See ka- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ka- meaning in All languages combined (51.3kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ker-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ker-"
],
"id": "en-ka--en-prefix-axsscyC4",
"links": [
[
"ker-",
"ker-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "kaka"
},
"expansion": "kaka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "ka",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare kaka and ka.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + kawat (“play”) → kakawat (“playmate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + iwal (“fight”) → kaiwal (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun that denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"id": "en-ka--bcl-prefix-AZ1Zewlb",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "kaka"
},
"expansion": "kaka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "ka",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare kaka and ka.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + dula (“play”) → kadula (“playmate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + away (“fight”) → kaaway (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun that denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"id": "en-ka--ceb-prefix-AZ1Zewlb",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + linaw (“calm”) → kalinaw (“calmness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + bugnaw (“cold”) → kabugnaw (“coldness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an adjective, forms a noun that denotes a state of being; -ness"
],
"id": "en-ka--ceb-prefix-HYkK8Ryt",
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "か"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of か"
],
"id": "en-ka--ja-romanization-6QZtPSYP",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"か",
"か#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦏ-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦏ-"
],
"id": "en-ka--jv-romanization-LPSpNdCW",
"links": [
[
"ꦏ-",
"ꦏ-#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "base",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "verb base"
},
"expansion": "ka- (verb base)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kangean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + gibe (“bring”) → kagibe (“(accidentally) taken along”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accidental aspect of the passive intransitive verb"
],
"id": "en-ka--kkv-prefix-EIhMO6bm",
"links": [
[
"accidental",
"accidental#English"
],
[
"aspect",
"aspect#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "min",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Minangkabau",
"lang_code": "min",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Minangkabau entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers"
],
"id": "en-ka--min-prefix-ycyAF8Wb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third person feminine/neuter agent pronominal prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--moh-prefix-6OqX7E5x",
"links": [
[
"third person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine#English"
],
[
"neuter",
"neuter#English"
],
[
"agent",
"agent#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"agent",
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"prefix",
"pronominal",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"noun prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--moh-prefix-DFTt~bTU",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form causative verbs"
],
"id": "en-ka--mkj-prefix-Cg44Fn8e",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka-/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers"
],
"id": "en-ka--mkj-prefix-ycyAF8Wb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka-/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Ndebele subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--nd-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Northern Ndebele"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gi-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian Old High German",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gi-"
],
"id": "en-ka--goh-prefix-XPxztJM0",
"links": [
[
"gi-",
"gi-#Old High German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Bavaria) Alternative form of gi-"
],
"tags": [
"Bavaria",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "k-",
"3": "ꦏ-",
"4": "ꦏꦼ-"
},
"expansion": "Javanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Javanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"passive verb-forming prefix"
],
"id": "en-ka--kaw-prefix-TbFYIaNb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bnt-phu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phuthi",
"lang_code": "bnt-phu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Phuthi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"id": "en-ka--bnt-phu-prefix-pJIuBTn2",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Probably related to South Efate go",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erk",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Efate",
"lang_code": "erk",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South Efate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"and (forms dependent verbs)"
],
"id": "en-ka--erk-prefix-tegn1wjG",
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--nr-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Southern Ndebele"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: ali-, ame-"
},
{
"english": "President Obama has left, let us not return to a life of shame",
"ref": "2013, “Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu”, in Mwananchi",
"text": "Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular animate ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) recent-past perfective marker"
],
"id": "en-ka--sw-prefix-TXSU0lFZ",
"related": [
{
"word": "Positive infinitive"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative infinitive"
},
{
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"word": "Habitual"
},
{
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"word": "Telegrammic"
},
{
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive"
],
"word": "General"
},
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "Positive subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-e"
},
{
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "Second person plural"
},
{
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"word": "Positive past"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "Positive present"
},
{
"word": "-na-"
},
{
"word": "Positive future"
},
{
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"word": "Negative subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"word": "Positive present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"word": "Negative present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"word": "Positive past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"word": "Negative past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"word": "Gnomic"
},
{
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"word": "Perfect"
},
{
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "past"
},
{
"word": "-lisha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "present"
},
{
"word": "-mesha-"
},
{
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"word": "Consecutive"
},
{
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative past"
},
{
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative future"
},
{
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"word": "Past"
},
{
"word": "Present"
},
{
"word": "Future"
},
{
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"word": "Negative"
},
{
"word": "-si-"
},
{
"word": "1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-"
},
{
"word": "-kw- in monosyllabic verbs"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
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}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*kà-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *kà-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Bantu *kà-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Swahili",
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{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun class 12 prefix, used with a diminutive or depreciative meaning"
],
"id": "en-ka--sw-prefix-i7sUCCJV",
"qualifier": "colloquial or dialect",
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial or dialect, nonstandard) noun class 12 prefix, used with a diminutive or depreciative meaning"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Swazi",
"lang_code": "ss",
"pos": "prefix",
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"id": "en-ka--ss-prefix-pJIuBTn2",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "ss",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
