See e- on Wiktionary
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"text": "e.g. eluviation, edentulous, elenge"
}
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[
"computerized",
"computerized"
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"Internet"
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"text": "e-stop, e-brake"
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{
"args": {
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"(electronics) Used to prefix items that are embedded into devices, instead of being discrete or removable elements."
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"word": "e-julkaisu"
},
{
"word": "e-kirja"
},
{
"word": "e-lehti"
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{
"word": "e-liiketoiminta"
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{
"word": "e-opetus"
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{
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"e-",
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}
],
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{
"ipa": "[ˈe̞ː]"
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{
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{
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[
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{
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},
{
"ipa": "/e/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛː]",
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}
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}
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{
"word": "emen"
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{
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"number prefix for one"
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[
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"4": "",
"5": "",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "e- (class A infixed pronoun)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "A"
},
"expansion": "e- (class A infixed pronoun)",
"name": "sga-infixed pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "him, it",
"word": "a-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 19 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of a- (“him, it”)"
],
"id": "en-e--sga-prefix-eXAvzavr",
"links": [
[
"a-",
"a-#Old_Irish"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "1 sing"
},
{
"word": "m-L"
},
{
"word": "dom-L"
},
{
"word": "dam-L"
},
{
"word": "-um"
},
{
"word": "2 sing"
},
{
"word": "t-L"
},
{
"word": "dot-L"
},
{
"word": "dat-L"
},
{
"word": "dut-L"
},
{
"word": "dit-L"
},
{
"word": "-ut"
},
{
"word": "3 sing. m."
},
{
"word": "a-N"
},
{
"word": "e-N"
},
{
"word": "d-N"
},
{
"word": "id-N"
},
{
"word": "did-N"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-it"
},
{
"word": "3 sing. f."
},
{
"word": "s-(N)"
},
{
"word": "da-"
},
{
"word": "-us"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "3 sing"
},
{
"word": "a-L"
},
{
"word": "e-L"
},
{
"word": "d-L"
},
{
"word": "id-L"
},
{
"word": "did-L"
},
{
"word": "1 pl"
},
{
"word": "n-"
},
{
"word": "don-"
},
{
"word": "dun-"
},
{
"word": "dan-"
},
{
"word": "-unn"
},
{
"word": "2 pl"
},
{
"word": "b-"
},
{
"word": "dob-"
},
{
"word": "dub-"
},
{
"word": "dab-"
},
{
"word": "-uib"
},
{
"word": "3 pl"
},
{
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
],
"word": "L means this form triggers lenition.N means this form triggers nasalization(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others."
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"class-A",
"infix",
"morpheme",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English e-",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 19 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + papier → e-papier",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"e-, as relating to electronics or the internet"
],
"id": "en-e--pl-prefix-J9MATib-",
"links": [
[
"e-",
"e-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "em- used before M and N"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of em- used before M and N"
],
"id": "en-e--pt-prefix-iKZr8pvB",
"links": [
[
"em-",
"em-#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "outward motion",
"word": "ex-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ex- (outward motion)"
],
"id": "en-e--pt-prefix-fgfR8e4M",
"links": [
[
"ex-",
"ex-#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele relative concords",
"parents": [
"Relative concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 4 relative concord."
],
"id": "en-e--nr-prefix-41h2rf4J",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele relative concords",
"parents": [
"Relative concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 relative concord."
],
"id": "en-e--nr-prefix-u00bi5Kb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "adjective concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 28 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele adjective concords",
"parents": [
"Adjective concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 adjective concord."
],
"id": "en-e--nr-prefix-UgH1arfP",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ey-",
"id": "life"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "æ"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse æ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiwi",
"4": "",
"5": "forever"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiwi (“forever”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiwaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiwaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse æ, from Proto-Germanic *aiwi (“forever”), Proto-Germanic *aiwaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + huru (“how”) → ehuru (“although, however”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + vad (“what”) → evad (“whatever”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + var (“where”) → evar (“wherever”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + ho (“who”) → eho (“whoever”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix that may be used on certain pronouns and adverbs to create \"-ever\" constructions, most of which are formal or archaic."
