causing or producing something in an extreme degree"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with initial two syllables repetition) implies causing or producing something in an extreme degree"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with initial two syllables repetition"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tnq",
"2": "awd-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Arawak *ka-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arw",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Lokono ka-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cab",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Garifuna ka-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Arawak *ka-. Cognate with Lokono ka-, Garifuna ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tnq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Taíno",
"lang_code": "tnq",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Taíno/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Taíno entries with incorrect language header",
"Taíno lemmas",
"Taíno prefixes",
"Taíno terms derived from Proto-Arawak",
"Taíno terms inherited from Proto-Arawak"
],
"glosses": [
"the (attributive prefix)"
],
"links": [
[
"the",
"the"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"Tooro lemmas",
"Tooro prefixes",
"Tooro pronominal concords",
"Tooro subject concords",
"Tooro terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Tooro terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*ká-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *ká-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *ká-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "pronominal concords",
"cat3": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "nyowe"
},
{
"word": "nye"
},
{
"word": "-ange"
},
{
"word": "n-"
},
{
"word": "-n-"
},
{
"word": "nanyowe"
},
{
"word": "nanye"
},
{
"word": "ninyowe"
},
{
"word": "ninye"
},
{
"word": "iwe"
},
{
"word": "-awe"
},
{
"word": "o-"
},
{
"word": "-ku-"
},
{
"word": "naiwe"
},
{
"word": "niiwe"
},
{
"word": "uwe"
},
{
"word": "-e"
},
{
"word": "a-"
},
{
"word": "-mu-"
},
{
"word": "nawe"
},
{
"word": "nuwe"
},
{
"word": "itwe"
},
{
"word": "-aitu"
},
{
"word": "tu-"
},
{
"word": "-tu-"
},
{
"word": "naitwe"
},
{
"word": "niitwe"
},
{
"word": "inywe"
},
{
"word": "-anyu"
},
{
"word": "mu-"
},
{
"word": "-ba-"
},
{
"word": "nainywe"
},
{
"word": "niinywe"
},
{
"word": "abo"
},
{
"word": "-abo"
},
{
"word": "ba-"
},
{
"word": "nabo"
},
{
"word": "nubo"
},
{
"word": "gwo"
},
{
"word": "-agwo"
},
{
"word": "gu-"
},
{
"word": "-gu-"
},
{
"word": "nagwo"
},
{
"word": "nugwo"
},
{
"word": "yo"
},
{
"word": "-ayo"
},
{
"word": "e-"
},
{
"word": "-gi-"
},
{
"word": "nayo"
},
{
"word": "niyo"
},
{
"word": "lyo"
},
{
"word": "-alyo"
},
{
"word": "li-"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "nalyo"
},
{
"word": "niryo"
},
{
"word": "go"
},
{
"word": "-ago"
},
{
"word": "ga-"
},
{
"word": "-ga-"
},
{
"word": "nago"
},
{
"word": "nugo"
},
{
"word": "kyo"
},
{
"word": "-akyo"
},
{
"word": "ki-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-"
},
{
"word": "nakyo"
},
{
"word": "nikyo"
},
{
"word": "byo"
},
{
"word": "-abyo"
},
{
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"word": "-bi-"
},
{
"word": "nabyo"
},
{
"word": "nibyo"
},
{
"word": "zo"
},
{
"word": "-azo"
},
{
"word": "zi-"
},
{
"word": "-zi-"
},
{
"word": "nazo"
},
{
"word": "nizo"
},
{
"word": "rwo"
},
{
"word": "-arwo"
},
{
"word": "ru-"
},
{
"word": "-ru-"
},
{
"word": "narwo"
},
{
"word": "nurwo"
},
{
"word": "ko"
},
{
"word": "-ako"
},
{
"word": "-ka-"
},
{
"word": "nako"
},
{
"word": "nuko"
},
{
"word": "two"
},
{
"word": "-atwo"
},
{
"word": "natwo"
},
{
"word": "nutwo"
},
{
"word": "bwo"
},
{
"word": "-abwo"
},
{
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"word": "-bu-"
},
{
"word": "nabwo"
},
{
"word": "nubwo"
},
{
"word": "kwo"
},
{
"word": "-akwo"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "nakwo"
},
{
"word": "nukwo"
},
{
"word": "ho"
},
{
"word": "-aho"
},
{
"word": "ha-"
},
{
"word": "-ha-"
},
{
"word": "naho"
},
{
"word": "nuho"
},
{
"word": "N/A"
},
{
"word": "ha-(...-yo)"
},
{
"word": "-amwo"
},
{
"word": "ha-(...-mu)"
},
{
"word": "numwo"
},
{
"word": "-enyini"
},
{
"word": "-onyini"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "-e-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -nu (“this, these”) → kanu (“this (class 12)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] pronominal concord"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -kora (“to do”) → kakora (“it (class 12) does”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"they; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] subject concord"
],
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -ha (“to give”) → kaha (“give it (class 12)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] object concord",
"word": "-ka-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positive imperative form of -ka- (“it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] object concord”)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ka-",
"-ka-#Tooro"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"morpheme",
"positive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "before /e/",
"word": "ke-"
},
{
"sense": "before /o/",
"word": "ko-"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"Xhosa lemmas",
"Xhosa prefixes",
"Xhosa subject concords"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"Xhosa lemmas",
"Xhosa prefixes",
"Xhosa subject concords"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Xhosa"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"Zulu lemmas",
"Zulu prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"Zulu lemmas",
"Zulu prefixes",
"Zulu subject concords"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ká-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords",
"head": "ká-"
},
"expansion": "ká-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Zulu"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"Zulu lemmas",
"Zulu prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "hortative",
"word": "ma-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ma- (hortative)"
],
"links": [
[
"ma-",
"ma-#Zulu"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ka- meaning in All languages combined (69.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Badlit spelling ᜃ",
"path": [
"ka-"
],
"section": "Cebuano",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ka-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Badlit spelling ᜃ",
"path": [
"ka-"
],
"section": "Cebuano",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ka-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: third-person singular animate ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) recent-past perfective marker",
"path": [
"ka-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ka-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] pronominal concord",
"path": [
"ka-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ka-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: they; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] subject concord",
"path": [
"ka-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ka-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: positive imperative form of -ka- (“it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] object concord”)",
"path": [
"ka-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ka-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.