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],
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{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Swazi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swazi subject concords",
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"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--ss-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Swazi"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prefix",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "ka- (Baybayin spelling ᜃ)",
"name": "tl-head"
}
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kaka-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 27 19 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms without tl-pr template",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + sama (“to accompany”) → kasama (“partner”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + opisina (“office”) → kaopisina (“coworker”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies companionship or partnership when prefixed to a root"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-XeWh8EoR",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 32 19 12 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 32 20 12 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 27 19 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms without tl-pr template",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + mukha (“face”) → kamukha (“someone/something similar; look-alike”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + away (“fight”) → kaaway (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies similarity or interaction when prefixed to a root noun"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-muQYF1on",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 27 19 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms without tl-pr template",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + sigaw (“shout”) → kasisigaw (“repeatedly shouting”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + isip (“mind, thought”) → kaiisip (“thinking a lot”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies repeated action when prefixed to a root that repeats the first syllable"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-TPTYQG~o",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 27 19 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms without tl-pr template",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + galang (“respect”) → kagalang-galang (“inspiring great respect”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + paniwala (“belief”) → kapani-paniwala (“very plausible”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies causing or producing something in an extreme degree when prefixed to a root that repeats the first two syllables"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-7Z0t0V6y",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 27 19 14 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms without tl-pr template",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + punta (“going”) → kapupunta (“recently went”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + luto (“cooking, cuisine”) → kaluluto (“recently cooked”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"implies recent action when prefixed to a root that repeats the first syllable and followed by lang or lamang"
],
"id": "en-ka--tl-prefix-bUGZDF24",
"links": [
[
"lang",
"lang#Tajik"
],
[
"lamang",
"lamang#Tajik"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*ká-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *ká-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *ká-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "pronominal concords",
"cat3": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 31 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro pronominal concords",
"parents": [
"Pronominal concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 40 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -nu (“this, these”) → kanu (“this (class 12)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] pronominal concord"
],
"id": "en-ka--ttj-prefix-fy02BYkj",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 40 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -kora (“to do”) → kakora (“it (class 12) does”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"they; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] subject concord"
],
"id": "en-ka--ttj-prefix-VmetFy9R",
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "16 20 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
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],
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},
{
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"name": "Tooro subject concords",
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"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"text": "ka- + -ha (“to give”) → kaha (“give it (class 12)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
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{
"extra": "it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] object concord",
"word": "-ka-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positive imperative form of -ka- (“it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] object concord”)"
],
"id": "en-ka--ttj-prefix-pgvvlUgU",
"links": [
[
"-ka-",
"-ka-#Tooro"
]
],
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{
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"word": "nyowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ange"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
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"word": "nanyowe"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ku-"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niiwe"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-mu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nawe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nuwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "itwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-aitu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "tu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-tu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "naitwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niitwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "inywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-anyu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "mu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ba-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nainywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niinywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "abo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ba-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nubo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "gwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-agwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "gu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-gu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nagwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nugwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "yo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "e-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-gi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "lyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-alyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nalyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niryo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "go"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ago"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ga-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ga-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nago"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nugo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "kyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-akyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ki-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ki-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nakyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nikyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "byo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-bi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nibyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "zo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-azo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "zi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-zi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nizo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "rwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-arwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ru-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ru-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "narwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nurwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ako"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nako"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nuko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "two"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-atwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "natwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nutwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-bu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nubwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "kwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-akwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nakwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nukwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-aho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "naho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nuho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "N/A"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-(...