],
"id": "en-e--sv-prefix--bdnnYf-",
"related": [
{
"word": "e"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "en",
"3": "e-"
},
"expansion": "English e-",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English e-, shortening of electronic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"electronic; including the hyphen"
],
"id": "en-e--sv-prefix-8uivdjNj",
"links": [
[
"electronic",
"electronic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "ai-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B ai-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Tocharian B ai-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 19 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to give"
],
"id": "en-e--xto-verb-jKZk8JaJ",
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
]
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-. Originally the concord of Class 9, it replaced the Class 4 concord as well.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "pronominal concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro pronominal concords",
"parents": [
"Pronominal concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + -nu (“this, these”) → enu (“these (class 4)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_4|class 4]] pronominal concord"
],
"id": "en-e--ttj-prefix-lRbXGqr6",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro pronominal concords",
"parents": [
"Pronominal concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + -nu (“this, these”) → enu (“this (class 9)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_9|class 9]] pronominal concord"
],
"id": "en-e--ttj-prefix-Js0jo9vf",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/e-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"alt": "before -a- or subjunctive -e-",
"word": "y-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"in other cases"
],
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "ey-"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-. Originally the concord of Class 9, it replaced the Class 4 concord as well.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat3": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nyowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ange"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "n-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-n-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nanyowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nanye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ninyowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ninye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "iwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-awe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "o-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "naiwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "niiwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "uwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "a-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-mu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nawe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nuwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "itwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-aitu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-tu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "naitwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "niitwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "inywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-anyu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ba-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nainywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "niinywe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-abo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ba-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nabo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nubo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-agwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-gu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nagwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nugwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "yo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-gi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nayo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "niyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-alyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nalyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "niryo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "go"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ago"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ga-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ga-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nago"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nugo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-akyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ki-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ki-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nakyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nikyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "byo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-abyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-bi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nabyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nibyo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-azo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "zi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-zi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nizo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-arwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ru-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ru-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "narwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nurwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ako"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ka-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nako"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nuko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "two"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-atwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "natwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nutwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-abwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-bu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nabwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nubwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-akwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nakwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nukwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-aho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ha-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "naho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nuho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "N/A"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ha-(...-yo)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-amwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ha-(...-mu)"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "numwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-enyini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-onyini"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "—"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-e-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + -kora (“to do”) → ekora (“they (class 4) do”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"they; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_4|class 4]] subject concord"
],
"id": "en-e--ttj-prefix-qTDCClRW",
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 22 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 26 24 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tooro subject concords",
"parents": [
"Subject concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + -kora (“to do”) → ekora (“it (class 9) does”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_9|class 9]] subject concord"
],
"id": "en-e--ttj-prefix-cs~6RVxO",
"links": [
[
"it",
"it"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/e-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"alt": "before -a- or subjunctive -e-",
"word": "y-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"raw_tags": [
"in other cases"
],
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "ey-"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "e-"
},
"expansion": "English e-",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English e-, an abbreviation of electronic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "e-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "he-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"prothesis-h"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 19 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + llyfr (“book”) → e-lyfr (“e-book”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + masnach (“trade, commerce”) → e-fasnach (“e-commerce”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + post (“post, mail”) → e-bost (“email”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + dysgu (“to learn”) → e-ddysgu (“e-learning”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"e-"
],
"id": "en-e--cy-prefix-GhzxZr-J",
"links": [
[
"e-",
"e-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛ/"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 34 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa relative concords",
"parents": [
"Relative concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 4 relative concord."
],
"id": "en-e--xh-prefix-41h2rf4J",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 34 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa relative concords",
"parents": [
"Relative concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 relative concord."
],
"id": "en-e--xh-prefix-u00bi5Kb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xh",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Xhosa",
"lang_code": "xh",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 34 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xhosa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"at, on, in; locative prefix."
],
"id": "en-e--xh-prefix-miXK7-iw",
"links": [
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"in",
"in"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Perhaps originally related to or a variant form of öt-, which has an allmorphic form e- in some related languages. However, note that intransitive verbs formed with öt- have agent-like arguments, whereas those formed with e- have patient-like arguments.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"converts a transitive verb into an intransitive verb with a patient-like argument, variously with reflexive, reciprocal, or passive meaning"
],
"id": "en-e--mch-prefix-M0~~HJcv",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[e-]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ethnos360"
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mch",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ye'kwana",
"lang_code": "mch",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ye'kwana entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"attaches to possessed nouns beginning with ö when the possessor is first- or second-person or is indicated by a full noun preceding the possessed noun"
],
"id": "en-e--mch-prefix-F6yvRhPf",
"links": [
[
"attach",
"attach#English"
],
[
"possessed",
"possessed#English"
],
[
"possessor",
"possessor#English"
],
[
"first-",
"first person#English"
],
[
"second-person",
"second person#English"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[e-]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ethnos360"
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zom",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zou",
"lang_code": "zom",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 19 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zou entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + ne (“to eat”) → ene (“eater”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form agent nouns from verbs; -er"
],
"id": "en-e--zom-prefix-1i07bzi3",
"links": [
[
"agent noun",
"agent noun#English"
],
[
"-er",
"-er"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ə˧/"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "a-",
"3": "i-",
"t1": "relative",
"t2": "class 4"
},
"expansion": "a- (“relative”) + i- (“class 4”)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a- (“relative”) + i- (“class 4”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ḗ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords",
"head": "ḗ-"
},
"expansion": "ḗ-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 34 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu relative concords",
"parents": [
"Relative concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu terms prefixed with a-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu terms prefixed with i-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 4 relative concord."
],
"id": "en-e--zu-prefix-41h2rf4J",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "a-",
"3": "i-",
"t1": "relative",
"t2": "class 9"
},
"expansion": "a- (“relative”) + i- (“class 9”)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a- (“relative”) + i- (“class 9”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ḗ-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords",
"head": "ḗ-"
},
"expansion": "ḗ-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 34 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu relative concords",
"parents": [
"Relative concords",
"Concords",
"Prefixes",
"Morphemes",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu terms prefixed with a-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu terms prefixed with i-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 9 relative concord."
],
"id": "en-e--zu-prefix-u00bi5Kb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to Rwanda-Rundi i.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zu",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zulu",
"lang_code": "zu",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 34 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zulu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"at, on, in; locative prefix."
