See ru- on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
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"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ru-",
"name": "head"
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],
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{
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{
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{
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"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
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"orig": "chk:Two",
"parents": [
"Numbers",
"All topics",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"two"
],
"id": "en-ru--chk-prefix-P8TM~nRY",
"links": [
[
"two",
"two"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "prefix"
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"expansion": "ru-",
"name": "head"
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],
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"lang_code": "kpc",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Curripaco entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
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"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
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{
"_dis": "20 29 13 18 18 1 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third person singular feminine agent marker"
],
"id": "en-ru--kpc-prefix-y8kNCotR",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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}
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*dʊ́-dʊ̀-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-dʊ̀-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-dʊ̀-.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "sn",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "ru-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Shona",
"lang_code": "sn",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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"Class 11 noun prefix."
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"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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}
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"args": {
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"2": "verb"
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"expansion": "ru-",
"name": "head"
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],
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"lang_code": "xto",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
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],
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"to open"
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"id": "en-ru--xto-verb-nJHqs-jy",
"links": [
[
"open",
"open"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
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{
"args": {
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"2": "verb"
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"expansion": "ru-",
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"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
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"source": "w"
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],
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"to open"
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"id": "en-ru--txb-verb-nJHqs-jy",
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[
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"open"
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}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "pronominal concords",
"cat3": "subject concords"
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"name": "head"
}
],
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"pos": "prefix",
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{
"categories": [
{
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}
],
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{
"text": "ru- + -nu (“this, these”) → runu (“this (class 11)”)",
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}
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"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] pronominal concord"
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"morpheme"
]
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{
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}
],
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{
"text": "ru- + -kora (“to do”) → rukora (“it (class 11) does”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
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"it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] subject concord"
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[
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"morpheme"
]
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"Concords",
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}
],
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{
"text": "ru- + -ha (“to give”) → ruha (“give it (class 11)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
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{
"extra": "it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] object concord",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"positive imperative form of -ru- (“it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] object concord”)"
],
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"links": [
[
"-ru-",
"-ru-#Tooro"
]
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nyowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ange"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nawe"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-tu-"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "inywe"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nainywe"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niinywe"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "abo"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abo"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ba-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nubo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "gwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-agwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "gu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-gu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nagwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nugwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "yo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "e-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-gi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niyo"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "lyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-alyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nalyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "niryo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "go"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ago"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ga-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ga-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nago"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nugo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "kyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-akyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ki-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ki-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nakyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nikyo"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "byo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abyo"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bi-"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-bi-"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabyo"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nibyo"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "zo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-azo"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "zi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-zi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nizo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "rwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-arwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ru-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "narwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nurwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ako"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nako"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nuko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "two"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-atwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "natwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nutwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-abwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-bu-"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nabwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nubwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "kwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-akwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nakwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nukwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-aho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-ha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "naho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "nuho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "N/A"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-(...-yo)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-amwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "ha-(...-mu)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "numwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-enyini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-onyini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "—"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "-e-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"word": "Ru-"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100",