-yo)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-amwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-(...-mu)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "numwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-enyini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-onyini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "—"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-e-"
}
],
"tags": [
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"imperative",
"morpheme",
"positive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"sense": "before /e/",
"word": "ke-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"sense": "before /o/",
"word": "ko-"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-ka--xh-prefix-pJIuBTn2",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--xh-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Xhosa"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 42 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"id": "en-ka--zu-prefix-pJIuBTn2",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ká-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords",
"head": "ká-"
},
"expansion": "ká-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 42 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"id": "en-ka--zu-prefix-z~yr2CpM",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Zulu"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "hortative",
"word": "ma-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 42 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ma- (hortative)"
],
"id": "en-ka--zu-prefix-SHqdmAl8",
"links": [
[
"ma-",
"ma-#Zulu"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tnq",
"2": "awd-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Arawak *ka-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "arw",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Lokono ka-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cab",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Garifuna ka-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Arawak *ka-. Cognate with Lokono ka-, Garifuna ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tnq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Taíno",
"lang_code": "tnq",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Taíno/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taíno entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the (attributive prefix)"
],
"id": "en-ka--tnq-prefix-aUYq77pb",
"links": [
[
"the",
"the"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke-"
},
"expansion": "Malay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Malay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tagalog: ka-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"marker of past time in temporal expressions"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-Pro-txLa",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*ma-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stative marker in irrealis constructions"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-FXVN5n5Z",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"extremely; superlative"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-hniNFd1L",
"links": [
[
"extremely",
"extremely"
],
[
"superlative",
"superlative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mate, partner, cohort"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-2WzLymam",
"links": [
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"partner",
"partner"
],
[
"cohort",
"cohort"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"formative for abstract nouns of quality"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-hLgtvfch",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manner in which an action is carried out"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-xbh2HG29",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 11 5 19 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle, achieved state"
],
"id": "en-ka--poz-pro-prefix-LfDDgyZ~",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kańu",
"3": "*kańusï",
"der": "1",
"t": "which",
"t2": "which of"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kańu (“which”), *kańusï (“which of”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kańu (“which”), *kańusï (“which of”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَنُو",
"tr": "qanū"
},
"expansion": "قَنُو (qanū)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Arghu: قَنُو (qanū)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qânı",
"3": "qânısı"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qânı, qânısı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qânı, qânısı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hansı"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hansı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hansı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gaysı"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gaysı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gaysı"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "haýsy"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: haýsy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: haýsy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "خَيُو",
"tr": "xayū"
},
"expansion": "خَيُو (xayū)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Old Khalaj: خَيُو (xayū) (11th ce.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَيُو",
"tr": "qayū"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَيُو (qayū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَيُو (qayū)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قَني",
"3": "قايسي"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قَني, قايسي",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قَني, قايسي"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قېنى",
"3": "قايسى"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قېنى (qëni), قايسى (qaysi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قېنى (qëni), قايسى (qaysi)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "قَنی",
"3": "قَیسی"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: قَنی, قَیسی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: قَنی, قَیسی"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak: *kay(ï), *kay(ï)sï"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡайһы"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡайһы (qayhı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡайһы (qayhı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайсы (qaysı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайсы (qaysı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "qaysı"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: qaysı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: qaysı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karaim:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Kumyk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қай",
"3": "қайсы"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қай (qai), қайсы (qaisy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қай (qai), қайсы (qaisy)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "кай",
"3": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кай",
"3": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"tr": "qanu, qayu"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qanu, qayu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qanu, qayu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Dolgan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хая"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хая (qaya)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хая (qaya)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tofa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tuvan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хайзы"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хайзы (xayzı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хайзы (xayzı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қайзы",