],
"id": "en-e--zu-prefix-miXK7-iw",
"links": [
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"on",
"on"
],
[
"in",
"in"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ugric"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "e, ez"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian: e, ez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hungarian: e, ez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mordvinic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*e-",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *e-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эте"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: эте (ete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: эте (ete), эсе (ese), истя (isťa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "эса"
},
"expansion": "Moksha: эса (esa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Moksha: эса (esa), эста (esta), эмбе (embe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Finnic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*että",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *että",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-tta</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-tta)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *että (with *-tta) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "et"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: et",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: et"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "että"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: että",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: että"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*enci",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *enci",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-nci</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-nci)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *enci (with *-nci) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ensi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ensi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ensi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*ellä",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ellä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-lla</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-lla)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ellä (with *-lla)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ellä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ellä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ellä"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "this"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/e-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"this"
],
"id": "en-e--urj-pro-pron-HreWAkEe",
"links": [
[
"this",
"this"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "*ɔ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Permic: *ɔ-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Permic: *ɔ- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Mordvinic: *e-, *i-, *a-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эзь"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: эзь (eź)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: эзь (eź), иля (iĺa), а (a), апак (apak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "изь"
},
"expansion": "Moksha: изь (iź)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Moksha: изь (iź), тят (tät), аф (af), аш (aš), апак (apak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic: *i-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samic: *i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Southern Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sju",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Ume Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ume Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sje",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Pite Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pite Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Lule Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lule Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ii"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: ii",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: ii"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smn",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Inari Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inari Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sms",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Skolt Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Skolt Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sia",
"2": "ий"
},
"expansion": "Akkala Sami: ий (ij)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akkala Sami: ий (ij)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "not"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yuk-pro",
"2": "*əl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Yukaghir *əl-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ese"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ese",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *e-",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sometimes compared to Proto-Yukaghir *əl-, Proto-Mongolic *ese and Proto-Tungusic *e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 37 2 1 9 2 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not; the negative verb."
],
"id": "en-e--urj-pro-verb-V-ciaO9V",
"related": [
{
"english": "don't",
"word": "älä- imperative stem"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: ei"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "pole",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Estonian: pole",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from dialectal <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"et\">ep</i>; contraction of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"et\">ep ole</i>"
},
"expansion": "(from dialectal ep; contraction of ep ole)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Estonian: pole (from dialectal ep; contraction of ep ole)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "ä'b"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: ä'b",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: ä'b"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Veps: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "eb"
},
"expansion": "Votic: eb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: eb"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "ei",
"3": "eiq"
},
"expansion": "Võro: ei, eiq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: ei, eiq"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*e-",
"id": "not"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *e-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *i-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ii"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami ii",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a- (negative verb stem). Cognate with Proto-Samic *i- (whence Northern Sami ii). The imperative forms are from the Proto-Uralic negative imperative verb stem *älä-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "e-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "en",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "et",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "äläk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "epi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "epä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "älägäsen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ekmek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ekmäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "esimek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esimäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "älägätemek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "älägätämäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ektek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ektäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esidek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esidäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "älägäte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "älägätä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ebät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "epi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "älägäsen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ehkä"
},
{
"word": "? *eksüdäk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The negative verb, not"
],
"id": "en-e--urj-fin-pro-verb-fwf-2wZ4",
"links": [
[
"negative verb",
"negative verb#English"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tungusic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Tungusic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eve",
"2": "э-"
},
"expansion": "Even: э- (ə-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Even: э- (ə-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "evn",
"2": "э-",
"3": "эмӣ"
},
"expansion": "Evenki: э- (ə-), эмӣ (əmī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Evenki: э- (ə-), эмӣ (əmī)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "neg",
"2": "э-",
"tr": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Negidal: э- (e-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negidal: э- (e-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orh",
"2": "ə-"
},
"expansion": "Oroqen: ə-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oroqen: ə-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-sol",
"2": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Solon: e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Solon: e-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Tungusic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oac",
"2": "э-",
"3": "эӡи",
"tr1": "e-",
"tr2": "eʒi-"
},
"expansion": "Oroch: э- (e-), эӡи (eʒi-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oroch: э- (e-), эӡи (eʒi-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ude",
"2": "э-",
"3": "эйни",
"tr1": "e-",
"tr2": "ejni"
},
"expansion": "Udihe: э- (e-), эйни (ejni)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Udihe: э- (e-), эйни (ejni)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "South-Eastern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oaa",
"2": "э-",
"tr": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Orok: э- (e-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Orok: э- (e-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ulc",
"2": "эӡи",
"tr": "eʒi"
},
"expansion": "Ulch: эӡи (eʒi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ulch: эӡи (eʒi)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tungusic",
"lang_code": "tuw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/e-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"not"
],
"id": "en-e--tuw-pro-prefix-JUu5e1fx",
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ā(n)-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Tungusic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- → *esinbi (“I don't (present)”) (or *esībi ?)"
},
{
"text": "e- → *ečinbi (“I didn't”) (or *ečēbi ?)"
},
{
"text": "e- → *etēnbi (“I won't”)"
},
{
"english": "I don't take [it].",
"ref": "e- → *eǯī (“Don't!”)",
"text": "gada esinbi."
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes negativity on verbs."
