See e- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ugric"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "e, ez"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian: e, ez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hungarian: e, ez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mordvinic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*e-",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *e-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эте"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: эте (ete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: эте (ete), эсе (ese), истя (isťa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "эса"
},
"expansion": "Moksha: эса (esa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Moksha: эса (esa), эста (esta), эмбе (embe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Finnic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*että",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *että",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-tta</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-tta)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *että (with *-tta) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "et"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: et",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: et"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "että"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: että",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: että"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*enci",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *enci",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-nci</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-nci)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *enci (with *-nci) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ensi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ensi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ensi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*ellä",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ellä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-lla</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-lla)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ellä (with *-lla)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ellä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ellä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ellä"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "this"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/e-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"this"
],
"id": "en-e--urj-pro-pron-HreWAkEe",
"links": [
[
"this",
"this"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "*ɔ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Permic: *ɔ-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Permic: *ɔ- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Mordvinic: *e-, *i-, *a-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эзь"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: эзь (eź)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: эзь (eź), иля (iĺa), а (a), апак (apak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "изь"
},
"expansion": "Moksha: изь (iź)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Moksha: изь (iź), тят (tät), аф (af), аш (aš), апак (apak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic: *i-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samic: *i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Southern Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sju",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Ume Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ume Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sje",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Pite Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pite Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Lule Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lule Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ii"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: ii",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: ii"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smn",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Inari Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inari Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sms",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Skolt Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Skolt Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sia",
"2": "ий"
},
"expansion": "Akkala Sami: ий (ij)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akkala Sami: ий (ij)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "not"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yuk-pro",
"2": "*əl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Yukaghir *əl-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ese"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ese",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *e-",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sometimes compared to Proto-Yukaghir *əl-, Proto-Mongolic *ese and Proto-Tungusic *e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 37 2 1 9 2 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not; the negative verb."
],
"id": "en-e--urj-pro-verb-V-ciaO9V",
"related": [
{
"english": "don't",
"word": "älä- imperative stem"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic pronouns",
"Proto-Uralic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ugric"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "e, ez"
},
"expansion": "Hungarian: e, ez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hungarian: e, ez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mordvinic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*e-",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Mordvinic: *e-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эте"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: эте (ete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: эте (ete), эсе (ese), истя (isťa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "эса"
},
"expansion": "Moksha: эса (esa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Moksha: эса (esa), эста (esta), эмбе (embe)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Finnic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*että",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *että",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-tta</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-tta)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *että (with *-tta) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "et"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: et",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: et"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "että"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: että",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: että"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*enci",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *enci",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-nci</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-nci)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *enci (with *-nci) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ensi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ensi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ensi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*ellä",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ellä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*-lla</i>"
},
"expansion": "(with *-lla)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Finnic: *ellä (with *-lla)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ellä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: ellä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: ellä"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "this"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/e-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"this"
],
"links": [
[
"this",
"this"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samoyedic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "*ɔ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Permic: *ɔ-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Permic: *ɔ- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-mdv-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mordvinic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Mordvinic: *e-, *i-, *a-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "myv",
"2": "эзь"
},
"expansion": "Erzya: эзь (eź)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Erzya: эзь (eź), иля (iĺa), а (a), апак (apak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mdf",
"2": "изь"
},
"expansion": "Moksha: изь (iź)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Moksha: изь (iź), тят (tät), аф (af), аш (aš), апак (apak)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*i-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic: *i-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Samic: *i-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Southern Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sju",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Ume Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ume Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sje",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Pite Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pite Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Lule Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lule Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ii"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: ii",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: ii"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smn",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Inari Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inari Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sms",
"2": "ij"
},
"expansion": "Skolt Sami: ij",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Skolt Sami: ij"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sia",
"2": "ий"
},
"expansion": "Akkala Sami: ий (ij)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Akkala Sami: ий (ij)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *e-",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *e- (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "not"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-yuk-pro",
"2": "*əl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Yukaghir *əl-",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*ese"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *ese",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *e-",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Sometimes compared to Proto-Yukaghir *əl-, Proto-Mongolic *ese and Proto-Tungusic *e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/e-",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "don't",
"word": "älä- imperative stem"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"not; the negative verb."
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "e-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for e- meaning in Proto-Uralic (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Uralic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.