"tr": "qayzï"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қайзы (qayzï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қайзы (qayzï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz-pro",
"2": "*kangï",
"3": "*kangïsï",
"der": "1",
"t": "which",
"t2": "which of"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *kangï (“which”), *kangïsï (“which of”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *kangï (“which”), *kangïsï (“which of”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَنگي",
"3": "قَنگِسي"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنگي, قَنگِسي",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنگي, قَنگِسي"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hankı",
"tr": "dialect, qaradagh"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hankı (dialect, qaradagh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hankı (dialect, qaradagh)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "هانکی"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: هانکی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: هانکی"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Gagauz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "hangi"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: hangi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: hangi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanta",
"der": "1",
"t": "where"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanta (“where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanta (“where”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "قانده"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: قانده",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: قانده"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "خَنْدا",
"tr": "xandā"
},
"expansion": "خَنْدا (xandā)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Old Khalaj: خَنْدا (xandā) (11th ce.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gayda"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gayda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gayda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَنْدا",
"tr": "qandā"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَنْدا (qandā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَنْدا (qandā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀 (qn¹t¹a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀 (qn¹t¹a)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanï",
"der": "1",
"t": "where"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanï (“where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanï (“where”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qânı"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qânı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qânı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَنى"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنى",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنى"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hanı"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hanı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hanı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "هنی"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: هنی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: هنی"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "hani"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: hani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: hani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قانى",
"3": "قَنیٖ",
"tr": "qānï",
"tr2": "qanï"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قانى (qānï), قَنیٖ (qanï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قانى (qānï), قَنیٖ (qanï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰣𐰃"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐰃 (qn¹i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐰃 (qn¹i)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kačan",
"der": "1",
"t": "when"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kačan (“when”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kačan (“when”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qaçân"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qaçân",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qaçân"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَچَن"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَچَن",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَچَن"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "هاچان"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: هاچان",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: هاچان"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gaçañ"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gaçañ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gaçañ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "قایچان"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: قایچان",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: قایچان"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡасан"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡасан (qasan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡасан (qasan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайчан"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайчан (qayçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайчан (qayçan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қашан"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қашан (qaşan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қашан (qaşan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: качан (kacan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: качан (kacan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: качан (kačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: качан (kačan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "каһан",
"tr": "kahan"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: каһан (kahan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: каһан (kahan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хаһан"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хаһан (qahan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хаһан (qahan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қачан",
"tr": "qačan"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қачан (qačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қачан (qačan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хаӌан"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хаӌан (xacan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хаӌан (xacan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "qačan"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: qačan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: qačan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "каджан",
"3": "кайджан",
"4": "каччан",
"5": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: каджан (kadžan), кайджан (kaydžan), каччан (kaččan), качан (kačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: каджан (kadžan), кайджан (kaydžan), каччан (kaččan), качан (kačan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kandïn",
"der": "1",
"t": "from where?"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kandïn (“from where?”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kandïn (“from where?”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰦𐰣"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰦𐰣 (qntn¹)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰦𐰣 (qntn¹)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ka-",
"t": "interrogative stem"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ka- (“interrogative stem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*xa-",
"t": "interrogative stem"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *xa- (“interrogative stem”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compared to Proto-Mongolic *ka- (“interrogative stem”),\nProto-Tungusic *xa- (“interrogative stem”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaŋa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kantan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaŋaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanlayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanlïgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ka-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic interrogative pronouns",
"parents": [
"Interrogative pronouns",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Pronouns",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Interrogative stem."