],
"id": "en-e--tuw-pro-prefix-FXJOjugB",
"links": [
[
"negativity",
"negativity"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Enets:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enf",
"2": "эки",
"tr": "eki",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Forest Enets: эки (eki)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Forest Enets: эки (eki)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enh",
"2": "экэ",
"tr": "eke",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Tundra Enets: экэ (eke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Tundra Enets: экэ (eke)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xas",
"2": "идә"
},
"expansion": "Kamassian: идә (idə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamassian: идә (idə)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mtm",
"2": "иди",
"t": "that",
"tr": "idi"
},
"expansion": "Mator: иди (idi, “that”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mator: иди (idi, “that”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *e-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/e-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samoyedic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"this"
],
"id": "en-e--syd-pro-pron-HreWAkEe",
"links": [
[
"this",
"this"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nio",
"2": "нисы"
},
"expansion": "Nganasan: нисы (njisɨ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nganasan: нисы (njisɨ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Enets:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enf",
"2": "иҫь",
"tr": "iš'"
},
"expansion": "Forest Enets: иҫь (iš')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Forest Enets: иҫь (iš')"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enh",
"2": "ише",
"tr": "iše"
},
"expansion": "Tundra Enets: ише (iše)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tundra Enets: ише (iše)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nenets:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-fne",
"2": "ни",
"t": "no"
},
"expansion": "Forest Nenets: ни (nyi, “no”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Forest Nenets: ни (nyi, “no”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrk",
"2": "нись"
},
"expansion": "Tundra Nenets: нись (nyisʹ°)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tundra Nenets: нись (nyisʹ°)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-pro",
"2": "*ašša"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Selkup: *ašša",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "indicative"
},
"expansion": "(indicative)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "(imperative)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Selkup: *ašša (indicative), *i̮kə (imperative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-nor",
"2": "ашша"
},
"expansion": "Northern Selkup: ашша (ašša)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "indicative"
},
"expansion": "(indicative)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "(imperative)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Northern Selkup: ашша (ašša) (indicative), ыкы (yky) (imperative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-sou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Southern Selkup:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Selkup:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "indicative"
},
"expansion": "(indicative)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "(imperative)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Narym: ā, аӽа́ (indicative), ыг (yg), ы̄г (ȳg) (imperative)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "indicative"
},
"expansion": "(indicative)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "(imperative)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Upper Ob: ас (as) (indicative), iог (iog) (imperative)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xas",
"2": "езьәт"
},
"expansion": "Kamassian: езьәт (eźət)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamassian: езьәт (eźət), ей (ej, “no; not”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zkb",
"2": "аби",
"t": "no; not",
"tr": "abi",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Koibal: аби (abi, “no; not”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Koibal: аби (abi, “no; not”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mtm",
"2": "и-",
"tr": "i-"
},
"expansion": "Mator: и- (i-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mator: и- (i-)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *e-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 92 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not (negative verb)"
],
"id": "en-e--syd-pro-verb-a3jRhTpl",
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Selkup:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-nor",
"2": "ӣӄо"
},
"expansion": "Northern Selkup: ӣӄо",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Selkup: ӣӄо"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-sou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Southern Selkup:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Selkup:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Narym: и́гу (ígu), ӣгу (jīgu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Upper Ob: иигу (iigu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xas",
"2": "изьәт"
},
"expansion": "Kamassian: изьәт (iźət)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamassian: изьәт (iźət)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zkb",
"2": "и-",
"tr": "i-"
},
"expansion": "Koibal: и- (i-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Koibal: и- (i-)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*wexe-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *wexe-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely from Proto-Uralic *wexe-, with an irregular loss of initial *w-. Compare a similar development in *åəj- (“to be”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to take, grab"
],
"id": "en-e--syd-pro-verb--vLbXNgG",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"grab",
"grab"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cay",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cayuga",
"lang_code": "cay",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cayuga entries with incorrect language header",
"Cayuga lemmas",
"Cayuga prefixes",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"third person feminine agent pronominal prefix; she"
],
"links": [
[
"third person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"feminine",
"feminine#English"
],
[
"agent",
"agent#English"
],
[
"she",
"she"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chuukese lemmas",
"Chuukese prefixes",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Third-person singular subject marker for tense modifying adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"one"
],
"links": [
[
"one",
"one"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English abbreviations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ex-, without"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "ē-"
},
"expansion": "Latin ē-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin ē-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with manual fragments"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e.g. eluviation, edentulous, elenge"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives with the sense of something being lacking or removed."
],
"links": [
[
"adjectives",
"adjective#Noun"
],
[
"lacking",
"lacking#Adjective"
],
[
"removed",
"remove#Verb"
]
],
"qualifier": "non-productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-productive) Used to form adjectives with the sense of something being lacking or removed."
],
"senseid": [
"en:without"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ex-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English abbreviations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "electronic, digital"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "electronic"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of electronic.",
"name": "abbreviation of"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of electronic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"In an electronic form, especially computerized and digital; often in association with the Internet."
],
"links": [
[
"electronic",
"electronic"
],
[
"computerized",
"computerized"
],
[
"digital",
"digital"
],
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:digital"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i-/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "e-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Electronics (magazine)",
"Oxford English Dictionary",
"United States Postal Service"
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English abbreviations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "emergency"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "emergency"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of emergency.",
"name": "abbreviation of"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of emergency.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e-stop, e-brake"
}
],
"glosses": [
"For emergency purposes."
],
"links": [
[
"emergency",
"emergency"
],
[
"purposes",
"purposes"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:emergency"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i-/"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English abbreviations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "electric or electrical"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "electric"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "electric",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of electric",
"name": "abbreviation of"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of electric or electrical.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Marketing"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to prefix product names, to indicate an electrified or all-electric variant of the product, particularly cars."
],
"links": [
[
"marketing",
"marketing#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(marketing) Used to prefix product names, to indicate an electrified or all-electric variant of the product, particularly cars."
],
"senseid": [
"en:electric power"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"marketing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Marketing"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to prefix product names, to indicate an electrified or all-electric variant of the product, particularly cars.",
"Used to prefix product names, to indicate a battery-powered or onboard electric power source variant."
],
"links": [
[
"marketing",
"marketing#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(marketing) Used to prefix product names, to indicate an electrified or all-electric variant of the product, particularly cars.",
"(marketing) Used to prefix product names, to indicate a battery-powered or onboard electric power source variant."