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "rw-"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"morpheme",
"positive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɾu-/"
}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
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],
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{
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"Pages with entries",
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"two"
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[
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"two"
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"tags": [
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}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
{
"categories": [
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{
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"expansion": "ru-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Curripaco",
"lang_code": "kpc",
"pos": "prefix",
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{
"categories": [
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"Curripaco lemmas",
"Curripaco prefixes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"third person singular feminine agent marker"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries"
],
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{
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"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*dʊ́-dʊ̀-"
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"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-dʊ̀-",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-dʊ̀-.",
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"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
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"expansion": "ru-",
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],
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"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries"
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "verb"
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],
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"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
"Tocharian A lemmas",
"Tocharian A verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to open"
],
"links": [
[
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"open"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries"
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ru-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tocharian B",
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"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Tocharian B entries with incorrect language header",
"Tocharian B lemmas",
"Tocharian B verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to open"
],
"links": [
[
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"open"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"Tooro lemmas",
"Tooro prefixes",
"Tooro pronominal concords",
"Tooro subject concords",
"Tooro terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Tooro terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
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{
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"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*dʊ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *dʊ́-.",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "pronominal concords",
"cat3": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "ru-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "nyowe"
},
{
"word": "nye"
},
{
"word": "-ange"
},
{
"word": "n-"
},
{
"word": "-n-"
},
{
"word": "nanyowe"
},
{
"word": "nanye"
},
{
"word": "ninyowe"
},
{
"word": "ninye"
},
{
"word": "iwe"
},
{
"word": "-awe"
},
{
"word": "o-"
},
{
"word": "-ku-"
},
{
"word": "naiwe"
},
{
"word": "niiwe"
},
{
"word": "uwe"
},
{
"word": "-e"
},
{
"word": "a-"
},
{
"word": "-mu-"
},
{
"word": "nawe"
},
{
"word": "nuwe"
},
{
"word": "itwe"
},
{
"word": "-aitu"
},
{
"word": "tu-"
},
{
"word": "-tu-"
},
{
"word": "naitwe"
},
{
"word": "niitwe"
},
{
"word": "inywe"
},
{
"word": "-anyu"
},
{
"word": "mu-"
},
{
"word": "-ba-"
},
{
"word": "nainywe"
},
{
"word": "niinywe"
},
{
"word": "abo"
},
{
"word": "-abo"
},
{
"word": "ba-"
},
{
"word": "nabo"
},
{
"word": "nubo"
},
{
"word": "gwo"
},
{
"word": "-agwo"
},
{
"word": "gu-"
},
{
"word": "-gu-"
},
{
"word": "nagwo"
},
{
"word": "nugwo"
},
{
"word": "yo"
},
{
"word": "-ayo"
},
{
"word": "e-"
},
{
"word": "-gi-"
},
{
"word": "nayo"
},
{
"word": "niyo"
},
{
"word": "lyo"
},
{
"word": "-alyo"
},
{
"word": "li-"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "nalyo"
},
{
"word": "niryo"
},
{
"word": "go"
},
{
"word": "-ago"
},
{
"word": "ga-"
},
{
"word": "-ga-"
},
{
"word": "nago"
},
{
"word": "nugo"
},
{
"word": "kyo"
},
{
"word": "-akyo"
},
{
"word": "ki-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-"
},
{
"word": "nakyo"
},
{
"word": "nikyo"
},
{
"word": "byo"
},
{
"word": "-abyo"
},
{
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"word": "-bi-"
},
{
"word": "nabyo"
},
{
"word": "nibyo"
},
{
"word": "zo"
},
{
"word": "-azo"
},
{
"word": "zi-"
},
{
"word": "-zi-"
},
{
"word": "nazo"
},
{
"word": "nizo"
},
{
"word": "rwo"
},
{
"word": "-arwo"
},
{
"word": "-ru-"
},
{
"word": "narwo"
},
{
"word": "nurwo"
},
{
"word": "ko"
},
{
"word": "-ako"
},
{
"word": "ka-"
},
{
"word": "-ka-"
},
{
"word": "nako"
},
{
"word": "nuko"
},
{
"word": "two"
},
{
"word": "-atwo"
},
{
"word": "natwo"
},
{
"word": "nutwo"
},
{
"word": "bwo"
},
{
"word": "-abwo"
},
{
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"word": "-bu-"
},
{
"word": "nabwo"
},
{
"word": "nubwo"
},
{
"word": "kwo"
},
{
"word": "-akwo"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "nakwo"
},
{
"word": "nukwo"
},
{
"word": "ho"
},
{
"word": "-aho"
},
{
"word": "ha-"
},
{
"word": "-ha-"
},
{
"word": "naho"
},
{
"word": "nuho"
},
{
"word": "N/A"
},
{
"word": "ha-(...-yo)"
},
{
"word": "-amwo"
},
{
"word": "ha-(...-mu)"
},
{
"word": "numwo"
},
{
"word": "-enyini"
},
{
"word": "-onyini"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "-e-"
},
{
"word": "Ru-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ru- + -nu (“this, these”) → runu (“this (class 11)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] pronominal concord"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ru- + -kora (“to do”) → rukora (“it (class 11) does”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] subject concord"
],
"links": [
[
"it",
"it"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ru- + -ha (“to give”) → ruha (“give it (class 11)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] object concord",
"word": "-ru-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"positive imperative form of -ru- (“it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] object concord”)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ru-",
"-ru-#Tooro"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"morpheme",
"positive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɾu-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "rw-"
}
],
"word": "ru-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ru- meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] pronominal concord",
"path": [
"ru-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ru-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] subject concord",
"path": [
"ru-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ru-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: positive imperative form of -ru- (“it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_11|class 11]] object concord”)",
"path": [
"ru-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "ru-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.