],
"id": "en-ka--trk-pro-pron-3NE5GOpt",
"links": [
[
"Interrogative",
"interrogative"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*nē-"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "kaka"
},
"expansion": "kaka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "ka",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare kaka and ka.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"Bikol Central lemmas",
"Bikol Central prefixes"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + kawat (“play”) → kakawat (“playmate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + iwal (“fight”) → kaiwal (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun that denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "kaka"
},
"expansion": "kaka",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "ka"
},
"expansion": "ka",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare kaka and ka.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + dula (“play”) → kadula (“playmate”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + away (“fight”) → kaaway (“enemy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a noun that denotes partnership or companionship; co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + linaw (“calm”) → kalinaw (“calmness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "ka- + bugnaw (“cold”) → kabugnaw (“coldness”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to an adjective, forms a noun that denotes a state of being; -ness"
],
"links": [
[
"-ness",
"-ness#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ker-"
}
],
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ker-"
],
"links": [
[
"ker-",
"ker-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "か"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of か"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"か",
"か#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦏ-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Javanese non-lemma forms",
"Javanese romanizations",
"Javanese terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦏ-"
],
"links": [
[
"ꦏ-",
"ꦏ-#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "base",
"tags": [
"verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kkv",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "verb base"
},
"expansion": "ka- (verb base)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Kangean",
"lang_code": "kkv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kangean entries with incorrect language header",
"Kangean lemmas",
"Kangean prefixes",
"Kangean terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + gibe (“bring”) → kagibe (“(accidentally) taken along”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accidental aspect of the passive intransitive verb"
],
"links": [
[
"accidental",
"accidental#English"
],
[
"aspect",
"aspect#English"
],
[
"passive",
"passive#English"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "min",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Minangkabau",
"lang_code": "min",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Minangkabau entries with incorrect language header",
"Minangkabau lemmas",
"Minangkabau prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
"Mohawk lemmas",
"Mohawk prefixes"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"third person feminine/neuter agent pronominal prefix"
],
"links": [
[
"third person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine#English"
],
[
"neuter",
"neuter#English"
],
[
"agent",
"agent#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"agent",
"feminine",
"morpheme",
"neuter",
"prefix",
"pronominal",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mohawk entries with incorrect language header",
"Mohawk lemmas",
"Mohawk prefixes"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "moh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mohawk",
"lang_code": "moh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"noun prefix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"Mokilese lemmas",
"Mokilese prefixes",
"Mokilese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form causative verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka-/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"Mokilese lemmas",
"Mokilese prefixes",
"Mokilese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form ordinal numbers"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka-/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Ndebele lemmas",
"Northern Ndebele prefixes",
"Northern Ndebele subject concords"
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Northern Ndebele"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gi-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Bavarian Old High German",
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gi-"
],
"links": [
[
"gi-",
"gi-#Old High German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Bavaria) Alternative form of gi-"
],
"tags": [
"Bavaria",
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "k-",
"3": "ꦏ-",
"4": "ꦏꦼ-"
},
"expansion": "Javanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Javanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese prefixes",
"Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Old Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Old Javanese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"passive verb-forming prefix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bnt-phu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Phuthi",
"lang_code": "bnt-phu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Phuthi entries with incorrect language header",
"Phuthi lemmas",
"Phuthi prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"-ly; forms adverbs of manner from adjectives and relatives."
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian lemmas",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian prefixes",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Proto-Malayo-Polynesian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "ke-"
},
"expansion": "Malay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Malay: ke-\nIndonesian: ke-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Old Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Javanese: ka-\nJavanese: k-, ꦏ- (ka-), ꦏꦼ- (ke-)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "ka-"
},
"expansion": "Tagalog: ka-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tagalog: ka-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*ka-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ka-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Austronesian *ka-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/ka-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"marker of past time in temporal expressions"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*ma-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stative marker in irrealis constructions"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"extremely; superlative"
],
"links": [
[
"extremely",
"extremely"
],
[
"superlative",
"superlative"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"mate, partner, cohort"
],
"links": [
[
"mate",
"mate"
],
[
"partner",
"partner"
],
[
"cohort",
"cohort"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"formative for abstract nouns of quality"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"manner in which an action is carried out"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"past participle, achieved state"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kańu",
"3": "*kańusï",
"der": "1",
"t": "which",
"t2": "which of"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kańu (“which”), *kańusï (“which of”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kańu (“which”), *kańusï (“which of”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَنُو",
"tr": "qanū"
},