],
"senseid": [
"en:electric power"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"marketing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e-stim",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Electric."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i-/"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English abbreviations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "embedded"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "embedded"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of embedded.",
"name": "abbreviation of"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of embedded.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Electronics"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to prefix items that are embedded into devices, instead of being discrete or removable elements."
],
"links": [
[
"electronics",
"electronics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(electronics) Used to prefix items that are embedded into devices, instead of being discrete or removable elements."
],
"senseid": [
"en:embedded"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"electrical-engineering",
"electricity",
"electromagnetism",
"electronics",
"energy",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English abbreviations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English productive prefixes",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "educational"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "educational"
},
"expansion": "Abbreviation of educational.",
"name": "abbreviation of"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Abbreviation of educational.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "en-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"educational"
],
"links": [
[
"educational",
"educational"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:educational"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i-/"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "e-julkaisu"
},
{
"word": "e-kirja"
},
{
"word": "e-lehti"
},
{
"word": "e-liiketoiminta"
},
{
"word": "e-opetus"
},
{
"word": "e-oppiminen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "en",
"3": "e-"
},
"expansion": "English e-",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish 1-syllable words",
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish prefixes",
"Finnish terms borrowed from English",
"Finnish terms derived from English",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"e- (electronic)"
],
"links": [
[
"e-",
"e-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈeː/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈe̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ē-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prefix form",
"head": "ē-"
},
"expansion": "ē-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "combining with b-, d-, g-, j-, l-, m-, n-, r-, and v-initial words",
"word": "ex-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin prefix forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ex- (combining with b-, d-, g-, j-, l-, m-, n-, r-, and v-initial words)."
],
"links": [
[
"ex-",
"ex-#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eː/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[eː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/e/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɛː]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ew"
},
{
"word": "emen"
},
{
"word": "ekij"
},
{
"word": "eijek"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"Mokilese lemmas",
"Mokilese numerical prefixes",
"Mokilese prefixes",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"number prefix for one"
],
"links": [
[
"one",
"one"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Ndebele adjective concords",
"Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Ndebele lemmas",
"Northern Ndebele prefixes",
"Northern Ndebele relative concords",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Class 4 relative concord."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Ndebele adjective concords",
"Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Ndebele lemmas",
"Northern Ndebele prefixes",
"Northern Ndebele relative concords",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Class 9 relative concord."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Ndebele adjective concords",
"Northern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Ndebele lemmas",
"Northern Ndebele prefixes",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nd",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "adjective concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Class 9 adjective concord."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "class A infixed pronoun",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "e- (class A infixed pronoun)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "A"
},
"expansion": "e- (class A infixed pronoun)",
"name": "sga-infixed pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "1 sing"
},
{
"word": "m-L"
},
{
"word": "dom-L"
},
{
"word": "dam-L"
},
{
"word": "-um"
},
{
"word": "2 sing"
},
{
"word": "t-L"
},
{
"word": "dot-L"
},
{
"word": "dat-L"
},
{
"word": "dut-L"
},
{
"word": "dit-L"
},
{
"word": "-ut"
},
{
"word": "3 sing. m."
},
{
"word": "a-N"
},
{
"word": "e-N"
},
{
"word": "d-N"
},
{
"word": "id-N"
},
{
"word": "did-N"
},
{
"word": "-i"
},
{
"word": "-it"
},
{
"word": "3 sing. f."
},
{
"word": "s-(N)"
},
{
"word": "da-"
},
{
"word": "-us"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "3 sing"
},
{
"word": "a-L"
},
{
"word": "e-L"
},
{
"word": "d-L"
},
{
"word": "id-L"
},
{
"word": "did-L"
},
{
"word": "1 pl"
},
{
"word": "n-"
},
{
"word": "don-"
},
{
"word": "dun-"
},
{
"word": "dan-"
},
{
"word": "-unn"
},
{
"word": "2 pl"
},
{
"word": "b-"
},
{
"word": "dob-"
},
{
"word": "dub-"
},
{
"word": "dab-"
},
{
"word": "-uib"
},
{
"word": "3 pl"
},
{
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
],
"word": "L means this form triggers lenition.N means this form triggers nasalization(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others."