"expansion": "قَنُو (qanū)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Arghu: قَنُو (qanū)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qânı",
"3": "qânısı"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qânı, qânısı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qânı, qânısı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hansı"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hansı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hansı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gaysı"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gaysı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gaysı"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "haýsy"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: haýsy",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: haýsy"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "خَيُو",
"tr": "xayū"
},
"expansion": "خَيُو (xayū)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Old Khalaj: خَيُو (xayū) (11th ce.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَيُو",
"tr": "qayū"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَيُو (qayū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَيُو (qayū)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "قَني",
"3": "قايسي"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: قَني, قايسي",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: قَني, قايسي"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "قېنى",
"3": "قايسى"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: قېنى (qëni), قايسى (qaysi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: قېنى (qëni), قايسى (qaysi)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "قَنی",
"3": "قَیسی"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: قَنی, قَیسی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: قَنی, قَیسی"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak: *kay(ï), *kay(ï)sï"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡайһы"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡайһы (qayhı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡайһы (qayhı)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайсы (qaysı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайсы (qaysı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": "qaysı"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar: qaysı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar: qaysı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karaim:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Kumyk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қай",
"3": "қайсы"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қай (qai), қайсы (qaisy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қай (qai), қайсы (qaisy)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "кай",
"3": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "кай",
"3": "кайсы"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: кай (kay), кайсы (kaysï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oui",
"tr": "qanu, qayu"
},
"expansion": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qanu, qayu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Uyghur: [script needed] (qanu, qayu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Dolgan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хая"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хая (qaya)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хая (qaya)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sayan:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kim",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tofa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tofa:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tyv",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tuvan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хайзы"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хайзы (xayzı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хайзы (xayzı)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қайзы",
"tr": "qayzï"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қайзы (qayzï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қайзы (qayzï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-ogz-pro",
"2": "*kangï",
"3": "*kangïsï",
"der": "1",
"t": "which",
"t2": "which of"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *kangï (“which”), *kangïsï (“which of”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Oghuz: *kangï (“which”), *kangïsï (“which of”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَنگي",
"3": "قَنگِسي"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنگي, قَنگِسي",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنگي, قَنگِسي"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hankı",
"tr": "dialect, qaradagh"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hankı (dialect, qaradagh)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hankı (dialect, qaradagh)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "هانکی"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: هانکی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: هانکی"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Gagauz:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "hangi"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: hangi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: hangi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanta",
"der": "1",
"t": "where"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanta (“where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanta (“where”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "قانده"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: قانده",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: قانده"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "خَنْدا",
"tr": "xandā"
},
"expansion": "خَنْدا (xandā)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Old Khalaj: خَنْدا (xandā) (11th ce.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gayda"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gayda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gayda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قَنْدا",
"tr": "qandā"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قَنْدا (qandā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قَنْدا (qandā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀 (qn¹t¹a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐱃𐰀 (qn¹t¹a)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kanï",
"der": "1",
"t": "where"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanï (“where”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kanï (“where”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qânı"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qânı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qânı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَنى"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنى",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَنى"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "hanı"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: hanı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: hanı"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "هنی"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: هنی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: هنی"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "hani"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: hani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: hani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "قانى",
"3": "قَنیٖ",
"tr": "qānï",
"tr2": "qanï"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: قانى (qānï), قَنیٖ (qanï)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: قانى (qānï), قَنیٖ (qanï)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰣𐰃"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐰃 (qn¹i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰣𐰃 (qn¹i)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kačan",