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "him, it",
"word": "a-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish personal pronouns",
"Old Irish prefixes",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of a- (“him, it”)"
],
"links": [
[
"a-",
"a-#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"class-A",
"infix",
"morpheme",
"pronoun"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English e-",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prefixes",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/i",
"Rhymes:Polish/i/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛ/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + papier → e-papier",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"e-, as relating to electronics or the internet"
],
"links": [
[
"e-",
"e-#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈi/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛ"
},
{
"rhymes": "-i"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese prefixes"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "em- used before M and N"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of em- used before M and N"
],
"links": [
[
"em-",
"em-#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "outward motion",
"word": "ex-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ex- (outward motion)"
],
"links": [
[
"ex-",
"ex-#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "ehkä"
},
{
"word": "? *eksüdäk"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: ei"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "pole",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Estonian: pole",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from dialectal <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"et\">ep</i>; contraction of <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"et\">ep ole</i>"
},
"expansion": "(from dialectal ep; contraction of ep ole)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Estonian: pole (from dialectal ep; contraction of ep ole)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "ä'b"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: ä'b",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: ä'b"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "ei"
},
"expansion": "Veps: ei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: ei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "eb"
},
"expansion": "Votic: eb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: eb"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "ei",
"3": "eiq"
},
"expansion": "Võro: ei, eiq",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: ei, eiq"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*e-",
"id": "not"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *e-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *i-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ii"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami ii",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *e- ~ *ä- ~ *a- (negative verb stem). Cognate with Proto-Samic *i- (whence Northern Sami ii). The imperative forms are from the Proto-Uralic negative imperative verb stem *älä-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "e-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "en",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "et",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "äläk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "epi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "epä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "älägäsen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ekmek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ekmäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "esimek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esimäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "älägätemek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "älägätämäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ektek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ektäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esidek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esidäk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "älägäte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "älägätä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ebät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "epi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "älägäsen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"The negative verb, not"
],
"links": [
[
"negative verb",
"negative verb#English"
],
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Samoyedic lemmas",
"Proto-Samoyedic pronouns",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samoyedic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Enets:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enf",
"2": "эки",
"tr": "eki",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Forest Enets: эки (eki)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Forest Enets: эки (eki)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enh",
"2": "экэ",
"tr": "eke",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Tundra Enets: экэ (eke)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Tundra Enets: экэ (eke)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xas",
"2": "идә"
},
"expansion": "Kamassian: идә (idə)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamassian: идә (idə)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mtm",
"2": "иди",
"t": "that",
"tr": "idi"
},
"expansion": "Mator: иди (idi, “that”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mator: иди (idi, “that”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *e-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/e-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"this"
],
"links": [
[
"this",
"this"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Samoyedic lemmas",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samoyedic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nio",
"2": "нисы"
},
"expansion": "Nganasan: нисы (njisɨ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nganasan: нисы (njisɨ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Enets:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enf",
"2": "иҫь",
"tr": "iš'"
},
"expansion": "Forest Enets: иҫь (iš')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Forest Enets: иҫь (iš')"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enh",
"2": "ише",
"tr": "iše"
},
"expansion": "Tundra Enets: ише (iše)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tundra Enets: ише (iše)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nenets:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-fne",
"2": "ни",
"t": "no"
},
"expansion": "Forest Nenets: ни (nyi, “no”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Forest Nenets: ни (nyi, “no”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrk",
"2": "нись"
},
"expansion": "Tundra Nenets: нись (nyisʹ°)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tundra Nenets: нись (nyisʹ°)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-pro",
"2": "*ašša"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Selkup: *ašša",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "indicative"
},
"expansion": "(indicative)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "(imperative)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Selkup: *ašša (indicative), *i̮kə (imperative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-nor",
"2": "ашша"
},
"expansion": "Northern Selkup: ашша (ašša)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "indicative"
},
"expansion": "(indicative)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "(imperative)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Northern Selkup: ашша (ašša) (indicative), ыкы (yky) (imperative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-sou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Southern Selkup:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Selkup:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "indicative"
},
"expansion": "(indicative)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "(imperative)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Narym: ā, аӽа́ (indicative), ыг (yg), ы̄г (ȳg) (imperative)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "indicative"
},
"expansion": "(indicative)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "imperative"
},
"expansion": "(imperative)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Upper Ob: ас (as) (indicative), iог (iog) (imperative)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xas",
"2": "езьәт"
},
"expansion": "Kamassian: езьәт (eźət)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamassian: езьәт (eźət), ей (ej, “no; not”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zkb",
"2": "аби",
"t": "no; not",
"tr": "abi",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Koibal: аби (abi, “no; not”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Koibal: аби (abi, “no; not”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mtm",
"2": "и-",
"tr": "i-"
},
"expansion": "Mator: и- (i-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mator: и- (i-)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *e-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"not (negative verb)"
],
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Samoyedic lemmas",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samoyedic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Selkup:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-nor",
"2": "ӣӄо"
},
"expansion": "Northern Selkup: ӣӄо",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Selkup: ӣӄо"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sel-sou",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Southern Selkup:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Selkup:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Narym: и́гу (ígu), ӣгу (jīgu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Upper Ob: иигу (iigu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xas",
"2": "изьәт"
},
"expansion": "Kamassian: изьәт (iźət)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamassian: изьәт (iźət)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zkb",
"2": "и-",
"tr": "i-"
},
"expansion": "Koibal: и- (i-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Koibal: и- (i-)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*wexe-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *wexe-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Likely from Proto-Uralic *wexe-, with an irregular loss of initial *w-. Compare a similar development in *åəj- (“to be”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to take, grab"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"grab",
"grab"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Tungusic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Tungusic lemmas",
"Proto-Tungusic prefixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tungusic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Tungusic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eve",
"2": "э-"
},
"expansion": "Even: э- (ə-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Even: э- (ə-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "evn",
"2": "э-",
"3": "эмӣ"
},
"expansion": "Evenki: э- (ə-), эмӣ (əmī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Evenki: э- (ə-), эмӣ (əmī)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "neg",
"2": "э-",
"tr": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Negidal: э- (e-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negidal: э- (e-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orh",
"2": "ə-"
},
"expansion": "Oroqen: ə-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oroqen: ə-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-sol",
"2": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Solon: e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Solon: e-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Tungusic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oac",
"2": "э-",
"3": "эӡи",
"tr1": "e-",
"tr2": "eʒi-"
},
"expansion": "Oroch: э- (e-), эӡи (eʒi-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oroch: э- (e-), эӡи (eʒi-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ude",
"2": "э-",
"3": "эйни",
"tr1": "e-",
"tr2": "ejni"
},
"expansion": "Udihe: э- (e-), эйни (ejni)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Udihe: э- (e-), эйни (ejni)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "South-Eastern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oaa",
"2": "э-",
"tr": "e-"
},
"expansion": "Orok: э- (e-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Orok: э- (e-)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ulc",
"2": "эӡи",
"tr": "eʒi"
},
"expansion": "Ulch: эӡи (eʒi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ulch: эӡи (eʒi)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tungusic",
"lang_code": "tuw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/e-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"not"
],
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*ā(n)-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- → *esinbi (“I don't (present)”) (or *esībi ?)"
},
{
"text": "e- → *ečinbi (“I didn't”) (or *ečēbi ?)"
},
{
"text": "e- → *etēnbi (“I won't”)"
},
{
"english": "I don't take [it].",
"ref": "e- → *eǯī (“Don't!”)",
"text": "gada esinbi."
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes negativity on verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"negativity",
"negativity"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic pronouns",
"Proto-Uralic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ugric"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "e, ez"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian: e, ez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hungarian: e, ez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mordvinic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*e-",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *e-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эте"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: эте (ete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: эте (ete), эсе (ese), истя (isťa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "эса"
},
"expansion": "Moksha: эса (esa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Moksha: эса (esa), эста (esta), эмбе (embe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Finnic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*että",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *että",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-tta</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-tta)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *että (with *-tta) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "et"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: et",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: et"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "että"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: että",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: että"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*enci",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *enci",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-nci</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-nci)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *enci (with *-nci) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ensi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ensi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ensi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*ellä",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ellä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-lla</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-lla)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ellä (with *-lla)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ellä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ellä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ellä"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "this"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/e-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"this"
],
"links": [
[
"this",
"this"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "*ɔ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Permic: *ɔ-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Permic: *ɔ- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Mordvinic: *e-, *i-, *a-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эзь"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: эзь (eź)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: эзь (eź), иля (iĺa), а (a), апак (apak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "изь"
},
"expansion": "Moksha: изь (iź)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Moksha: изь (iź), тят (tät), аф (af), аш (aš), апак (apak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic: *i-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samic: *i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Southern Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sju",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Ume Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ume Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sje",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Pite Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pite Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Lule Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lule Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ii"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: ii",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: ii"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smn",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Inari Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inari Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sms",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Skolt Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Skolt Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sia",
"2": "ий"
},
"expansion": "Akkala Sami: ий (ij)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akkala Sami: ий (ij)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "not"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yuk-pro",
"2": "*əl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Yukaghir *əl-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ese"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ese",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *e-",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sometimes compared to Proto-Yukaghir *əl-, Proto-Mongolic *ese and Proto-Tungusic *e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "don't",
"word": "älä- imperative stem"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"not; the negative verb."
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Southern Ndebele adjective concords",
"Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Southern Ndebele lemmas",
"Southern Ndebele prefixes",
"Southern Ndebele relative concords"
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords"
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"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Class 4 relative concord."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Southern Ndebele adjective concords",
"Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Southern Ndebele lemmas",
"Southern Ndebele prefixes",
"Southern Ndebele relative concords"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "relative concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Class 9 relative concord."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Southern Ndebele adjective concords",
"Southern Ndebele entries with incorrect language header",
"Southern Ndebele lemmas",
"Southern Ndebele prefixes"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nr",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "adjective concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Ndebele",
"lang_code": "nr",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Class 9 adjective concord."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish prefixes",
"Swedish terms borrowed from English",
"Swedish terms derived from English",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Swedish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ey- (life)",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ey-",
"id": "life"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "æ"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse æ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiwi",
"4": "",
"5": "forever"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiwi (“forever”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiwaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiwaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse æ, from Proto-Germanic *aiwi (“forever”), Proto-Germanic *aiwaz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "e"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + huru (“how”) → ehuru (“although, however”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + vad (“what”) → evad (“whatever”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + var (“where”) → evar (“wherever”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + ho (“who”) → eho (“whoever”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix that may be used on certain pronouns and adverbs to create \"-ever\" constructions, most of which are formal or archaic."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish prefixes",
"Swedish terms borrowed from English",
"Swedish terms derived from English"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "en",
"3": "e-"
},
"expansion": "English e-",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English e-, shortening of electronic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"electronic; including the hyphen"