"der": "1",
"t": "when"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kačan (“when”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kačan (“when”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arghu:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "qaçân"
},
"expansion": "Khalaj: qaçân",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khalaj: qaçân"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": "قَچَن"
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَچَن",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: قَچَن"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "هاچان"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: هاچان",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: هاچان"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "gaçañ"
},
"expansion": "Salar: gaçañ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: gaçañ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "haçan"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: haçan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: haçan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qwm",
"2": "قایچان"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak: قایچان",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kipchak: قایچان"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "ҡасан"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: ҡасан (qasan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: ҡасан (qasan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "кайчан"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: кайчан (qayçan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: кайчан (qayçan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "қашан"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: қашан (qaşan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: қашан (qaşan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: качан (kacan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: качан (kacan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: качан (kačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: качан (kačan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlg",
"2": "каһан",
"tr": "kahan"
},
"expansion": "Dolgan: каһан (kahan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dolgan: каһан (kahan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "хаһан"
},
"expansion": "Yakut: хаһан (qahan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yakut: хаһан (qahan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Siberian"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Yenisei"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cjs",
"2": "қачан",
"tr": "qačan"
},
"expansion": "Shor: қачан (qačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shor: қачан (qačan)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "хаӌан"
},
"expansion": "Khakas: хаӌан (xacan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khakas: хаӌан (xacan)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ybe",
"2": "qačan"
},
"expansion": "Western Yugur: qačan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Western Yugur: qačan"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "atv",
"2": "каджан",
"3": "кайджан",
"4": "каччан",
"5": "качан"
},
"expansion": "Northern Altai: каджан (kadžan), кайджан (kaydžan), каччан (kaččan), качан (kačan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Altai: каджан (kadžan), кайджан (kaydžan), каччан (kaččan), качан (kačan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*kandïn",
"der": "1",
"t": "from where?"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kandïn (“from where?”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Turkic: *kandïn (“from where?”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰴𐰦𐰣"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰦𐰣 (qntn¹)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰦𐰣 (qntn¹)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ka-",
"t": "interrogative stem"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ka- (“interrogative stem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*xa-",
"t": "interrogative stem"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *xa- (“interrogative stem”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compared to Proto-Mongolic *ka- (“interrogative stem”),\nProto-Tungusic *xa- (“interrogative stem”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanï",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanïŋ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaŋa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kantan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaŋaru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanïn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanča",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"equative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanlayu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kanlïgu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "interrogative pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ka-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic interrogative pronouns",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic pronouns",
"Requests for native script for Old Uyghur terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Interrogative stem."
],
"links": [
[
"Interrogative",
"interrogative"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*nē-"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Probably related to South Efate go",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erk",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "South Efate",
"lang_code": "erk",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"South Efate entries with incorrect language header",
"South Efate lemmas",
"South Efate prefixes",
"South Efate terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"and (forms dependent verbs)"
],
"links": [
[
"and",
"and"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka/"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Southern Ndebele lemmas",
"Southern Ndebele prefixes",
"Southern Ndebele subject concords"
],
"glosses": [
"he, she, it; class 1 subject concord; form of u- used when another prefix precedes."
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
],
[
"it",
"it"
],
[
"u-",
"u-#Southern Ndebele"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili prefixes",
"Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Swahili terms with audio links"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ka-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "Positive infinitive"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "kw-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative infinitive"
},
{
"word": "kuto-"
},
{
"word": "Habitual"
},
{
"word": "hu-1"
},
{
"word": "Telegrammic"
},
{
"word": "ka-1"
},
{
"tags": [
"indicative",
"positive"
],
"word": "General"
},
{
"word": "-a"
},
{
"word": "Positive subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-e"
},
{
"word": "Negative present"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "Second person plural"
},
{
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"word": "Positive past"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "Positive present"
},
{
"word": "-na-"
},
{
"word": "Positive future"
},
{
"word": "-ta-"
},
{
"word": "Negative subjunctive"
},
{
"word": "-si-1"
},
{
"word": "Positive present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-nge-"
},
{
"word": "Negative present conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singe-"
},
{
"word": "Positive past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-ngali-"
},
{
"word": "Negative past conditional"
},
{
"word": "-singali-"
},
{
"word": "Gnomic"
},
{
"word": "-a-1"
},
{
"word": "Perfect"
},
{
"word": "-me-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "past"