],
"links": [
[
"electronic",
"electronic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "ai-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B ai-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Tocharian B ai-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
"Tocharian A lemmas",
"Tocharian A verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to give"
],
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
]
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"Tooro lemmas",
"Tooro prefixes",
"Tooro pronominal concords",
"Tooro subject concords",
"Tooro terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Tooro terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ̀-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ̀-. Originally the concord of Class 9, it replaced the Class 4 concord as well.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "pronominal concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + -nu (“this, these”) → enu (“these (class 4)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_4|class 4]] pronominal concord"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + -nu (“this, these”) → enu (“this (class 9)”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"[[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_9|class 9]] pronominal concord"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/e-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "before -a- or subjunctive -e-",
"word": "y-"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"in other cases"
],
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "ey-"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tooro entries with incorrect language header",
"Tooro lemmas",
"Tooro prefixes",
"Tooro subject concords",
"Tooro terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Tooro terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*jɪ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *jɪ́-. Originally the concord of Class 9, it replaced the Class 4 concord as well.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ttj",
"2": "prefix",
"cat3": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tooro",
"lang_code": "ttj",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "nyowe"
},
{
"word": "nye"
},
{
"word": "-ange"
},
{
"word": "n-"
},
{
"word": "-n-"
},
{
"word": "nanyowe"
},
{
"word": "nanye"
},
{
"word": "ninyowe"
},
{
"word": "ninye"
},
{
"word": "iwe"
},
{
"word": "-awe"
},
{
"word": "o-"
},
{
"word": "-ku-"
},
{
"word": "naiwe"
},
{
"word": "niiwe"
},
{
"word": "uwe"
},
{
"word": "-e"
},
{
"word": "a-"
},
{
"word": "-mu-"
},
{
"word": "nawe"
},
{
"word": "nuwe"
},
{
"word": "itwe"
},
{
"word": "-aitu"
},
{
"word": "tu-"
},
{
"word": "-tu-"
},
{
"word": "naitwe"
},
{
"word": "niitwe"
},
{
"word": "inywe"
},
{
"word": "-anyu"
},
{
"word": "mu-"
},
{
"word": "-ba-"
},
{
"word": "nainywe"
},
{
"word": "niinywe"
},
{
"word": "abo"
},
{
"word": "-abo"
},
{
"word": "ba-"
},
{
"word": "nabo"
},
{
"word": "nubo"
},
{
"word": "gwo"
},
{
"word": "-agwo"
},
{
"word": "gu-"
},
{
"word": "-gu-"
},
{
"word": "nagwo"
},
{
"word": "nugwo"
},
{
"word": "yo"
},
{
"word": "-ayo"
},
{
"word": "-gi-"
},
{
"word": "nayo"
},
{
"word": "niyo"
},
{
"word": "lyo"
},
{
"word": "-alyo"
},
{
"word": "li-"
},
{
"word": "-li-"
},
{
"word": "nalyo"
},
{
"word": "niryo"
},
{
"word": "go"
},
{
"word": "-ago"
},
{
"word": "ga-"
},
{
"word": "-ga-"
},
{
"word": "nago"
},
{
"word": "nugo"
},
{
"word": "kyo"
},
{
"word": "-akyo"
},
{
"word": "ki-"
},
{
"word": "-ki-"
},
{
"word": "nakyo"
},
{
"word": "nikyo"
},
{
"word": "byo"
},
{
"word": "-abyo"
},
{
"word": "bi-"
},
{
"word": "-bi-"
},
{
"word": "nabyo"
},
{
"word": "nibyo"
},
{
"word": "zo"
},
{
"word": "-azo"
},
{
"word": "zi-"
},
{
"word": "-zi-"
},
{
"word": "nazo"
},
{
"word": "nizo"
},
{
"word": "rwo"
},
{
"word": "-arwo"
},
{
"word": "ru-"
},
{
"word": "-ru-"
},
{
"word": "narwo"
},
{
"word": "nurwo"
},
{
"word": "ko"
},
{
"word": "-ako"
},
{
"word": "ka-"
},
{
"word": "-ka-"
},
{
"word": "nako"
},
{
"word": "nuko"
},
{
"word": "two"
},
{
"word": "-atwo"
},
{
"word": "natwo"
},
{
"word": "nutwo"
},
{
"word": "bwo"
},
{
"word": "-abwo"
},
{
"word": "bu-"
},
{
"word": "-bu-"
},
{
"word": "nabwo"
},
{
"word": "nubwo"
},
{
"word": "kwo"
},
{
"word": "-akwo"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "nakwo"
},
{
"word": "nukwo"
},
{
"word": "ho"
},
{
"word": "-aho"
},
{
"word": "ha-"
},
{
"word": "-ha-"
},
{
"word": "naho"
},
{
"word": "nuho"
},
{
"word": "N/A"
},
{
"word": "ha-(...-yo)"
},
{
"word": "-amwo"
},
{
"word": "ha-(...-mu)"
},
{
"word": "numwo"
},
{
"word": "-enyini"
},
{
"word": "-onyini"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "-e-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + -kora (“to do”) → ekora (“they (class 4) do”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"they; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_4|class 4]] subject concord"
],
"links": [
[
"they",
"they"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "e- + -kora (“to do”) → ekora (“it (class 9) does”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_9|class 9]] subject concord"
],
"links": [
[
"it",
"it"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/e-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "before -a- or subjunctive -e-",
"word": "y-"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"in other cases"
],
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "ey-"
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "e-"
},
"expansion": "English e-",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English e-, an abbreviation of electronic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "e-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "he-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"prothesis-h"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 19 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh prefixes",
"Welsh terms borrowed from English",
"Welsh terms derived from English"
],
"examples": [
{
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"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "e- + masnach (“trade, commerce”) → e-fasnach (“e-commerce”)",
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},
{
"text": "e- + post (“post, mail”) → e-bost (“email”)",
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},
{
"text": "e- + dysgu (“to learn”) → e-ddysgu (“e-learning”)",
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}
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[
"e-",
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],
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"at"
],
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],
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[
"attach",
"attach#English"
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"second-person",
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"text": "e- + ne (“to eat”) → ene (“eater”)",
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"Used to form agent nouns from verbs; -er"
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"-er",
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{
"ipa": "/ə˧/"
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}
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],
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{
"form": "ḗ-",
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"canonical"
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"glosses": [
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{
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}
Download raw JSONL data for e- meaning in All languages combined (56.4kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_4|class 4]] pronominal concord",
"path": [
"e-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "e-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_9|class 9]] pronominal concord",
"path": [
"e-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "e-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: they; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_4|class 4]] subject concord",
"path": [
"e-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "e-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: it; [[Appendix:Tooro_noun_classes#Class_9|class 9]] subject concord",
"path": [
"e-"
],
"section": "Tooro",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "e-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: e-/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"e-"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "e-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: e-/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"e-"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "e-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.