},
{
"word": "-lisha-"
},
{
"english": "Already",
"word": "present"
},
{
"word": "-mesha-"
},
{
"word": "-sha-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-1"
},
{
"word": "-sipo-"
},
{
"word": "Consecutive"
},
{
"word": "-ka-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative past"
},
{
"word": "-ku-1"
},
{
"word": "Negative future"
},
{
"word": "-ja-1"
},
{
"word": "Past"
},
{
"word": "Present"
},
{
"word": "Future"
},
{
"word": "-taka-"
},
{
"word": "Negative"
},
{
"word": "-si-"
},
{
"word": "1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-"
},
{
"word": "-kw- in monosyllabic verbs"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swahili terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: ali-, ame-"
},
{
"english": "President Obama has left, let us not return to a life of shame",
"ref": "2013, “Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu”, in Mwananchi",
"text": "Rais Obama kaondoka, tusirudie maisha ya aibu",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular animate ([[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#M-wa class|m class_((I))]]) recent-past perfective marker"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-ka.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Sw-ke-ka.flac/Sw-ke-ka.flac.ogg",
"tags": [
"Kenya"
],
"text": "Audio (Kenya)"
}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili lemmas",
"Swahili prefixes",
"Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Swahili terms with audio links"
],
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"audio": "Sw-ke-ka.flac",
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"text": "ka- + paniwala (“belief”) → kapani-paniwala (“very plausible”)",
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]
},
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"text": "ka- + punta (“going”) → kapupunta (“recently went”)",
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{
"text": "ka- + luto (“cooking, cuisine”) → kaluluto (“recently cooked”)",
"type": "example"
}
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],
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"lang",
"lang#Tajik"
],
[
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"lamang#Tajik"
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"word": "-n-"
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{
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{
"word": "ba-"
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"word": "nabo"
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{
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{
"word": "-gu-"
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{
"word": "nagwo"
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{
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{
"word": "-ayo"
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{
"word": "e-"
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{
"word": "-gi-"
},
{
"word": "nayo"
},
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"word": "niyo"
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{
"word": "lyo"
},
{
"word": "-alyo"
},
{
"word": "li-"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "nalyo"
},
{
"word": "niryo"
},
{
"word": "go"
},
{
"word": "-ago"
},
{
"word": "ga-"
},
{
"word": "-ga-"
},
{
"word": "nago"
},
{
"word": "nugo"
},
{
"word": "kyo"
},
{
"word": "-akyo"
},
{
"word": "ki-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-"
},
{
"word": "nakyo"
},
{
"word": "nikyo"
},
{
"word": "byo"
},
{
"word": "-abyo"
},
{
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"word": "-bi-"
},
{
"word": "nabyo"
},
{
"word": "nibyo"
},
{
"word": "zo"
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"word": "-azo"
},
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"word": "zi-"
},
{
"word": "-zi-"
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{
"word": "nazo"
},
{
"word": "nizo"
},
{
"word": "rwo"
},
{
"word": "-arwo"
},
{
"word": "ru-"
},
{
"word": "-ru-"
},
{
"word": "narwo"
},
{
"word": "nurwo"
},
{
"word": "ko"
},
{
"word": "-ako"
},
{
"word": "-ka-"
},
{
"word": "nako"
},
{
"word": "nuko"
},
{
"word": "two"
},
{
"word": "-atwo"
},
{
"word": "natwo"
},
{
"word": "nutwo"
},
{
"word": "bwo"
},
{
"word": "-abwo"
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{
"word": "bu-"
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{
"word": "-bu-"
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{
"word": "nabwo"
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"word": "nubwo"
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"word": "kwo"
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{
"word": "nakwo"
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{
"word": "nukwo"
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{
"word": "-aho"
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{
"word": "ha-"
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{
"word": "-ha-"
},
{
"word": "naho"
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{
"word": "nuho"
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{
"word": "N/A"
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"word": "ha-(...-yo)"
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{
"word": "-amwo"
},
{
"word": "ha-(...-mu)"
},
{
"word": "numwo"
},
{
"word": "-enyini"
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{
"word": "-onyini"
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{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "-e-"
}
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"examples": [
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"text": "ka- + -nu (“this, these”) → kanu (“this (class 12)”)",
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"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] pronominal concord"
],
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},
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"text": "ka- + -kora (“to do”) → kakora (“it (class 12) does”)",
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}
],
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"they; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_12|class 12]] subject concord"
],
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]
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"morpheme"
]
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{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ka- + -ha (“to give”) → kaha (“give it (class 12)”)",
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}
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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]
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}
],
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"word": "ke-"
},
{
"sense": "before /o/",
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}
],
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}
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"-ly"
]
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"he"
],
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"she",
"she"
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"it",
"it"
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"u-",
"u-#Xhosa"
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}
],
"word": "ka-"
}
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"Zulu lemmas",
"Zulu prefixes"
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"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
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{
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"extra": "hortative",
"word": "ma-"
}
],
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"Alternative form of ma- (hortative)"
],
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"morpheme"
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}
],
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}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.